1、 非謂語和謂語一、區分謂語和非謂語謂語 謂語(predicate) 或謂語動詞(predicate verb) 的位置一般在主語之后，說明主語“是什么”或者“做什么”，或表明主語的狀態。謂語由簡單動詞或動詞短語（助動詞或情態動詞主要動詞）構成。 （謂語必修注意時態、語態和主謂一致）1簡單謂語 (1). What happened? 發生了什么事？ (2). He worked hard all day today. 他今天苦干了一天。 (3). The plane took off at ten oclock. 飛機是十點起飛的。 2.復合謂語可分為兩種情況： 第一種是由情態動詞，助動詞+不帶

2、to的動詞不定式構成的復合謂語： What does this word mean? I wont do it again. Ill go and move away the bag of rice with Lin Tao. Youd better catch a bus. 第二種是由連系動詞+表語構成的復合謂語。例如： You look the same. We are all here. The weather gets warmer, and the days get longer. Keep quite and listen to me. He looked worried. We

3、have to be up early in the morning. Note:一個英語句子就有一套主謂結構；如果是從句，則至少有兩套主謂結構，每套要求主語和謂語在時態和人稱上要一致。祈使句無主語。非謂語動詞在句中充當除謂語以外的句子成分的動詞形式叫做非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞分為三種形式： to do, doing 和done. 非謂語動詞的時態和語態一般式完成式進行式不定式主動to doto have doneto be doing被動to be doneto have been doneing 形式主動doinghaving done被動being donehaving been done

4、過去分詞被動done非謂語動詞的做題步驟1、判定是否用非謂語形式。方法：看看句子中是否已有了謂語動詞了2、找非謂語動詞的邏輯主語。方法：非謂語動詞的邏輯主語一般是句子的主語。3、判斷主被動關系。方法：非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語的主動還是被動關系。4、判斷時間關系。方法：分析句子，看看非謂語動詞所表示的動作發生在謂語動作之前、之后還是同時。找出下列句中的動詞非謂語，并注意他們在句子中充當的成分。To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.To lose your heart means failure. Her job is to clean the

5、 hall. Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.He found a good house to live in. The child has nothing to worry about.He worked day and night to get the money. She sold her hair to buy the watch chain. Reading is important in learning English. Looking after the patient is a nurse

6、9;s job. He slept in the sleeping bag. Hearing their teacher's voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.（= On hearing their teacher's voice = When they heard their teacher's voice, the pupilsDon't be careless when /while having an exam. = Don't be careless in having an exam. = D

7、on't be careless when / while you are having an exam.Not knowing how to work out the difficult physics problem, he asked the teacher for help. = Because he didnt know how to Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay. = , which caused the delay.He is a promising 

8、;young man.  Make less noise. Theres a sleeping child.  The young man sitting between John and Mary is the editor of the campus newspaper.  = The young man who sits between is the . Those wishing to join this club should sign here. 

9、60; (=Those who wish to join the club should sign here.)The book is interesting and I'm interested in it. The concert given by their friends was a success.Written in a hurry, this article was not so good!Given another hour, I can also work out this problem.Seen from the top of the hill

10、, the city looks more beautiful to us.Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.【注意】狀語從句改成過去分詞作狀語時有時還可保留連詞,構成"連詞+過去分詞"結構作狀語.When given a medical examination, you should keep calm.The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. I .先對比，再做題。1. Gentlemen always shake hand

11、s when they are introduced to each other.2. Gentlemen always shake hands when introduced to each other.3. While we were walking in the street, we met some friends of ours.4 While walking in the street, we met some friends of ours.5. The old man walked slowly. He was supported by his little grandson.

12、6 Supported by his little grandson, the old man walked slowly. 7 . The ground which is covered with white snow looks very beautiful.8 The ground covered with white snow looks very beautiful.9. There is a tall tree which covers the entrance to the cave. 10 There is a tall tree covering the entrance t

13、o the cave.11. The worker wrote to the police and _ (disclose) who _(steal) the money. 12 The worker wrote to the police, _ (disclose) who _(steal) the money.13. Look round when you (cross) the street.14 Look round when (cross) the street.15. When she (hear) the news, she burst into laughter.16 (hea

14、r) the news, she burst into laughter.II. 完成句子(非謂語)。1 Around the end of the first century, a Roman writer _(call) Pliny wrote about a terrible volcanic eruption .2 One person,_(sit) alone, looks like he is praying.3 Anne was brought in _(help) Helen.4Her first goal was _(stop) Helens troublesome beha

15、viour.5 Helen would have to learn to understand words _(spell) on her hand.6 The word “think” was such a difficult one for Helen but she had a breakthrough while _(work) on a simple task.7 He makes an attempt _(eat) it, but it is clear from the look on his face that he finds the taste truly _(disgus

16、t).8 He smiles and nods, _(indicate) everything is fine.9 When he looks at the menu, an _(astonish) look swiftly appears on his face.10 Uncertain about how to fix them, she stopped _(think).III、用動詞的適當形式填空(含謂語非謂語)1. During the summer holiday of 2005, I _ (think) I should do something meaningful inste

