1、上海交通大學網絡學院醫學院分院2012（春）年級畢業理論綜合考試練習卷（3）專業：檢驗技術（專科）一、英語（30%）：I Vocabulary & StructureDirections: There are 25 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.1 Iron has an important role to play in t

2、he _ working of the human body and is vital to healthy living. A. efficient B.favorite C. primary D.current2 I started to read newspapers and magazines more, and, for just about the first time in my life, I began to take an interest in _ affairs. A. personal B. current C. ancient D.Social3 I'd l

3、ike to _ that students should be allowed more time for independent study. Apropose B.command C. arrange D.steer4 According to the law in this state, nobody is _ to possess the weapons privately.A. prohibited B. allowed C. stopped D. promoted5 People are clearing the snow from the road _ they can wal

4、k safely.A.lest B.in spite of C.since D.so that 6 Mother _ my brother to keep his voice down but he ignored her.A.remarkedB. motioned C.shrugged D. impressed7 I was shocked by the conditions in the factory, which _ definite health and safety hazards. A. constitutedB. masked C. enclose D. consolidate

5、d8 Though a successful writer, he lived a _ life with the early loss of his wife and daughter.A. complex B. minor C. prosperous D. tragic9Mr. Trump would not _ details of his plan for a new factory to make mobile phones in China.A.exposeB.reveal C.indicate D.enclose10Have you _ enough time to do qua

6、lity work and meet the companys standards?A.brought aboutB.leaned on C.taken overD.put in11The boss told his secretary to _ his order without delay.A.hold upB.talk over C.carry out D.set aside12When he asked her to marry him, she wanted to know what his _ were.A. compliments B. privilegesC. intentio

7、nsD. attitudes13_ the good work, and you will be rewarded for it.A. Wear out B. Count outC. Bring upD. Keep up14With everyone trying his best, the work team _ the task within the shortest time. A. committedB. accomplished C. endured D. occupied15If doing one thing gives you an unpleasant feeling, th

8、e normal _ would be to stop doing it.A. perspective B. emotionC. reactionD. function16His house is in a wealthy _ with a school, a hospital, banks and shops. A. neighborhood B. basisC. routeD. occasion17The project manager _ told us that we could leave early today. It was _ to think about what I cou

9、ld do with this extra time.A. excitedly exciting B. excitedly excitedC. excitingly exciting D. excitingly excited18_ until you have finished your homework _ have the ice-cream.A. Not you may B. It is not you may C. Not may youD. It is not may you19_ 50 years since my parent got married.A. It isB. Th

10、ere areC. It was D. There have been20The Indians have their rights, so the Americans who forced them off their land _ have done that!A. mustntB. wouldntC. shouldntD. couldnt21As Christmas _ _, many shops begin their sales campaigns to attract shoppers. A. sets offB.draws nearC.comes throughD.holds u

11、p22_ tell the truth to the dying patient.A.Be not sure to B.Dont be sure toC.Be sure not to D.Be sure to not23On that holiday children like to be dressed up _ strange clothes and knock at every door to ask for candy.A.by B.withC.on D.in24_ adequate preparations, the team will probably win the champi

12、onship again this year. A.If B.With C.UnderD. Unless25However, promotion is not always easy to achieve, as I _ when I firstreturned to work in 1977 after my degree course. A.turned out B. acted out C. found out D. sought out IIReading Comprehension Directions: There is a passage in this part. The pa

13、ssage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should choose the best answer to each question based on the passage.Passage ：Probably no aspect of nutrition is more discussed than that of calories. People say that they

14、“eat” too many calories or not enough calories. They associate calories with their weight. We need to know what is meant by calories, how many calories an individual needs each day, and which foods are good sources of calories and which are poor. Every engine requires fuel. The automobile runs only

15、so long as it has a supply of gasoline. The furnace heats the house only when oil, gas, or coal is fed into it. The human body, like an engine, requires fuel to carry on all of its activities and to keep it warm. Every moment of our lives some energy is being used by the body- for every breath we dr

16、aw, every beat of the heart, the blinking of the eyelid, the lifting of heavy weights, or any activity whatsoever. The carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in the foods we eat are the potential sources of energy for all body activities. Unlike the engine, the body will draw upon its own substance when

17、no food is provided. Strictly speaking, we dont eat “calories”. Just as we can measure length in centimeters or inches and weight in kilograms or pounds, so we can measure energy values of foods or energy needs of the body in units called calories. The calorie is a measure of heat. By definition, on

18、e large calorie, more correctly called a kilocalorie (kcal), is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1000 gm of water by 1. In nutrition the large calorie is always used, whether it is written with a smallccalorie, or a capitalCcalorie. It is 1000 times as great as the small calor

19、ie unit used in chemistry and physics. Take an adult as an example. For his basal metabolism he requires about one kilocalorie per kilogram per hour. Thus, a woman weighing 55kg (121 lb) would have a basal metabolism of approximately 1320 kcal (1×55×24). A man weighing 70 kg (154 lb) would

