1、科學家科學家是一個泛稱，指在自然科是一個泛稱，指在自然科學領域里的專家，以及使用科學學領域里的專家，以及使用科學方法做研究的人。方法做研究的人。科學家主要有科學家主要有：物理學家，化學：物理學家，化學家，生物學家，天文學家，家，生物學家，天文學家，植物學家，心里學家，地震學家，植物學家，心里學家，地震學家，以及昆蟲學家等以及昆蟲學家等。Work in pairs. Look at the photosof great scientists below and answer the questions.1. What is his / her name?2. What did he / she

2、invent or discover?3. When did he / she invent / discover it? 1Qian Xuesen“father of Chinas aerospace” （太空）（太空）and “king of rockets” 錢學森， 中國現代物理學家、世界著名火箭專家。浙江杭州市人，1911年12月11日生于上海。1934年在美國麻省理工學院和加利福尼亞理工學院學習。1938年獲博士學位后留校任教并從事火箭研究。錢學森為中國火箭和導彈技術的發展提出了極為重要的實施方案。1956年4月起，他長期擔任火箭導彈和航天器研制的技術領導職務，對中國火箭導彈和航天

3、事業和發展作出了重大貢獻。 居里夫人居里夫人 (Marie Curie)physicist discovered Polonium缽（缽（Po) and Radium鈾鈾(1898)(Nobel Prize:1911) 居里夫人 1867年11月7日，法國著名科學家居里夫人生于波蘭華沙。居里夫人1891年到巴黎學習，先后獲得物理學和數學學士學位；1895年她和皮埃爾?居里結婚，開始共同研究放射性現象；1898年，居里夫婦宣布發現釙和鐳兩種放射性元素；1906年皮埃爾?居里逝世后，居里夫人繼續研究放射性，并于 1911年再次獲得諾貝爾獎。1934年7月4日居里夫人逝世。1878年的11月7日，繼

4、居里夫人之后的第二位偉大的女科學家莉澤邁特在維也納誕生。莉澤邁特在柏林大學與哈恩一起發現了放射性元素“鏷”，并研究了鏷和鐳元素的放射性分裂。之后她又對哈恩等所發現的中子轟擊鈾的核裂變現象進行了理論解釋和數學計算，她的這一成果大大促進了原子核物理學的發展。 阿基米德阿基米德 (Archimedes, 287212BC) Give me a lever long enough and aplace to stand, and I will movethe world. “father of integralcalculus”（微積分）（微積分） 阿基米德 古代世界最偉大的科學家阿基米德約于公元前2

5、87年生于南意大利西西里島的敘拉古。他的主要數學貢獻是求面積和體積的工作。 愛因斯坦愛因斯坦 (Albert Einstein, 1879-1955) The Secret of Success:成功法則成功法則 A=X+Y+Z X standsfor hard work, Y for good methods, and Z means stop talking and get down to work. (Mathematical) physicist: Theory of Relativity相對論相對論(1916) (NobelPrize:1921) 阿爾伯特愛因斯坦 愛因斯坦（Albe

6、rt Einstein，1879-1955），舉世聞名的德裔美國科學家，現代物理學的開創者和奠基人。 。他的量子理論對天體物理學、特別是理論天體物理學都有很大的影響。理論天體物理學的第一個成熟的方面恒星大氣理論，就是在量子理論和輻射理論的基礎上建立起來的。愛因斯坦的狹義相對論成功地揭示了能量與質量之間的關系，解決了長期存在的恒星能源來源的難題。愛因斯坦對天文學最大的貢獻莫過于他的宇宙學理論。他創立了相對論宇宙學，建立了靜態有限無邊的自洽的動力學宇宙模型，并引進了宇宙學原理、彎曲空間等新概念，大大推動了現代天文學的發展1. the study of animals 2. the study of

7、 plants 3. the study of all living things zoologybotanybiologyMatch the words and definitions. 2 biochemistry biology botany chemistry genetics physics zoology4. the study of physical objects and natural forces 5. the study of chemical processes in living things 6. the study of the structure of subs

