1、大學(xué)體驗(yàn)英語(yǔ)視聽(tīng)說(shuō)教程第四冊(cè)高等教育出版社華中科技大學(xué)UNIT 8Globalization It has been said that arguing against globalizationis like arguing against gravity.Kofi Annan Background InformationUnit OverviewLesson 1Lesson 2Supplementary ReadingAgendaHome listening Globalization is the objective trend of economic development in th

2、e world today, featured by free flow and optimized allocation of capital, technology, information and service in the global context. As a result, economic interdependence and interaction between countries are ing ever stronger. In this unit, students will get to know about the impact of globalizatio

3、n on the automobile industry and foreign investment in China. Listening and speaking activities in this unit will inspire students to reflect on the benefits and problems brought by the trend of globalization. Unit OverviewBackground Information 1.GM General Motors, one of the worlds largest automak

4、ers, traces its roots back to 1908. With its global headquarters in Detroit, GM employs 209,000 people in every major region of the world and does business in some 140 countries. GM and its strategic partners produce cars and trucks in 34 countries, and sell and service these vehicles through the fo

5、llowing brands: Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC, GM Daewoo, Holden, Opel, Vauxhall and Wuling. GMs largest national market is the United States, followed by China, Brazil, the United Kingdom, Canada, Russia and Germany. GMs OnStar subsidiary is the industry leader in vehicle safety, security and inf

6、ormation services. 2. Globalization of the Automobile Industry Today, the modern global automotive industry passes the principal manufacturers, General Motors, Ford, Toyota, Honda, Volkswagen, and Daimler Chrysler, all of which operate in a global competitive marketplace. It is suggested that the gl

7、obalization of the automotive industry has greatly accelerated during the last half of the 1990s due to the construction of important overseas facilities and establishment of mergers between giant multinational automakers. Industry specialists indicate that the origins in the expansion of foreign co

8、mmerce in the automobile industry date back to the technology transfer of Ford Motor Companys mass-production model from the U.S. to Western Europe and Japan following both World Wars I and II. The advancements in industrialization led to significant increases in the growth and production of the Jap

9、anese and German markets, in particular. The second important trend in industrial globalization was the export of fuel efficient cars from Japan to the U.S. as a result of the oil embargo from 1973 to 1974. Increasing global trade has enabled the growth in world commercial distribution systems, whic

10、h has also expanded global competition amongst the automobile manufacturers. Japanese automakers in particular, have instituted innovative production methods by modifying the U.S. manufacturing model, as well as adapting and utilizing technology to enhance production and increase product competition

11、. Lesson OneLead-inAudio studioVideo studioSpeaking workshopProject bulletin Lead-inTask 1Task 2Task 3Task 1 Describing the PictureDescribe the picture first and then discuss the impact of globalization on the automobile industry. What does the picture imply? How does globalization influence our lif

12、e? How does it influence the automobile industry? Task 2 Reflecting on the Reading 1. What structural changes has the auto industry undergone in the past few years? Read through the Supplementary Reading passage on page 224, and answer the following questions.Answer: By forming an alliance with Suzu

13、ki, GM can develop a presence in Asian markets more quickly.Answer: A number of major auto alliance groups have been created. For instance, the GM alliance network includes General Motors, Opel/Vauxhall/ Holden, Saab, Fiat Auto and etc.2. What motivates GM to form alliances with companies such as Su

14、zuki? 3. What benefits can Suzuki gain from the GM-Suzuki alliance? Answer: The tie-up gives Suzuki access to GM advanced technologies, entry to the growing Latin American market, and worldwide component sourcing. 4. What is the key advantage of platform sharing for auto alliance partners?Answer: Th

15、ey can use a common body manufacturing system to produce all the models.5. What is the challenge of platform sharing for auto alliance partners?Answer: The challenge is to make the different models truly unique, so that customers do not feel their purchase is a “l(fā)ook-alike” with another product.Task

16、 3 Expanding Your Vocabulary A. the action of working with someone to produce or create something B. expert skill or knowledge in a particular field C. to introduce new methods, ideas or products D. present a proposal to a person or body for consideration or judgment E. the right or opportunity to u

17、se or benefit from something F. cheaper than others but still of good quality Read through the words in the left-hand column, and match each of them with the appropriate meaning in the right-hand column.1. innovate2. access3. collaboration 4. competitive 5. expertise 6. submitAudio StudioWord Bank1.

