1、名詞、冠詞、代詞【知識(shí)點(diǎn)睛】一、名詞難點(diǎn)1：某國(guó)人變復(fù)數(shù)國(guó)家人(單數(shù))人(復(fù)數(shù))China JapanEnglandFranceGermanyIndiaAmericaAustraliaItalyArabCanadaEurope難點(diǎn)2：雙重所有格VS of所有格a picture of my teachers a picture of my teacher我老師的一張照片（強(qiáng)調(diào)我老師的眾多照片中的一張，不一定是我老師本人）我老師本人的一張照片（強(qiáng)調(diào)我老師本人）難點(diǎn)3：名詞作定語運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)：a _ meeting two _ meetings服裝店：a _ store two _ stores男教師：

2、a _ teacher two _ teachers女醫(yī)生：a _ doctor five _ doctors除這個(gè)別名詞外，其余名詞作定語要用_，如“許多蘋果樹many _ trees”。二、冠詞（一）冠詞分類 _、_、_（二）不定冠詞的用法1. 用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前，泛指“某一、任一”2. 用于序數(shù)詞(除first外)前，表示“再一、又一”3. 用于固定搭配中：a few/little/bit; have a swim/walk/talk/look/dance/drink/rest; (感冒)_; (玩得高興)_; in a hurry; for a while; keep a diary;

3、 (幫助某人) _（三）定冠詞的用法1. the表示特指_：Kim has a cat. The cat is black. _：Lets go to the supermarket! _：I know the girl in red. 2. the表示“獨(dú)一無二”3. the + 序數(shù)詞，eg: on _ second floor4. the + 形容詞原級(jí)，表示“一類人”，eg: 老人：_5. the + 形容詞比較級(jí)，_ _ (tall) of the two boys6. the + 形容詞最高級(jí)，eg: _ most beautiful city7. the + 年份的復(fù)數(shù)，表示某年

4、代，in the 1990s8. 用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)前，指代一家人或夫妻，eg: 格林一家_9. 西洋樂器的名詞前加 play _ piano10. 由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前加the，eg: the Great Wall11. 用在固定短語中：in the morning/afternoon/evening; in the daytime; in the end; (一直)_; at the same time; by the way; in the open air; (在歲時(shí))_; at the beginning of; on the other side of; in the middl

5、e of; at the moment （四）零冠詞的用法 1. 不可數(shù)名詞和復(fù)數(shù)名詞表泛指時(shí)前面用零冠詞。 Man cant live without water. Horses are domestic animals. 2. 某些專有名詞，如人名、地名、國(guó)名、物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞表示泛指時(shí)前面用零冠詞。 China is a great country. Mary lives in New York. 3. 名詞前已有名詞所有格，物主代詞或this, that, every修飾時(shí)，用零冠詞。Every student likes English in our _ class.A. aB.

6、anC. theD. / 4. 在節(jié)日、日期、星期、月份、季節(jié)等前面用零冠詞，但若特指某年的某月或某年的某季節(jié)時(shí)，要在月份、季節(jié)前加the。 June 1st is Childrens Day. Spring comes after winter. He was born in _ autumn of 1990. 5. 表示稱呼或表示頭銜的名詞作表語、同位語、補(bǔ)語時(shí)用零冠詞。 This is Professor Li. 6. 三餐、球類運(yùn)動(dòng)及學(xué)科名詞之前用零冠詞。 have _ breakfast play _ football Do you like _ English?7. “專有名詞+普

7、通名詞”構(gòu)成的表示街名、路名、山名等的名詞前用零冠詞。 Huanghe Road 8. by + 交通工具，交通工具名詞前使用零冠詞。by _ buson _ bus9. 在公共假日、節(jié)日名詞前用零冠詞。New Years Day, Womens Day10. 在某些固定短語中：day and night; face to face; side by side; step by step; at school / work / home; (在危險(xiǎn)中)_; in bed; in time; at noon/night/dawn; (值日)_難點(diǎn)1：用a還是an ?a用在以_開頭的單詞或字母前a

8、n用在以_開頭的單詞或字母前在26個(gè)字母中，單個(gè)字母前用不定冠詞an的有_、_、_、_、_、_、_、_、_、_、_、_以字母U開頭的常見單詞_ university_ useful book_ ugly man_ umbrella _ unhappy man_ unusual story_ used car 難點(diǎn)2：名詞被such, half, what, many, so, how, too, quite, rather, very等修飾時(shí)，不定冠詞的位置問題例如：_ such _ honest _ boy half hourwhat nice dayvery interesting sto

9、rymany man so nice girl how nice filmquite good bookrather useful tool 三、代詞（一）人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單復(fù)單復(fù)單復(fù)人稱代詞（主格）Iweyouyouhesheitthey人稱代詞（賓格）形物代名物代反身代詞難點(diǎn)1：代詞的用法This morning _(她) invited _(我) to _(她的) birthday party. The party is _(她的), not _(我的).難點(diǎn)2：反身代詞的常用短語自學(xué)_自學(xué)_蘇醒_獨(dú)自_隨便吃_玩得愉快_傷著某人自己_難點(diǎn)3：人稱代詞