8、tances and how they react with each other 7. the study of inherited characteristics in living thingschemistryphysicsbiochemistrygenetics Speaking Four great inventions: compass Qin Dynasty 沈括；曾公亮 gunpowder Qin Dynasty 馬鈞 paper Donghan Dynasty 蔡倫 105AD printing Sui Dynasty 畢升 868AD Work in pairs. Wri

9、te some facts about a famous scientist.3Example: Newtown was born inEngland in the 17th century. Hediscovered the laws of gravity. scientist : physicist 物理學物理學 chemist 化學家 mathematician數學家 batanist 植物學家 zoologist 動物學家 geneticist 遺傳學家 biologist 生物學家 agriculturalist 農學家n. (學學)n. (家家)adj. (的的)biologybo

10、tanyzoologygeneticsbiologist biologicalbotanist botanicalzoologist zoologicalgeneticist genetic愛迪生愛迪生藿金藿金伽利略亞里士多德浮力牛頓 (Newton , 1642-1727) English scientist The law of gravity The laws of motionIf I have seen a little further it is by standing on the shoulders of Giants.Name: _Name: _Nationality: _N

11、ationality: _Major: _Major: _Inventions /discovers: Inventions /discovers: _When did they invent/discover:When did they invent/discover:_Yuan LongpingChineseAgricultureHybrid riceIn 1970 What do you know about him?Read the passage again and decide whether the statements are True of False.1. China pr

12、oduces more rice than any other country.2. Yuan Longping asked a lot of questions at school.3. He developed a new kind of fast-growing rice.4. The government helped him in his research.5. The new rice replaced vegetables in 50 thousand square kilometers.6. The new rice is now grown n other countries

13、, such as Pakistan.Task1:Do True (T) or false (F): China is the second largest rice producer. Yuan was born in China but was brought up in a foreign country. He developed a new kind of fast-growing rice. His research cost him much time and energy and was supported by the government. His rice was exp

14、orted to other countries.FFTTTChinaandwords and definitions.words and definitions.1.plant people grow for food _ 2. a very important discovery _3.to produce new plants or animals _4. to give help _5.to give food to _6.to make information known, for example, in a report or a book _7. someone who make

15、s things or grow food _8.a type of plant or animal _9.the science of farming _cropbreakthroughbreedsupportfeedpublishproducerspeciesagricultureAs a boy, As a teacher,As a college student, In 1966,In 1970,he was given the he was given the nickname.nickname. he studied he studied agriculture agricultu

16、re . . he began experiments in he began experiments in crop crop breedingbreeding. .the result of his experiment was the result of his experiment was publishedpublished. . a a naturally sterile male naturally sterile male rice plant was discovered.rice plant was discovered.Careful ReadingWhat did he

17、 do? What did he do? (complete the sentences)(complete the sentences)Fill in the blanks with proper words in the text: Yuan Longping , born and _ in China, was interested in plants when young. Because he liked asking questions, he was given the _ “the student who asks questions”. He studied _ in col

18、lege and later he began _ in crop _.brought upnicknameagricultureexperimentsbreedingIn order to get a _ yield of rice, he experimented with different types of rice. In 1970 a _ sterile male rice plant was _. As a result of Yuan Longpings discoveries Chinese rice production rose _47.5 percent in the

19、1990s. highernaturallydiscoveredbyAnd 50 thousand square kilometers of fields were _ to growing vegetables and other _. Also Yuan Longpings rice was _to other countries. He is a leading _ in the rice-growing world and has helped China to be the largest rice _.convertedcash cropsexportedfigureproduce

20、rLets learn some beautiful sentences!1. As a boy he was educated in many schools and was given the nickname, “ the student who asks questions”. = When he was a boy, Yuan Longping studied in many schools and was nicknamed “the student who asks questions”.2. He thought that the key to feeding people w

21、as to have more rice and to produce it more quickly. = He believed that having more rice and producing it more quickly was the most important thing to feed people.the key to feeding people類似用法的類似用法的名詞還有名詞還有:answer, solution, journey, trip, tour, visit, way, entrance, flight等。等。 - How do you deal wit