18、 evolve 快速發(fā)展 2. chassis 汽車底盤 3. cauldron 大鍋 4. redundancy 過(guò)剩 5. fuel cell (由化學(xué)反應(yīng)直接產(chǎn)生電流的）燃料電池 Task 1Task 2Audio Task 1 Identifying the Gist 1. Why does General Motors recruit talents from all over the world? A) To expand its market in the world. B) To meet the growing need of advanced technology.C) T

19、o collaborate with local auto companies.2. What are the benefits of globalization for GM?Accessing the most advanced technology developed around the world.Reducing redundancy, accelerating ongoing development, and starting new development. Both of the above. Listen to the audio clip, and choose the

20、right answers to the questions.Audio Task 2 Checking the Facts Listen to the audio clip again and fill in the blanks according to what you have heard. Repeat the sentences after you have completed them.Script1. Competitive pressures have forced most companies (and countries) to _ .2. The automobile

21、industry, for example, _ the electronics and computer content on the vehicle.3. During the last decade, to meet the ever-growing need for advanced technology, General Motors has recruited _.4. Today, GMs most advanced research programs, such as the fuel cell technology development, are _.5. _more th

22、an 10 separate projects, GM now has _with clearly defined technology roadmaps for each partner.increase their focus on innovationhas significantly expandeda rich blend of international talentsbeing conducted across several continents Instead of one single program Competitive pressures have forced mo

23、st companies (and countries) to increase their focus on innovation. This pressure to innovate has increased the need for talented engineers and scientists-not only in the rapidly evolving computer and communications industries, but in virtually every other industry as well. The automobile industry,

24、for example, has significantly expanded the electronics and computer content on the vehicle, with applications today ranging from power controls for improved fuel economy and reduced emissions, to enhanced safety systems and chassis controls. During the last decade, to meet the ever-growing need for

25、 advanced technology, General Motors has recruited a rich blend of international talent, with engineers and scientists from North and South America, Europe, the Middle East, China, Taiwan, India, and Korea. This melting pot of technologists has created a bubbling cauldron of exciting ideas that Gene

26、ral Motors is applying to the development of a vast array of product, technology and business innovations. In fact, one of the biggest benefits of globalization for GM has been access to technology being developed around the world. Today, GMs most advanced research programs, such as the fuel cell te

27、chnology development, are being conducted across several continents. By pulling together the talents and resources from its global network, General Motors has been able to reduce redundancy, accelerate ongoing development, and start new development. Its 42-volt electrical architecture program is an

28、excellent example of this kind of global collaboration. It includes all of the GM alliance partners and key suppliers. Instead of more than 10 separate projects, GM now has one single program with clearly defined technology roadmaps for each partner. ScriptVideo StudioWord Bank1. concept car 概念車 2.

29、rationalization合理化 3. sedan (主北美)轎車 4. rear 后部的 Task 1Task 2Task 3Video Task 1 Matching &Predicting1. I think one of the reasons that GM brought these cars here is to start _ Americans _the idea that GM isnt just an American car company they are a global car company. 2. For example, small cars, they

30、re a big deal in Korea, and GM _ them to develop small car platforms.3. And this whole global rationalization thing doesnt just _ engineering. 4. Both Ford and GM now have executives _ their entire global design operations. 5. What we are talking about is _ expertise of different divisions of the co

31、mpanies from different parts of the world.Complete the following statements with the phrases given below. Predict what will be talked about in the video. Then check your answers after watching the video clip.get used toapply toin charge oftap intorely ongetting used torely onapply toin charge oftapp

32、ing intoVideo Task 2 Checking Your ComprehensionWatch the video clip and answer the following questions.1. What did GM introduce Americans to at this years New York Auto Show? Answer: GM introduced Americans three concept cars at this years New York Auto Show.2. What idea does GM try to convey to Am

33、ericans at this show? Answer: GM is a global car company. 3. What do they do now when GM has a big design job? Answer: They now have a competition among design groups from all over the world.4. How does this whole global rationalization apply to in the auto industry? Answer: This whole global ration

34、alization applies to both design and engineering.5. Why does a company tap into its expertise from different parts of the world? Answer: To create the best specific products for the different markets where they fit.Video Task 3 Bridging the Gap Watch this part of the video clip and complete the tabl

35、e.ScriptDesign JobGM Overseas Design Groups1. _1. Opel designers from _2. _ Buick LaCrosse2. _designers3. _3. Expertise from _4._4. Expertise from _5. _5. Expertise from _the new look for sedanChinathe next generationChineserear-wheel driven engineeringAustraliasmall SUVssmall carsBrazilKoreaScriptA

36、nchor: At this years New York Auto Show, GM introduced Americans to three concept cars that were designed in Korea. On this weeks “What Works”, s Peter Valdes Dapena says we should get ready for more international flavor from Detroits automakers. Peter: Im here at the New York Auto Show, and behind

37、me are three small car concept vehicles. These cars were designed in Korea by one of GMs 11 global design centers. And I think one of the reasons that GM brought these cars here is to start getting Americans used to the idea that GM isnt just an American car company they are a global car company. An

38、d if theyre gonna be competitive here in America, they need to start bringing in the expertise of some of those overseas divisions here to the US. For example, small cars, theyre a big deal in Korea, and GM relies on them to develop small car platforms. Theyre gonna be used not just here, but all ov

39、er the world. Script And this whole global rationalization thing doesnt just apply to engineering. It also applies to design. Both Ford and GM now have executives in charge of their entire global design operations. And when GM has a big design job, they now have a competition among design groups fro

