1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上I. Old English Literature & the Late Medieval Ages <Beowulf>貝奧武夫:the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons  Geoffrey Chaucer 杰弗里喬叟1340(?)1400 The father of English poetry. <The Canterbury Tales>坎特伯雷故事集：first time to use heroic couplet(雙韻體)

2、by middle English<Troilus and Criseyde>特羅伊拉斯和克萊希德 <The House of Fame>聲譽(yù)之宮II The Renaissance PeriodA period of drama and poetry. The Elizabethan drama is the real mainstream of the English Renaissance.Renaissance: the activity, spirit, or time of the great revival of art, literature, and

3、learning in Europe beginning in the 14th century and extending to the 17th century, marking the transition from the medieval to the modern world.Three historical events of the Renaissance rebirth or revival:1. new discoveries in geography and astrology2. the religious reformation and economic expans

4、ion3. rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek cultureThe most famous dramatists: Christopher MarloweWilliam ShakespeareBen Johnson.William Shakespeare威廉莎士比亞15641616l  Historical plays: Henry VI 亨利六世; Henry IV : Richard III 查理三世; Henry V ；Richard II；Henry VIIIFour Comedies: <As You Like I

5、t>皆大歡喜; <Twelfth Night>第十二夜; < A Midsummer NightS Dream>仲夏夜之夢; <Merchant Of Venice>威尼斯商人Four Tragedies: <Hamlet>哈姆萊特; <Othello>奧賽羅; <King Lear>李爾王; <Macbeth>麥克白Shakespeare Sonnet :154 <The Sonnets> Three quatrain and one couplet, ababcdcdefefgg A so

6、nnet is a lyric consisting of 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameter restricted to a definition rhyme scheme. the comedy of errors 錯中錯， Titus Andronicus泰特斯·安特洛尼克斯，The Taming of the shrew 馴悍記 Love's labour's lost （愛的徒勞）Romeo and Juliet 羅密歐與朱麗葉 Much ado about nothing（無事生非）The merry wives

7、of Windsor. 溫莎的風(fēng)流娘們 King John 約翰王All's well that ends well 終成眷屬 Measure for measure（一報(bào)還一報(bào)）Bacon: Of Studies; Of Beauty; Of Marriage and Single Life English Bourgeois Revolution，<The Advancement of Learning>學(xué)術(shù)的推進(jìn)III：the period of the English bourgeois revolution. Milton：16081674Paradise Los

8、t; Samson Agonistes (力士參孫); On the morning of Christs Nativity，<Paradisen Regained>復(fù)樂園<On His Blindness>我的失明<Areopagitica>論出版自由n<The Defence of the English People>為英國人民聲辯Bunyan: 16281688Religionary Allegory:<The Pilgrims Progress>天路歷程nGrace Abounding to the Chief of Sin

9、ner; the Holy WarJohn Don: the Metaphysical poet(玄學(xué)派詩人).Metaphysical Poetry(玄學(xué)詩)：（用語）the diction is simple, the imagery is from the actual, (形式)the form is frequently an argument with the poets beloved, with god, or with himself.（主題：love, religious, thought）The Flea; 跳蚤 Forbbiding Mourning， Songs An

10、d Sonnets歌與十四行詩，emergent occasions 突變引起的誠念 Hely sonnetsIV The 18th Century：Enlightenment A revival of interest in the old classical works, order, logic, restrained emotion(抑制情感) and accuracyThe Age of Enlightenment/Reason: the movement was a furtherance of the Renaissance of the 15th and 16th centri

11、es, a progressive intellectual movement, reason(rationality), equality&science(the 18th century)小說崛起：In the mid-century, the newly literary form, modern English novel rised(realistic novel現(xiàn)實(shí)主義小說)Gothic novel(哥特式小說)：mystery, horror, castles(from middle part to the end of century)Jonathan Swift喬納森

