1、主謂一致一、定義1.主謂一致是指主語和謂語動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)上必須保持一致。2.主謂一致應(yīng)遵循的原則:語法一致原則，意義一致原則，就近一致原則。二.用法1.語法一致原則:謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)和主語一致。當(dāng)and或bothand連接的名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Both Tom and Mike are teachers. 湯姆和麥克都是老師。不定代詞every，each，either，neither，one of，no one修飾主語及復(fù)合不定代詞everyone，nothing，somebody等作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。 Each of us has a new notebook. 我們每個(gè)

2、人都有一個(gè)新筆記本。The boy is so clever that everybody likes him.那個(gè)男孩那么聰明，大家都喜歡他。不定式或動(dòng)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)形式。 To see is to believe. 眼見為實(shí)。Playing with fire is dangerous. 玩火是危險(xiǎn)的。 “a number of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，“the number of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 A number of trees are cut down. 許多樹木被砍伐了。在下列結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語動(dòng)詞的形式和前面的A部分保持一致。togethe

3、r with /along with/with（和一起）besides/but/except（除了之外）A+ as well as（還有）,including （包含） + B rather than（而不是）, in addition to（還有）The boy together with his parents goes to the museum once a week. 那個(gè)男孩同他父母每周一起去一次博物館。表示成對(duì)的名詞(trousers，shoes，glasses，)作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；當(dāng)前面有pair of等單位詞修飾時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于pair等詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。 My

4、 glasses were broken. 我的眼鏡碎了。This pair of trousers is too tight for me. 這條褲子我穿太緊了。由“some of, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, most of ,the rest of, half of”等名詞短語作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)話常與of后的名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致.Half of the apples have been rotten. 一半的蘋果都已腐爛。 the apples 是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Half of the apple has been rotten. 半個(gè)蘋果已腐爛。

5、the apple 是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。none作主語指代不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；指代可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，復(fù)數(shù)都可以。-Is there any milk in the cup?- No，there is none.杯子里有牛奶嗎?沒有，一點(diǎn)也沒有。None of them has / have arrived. 他們之中還沒有人到達(dá)。在倒裝句中，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)和它后面主語的數(shù)保持一致。There comes the bus. 公共汽車過來了。2.意義一致原則:謂語動(dòng)詞的變化由主語所表達(dá)的既念而定。主語為family、class，team, group等集體名詞時(shí),如果側(cè)

6、重一個(gè)整體，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù);如果側(cè)重其中的個(gè)體成員，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。His family are all friendly, so his family is a happy one.他的家人都很友好，因此他的家庭很幸福。時(shí)間、金錢、距離、長(zhǎng)度等名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Two hundred miles is a long distance.兩百英里是一段很長(zhǎng)的距離。有些名詞形式上是單數(shù)，如:people，police, cattle等，但表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，它們作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Cattle provide us with milk and beef. 牛給我們提供牛奶和牛肉。“th

7、e+姓氏名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式”表示“一家/夫婦”,當(dāng)它在句中作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。The Blacks have been in China for five years.布萊克一家已經(jīng)在中國(guó)待了5年了。“the+形容詞/分詞”作主語,表示一類人時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù).The old are taken good care of in this town.這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)上的老人受到很好的照顧。 分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要與它們所指代的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)保持-致。Four fifth of the juice is orange. 4/5的果汁是橙汁。3.就近一致原則在there be 句型中，謂語動(dòng)詞要與緊挨著be的主語保持一致。There is a table and two chairs in the room.There are two chairs and a table in the room.由“or ,eitheror, neithernor, not only but also”等連接兩個(gè)并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與最鄰近的主語的數(shù)保持-致。Either you or he is going to attend the meeting.要么你要么他去參加會(huì)議。Neither my fa