1、2014中考復習課件中考復習課件 專題十二：簡單句專題十二：簡單句(陳陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句感嘆句、倒裝句專題專題1212簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) 考點直擊1陳述句陳述句 陳述句是用于陳述事實和觀點的句子，包括肯定結構和否定結構。肯定句變否定句的基本方法如下：1be 動詞的否定式： 在be動詞后面加否定詞not。如： We arent classmates. 我們不是同學。專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝

2、句) ) 2情態動詞的否定式：在情態動詞后面直接加否定詞not。如： I cant speak English well. 我英語說得不好。3實義動詞的否定式： 借助助動詞do/does/did構成。一般現 在時的句子的否定結構為“主語doesnt/dont動詞原形 其他”。如： He doesnt do exercise every day. 他不是每天都鍛煉。 專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) 2疑問句疑問句 疑問句的主要交際功能是提出問題，詢問情況。分為一般疑問句、選擇疑問句、特殊疑問句和反意疑問句。1

3、一般疑問句： 通常用來詢問一件事情是否屬實。答句通 常是“Yes”或“No”。如： Are you tired? 你累嗎？ Yes, I am.是的，我累。2選擇疑問句： 指提出兩個或兩個以上的可能答案供對方 選擇。如： Shall we go home or stay here for the night? 我們回家還是待在這里過夜？專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) 3特殊疑問句： 以特殊疑問詞開頭，對句中某一成分提問的 句子叫特殊疑問句。如： What do you like most? 你最喜歡什么？4

4、反意疑問句： 反意疑問句又叫附加疑問句，由兩部分組 成，前一部分是對事物的陳述(即陳述句)，后一部分是簡短 的提問(即簡短疑問句)，中間用逗號隔開。反意疑問句遵循 “前否后肯”、“前肯后否”的原則，且兩部分的人稱和時態要 保持一致。專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) 中考中常見的反意疑問句的構成情況如下：(1)陳述部分為“Let us”時，問句部分習慣上用“will you？”； 陳述部分為“Lets”時，問句部分習慣上用“shall we？”。如：Let us go to the cinema, will y

5、ou? 讓我們去看電影好嗎？Lets go to the cinema, shall we? 讓我們去看電影好嗎？(2)陳述部分為“There (Here) be 主語”時，問句部分用“benotthere (here)？”形式。如： There are two cakes on the plate, arent there? 盤子里有兩塊蛋糕，不是嗎？專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) (3)反意疑問句的陳述部分帶有little, few, never, hardly, seldom等否定意義的詞時，問句部分

6、用肯定式。如：She seldom goes swimming, does she?她很少去游泳，是嗎？(4)陳述部分的主語為指物的不定代詞時，問句部分的主語用it。如：Something is wrong with the computer, isnt it? 那臺電腦有問題了，不是嗎？(5)陳述部分的主語為指人的不定代詞時，問句部分的主語用he或 they，這時問句動詞的數應和he或 they保持一致。如：Someone is knocking at the door, isnt he? 有人在敲門，不是嗎？專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒

7、裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) (6)反意疑問句的陳述部分為“I (We) dont think (believe, suppose, consider等) that從句”時，問句部分的動詞和主語仍與that從句保持一致且用肯定式。如： I dont think that he has finished the work on time, has he?我認為他沒有按時完成工作，不是嗎？(7)反意疑問句的陳述部分含有由un-， im-， in-， dis-等否定意義的前綴構成的詞語時，陳述部分要視為肯定含義，問句部分用否定形式。如：It is unfair, isnt it? 這不公平，

8、不是嗎？專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) (8)陳述部分為肯定的祈使句時，反意疑問句部分可用“will you/wont you？”； 陳述部分為否定的祈使句時，反意疑問句部分只能用“will you？”。 如：Dont make any noise, will you? 不要制造噪音，好嗎？專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) 3祈使句祈使句 祈使句是表示請求、命令、勸告、祝愿或建議的句子。其否定式是直接在動詞原形前加dont

