1、2018年高考試題新聞廣告類112018全國I,AWashington,D.C.BicycleToursCherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.DurationTour-thecherryThissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseeaworld-famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington,D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.

2、Reserveyourspotbeforeavailabilityblossomsdisappear!WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTourDuration:3hours(4miles)JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington,D.C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbi

3、ke,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.CapitalCityBikeTourInWashington,D.C.Duration:3hoursMorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.Knowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemost,interestingstoriesaboutPresident

4、s,Congress,memorials,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路線)makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTourDuration:3hours(7miles)JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D.C.Getupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyourbikethesit

5、esofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.21. Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?A. CherryBlossomlikeTourinWashington,D.C.B. Washingtoncapita

6、lMonumentsBicycleTour.C. CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.D. WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.22. WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?A.Meetfamouspeople.B.Gotoanationalpark.C.Visitwell-knownmuseums.D.Enjoyinterestingstories.23. Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?A.Citym

7、aps.B.Cameras.C.MealsD.Safetylights【答案】21.A22.D23.D【解析】本文是一篇廣告應用文。文章介紹了騎自行車到Washington,D.C.旅游的四中路線的相關行程及注意事項。21 .細節理解題。根據文章CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.中的Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability可知，這個騎行項目需要提前預約。故選A。22 .細節理解題。根據文章CapitalCityBikeTourInWashington,D.C.中的Knowledgeableguideswillentertain

8、youwiththemost,interestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.可知，在這個活動中，你可以享受有趣的故事。故選D。23 .細節理解題。根據文章WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour中的Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.可知，所有騎行者都要裝備反光背心和安全手電筒。故選D。點睛：本篇文章最容易出錯的題是21題，究其原因是不熟悉詞匯reserve的詞義：預約。inadvance意為：提前。因此

9、，高考前熟悉詞匯和短語是重中之重的事情。Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability-andthecherryblossoms在有效I麻sappea失前預約。212018全國II,ASummerActivitiesschoices.Studentsshouldreadthelistwiththeirparents/careers,andselecttwoactivitiestheywouldliketodo.Formswillbeavailableinschoolandonlineforthemtoindicatetheirchoicesandreturntoschool

10、.Beforechoicesarefinalised,parents/careerswillbeaskedtosigntoconfirmtheirchildActivityDescriptionMemberofstaffCostOutdoorAdventure(OUT)Takeyourselfoutofyourcomfortzoneforaweek,discovernewpersonalqualities,andlearnnewskills.YouwillbeabletotakepartinanumberofactivitiesfromcanoeingtowildcampingonDartmo

11、or.Learnrockclimbingandworkasateam,andenjoythegreatoutdoorenvironment.Mr.Clemens£140WWIBattlefieldsandParis(WBP)OnMondaywetraveltoLondon.AfterstayingovernightinLondon,wetravelonDay2tonorthernFrancetovisittheWorldWarIbattlefields.OnDay3wecrossintoBelgium.ThursdayseesusmaketheshortjourneytoParisw

12、hereMrs.Milson£425wewillvisitDisneylandParispark,stayinguntillatetoseetheparadeandthefireworks.Ourfinalday,Friday,seesusvisitcentralParisandtourthemainsights.CraftyFoxes(CRF)Fourdaysofproductdesigncentredaroundtextiles.Makinglovelyobjectsusingrecycledandmadematerials.Bags,cushionsanddecorations

13、.Learnskillsandleavewithmodernandunusualtextiles.Mrs.Goode£30PottyaboutPotter(POT)VisitWarnerBrosStudio,shopstoptobuypicnic,stayovernightinanapprovedYouthHostelinStreatley-on-Thames,guidedtourofOxfordtoseetheMissDrake£150filmlocations,picniclunchoutsideOxford'sChristchurch,boatingonthe

14、RiverCherwellthroughtheUniversityParks,beforeheadingbacktoExeter.21. Whichactivitywillyouchooseifyouwanttogocamping?A.OUT.B.WBP.C.CRF.D.POT.22. WhatwillthestudentsdoonTuesdaywithMrs.Wilson?A. TraveltoLondon.B. Seeaparadeandfireworks.C. TourcentralParis.D. VisittheWWIbattlefields.23. HowlongdoesPotty

15、aboutPotterlast?A.Twodays.B.Fourdays.C.Fivedays.D.Oneweek.【答案】21.A22.D23.A【解析】本文是一篇廣告布告類說明文。文中講述了家長和孩子一起挑選可以參加的活動。文中分別對這些活動的名稱，活動內容，活動特色和活動組織工作人員還有活動的價格進行了詳細的描述。21 .細節理解題。根據題干中的gocamping,我們可以迅速瀏覽到第一個活動當中的wildcamping（野外露營）這個關鍵信息。故選A。22 .細節理解題。根據題干中的withWilson,我們可以鎖定第二個活動，根據OnMondaywetraveltoLondon.Af

