1、Airport, Runway and Taxiway Signs, Markings and LightingWhy do we need to learn about airport signs and lighting?If tower tells you to hold short of taxiway alpha, you need to know where that is or you could cause a collision hazardThe signs, markings, and lights tell you where runways are, help you

2、 avoid collision hazards and are very helpful at nightIt will make your life easier if you understand it allObjectives Airport signsTaxiway markings and lightsRunway markings and lightsApproach lightingTaxiways Used to transition from parking areas to the runwayTaxiway markings and lightingTaxiways

3、are identified by a continuous yellow centerline stripeTaxiway markings and lightingMight have taxiway edge markersDone if the edge of the taxiway is different than the edge of the pavementContinuous yellow line or lines mean the paved shoulder cant be used by an airplaneDashed line means the plane

4、can use the shoulderTaxiway markings and lightingWhere the taxiway meets the runway, there might be a hold short lineConsists of 2 solid lines and 2 dashed linesCan cross the dashed lines but not the solidTaxiway markings and lightingTaxiway edge lights are omnidirectional blueSome airports have tax

5、iway centerline lights that are greenAirport signs6 types of signs youre going to seeDestination signsLocation signsDirection signsInformation signsMandatory instruction signsRunway distance remaining signsDestination signsYellow background with black letters and arrowsProvides info on locating thin

6、gs like runways, terminals, or cargo areasLocation signsBlack with a yellow inscription and yellow borderUsed to identify a taxiway or runway location Yellow on black tells you where youre atDirection signsYellow background with black lettersIdentifies the designation of the intersecting taxiways le

7、ading out of an intersection or exiting a runwayInformation signsYellow background with black lettersProvide the pilot with info like noise abatement procedures, or areas that cant be seen from the towerInstalled as neededMandatory instruction signsRed background with a white inscriptionDenote an en

8、trance to a runway, critical area or a prohibited areaMandatory instruction signsRunway distance remaining signsBlack background with a white numberMight be on one side or both sides of the runwayIndicates distance in thousands of feet of landing runway remainingRunway markingsWind affects takeoff a

9、nd landing performance so runways are laid out according to the prevailing windDistinguished by a runway number and letterRunway numbers are in reference to magnetic northMay have 2 or 3 runways going the same directionCalled parallel runwaysRunway markingsA basic VFR runway may only have centerline

10、 markings and runway numbersOther markings will be more important for instrument proceduresRunway markingsThreshold helps identify the beginning of the runway available for landingMight be 8 stripes no matter the widthMight tell you the width of the runwayMultiply the number of stripes by 12.5 to ge

11、t runway widthRunway WidthNumber of Stripes60 feet (18 m)475 feet (23 m)6100 feet (30 m)8150 feet (45 m)12200 feet (60 m)16TBL 2-3-2Number of Runway Threshold StripesDisplaced thresholdAvailable for taxi, takeoff, and landing rolloutNot to be used for landingMakes landing runway shorterDisplaced thr

12、esholdChevrons show pavement that is unusable for taxi, takeoff, and landingRunway lightingRunway edge lightsUsed to outline the edges of the runway at night or during low visibility operationsWhite lights3 classes of lightsHIRL: high intensity runway lightsMIRL: medium intensity runway lightsLIRL:

13、low intensity runway lightsLights may be pilot controlled7 keys in 5 sec for HIRL5 keys in 5 sec for MIRL3 keys in 5 sec for LIRLRunway lightingRunway centerline lights are spaced at 50 foot intervals starting 75 feet from the landing thresholdWhite lightsVisual glideslope indicatorsWay to know if w

14、ere too high or low on finalTypical glideslope is 3 degrees300 feet/nautical mile4 kinds of indicators PAPIVASITri color VASIPulsating VASIPrecision approach path indicator (PAPI)Want equal numbers of white and red for 3 degree glideslopeI flew a steeper glideslope so I wanted 3 white and 1 redWhite

15、 indicates being too highRed shows if youre lowVisual approach slope indicator (VASI)Similar to a PAPI but with 2 or 3 rows of lightsLook for equal numbers of white and red for 3 degreesTri color VASITricky because the transition from green to red appears amberSome might think theyre too high and de

16、scend when theyre actually becoming too lowPulsating VASIRunway end identifier lights (REIL)Synchronized flashing white lights located on either side of the runwayAllows quick identification of the approach end of the runwayTaxiway lead off lightsAlternating green and yellowHelp you transition from

17、the runway to the taxiwayQuestions?Review Can I cross this line?No What if its dashed?Yes Review Can I cross on the dashed side?Yes How about the solid side?No, not until getting clearanceReview What can I use this displaced threshold for?Taxi, takeoff, landing rolloutHow about this displaced thresh

18、old?NothingReview What is this sign?Runway distance remaining signReview What is this sign?Location signHow do we remember this sign?Yellow on black tells you where youre atReview What is this sign?Destination signReview Whats this sign?Direction signReview Whats this sign?Mandatory instruction signReview Whats this sign?Information signReview What color are taxiway edge lights?Blue How about taxiway centerline lights?Green Review What color are runway edge lights?White How many ti