40、m all over the world. When they needed the new look for Saturn, and the folks that won the job were Opel designers from Europe. And when they needed the new look for the next generation Buick LaCrosse, Chinese designers actually submitted some very nice ideas. So, the next Buick LaCrosse that comes

41、out may have an interior with a lot of influence from Chinese designers. What I am not talking about here is the world car. Thats the idea that youre gonna have, one car youre gonna build and sell it everywhere in the world. We pretty much know that doesnt work too well anymore. What we are talking

42、about is tapping into expertise of different divisions of a company from different parts of the worldfor example, rear-wheel drive engineering from Australia, maybe small SUVs from Brazil and small cars from Koreataking that engineering expertise, combining it with the best possible design no matter

43、 where in the world that happens to come from, and putting all that together to create the best specific products you can for the different markets where they fit. . Speaking WorkshopExpressions & Structures to Usecontrary toin the midst ofin additionhave access to5impose on akin toin effect get use

44、d toapply toin charge oftap into rely oncombine with Task 1Task 2Speaking Task 1 SummarizingDiscuss with your peers and complete the following tips with the information you have learned in the audio and video clips. Then prepare an oral presentation with the help of the tips. Tips: introduces get us

45、ed to the idea that has brought in expertise not only apply to.but also competition among tap into expertise of combinewith Speaking Task 1 SummarizingSummary: At this years New York Auto show, GM introduces Americans to three small concept cars designed in Korea, hoping that they would get used to

46、the idea that GM is a global company. In order to be competitive, GM has brought in expertise from all over the world. This sort of global rationalism not only applies to engineering but also applies to design. When GM has a big design job, they will have a competition among design groups from all o

47、ver the world. By going global, GM is able to tap into expertise of different divisions of the companies from different parts of the world. As a result, GM will combine engineering expertise with the best possible design in the world to create the best specific products for the different markets tha

48、t where they fit. Speaking Task 2 Solving the ProblemWork with your peerson the situation below and try to come up with a solution to the problem described. You are expected to share your ideas and justify yourself in this process. Use as many phrases from the “Expressions & Structures to Use” box a

49、s possible.SituationWork in groups of four. One student should act as an overseas businessman, and the others should act as local businessmen or government officials in charge of foreign investment. The overseas businessman would like to invest in your city and turn to the other three for advice on

50、how to do business in China.Speaking Task 2 Solving the ProblemWork with your peerson the situation below and try to come up with a solution to the problem described. You are expected to share your ideas and justify yourself in this process. Use as many phrases from the “Expressions & Structures to

51、Use” box as possible.Situation2. You have 15 minutes to discuss within your own group. 3. Several groups will be selected to present their role plays. The rest of the class will vote for the one they feel happiest support in each groups performance.Teamwork ShowWork on the following real-life projec

52、t with your group members and present your report in the next class.Real-Life Project Companies in globalization have to e differences in culture, language, and business practices; hence, they usually need help from local consultancy services. As a workgroup from the Horizon Consulting Company, you

53、are assigned to conduct a research on the preferences of the female college students to skin care products. Your research will help a transnational cosmetics company to make decisions when introducing their product to the Chinese market. Design a questionnaire which can gather the information in thi

54、s respect and conduct surveys as well. Draw your conclusion and write a report based on the data you have collected. Then present the report in the next class.Project BulletinAlternative ProjectRole play a live news conference to launch the first album of a pop singer who claims to be most Chinese a

55、nd the most international. One group member should act as the singer, one as his/her agent, one as the host, and others as correspondents. In this drama, you are required to represent how the album mingles creatively the Chinese heritage with the western innovation. Project BulletinLesson TwoLead-in

56、Audio StudioVideo StudioSpeaking WorkshopTeamwork ShowLead-inTask 1Task 2Task 1 BrainstormingWork in pairs and think about the following questions. Share your opinions with your peers. Increased globalization has brought the world vast investment space in China. What benefits can foreign investors g

57、ain from doing business in China?What obstacles are foreign-funded companies likely to encounter when doing business in China?Task 2 Expanding Your VocabularyRead through the words in the left-hand column, and match each of them with the appropriate meaning in the right-hand column. 1.appealing A.re

58、lating to the essential nature of something or the crucial point about an issue. 2.implement B.attractive or interesting 3.assessC.the introduction of new ideas or methods 4.innovationD.to actively encourage 5.apply E.to grant a license to (sb. or sth.) to allow an activity to take place 6.fundament

59、al F.to put (a decision, plan, agreement, etc.) into effect 7.licenseG.to evaluate or estimate the nature, ability, or quality of 8.promoteH.to have an effect on Audio StudioWord Bankflexible 靈活的presence 存在adaptability 適應(yīng)性foresight 先見(jiàn)之明bond 情感紐帶Task 1Task 2Audio Task 1 Identifying the Gist 1. What i

60、s the audio clip mainly about? A) Reasons why China es an appealing market to foreign investors.B) Reasons why some foreign-funded enterprises perform well in China.C) Reasons why foreign-funded enterprises succeed in the global economy. 2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about foreign-funde