9、。常見的祈使句的基本句型如下：1動詞原形其他。如： Be careful.小心。2Do動詞原形(加強語氣)。如： Do be careful next time.下次要小心。3加please的祈使句(表示更加客氣和禮貌)。如： Open the door, please.請打開門。專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) 4感嘆句感嘆句 感嘆句一般用來表示說話時的喜悅、驚訝等情感。英語感嘆句常用what或how引導，句末用感嘆號。1what引導的感嘆句(1)Whata/an形容詞可數名詞單數(主語謂語)！如：What

10、 a difficult question it is!多么難的一個問題啊！(2)What形容詞可數名詞復數/不可數名詞(主語謂語)！如：What useful information！多有用的信息啊！專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) 2how引導的感嘆句(1)How形容詞/副詞主語謂語！如：How kind they are！他們多和藹啊！(2)How陳述句(主語謂語)！如：How time flies！時間飛逝！3what引導的感嘆句可以和how引導的感嘆句互換。如：What a good girl！Ho

11、w good the girl is!多好的女孩啊！專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) 5倒裝句倒裝句1副詞位于句首時。here, there, now, then等副詞置于句 首時句子要倒裝，謂語動詞常用be, come, go, lie, run 等。這種倒裝結構的主語必須是名詞，如果主語是人稱 代詞時則不能完全倒裝。如： Here he comes.他來了。2only在句首強調狀語時。如： Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 到那時他才意識到他錯了。3以

12、so/neither/nor開頭的句子。說明前面的內容也適用于 后者時用倒裝句“so/neither/norbe動詞/助動詞/情態動 詞主語”。如： John cant swim, neither can I.約翰不會游泳，我也不會。專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) 考點過關 基礎過關基礎過關 句型轉換1Our school is beautiful.(改為感嘆句) _ _ our school is!2Diana made great success in her research because she

13、put her effort into it. (改為簡單句) Diana made great success in her research _ _ her effort.How beautiful becauseof專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) 3The children have never done that before. (改為反意疑問句) The children have never done that before, _ _？4There are fifty students in o

14、ur class. (對畫線部分提問) _ _ students are there in your class?5Chen Ping received an e-mail last Friday. (改為否定句) Chen Ping _ _ an e-mail last Friday. have they How many didnt receive 專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) 中考透視中考透視 ()1. 2013安徽安徽 _can you finish this English exam? In a

15、bout one and a half hours. A. How far B. How often C. How soon D. How longC 專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) ()2. 2013溫州溫州 Its Fathers Day，_？ Yes. Lets buy a gift for Dad. A. isnt it B. doesnt it C. isnt he D. doesnt he A 解析解析根據反意疑問句的句式結構“前肯后否”和上半句的主語it可知正確答案為A。 專題專題1212 簡

16、單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) ()3. 2013雅安雅安 _ lovely the squirrel is! A. What a B. How C. What D. How aB 解析解析感嘆句有兩種基本句式：“How形容詞/副詞(主語謂語)！”和“What(a/an)形容詞單數可數名詞(主語謂語)！”lovely是形容詞，所以選B。 專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) ()4. 2012永州永州 _ get off the bus befo

17、re it stops. ADont BDoesnt CDidnt DHadnt()5. 2012濟寧濟寧 Peter doesnt know many people here. _ ASo do I BSo am I CNeither am I DNeither do I AD專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) ()1. I dont think she will pass the exam, _？ Awont she Bwill she Cdoes she Ddoesnt()2. Mr Wangs neve

18、r been to Canada, has he? _. He went there on business last week. ANo, he hasnt BYes, he has CNo, he has DYes, he hasntB 語法專練 B 專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) ()3. Dont make so much noise, Lily, _？ Ado you Bdont you Cwill you Dwont you()4. Youve just finished your listen