12、斯威夫特16671745（十八世紀(jì)杰出的政論家和諷刺小說家a master satirist。） <Gullivers Travels>格列佛游記(fictional work) Four parts: Lilliput 小人國 Brobdingnag 大人國 Flying Island 飛島 Houyhnhnm 馬島<A Modest Proposal>一個小小的建議n <The Battle of Books>書戰(zhàn) <A Tale of a Tub>木桶的故事n <The Drappers Letters>一個麻布商的書信 Bic

13、kerstaff Almanac 比克斯塔福歷書Daniel Defoe丹尼爾笛福16601731（小說家，新聞記者，小冊子作者；十八世紀(jì)英國現(xiàn)實(shí)主義小說的奠基人。）lHe is the first writer study of the lower-class people, his language is smooth, easy, colloquial and mostly vernacular, and he is the founder of realistic novel. <Robinsonn Crusoe>魯賓遜漂流記It praise the fortitude

14、of the human labor and the Puritan. Robinson grew from a naive and artless youth into a shrewd and hardened man,tempered by numerous trials in his eventful life. It is an adventure story, Robinson, narrates how he goes to sea, gets shipwrecked and marooned on a lonely island, struggles to live for 2

15、4-years there and finally gets relieved and returns to England. <Moll Flanders> <Colonel Jacque> <Captain singleton> 辛格頓船長Henry Fielding亨利菲爾丁17071754The funder of the English realistic world He is called “Father of English novel”. He was the first to write a “Comic epic in prose”(散

16、文體史詩), and the first to give the modern novel its structure and style. novels:<The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling>棄嬰湯姆瓊斯<The History of the Adventures of Joseph Andrews>約瑟夫安德魯<The Life of Mr Jonathan Wild, the Great>大詩人江奈生威爾德<Amelia>愛米利亞n plays:<The Historical Register

17、for 1736>一七三六年歷史記事<Don Quixote in England>堂吉柯德在英國nWilliam Blake威廉布萊克17571827 <Songs of Innocence>天真之歌 A happy and innocent world from childrens eye. <Songs of Experience>經(jīng)驗(yàn)之歌 A word of misery, poverty, disease, war and repression with a melancholy tone from men eyes.Include: <

18、;The Chimney Sweeper> 掃煙囪的小孩<London><The Tyger> Lamb is a symbol of peace and purity Tyger is a symbol of dread and oiolence <The Marriage of Heaven and Hell>天堂與地獄的婚姻nRobert Burns羅伯特彭斯17591796 The greatest Scottish poet in the late 18th century.Poems Chiefly in the Scottish Dial

19、ect主要用蘇格蘭方言寫的詩 <John Anderson, My Jo>約翰安德生，我的愛人，Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect，蘇格蘭抒情歌謠集 <A Red, Red Rose>一朵紅紅的玫瑰n <Auld Longn Syne> 友誼地久天長 <A Mans a Man for AThat>不管那一套n <My Hearts in then Highlands>我的心在那高原上 <Bruce At Bannockburn> <The Tree Of Liberty> 自由樹

20、Farewell to Scotland 再見蘇格蘭V The Romantic Period The romantic period began in 1798 the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridges <Lyrical Ballads>, and end in 1832 with Sir Walter Scotts death. Romanticism:It emphasize the specialqualitie of each individuals mind.(人應(yīng)該是獨(dú)立自由的個體) In it, emotion ove

21、r reason, spontaneous emotion, a change from the outer world of social civilization to the inner world of the human spirit, poetry should be free from all rules, imagination, nature, commonplace.Two major novelists of the Romantic period are Jane Austen (realistic) and Walter Scott (romantic).“The L

22、ake Poets”湖畔詩人，who lived in the lake district. William Wordsworth; Samuel Taylor Coleridge; Robert SoutheyWilliam Wordsworth威廉華茲華斯17701850 <Lyrical Ballads>抒情歌謠集(with Samuel Taylor Coleridge) <I Wondered Lonely As A Cloud> My Heart Leaps up When I Behold，Above Tintern Abbey; Intimations