16、terstayingovernightinLondon,wetravelonDay2tonorthernFrancetovisittheWorldWarIbattlefields.可知，星期一是去往倫敦并在倫敦住一夜，第二天也就是星期二到法國北部去參觀一戰的戰場，故選D。23 .細節理解題。根據題干中的信息PottyaboutPotterlast我們從最后一種活動來尋找答案。關鍵信息overnight意為"夜的逗留故這個活動是持續兩天。故選A。點睛：做廣告布告類說明文題型時一定要先看題干，再從文中找答案。我們可以清楚的看到:這三道題是互相之間沒有聯系的并且都是根據題干中的關鍵信息就可

17、以鎖定某一段落直接找答案的。3【2018全國III,AWelcometoHolkerHall&GardensVisitorInformationHowtoGettoHolkerByCar：FollowbrownsignsanA590fromJB6,M6.Approximaletraveltimes:Windermere-20minutes,Kendal-25minutes,Lancaster-45minutes,Manchester-Ihour30minutes.z.x.xkByRail:TheneareststationisCark-in-CartmelwithtrainstoCar

18、nforth,LancasterPrestonforconnectionstomajorcities&airports.OpeningTimesSunday-Friday(closedonSaturday)11:00am-4:00pm,30March-2ndNovember.AdmissionChargesHall&GardensGardensAdults:£12.0088.00Groups£9£5.5Producers:Market13thAprilJoinustotasteavarietyoffreshlocalfoodanddrinks.Me

19、ettheproducersandgetsomeexcellentrecipeideas.HolkerGardenFestival30thMayTheeventcelebrateits22ndanniversarywithagreatshowoftheverybestofgardening,makingitoneofthemostpopulareventsingardening.NationalGardenDay28thAugustHolkeronceagainopensisgardensinaidofthedisadvantaged.Forjustasmalldonationyoucanta

20、keatourwithourgardenguide.WinterMarket8thNovemberThisisaneventforallthefamily.Wanderamongavarietyofshopssellinggifswhileenjoyingalivemusicshowandnicestreetentertainment.21 .HowlongdoesitprobablytakeatouristtodrivetoHolkerfromManchester?A.20minutes.B.25minutes.C.45minutes.D.90minutes.22 .Howmuchshoul

21、damemberofatourgrouppaytovisittoHall&Cardens?A.£l2.00.B.99.00.C.88.0D.55.5023 .Whicheventwillyougotoifyouwanttoseealivemusicshow?A.Producers'Market.B.HolkerGardenFestival.C.NationalGardenDay.D.WinterMarket.【答案】21.D22.B23.D【解析】文章為旅游指南。文章主要介紹了去HolkerHall&Garden旅游的相關信息，如：出行方式，開放時間，旅行費用

22、以及主要活動等。24 .細節理解題。根據第一段HowtoGettoHolker中BycarMApproximatetraveltimes后面內容可知，從Manchester到Holker要用1hourand30minutes,即90分鐘，故選D。25 .細節理解題。根據AdmissionCharges可知，團體中的一員去Hall&Gardens需要支付9英鎊。26 .細節理解題。根據文章最后一段WinterMarket中最后一句Wanderamongavarietyofshopssellinggiftswhileenjoyingalivemusicshowandnicestreeten

23、tertainment.可知，如果想去看現場表演需要去WinterMarket。故選D。【點睛】文章主題和中心思想的闡述往往需要大量細節信息的支持，這些細節對于理解全文內容至關重要，同時也是歸納和概括文章中心思想的基礎。命題人往往會要求考生根據不同的要求閱讀文章，以獲得某些特定的信息，或準確地尋求所需的細節，并對細節進行直接或間接辨認和理解。文章細節的理解可以細化為：（1）一一對應型。（2）語言轉述型。（3）語意理解型。（4）是非辨別型。（5）事實排序型。此題中的三題全為細節理解題。細節理解題首先要根據題干準確定位信息句，其次要對信息句進行準確的理解和判斷，如第一題為轉述型,1hourand3

24、0minutes,即90分鐘。第二題和第三題則為簡單的一一對應型，只要找到信息句即可得出答案。412018天津卷，AFirePreventionInformationTheUniversityofAdelaideemploysafull-timestaffoffirepreventionprofessionals.Theyinspectallcampusbuildingsandtestandmaintainallsprinkler（噴水滅火裝置）systemsfirealarmsandfireextinguishers（滅火器）.Theyalsoprovideeducationalprogra