19、ing exam. Please get yourself ready for the next part, _？ Ashall we Bwill you Cdo you Dare youCB解析解析祈使句的反意疑問句應用“will you？”。 專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) ()5. 2013安順安順 Tom，_ afraid of speaking in front of people. You are the best one. Adont Bnot Cnot be Ddont be()6. 201

20、3威海威海 _are you leaving for Beijing? In a couple of days. AHow far BHow often CHow soon DHow long()7. There is nothing else to do, _？ No, there isnt. We can have a rest. Ais there Bisnt there Cis it Disnt itDC A 專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) ()8. 2013宜賓宜賓 Sam didnt go to

21、 school yesterday, did he? _. He was ill yesterday. AYes, he did BNo, he did CNo, he didnt DYes, he didnt()9. There are more and more foreigners learning Chinese, _？ Aare there Barent there Care they Darent theyC B 專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) ()10. 2013蘭州蘭州 He hasnt w

22、atched the movie So Young, has he? _. He told me its very moving and interesting. Hed like to watch it again. AYes, he has BYes, he hasnt CNo, he hasnt DNo, he has()11. Nothing is more important than life，_？ Ais it Bisnt it Care they Darent they()12. _afraid of making mistakes. Failure is the mother

23、 of success. Thanks for encouraging me. ADont BDont be CNot be DBe notAAB專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) ()13. Boys and girls，_ your hands if you want to take part in the summer camp. Aputting Bto put Cput up Dput()14. _this kind of peach, and you will like it. A. To try

24、BTrying CTry DTried()15. _ here on time next time, or youll be punished. Sorry for being late again. ABe B. Being CTo be D. BeenCCA專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) ()16. _， because its bad for your health. ADont to eat too much B. No eat too much CNever eat too much D. Nev

25、er eating too much()17. _ late for school again, Tom. Sorry, I promise that I _. ADont; wont BDont be; wont CDont be; dont DDont; willC B 專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) ()18. 2013蘭州蘭州 _ bowl of mutton soup would you like? A big bowl, please. AWhat size BWhat big CHow muc

26、h DHow size()19. 2013濟南濟南 Jenny, I need some milk. OK, Mum._ do you need? AHow much BHow many CHow often DHow longAA專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) ()20. 2013濟南濟南 Do you like summer or winter? _. I really like the snow. AYes, I do BNo, I dont CSummer DWinter()21. _did you

27、 receive the letter? Just now. AWhat BWhen CWhere DWhy()22. _？ The one on the stage. AWho are boys BWheres the boy CWhos that boy DWhich boyD B D 專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) ()23. Have you watered the trees? _.Im too busy and forget it. AYes, I did BYes, I have CNo, I

28、 didnt DNo, I havent()24. _ wonderful news report he wrote! All of us were proud of him. AWhat a BWhat CHow DHow aD A 專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) ()25. 2013安順安順 _ good time they had last weekend! AHow BWhat CWhat a DHow a()26. 2013廣東廣東 Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize for L

29、iterature last year. _ excellent he is! AHow BWhat C. What a DWhat anCA解析解析 what后面的中心詞是名詞， how后面的中心詞是形容詞或副詞，又因have a good time是固定結構。故選C。 解析解析 how強調形容詞，what強調名詞，由形容詞excellent可知用how強調。故選A。 專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) ()27. 2012廣東廣東 _exciting it is to swim in the sea whi

30、le it is hot! AHow BWhat CHow an DWhat an()28. Look, _ dirty the water is! Yes, we should really take some actions to deal with it. A. what a Bwhat Chow Dhow a()29. _ we made the snowman last Sunday! AWhat a great fun BWhat great fun CHow a great fun DHow great funA C B 專題專題1212 簡單句簡單句( (陳述句、疑問陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句句、祈使句、感嘆句、倒裝句) ) ()30. Two _ died in the accident. _ terrible it is! Apolicemen; How Bpoliceman; What Cpolice; What Dpolicemans; How()31. Dad, do you like my picture? _！ Its the nicest one Ive ever seen