23、of Immortality Lines Composed A Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey The Solitary Reaper孤獨(dú)的割麥女 <The Prelude>序曲George Gordon Byron喬治戈登拜倫17881824（拜倫式英雄Byronic heroes孤傲、狂熱、浪漫，卻充滿了反抗精神。內(nèi)心充滿了孤獨(dú)與苦悶，卻又蔑視群小。恰爾德哈羅德是拜倫詩歌中第一個“拜倫式英雄”。）l “Byronic hero” is a proud, mysterious rebel figure of noble origin, against

24、tyrannical rules or moral principles. <Don Juan>唐璜<Childe Harolds Pilgrimage>恰爾德哈羅德爾游記<Cain>該隱 <When We Two Parted>當(dāng)初我們倆分別 <She Walks In Beauty> My Soul is Dark; The First Kiss of Love;Persy Bysshe Shelley波西比希雪萊17921822 Poetic Drama：<Prometheus Unbound>解放了的普羅米修斯 T

25、heme: the drama celebraies mans victory over tyranny and oppression <Queen Mab>麥布女王 <Revolt of Islam>伊斯蘭的反叛 <The Cenci>欽契一家<A Defence of Poetry>詩辯 <The Necessity of Atheism>無神論的必要性 Lyrics: <Ode to the West Wind>西風(fēng)頌 Love's Philosophy; The Cloud; To a Skylark(致云

26、雀); Johnl Keats約翰濟(jì)慈17951821 (“美即是真，真即是美”是他的著名詩句。) Four great odes: <Ode on a Grecian Urn>希臘古甕頌 <Ode to a Nightingale>夜鶯頌<Ode to Psyche>心靈頌 <Ode On Melancholy> 憂郁頌 <To Autumn>秋頌n Isabella VI The Victorian Period 1832-1900 English Critical Realism(Victorian Era)Common sen

27、se and moral propreity, again became the predominant preoccupation. Critical realists were all concerned about the fate of the common people and everyday events.Charles Dickens查爾斯狄更斯18121870（批判現(xiàn)實(shí)主義小說家）the greatest representative of English critical realist writer <The Posthumous Papers of the Pic

28、kwick Club>匹克威克外傳 <Oliver Twist>奧利弗特維斯特（霧都孤兒） <The Old Curiosity Shop>老古玩店 <A Christmas Carol>圣誕頌歌 <Dombey and Son>董貝父子 <David Copperfield>大衛(wèi)科波菲爾 <Bleak House>荒涼山莊<Hard Times>艱難時世 <A Tale of Two Cities>雙城記(London & Paris) <Great Expectations&

29、gt;遠(yuǎn)大前程 <Our Mutual Friend>我們共同的朋友 Sketches by Boz; American Notes 美國札記 William Makepeace Thackeray威廉麥克匹斯薩克雷18111863<Vanity Fair> or a Novel without a Hero名利場(the name is an excerpt from <The Pilgrims Progress>by John Bunyan)<The Book Of Snobs> Cox's Diary庸人之書Jane Austen簡

30、奧斯丁17751817lShe compared her works to a fine engraving upon a literary piece of ivory only inches squire. <Sense and Sensibility>理智與感情<Pride and Prejudic> 傲慢與偏見<Mansfield Park>曼斯菲爾德莊園 <Emma>愛瑪<Northanger Abbey>諾桑覺寺 <Persuasion>勸導(dǎo)Charlotte Bronte夏洛蒂勃朗特18161855 <

31、Jane Eyre>簡愛 <Shirley>雪莉 <Professor>教師 Emily Bronte艾米莉勃朗特18181854 < Wutheringn Heights>呼嘯山莊 < Old Stoic>George Eliot喬治艾略特18191880l <The Mill on the Floss>弗洛斯河上的磨坊 < Adamn Bede>亞當(dāng)比德 < Silasn Marner>織工馬南 < Middlemarch>米德爾馬契Mid and Late 19th CenturyRob

32、ert Browning羅伯特白朗寧18121889 < My Last Dutchess>我已故的公爵夫人 < Home Thoughts From Abroad>海外鄉(xiāng)思Men and Women; Dramatic Lyrics; Pippa Paaaes; The Ring and the Book; Elizabeth Barrett Browing: <Sonnet from the Portuguese>葡萄牙十四行詩Christina. G. Rossetti: 1830-1894 Seek and Find; A Story for Gir