25、msorfiresafetyintheresidencehall.Wheneveryoumovetoanewarea,youshouldlocatethefirealarmpullstationsandthetwoexitsnearestyourroom.FireAlarmsThefloorsofallcampusbuildingsareequippedwithmanual（手動的）firealarmsystemswhichincludefirealarmpullstationsandpipes.Mostarealsoequippedwithautomaticfirealarmsystemsc

26、onsistingofheatdetectors,smokedetectorsandsprinklers.Foryoursafety,nevertamperwith（胡舌L擺弄）thesesystems.Falsefirealarmsareillegalandmayleadtoimprisonment.FireDrillsAfiredrillwillbeconductedinyourresidencehalleverysemester.Duringafiredrill,pleasedothefollowing: TakeyourroomkeyandID,closeandlockthedoort

27、oyourroom. Exitimmediatelyfromthenearestemergencyexitdonotusealift. Meetoutsideofyourresidencehallandwaitforfurtherinstructions.FireExtinguishersFireextinguishersarelocatedoneachfloorandineachapartment.Useafireextinguisheronlyifyouhavebeentrainedtodoso.Irresponsibleuseofafireextinguishercancreateada

28、ngeroussituationforotherresidentsandcouldresultindamagetopersonalproperty.Misuseofafireextinguisherwillresultinfines.SmokeDetectorAsmokedetectorisontheceilinginyourroom.Somebuildingsalsohaveheatdetectorsontheceilings.Dothefollowingtoensurethesafeoperationofyoursmokedetector: Ifyoursmokedetectoriswor

29、kingproperly,theredlightshouldbeon.Iftheredlightisnotblinking（閃動）,contactresidencehallstaffimmediately. Donotcoverorblockyoursmokedetectorinanyway. Ifasmokedetectorsetsoffanalarmandthereisnofireorsmoke,informyourhallstaff.36. Whatisthemaindutyofthefirepreventionprofessionals?A. Toprovidepart-timejob

30、sforstudents.B. Toleadthestudentstothenearestexits.C. Tocheckandmaintainfirepreventionequipment.D. Totrainteacherstobefirepreventionprofessionals.37. Whatdotheautomaticfirealarmsystemsinclude?A. Pipesandsmokedetectors.B. Smokedetectorsandsprinklers.C. Firealarmpullstationsandpipes.D. Sprinklersandfi

31、realarmpullstations38. Inafiredrill,thestudentsshould.A. rushquicklytoaliftB. gatheratthenearestexit.C. shutthedoorandleaveatonceD. waitforinstructionsinthehall39. Whatdoweknowabouttheuseoffireextinguishers?A. Usingthemwronglyresultsinpunishment.B. Irresponsibleuseofthemcandamagethem.C. Improperuseo

32、fthemcandestroytheapartment.D. Usingthemwithoutatrainerpresentisforbidden.40. Toensurethesafeoperationofthesmokedetector,oneshould.A. contactthehallstaffregularlyB. coverthethingsthatburneasilyC. startthesmokedetectorinafireD. makecertaintheredlightisworking【答案】36.C37.B38.C39.A40.D【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要從

33、火警、消防訓練、滅火器和煙霧探測器的使用等方面介紹了一些防火信息。36 .細節理解題。根據文章第段Theyinspectallcampusbuildingsandtestandmaintainallsprinkler（噴水滅火裝置）systemsfirealarmsandfireextinguishers（滅火器）.可知，專職消防人員主要職責是檢查、測試和維護所有的校園建筑物防火裝備。故選Co37 .細節理解題。根據文章FireAlarms中的句子Mostarealsoequippedwithautomaticfirealarmsystemsconsistingofheatdetectors,

34、smokedetectorsandsprinklers.可知，火災自動報警系統由熱探測器、煙霧探測器和噴頭組成。故選Bo38 .細節理解題。根據文章FireDrills中的句子TakeyourroomkeyandID,closeandlockthedoortoyourroom.和Exitimmediatelyfromthenearestemergencyexitdonotusealift.可知，在消防演習中，學生鎖好門并立即從最近的緊急出口離開。故選Co39 .細節理解題。根據文章FireExtinguishers中的句子Misuseofafireextinguisherwillresulti