17、ad of _(stay) at home and _(watch) TV.2. I got a job at a KFC fast food restaurant and _(work) there as a cleaner.3. After all, I _(stick) to it with my determination at that time.4. No one can avoid _(influence) by advertisements.5. Radio, television and computers have made it possible for advertis

18、ements _(attract) the attention of millions of people.6. Meanwhile, _(make) an advertisement, a lot of people will have to work together.7. In a word, _(advertise) is an important business.8. About fifty American students will come _(visit) our school on October 22nd.9. We must _(talk) with them in

19、English.10. Please _(be) friendly and courteous to them.11. I have received your letter and Im glad _(give) you some suggestions.12. Fist of all, dont be _(disappoint).13. Many students find it difficult _(write) well.14. In my opinion, if you want _(improve) your writing, you should do the _(follow

20、) things.15. Then youll be able _(use) them correctly yourself.16. So, in order _(write) well, you must learn _(read) a lot.17. Finally, youd better _(recite) some good passages.18. Im sure you can improve your _(write) English.19. I _(study) English for six years.20. I am good at both _(operate) a

21、PC and English.21. I can read, write, _(listen) to and speak English.22. Im _(interest) in the position of a secretary.23. I want very much _(accept) by your company.24. 55% of the students think they should take exercise every day, such as _ (do) morning exercises _(play) ping-pong and basketball.2

22、5. 45% believe _(take) exercise is a waste of time and it is _(tire).26. After _(have) sports, they are much too _(excite) for a long time to pay attention to their lessons.27. Its possible _(get) hurt in sports.28. _(see) from the hill, our school looks very beautiful.29. The book, _(write) in 1975

23、, is still popular now.IV、 改寫下列句子,其劃線部分改為分詞短語1. As she was still rather weak, she could not stay up for too long.2. Gentlemen always shake hands when they are introduced to each other.3. A cold rain was falling. It was mixed with snow.4. While we were walking in the street, we met some friends of ou

24、rs.5. The old man walked slowly. He was supported by his little grandson.6. The ground which is covered with white snow looks very beautiful.7. There is a tall tree which covers the entrance to the cave.8. The worker wrote to the police and disclosed who stole the money.9. Look round when you cross

25、the street.10. When she heard the news, she burst into laughter.V. 課本再現1 Jody Williams helped found an international campaign _ (stop) the making of landmine.2 As a young girl, she always wanted _ (study) animals.3 She worked hard _ (make) as many countries as possible not to use them.4. _(Watch) a

26、family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. 5 This means _(go) back to the place where we left the family _(sleep) in a tree the night before.6 She spent years _(observe) and _(record) their daily activities.7 When she first _(arrive) in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman _ ( l

27、ive) in the forest.8 This special strain of rice makes it possible _ ( produce) one­third more of the crop in the same fields.9 _(bear出生) in 1930, Dr Yuan _ (graduate) from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. Since then, _(find) ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.10 At that time，

28、hunger was a _(disturb) problem in many parts of the countryside. Dr Yuan searched for a way _( increase) rice harvests without _ (expand) the area of the fields.11 _(Use) his hybrid rice，farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.12 Dr Yuan is quite _ (satisfy) with his life. However,

29、he doesn't care about _( famous).13 He enjoys _(listen) to violin music, _(play) mah­jong, _(swim) and reading. _(Spend) money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.14 He made people laugh at a time when they felt _(depress), so they could _(feel) more conte

30、nt with their lives.15 You may find it _(astonish) that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk.16 Unfortunately his father died, _(leave) the family even worse off, so Charlie spent his childhood _(look) after his sick mother and his brother.VI. 練習再現1

31、. A greeting card is usually _1_ (design) either to be beautiful or meaningful or funny.2. Some people would like to buy a greeting card while others prefer _5_ (make) a card by themselves3. .Whatever he is called，he is still the same short, fat, jolly old man with a long beard，_29_ (wear) a red sui

32、t with white fur.4. That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation，_10_ (close) my book and walked away.5. If we keep on _33_ (try)，we shall be sure to conquer and overcome every difficulty we meet with.6. The earth is not the only body that _26_ (travel) around the

33、 sun.7. Every year，the company my wife works for _1_(host) a Christmas dinner party at a local restaurant.8. What used to be an enjoyable meal with some employees has become a large，drunken event _2_ _ (last) late into the night.9. So, they have no trouble _33_ (live) in the darkness.10. Actually, i

34、t was the first time that he _(take) a train.11. Seeing this, the old man _(sit) next to him was curious about what he did.12. One of the simplest ways to be humorous is _ (learn) some good jokes. 13. People _(say) to have a sense of humor when they joke around a lot . 14. After _(take) out part of

35、the coins, I thanked him and promised that I would use them wisely.15. I didnt understand what he _(mean), so he explained it to me.16. Keeping a diary shouldnt become a _(tire) job. I 11.disclosed , had stolen, 12 disclosing, had stolen 13 cross14 crossing 15 heard16 hearingII. 1 called 2 sitting 3 to help 4 to stop 5 spelt 6 working 7 to eat, disgusting 8 indicating 9 astonished 10 to think III 1 thought ,staying ,watching2 worked 3 stuck 4 being influenced 5 to attract 6 to make 7 advertising 8 to visit 9 talk 10 be 11 to give 12 disappoi