1、International Logistics 1Cargo preference 貨物優先運送Certificate of origin 產地來源證Commercial invoice 商業發票Customhouses brokers 報關經紀人Embargoes 禁運Export management company 出口管理公司Export packers 出口包裝公司Import quotas 進口配額2Incoterms 2000 2000年國際貿易術語解釋通則IATA 國際航空運輸協會International freight forwarders 國際貨運代理Internatio

2、nal logistics 國際物流Letter of credit 信用證Load center 裝載中心Nontariff barrier 非關稅壁壘NVOCC 無船公共承運人3Ocean carrier alliance 遠洋承運人協會SED 托運人出口申報單SLI 托運人托運聲明書Shipping conferences 航運公會Short sea shipping 短途海運Tariffs 關稅Terms of payment 支付條款Terms of sale 銷售條款4To identify the reasons for governmental intervention in

3、the area of international trade To examine international documentation as well as terms of sale and payment To distinguish among the unique activities of international trade specialistsTo examine transportation and inventory considerations in international distribution5 5International logisticsExpor

4、ts a portion of a product made or grownImports raw materials or manufactured productsGoods are partially assembled in one country and then shipped to another, where they are further assembled or processedA nations domestic commerce crosses foreign borders, often in bond6 6More costlyDocumentation re

5、quirementGreater distancesMore challengingEconomic conditions Regulations, laws, and legal systems Cultural consideration7 78 81 Government influences on foreign trade2 Documentation 3 Terms of sale and payment4 International trade and supply chain specialists 5 International trade inventories lPoli

6、tical restrictions on tradelTariffslNontariff barriers lImport quota lHealth and safety lEmbargoes 9 9lGovernments role in international transportInternational carriage is an export to the nation operating the carrier-affects balance of paymentsInternational fleets and airlines may be subsidizedLarg

7、e nations must protect their flag carriers interests101011111 Government influences on foreign trade2 Documentation 3 Terms of sale and payment4 International trade and supply chain specialists 5 International trade inventories lCertificate of origin lSpecifies the country in which a product is manu

8、factured and can be required by governments for control purposes or by an exporter to verify the location of manufacturelCommercial invoice lSummarizes the entire transaction and contains key information to include a description of the goods, the terms of sale and payment, the shipment quantity, the

9、 method of shipment1212lShippers export declaration (SED)lContains relevant export transaction data such as the transportation mode, transaction participants, and description of what is being exportedlBasis for a countrys official export statisticslShippers letter of instruction (SLI)lOften accompan

10、ies an SED and provides explicit shipment instructionslWhich parties should receive which documents, the method or route of shipment, what types of insurance to purchase, which insurance company to use 131314141 Government influences on foreign trade2 Documentation 3 Terms of sale and payment4 Inter

11、national trade and supply chain specialists 5 International trade inventories lTerms of SaleIncoterms 20001515EX-Works (EXW)FCA (Free Carrier)FAS (Free Alongside Ship)FOB (Free on Board)CFR (Cost and Freight)CPT (Carriage Paid To)CIF (Cost, Insurance, and Freight)CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To)

12、DES (Delivered Ex Ship)DEQ (Delivered Ex Quay)DAF (Delivered at Frontier)DDP (Delivered Duty Paid)DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid)16161 Government influences on foreign trade2 Documentation 3 Terms of sale and payment4 International trade and supply chain specialists 5 International trade inventories Int

13、ernational Freight ForwardersAdvising on acceptance of letters of creditBooking space on carriersPreparing an export declarationPreparing an air waybill or bill of ladingObtaining consular documentsArranging for InsurancePreparing and sending shipping notices and documentsServing as general consulta

14、nt on export matters1717Customs house brokersNonvessel-operating common carrier (NVOCC)Export management companyExport packers1818Transportation considerations in international distributionOcean shippingShipping conferences and alliancesInternational airfreightSurface transport in other countries191920201 Government influences on foreign trade2 Documentation 3 Terms of sale and payment4 International trade and supply chain specialists 5 International trade inventories Less is needed (than in U.S.) to serve any one countryRetur