33、ls; Song; A BirthdayVII 19001950 The 20th CenturyPlaywrights Oscar Wilde George Bernard ShawHenrry James: the wings of a dove; a portrait of a women; Daisy Miller; the ambassadors; the golden bowlGeorge Bernard Shaw喬治伯納蕭18561950(英國杰出的批判現(xiàn)實(shí)主義劇作家）critical realistic dramatist Plays Unpleasant <Mrs Wa

34、rrenS Profession>華倫夫人的職業(yè) <Widowers Houses>鰥夫的房產(chǎn) Plays Pleasant <Arms And Man>武器與人 <The Man Of Destiny>左右命運(yùn)的人Plays <Man And Superman>人與超人 <Pygmalion>匹格瑪利翁 <The Apple Cart>蘋果車<Saintn Joan>圣女貞德 Heartbreak House.Thomasl Hardy托馬斯哈代18401928（小說多以農(nóng)村生活為背景；自然主義小說家。

35、Wessex novels; novels of character and environment） Novels < Tess Of The DUrbervilles>德伯家的苔絲 Theme:experience is as to intensity, and not as to duration < Jude The Obscure>無名的裘德 < Under The Greenwood Tree>綠蔭下 < Far Fromn The Madding Crowd>遠(yuǎn)離塵囂 < The Mayor Of Casterbridge&g

36、t;卡斯特橋市長 < The Return of the Native>還鄉(xiāng) Poems ： Wessex Poems And Other Verses ， Poems Of The Past And PresentThe Dynasts 列國 Oscar Wilde奧斯卡王爾德18561900 salome （The Aesthetic Movement: Art for Arts Sake） 4 Comedies:<The Importance Of Being Earnest>認(rèn)真的重要 <Lady Windermeres Fan>溫德米爾夫人的扇子&

37、lt;A Woman Of No Importance>一個無足輕重的女人<An Ideal Husband>理想的丈夫 Novel: <The Picture Of Dorian Gray>多利安格雷的畫像 Fairy Stories: <The Happy Prince And Other Tales>快樂王子故事集 The Truth Of Masks.William Butlerl Yeats威廉勃特勒葉茨18651939（愛爾蘭詩人，劇作家； The Irish nationalist movement 愛爾蘭獨(dú)立運(yùn)動； The Irish

38、Literary Revival 愛爾蘭文藝復(fù)興； The Irish Literary Theater, or the Abbey Theater 愛爾蘭民族劇團(tuán)） collections <The Wind Among The Reeds> 葦風(fēng) <Responsibilities> 責(zé)任 <The Tower> 塔 <The Winding Stair> 旋轉(zhuǎn)的樓梯 Poems <Easter 1916>復(fù)活節(jié)，1916<The Second Coming> 第二次來臨/再世 <Sailing To Byzan

39、tium> 到拜占庭航行When You are Old; The Lake Isle of Innisfree;Thomas Sterns Eliot（詩人，劇作家，批評家） Poems <The Waste Land> <Four Quartets>四個四重奏 <The Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock> Plays <Murder In The Cathedral> 大教堂謀殺案Morning at the Window; David Herbert Lawrence戴維赫伯特勞倫斯18851930 Mo

40、dernist<Sons And Lovers>兒子與情人(autobiographical)<The Rainbow>虹n<Women In Love>戀愛中的女人 <Lady Chatterleys Lover>查特萊夫人的情人Jamesl Joyce詹姆斯喬伊斯18821941 Modernist（愛爾蘭小說家，意識流小說的代表人物）stream-of-consciousness<Ulysses>尤利西斯(S_O_C)<A Portrait Of The Artist As A Young Man>一個青年藝術(shù)家的肖像<Finnegans Wake>芬尼根的蘇醒<Dubliners>都柏林人Virginia Woolf弗吉尼婭沃爾芙18821941 Modernist（意識流小說的代表人物）stream-of-consciousness Novels <Mrsn Dalloway>達(dá)