35、n巾nes.可知，誤用滅火器會導致罰款。故選A。40 .細節理解題。根據文章SmokeDetector中的句子Ifyoursmokedetectorisworkingproperly,theredlightshouldbeon.Iftheredlightisnotblinking（閃動）,contactresidencehallstaffimmediately.可知，煙霧探測器是否安全運行，看紅燈是否閃動。故選D。點睛：文章內容較為簡單，集中考查細節題，對此類題型，考生可以首先從問題中找到關鍵詞然后以此為線索，運用略讀及查閱的技巧在文中迅速尋找這一細節找到后再把這一部分內容仔細閱讀一遍，仔細比

36、較所給選項與文中細節的細微區別。如小題3中C選擇項中leaveatonce與文中的Exitimmediately表達的同一個意思；小題4中考生要理解文中fines（罰款）是A選擇項中punishment（懲罰）的一種，這些都考生需要比較它們之間的細微區別。512018北京卷，BFindYourAdventureattheSpaceandAviation（航空）CenterIfyou'relookingforauniqueadventure,theSpaceandAviationCenter（SAC）istheplacetobe.TheCenteroffersprogramsdesign

37、edtochallengeandinspirewithhands-ontasksandlotsoffun.Morethan750,000havegraduatedfromSAC,withmanyseekingemploymentinengineering,aviation,education,medicineandawidevarietyofotherprofessions.Theycometocamp,wantingtoknowwhatitisliketobeanastronautorapilot,andtheyleavewithreal-worldapplicationsforwhatth

38、eyrestudyingintheclassroom.Forthetrainees,theprogramsalsoofferagreatwaytoearnmeritbadges誄譽徽章）.AtSpaceCamp,traineescanearntheirSpaceExplorationbadgeastheybuildandfiremodelrockets,learnaboutspacetasksandtrysimulated（模用以）flyingtospacewiththecrewfromallovertheworld.TheAviationChallengeprogramgivestraine

39、esthechancetoearntheirAviationbadge.Theylearntheprinciplesofflightandtesttheiroperatingskillsinthecockpit（駕駛艙）ofavarietyofflightsimulators.TraineesalsogetagoodstartontheirWildernessSurvivalbadgeastheylearnaboutwater-andland-survivalthroughdesignedtasksandtheirsearchandrescueof"downed"pilot

40、.Withalltheprograms,teamworkiskeyastraineeslearntheimportanceofleadershipandbeingpartofabiggertask.Allthisfunisavailableforages9to18.Familiescanenjoytheexperiencetogether,too,withFamilyCampprogramsforfamilieswithchildrenasyoungas7.Stayanhourorstayaweek-thereissomethinghereforeveryone!Formoredetails,

41、.40. WhydopeoplecometoSAC?A. Toexperienceadventures.B. Tolookforjobsinaviation.C. Togetadegreeinengineering.D. Tolearnmoreaboutmedicine.41. ToearnaSpaceExplorationbadge,atraineeneedsto.A. flytospaceB. getanAviationbadgefirstC. studytheprinciplesofflightD. buildandfiremodelrockets42. Whatisthemostimp

42、ortantfortrainees?A.Leadership.B.Teamspirit.C.Taskplanning.D.Survivalskills.【要點綜述】本文是一篇廣告應用文。文章主要從輝煌歷史、學習內容和招收成員的要求三個方面介紹了SAC（宇航中心）的培訓項目，并呼吁大家多多支持SAC。40. A細節理解題。根據文章第一段中的"Ifyou'relookingforauniqueadventure,theSpaceandAviationCenter（SAC）istheplacetobe.可知，SAC可以提供獨一無二的冒險經歷。故選Ao41. D細節理解題。根據文章第

43、三段中的"AtSpaceCamp,traineescanearntheirSpaceExplorationbadgeastheybuildandfiremodelrockets,learnaboutspacetasksandtrysimulated（模擬）flyingtospacewiththecrewfromallovertheworld.可知，要想得到徽章；需要制作火箭模型并點火。故選D。42. B細節理解題。根據文章倒數第四段"Withalltheprograms,teamworkiskeyastraineeslearntheimportanceofleadershi

44、pandbeingpartofabiggertask.可知，團隊合作是被訓練者最重要的素質。故選B。612018江蘇，D】Childrenasyoungastenarebecomingdependentonsocialmediafortheirsenseofselfworth,amajorstudywarned.Itfoundmanyyoungsters（少年）nowmeasuretheirstatusbyhowmuchpublicapprovaltheygetonline,oftenthrough"like”.Somechangetheirbehaviorinreallifetoi

45、mprovetheirimageontheweb.Thereportintoyoungstersagedfrom8to12wascarriedoutbyChildren'sCommissioner（專員）AnneLongfield.Shesaidsocialmediafirmswereexposingchildrentomajoremotionalrisks,withsomeyoungstersstartingsecondaryschoolill-equippedtocopewiththetremendouspressuretheyfacedonline.Somesocialappsw