22、h the disagreement between the company and the customers? - The key _ the problem is to meet the demand _ by the customers. A. to solving;making B. to solving; made C. to solve;making D. to solve;madeB3. He thought there was only one way to do this by crossing different species of rice plant, and th

23、en he could produce a new plant which could give a higher yield than either of the original plants. 1. figure【語境展示語境展示】 1) Where did you get these figures? 你從哪兒得到的這些數字？你從哪兒得到的這些數字？2) Cao Cao was a famous historical figure in the Han Dynasty. 曹操是漢代著名的歷史人物。曹操是漢代著名的歷史人物。3) Although she is in her fiftie

24、s, she still has a perfect figure. 盡管她已經五十幾歲了，她仍然擁有盡管她已經五十幾歲了，她仍然擁有 完美的身材。完美的身材。4) The figure on Page 15 shows the changing of the rainfall in this area. 第第15頁的圖表展示了該地區降雨量的頁的圖表展示了該地區降雨量的 變化。變化。5) The central figure in the painting is the headmaster of our school. 畫中間的那個人是我們學校的校長。畫中間的那個人是我們學校的校長。6) I

25、m still figuring my expenses of this month. 我還在計算我這個月的開支。我還在計算我這個月的開支。7)We figured (that) youd want to rest after your journey. 我們估計旅行后你要休息。我們估計旅行后你要休息。2. First Yuan Longping experimented with different types of rice. 首先袁隆平對不同種類的水稻進行首先袁隆平對不同種類的水稻進行實驗。實驗。n. perform/ carry out/ make/ do an experiment

26、進行試驗進行試驗 by experiment 通過試驗通過試驗3. Then he began his search for a special type of rice plant.in search of in ones/the search for尋找尋找The police with dogs are _ the woods _ the murderer.A. searching; for B. in search; forC. searching; to D. in search; of4. convertvt. “使轉化使轉化, 使轉換使轉換, 使改變信仰等使改變信仰等” be c

27、onverted to doing:被改做某事被改做某事類似用法的單詞有：類似用法的單詞有：devote, addict, apply, accommodate1). 很多男學生對玩電腦游戲上癮。很多男學生對玩電腦游戲上癮。Many boy students _ to playing computer games.are addicted5. quantitya quantity of quantities of a lot of lots of a mass of masses of 既可修飾可數名詞又可以修飾不可數既可修飾可數名詞又可以修飾不可數名詞的詞名詞的詞:注意注意: A large

28、 quantity of money has been spent. Quantities of money have been spent. A quantity of books have been read. vi. (1) (氣體、液體等氣體、液體等) 漏出、滲出、泄漏漏出、滲出、泄漏Theres gas escaping somewhere. Can you smell it? 有什么地方漏煤氣了有什么地方漏煤氣了, 你聞到了嗎？你聞到了嗎？Make a hole to let the water escape. 弄個洞讓水流出。弄個洞讓水流出。6. escape(2) 逃亡、逃脫、

29、逃避逃亡、逃脫、逃避, 作作“逃避，避免逃避，避免, 免除免除”解時為及物動詞解時為及物動詞, 后常跟名詞、后常跟名詞、代詞或動名詞。代詞或動名詞。 escape being punished. escape from the burning house. vt. (3) 被遺忘被遺忘, 未被注意未被注意His name escaped me for the moment. 我一時想不起他的名字來了。我一時想不起他的名字來了。n. “逃亡，逃避逃亡，逃避”The Sao Paulo building was built without fire escapes. 圣保羅大樓建造時圣保羅大樓建造

30、時, 沒有建上安全樓梯。沒有建上安全樓梯。a narrow escape 死里逃生死里逃生, 九死一生九死一生1. bring up 培養培養; 養育養育(常用于被動語態常用于被動語態) She brought up five children. 她養育了五個孩子。她養育了五個孩子。 He was brought up to respect authority. 他從小就受到尊敬師長的教育。他從小就受到尊敬師長的教育。 提出提出(問題問題) Why did you have to bring up subject of money? 你為什么非要提錢這個話題？你為什么非要提錢這個話題？ I shall bring up this question at the meeting.2. earn ones livingmake ones living謀生謀生 He earned his liv