10、主格作主語的語序單數(shù)形式(二、三、一) _, _ and _ (I, he/she, you)復(fù)數(shù)形式(一、二、三) _, _ and _(we, they, you)承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤時(shí)(第一人稱放前) _ and _ (I, John)難點(diǎn)4：人稱代詞it用法小結(jié)1. 指代前面提到過的事物。 Do you use your dictionary now? Can I borrow _? Mom, my friend has a beautiful skirt. I want _, too. 2. 用來代替指示代詞this或that。 Whats this? _ a pen. 3. 指不明性別的嬰兒或

11、不明身份的人。 Someone is knocking at the door. Please go and see who _ is. 4. 指時(shí)間或季節(jié)。Whats the time now? Its ten oclock. 5. 表天氣。Whats the weather like?Its sunny. 6. 表距離。How far is it from home to school? 7. 用作_。 It is adj. (for / of sb.) + to do sth.Its ones turn / duty to do sth.Its adj. that8. 用作形式賓語Do

12、you think/find _ + adj. to do sth.?（二）疑問代詞Who wants to go with me?who作_、_Who are you talking about? To whom are you talking? 賓從：Can you tell me _?Whose book is this? whose作_Whats your father?He is a worker.what詢問_Who is that girl?She is my sister.who詢問_What would you like?Id like a cup of juice. wha

13、t沒有_Which do you like, spring or summer? which有_(which指一定范圍內(nèi)，特指的人或物)（三）不定代詞：不指明代替任何特定名詞或形容詞的代詞叫做不定代詞。some (something，somebody，someone)any (anything，anybody，anyone)no (nothing，nobody，no one) every (everything，everybody，everyone)all，each，both，much，many，(a) little，(a) few，other(s)，another，none，one，eith

14、er， neither等一般來講，修飾不定代詞的詞要置于其后。復(fù)合不定代詞/副詞some一些any任何；一些no 無every每個(gè)somebodyanybodynobodyeverybodysomeoneanyoneno oneeveryonesomethinganythingnothingeverythingsomewhereanywherenowhereeverywhere1. 復(fù)合不定代詞作主語時(shí)，都作_看待，其謂語動(dòng)詞用_ 形式。2. 復(fù)合不定代詞/副詞若有定語修飾，該定語要放在復(fù)合不定代詞/副詞_。For lunch, we had something very specialMal

15、aysian yellow noodles.Do you have anything to say?Can you find _ (else, anyone)?Did you go _ (interesting, somewhere)?兩者三者其一都都不兩者三者及以上either / neither of + 名詞/代詞復(fù)數(shù) + 謂語動(dòng)詞_數(shù)eitheror或neithernor連接兩個(gè)名詞作主語，需要遵循_原則肯定否定肯定否定修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)修飾不可數(shù)名詞other一族：泛指（3者/部之一）特指（兩者/部之一）單數(shù)another /another onethe other /the othe

16、r one復(fù)數(shù)others/other onesthe others/the other onesWe have two cats. _ is black and _ is white. A. One; one B. One; the other C. One; other D. One; another 其他each & every 每一個(gè)There are trees on _ side of the road._ student passed the exam._ of us wears a yellow T-shirt.each強(qiáng)調(diào)_，作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用_形式。另外，其可以用

17、來指_或_以上的人或物。every強(qiáng)調(diào)_，修飾名詞時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞要用_ 形式。只可以用來指_或_以上的人或物。each可以用作_，而every不可以。（each of）如：Each of the boys has got a pencil and some paper.【精講精練】一、單項(xiàng)選擇( )1. Mr. White has a beautiful garden with many _ in it.A. flowersB. grassC. villagesD. water( )2. Whats in the cupboard?A few _, but little _.A. apples;

18、coffeeB. coffee; applesC. apple; coffeesD. coffee; apples( )3. He gave us _ on how to protect eyes.A. some advicesB. some adviceC. an adviceD. a advice( )4. The students of Grade 7 visited Mikes farm and saw many _ there.A. birdB. duckC. sheepD. rabbit( )5. A group of _ are talking with two _ over t

19、here.A. Frenchmen; GermansB. Frenchmen; GermenC. German; FrenchmenD. Germans; Frenchmans( )6. There are _ and _ on the table.A. two boxes cake; four bottle of orangesB. two boxes cake; four bottle of orangeC. two boxes of cakes; four bottles of orangeD. two boxs of cakes; four bottles of orange( )7.