46、erepopularamongthechildreneventhoughtheysupposedlyrequireuserstobeatleast13.Theyoungstersadmittedplanningtripsaroundpotentialphoto-opportunitiesandthenmessagingfriendsandfriendsoffriendstodemand“likes"fortheironlineposts.Thereportfoundthatyoungstersfelttheirfriendshipscouldbeatriskiftheydidnotr

47、espondtosocialmediapostsquickly,andaroundtheclock.Childrenaged8to10were"startingtofeelhappy"whenotherslikedtheirposts.However,thoseinthe10to12agegroupwere"concernedwithhowmanypeopleliketheirposts",suggestinga"need"forsocialrecognitionthatgetsstrongertheoldertheybecome.M

48、issLongfieldwarnedthatagenerationofchildrenriskedgrowingup"worriedabouttheirappearanceandimageasaresultoftheunrealisticlifestylestheyfollowonplatforms,andincreasinglyanxiousaboutswitchingoffduetotheconstantdemandsofsocialmedia.Shesaid:"Childrenareusingsocialmediawithfamilyandfriendsandtopl

49、aygameswhentheyareinprimaryschool.Butwhatstartsasfunusageofappsturnsintotremendouspressureinrealsocialmediainteractionatsecondaryschool."Astheirworldexpanded.shesaid,childrencomparedthemselvestoothersonlineinawaythatwas"hugelydamagingintermsoftheirself-identity,intermsoftheirconfidence,but

50、alsointermsoftheirabilitytodevelopthemselves".MissLongfieldadded:"Thenthereisthispushtoconnectifyougooffline,willyoumisssomething,willyoumissout,willyoushowthatyoudon'tcareaboutthosepeopleyouarefollowing,allofthosecometogetherinahugewayatonce.""Forchildrenitisvery,verydifficu

51、lttocopewithemotionally."TheChildren'sCommissionerforEngland'sstudy-HfeinLikesfoundthatchildrenasyoungas8wereusingsocialmediaplatformslargelyforplay.However,theresearch-involvingeightgroupsof32childrenaged8to12suggestedthaltheyheadedtowardtheirteens,theybecameincreasinglyanxiousonline.B

52、ythetimetheystartedsecondaryschoolatage11childrenwerealreadyfarmoreawareoftheirimageonlineandfeltunderhugepressuretoensuretheirpostswerepopular,thereportfound.However,theystilldidnotknowhowtocopewithmean-spiritedjokes,orthesenseofincompetencetheymightfeeliftheycomparedthemselvestocelebrities（名人）ormo

53、rebrilliantfriendsonline.Thereportsaidtheyalsofacedpressuretorespondtomessagesatallhoursofthedayespeciallyatsecondaryschoolwhenmoreyoungstershavemobilephones.TheChildren'sCommissionersaidschoolsandparentsmustnowdomoretopreparechildrenfortheemotionalminefield（雷區）theyfacedonline.Andshesaidsocialme

54、diacompaniesmustalso"takemoreresponsibility".Theyshouldeithermonitortheirwebsitesbettersothatchildrendonotsignuptooearly,ortheyshouldadjusttheirwebsitestotheneedsofyoungerusers.JavedKhan,ofchildren'scharityBamardo's,said:"It'svitalthatnewcompulsoryage-appropriaterelationsh

55、ipandsexeducationlessonsinEnglandshouldhelpequipchildrentodealwiththegrowingdemandsofsocialmedia."It'salsohugelyimportantforparentstoknowwhichappstheirchildrenareusing.65. Whydidsomesecondaryschoolstudentsfeeltoomuchpressure?A. Theywerenotprovidedwithadequateequipment.B. Theywerenotwellprep

56、aredforemotionalrisks.C. Theywererequiredtogivequickresponses.D. Theywerepreventedfromusingmobilephones.66. Somesocialappcompaniesweretoblamebecause.A. theydidn'tadequatelychecktheirusers'registrationB. theyorganizedphototripstoattractmoreyoungstersC. theyencouragedyoungsterstopostmorephotos

57、D. theydidn'tstopyoungstersfromstayinguplate67. Children'scomparingthemselvestoothersonlinemayleadto.A. lessfriendlinesstoeachotherB. lowerself-identityandconfidenceC. anincreaseinonlinecheatingD. astrongerdesiretostayonline68. AccordingtoLifeinLikes,aschildrengrew,theybecamemoreanxiousto.A. circulatetheirpostsqu