20、 _ mothers are _ teachers. A. Lucys and Mary; womanB. Lucy and Mary; woman C. Lucys and Marys; womenD. Lucy and Marys; women ( )8. With whom did you watch 2014 World Cup Opening Ceremony?_.A. A friend of mineB. A friend of me C. A friend of my sisterD. A friend of you ( )9. How far is it from your h

21、ome to school? Its about twenty _ walk. A. minutesB. minutesC. minutes D. minute ( )10. There is no _ that phones play an important part in modern life. A. questionB. problemC. answerD. doubt ( )11. He was born in Italy, but he had made China his _. A. familyB. addressC. houseD. home ( )12. The cust

22、omers are pleased with the _ of the restaurant. A. balanceB. experienceC. surfaceD. service ( )13. Why didnt Sally play the violin at the concert last night? She said that her hand hurt, but that was only a (n) _. I saw her play tennis just now.A. matterB. excuseC. resultD. expression( )14. _ it is

23、today!A. What fine weather B. What a fine weatherC. How a fine weatherD. How fine a weather( )15. This class _ now. Miss Gao teaches them.A. are studying B. is studyingC. be studyingD. studying( )16. How many _can you see in the picture?Only one.A. dog B. sheep C. child D. cat( )17. Well, you look s

24、o happy!Because I got a good _.A. work B. news C. job D. advice( )18. A spaceship flies at about eleven kilometers _ second.A. / B. the C. a D. an( )19. The operation is _ success and the patient is now out of _ danger.A. a, the B. a, 不填C. 不填, the D. 不填, 不填( )20. As _ writer, he was _ complete failu

25、re.A. a, a B. a, theC. 不填, 不填 D. a, 不填( )21. How strange! These years my birthday always falls _.A. on the Sunday B. on a Sunday C. on Sunday D. at a Sunday( )22. As is known to us all, _ tiger is in _ danger of becoming extinct.A. the, a B. the, 不填C. a, 不填 D. 不填, the( )23. As we know, England is _

26、European country and Singapore is _ Asian country.A. an; anB. an; aC. a; aD. a; an( )24. There is _ “o” and _ “x” in “box”.A. a; anB. an; aC. a; aD. an; an( )25. _ Greens are preparing for the coming Thanksgiving Day.A. / B. AC. AnD. The( )26. The education of _ young is always _ hot and serious top

27、ic.A. /; /B. the; aC. /; theD. the; /( )27. Every year _ Mothers Day is on _ second Sunday in May.A. the; theB. /; theC. the; /D. /; /( )28. What do you usually have for _ breakfast, Peter?A fried egg, three pieces of bread and a glass of milk.A. aB. anC. theD. /( )29. Sonia, is this your dictionary

28、? Oh, no, its not _. Ask Li Lei. He is looking for _. A. me; hersB. mine; himC. my; herD. mine; his( )30. Come in please, kids. Make _ at home. Thank you, Mrs. White. A. yourselvesB. yourselfC. yoursD. you ( )31. We all got wet in the rain because _ of us had an umbrella. A. bothB. noneC. no oneD. n

29、either ( )32. I havent got a digital camera. I think you should buy _. Its useful for you. A. thisB. oneC. thatD. it ( )33. What a cold day! Stella, what would you like, hot coffee or juice? _ is OK. I really dont mind. A. AnyB. NeitherC. BothD. Either ( )34. What did you buy in the shop the day bef

30、ore yesterday? _. Because _ there isnt good enough. A. Something; nothingB. Anything; something C. Nothing; everythingD. Anything; everything ( )35. There is _ with the washing machine. It doesnt work. A. wrong seriously nothingB. seriously wrong something C. something seriously wrongD. anything ser

31、iously wrong ( )36. Could we see each other at 9 oclock tomorrow morning? Sorry, lets make it _ time. A. othersB. the other C. anotherD. other ( )37. Lucy and I are classmates. We _ in Class One. A. all are B. are allC. both are D. are both ( )38. How many students are there in the classroom? _. The

32、y are all in the lab. A. Some B. NoneC. All D. Neither ( )39. Would you like to have _ cake? No, thanks. Ive had two. Thats enough. A. other B. othersC. another D. the other 二、填空題..9.40. The young

33、 man found it difficult to have dinner because some of his _ (牙齒) had been pulled out. 41. It is 100 meters race. = It is a _ race. 42. There is _ woman over there. _ woman is Meimeis mother. 43. He often goes to _ school by _ bike. 44. What _ important news! 45. _ am a monkey. Do you like _? _ name

34、 is Gugu. This house is _. (I) 46. _ (we) are in Class One. _ (they) are in Class Two. _ (we) classroom is bigger than _ (they). _ (we) often play basketball with _ (they). 【參考答案】 【知識(shí)點(diǎn)睛】名詞分類：專有名詞普通名詞：可數(shù)名詞（個(gè)體名詞、集體名詞）不可數(shù)名詞（物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞）名詞的數(shù)：可數(shù)名詞（單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則變化、不規(guī)則變化）不可數(shù)名詞借助計(jì)量單位詞表示量名詞所有格：s（各有各s，共有共s）of雙重所有格：n.

35、 + of + ns n. + of + 名物代句法功能：作主語、賓語、表語a Chinese Chinese a Japanese Japanese an Englishman Englishmen a Frenchman Frenchmen a German Germans an Indian Indians an American Americans an Australian Australians an Italian Italians an Arab Arabs a Canadian Canadians a European Europeans sports sports clothes clothes man men woman women 單數(shù) apple 不定冠詞 定冠詞 零冠詞 have a