20、 have a basal metabolism of 1680 kcal (1×70×24). 26. Like an engine, the human body requires _. A. food to carry on all of its activitiesB. oxygen to carry on all of its activitiesC. fuel to carry on all of its activitiesD. water to carry on all of its activities27. The potential sources o

21、f energy for all body activities are _.A. carbohydrates, vitamins and proteinsB. fats, proteins and waterC. carbohydrates, water and inorganic saltsD. carbohydrates, fats and proteins28. We measure energy values of foods in units called _.A. centimetersB. caloriesC. kilogramsD. pounds29.The calorie

22、is a measure of _.A. heatB. energyC. temperatureD. weight30. The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1000 gm of water by 1 is known as a _.A. caloriesB. kilocalorieC. small calorieD. kilogram二、臨床檢驗學基礎（35%）：A型題（在一組備選答案中，選擇一個最佳答案）：31核左移是指外周血中中性粒細胞 A細胞數明顯增高，細胞體積變小 B細胞核偏位，常常位于左側C分葉超過5葉以上

23、者超過3% D桿狀核粒細胞增多或（和）出現更早階段的粒細胞32核常偏于一側，染色質呈車輪狀的細胞是： A淋巴細胞 B嗜鹼性粒細胞 C漿細胞 D 單核細胞33血涂片進行白細胞分類計數時采用的染色方法是： A熒光染色 B抗酸染色 C瑞氏染色 D活體染色 34用于血液分析儀檢測的首選抗凝劑是： AEDTA-Na2 BEDTA-K2 CEDTA-K3 D肝素或枸櫞酸鹽35正常血涂片白細胞分類計數，嗜酸性粒細胞占A20%40% B2%4% C5%10% D0.5%5%36正常成年人體內HbF占Hb總量的：A60% B50% C3% D<1%37ICSH推薦測定Hb的首選方法是：A沙利氏酸化法或堿羥

24、高鐵血紅蛋白法 B疊氮高鐵血紅蛋白法 C十二烷基硫酸鈉法 D.氰化高鐵血紅蛋白法 38用于評價紅細胞造血功能的試驗是：AHct B總鐵結合力或可溶性轉鐵蛋白受體 CSchilling試驗 D網織紅細胞計數 39HbA肽鏈的組成是:A2/2 B2/2 C2/2或2/2 D2/2 40與前列腺淀粉樣小體的數量有關的因素是： A晝夜長短 B年齡大小 C遺傳因素 D食物種類 41腦脊液靜置24h后，出現薄膜狀，常見于： A結核性腦膜炎 B病毒性腦膜炎 C化膿性腦膜炎D流行性乙型腦炎 42以下不符合陰道滴蟲形態特點描述的是：A比白細胞大，呈倒置梨形狀 B有1根后鞭毛 C體側有波動膜 D有2根前鞭毛 43

25、在白細胞計數的質量控制方法中，不包括： A常規考核標準評價法 B變異百分率評價法或兩差比值評價法 C雙份計數標準差評價法 DMiller窺盤評價法44能使血沉加快的因素不包括：A纖維蛋白原和免疫球蛋白 B膽固醇 C清蛋白 D急性時相反應蛋白 45多發性骨髓瘤患者尿中主要出現： A白蛋白或球蛋白 BT-H蛋白 CIg重鏈 DIg輕鏈 46成人糞便的過路菌主要是 A厭氧桿菌 B腸桿菌 C擬桿菌 D產氣桿菌47化膿性腦膜炎患者腦脊液的特點是 A外觀微混，蛋白質（+） B中性粒細胞輕度增加 C氯化物增高 D葡萄糖明顯減低 48外周血涂片中性粒細胞分葉過多最常見于 A急性失血或缺鐵性貧血 B溶血性貧血

26、C遺傳性球形細胞增多癥 D巨幼細胞性貧血 49尿試帶法蛋白尿檢查對疾病的價值是：A篩檢 B診斷 C監測 D預后 50試帶法應用PH指示劑蛋白質誤差原理檢測：AGLU BPRO CURO DKET ，BIL51角化不良可發生于： A柱狀上皮細胞 B鱗狀上皮細胞 C間皮細胞 D移行上皮細胞 52細胞學涂片上見到下列何種細胞可診斷結核病？ A類上皮細胞 B淋巴細胞 C郎格漢斯細胞 D多核巨細胞 53小細胞未分化癌可呈： A鑲嵌狀結構 B桑葚狀結構 C蝌蚪狀癌細胞 D纖維狀癌細胞 54羊水中反應胎兒皮膚逐漸發育成熟的物質是： A葡萄糖 B脂肪 C未結合膽紅素或結合膽紅素 D蛋白質及其衍生物55尿管型基

27、質中含有的主要成分為：A1球蛋白或2球蛋白 B核蛋白 CT-H糖蛋白者 D2微球蛋白 56莫氏實驗的結果，下列哪一項為正常？A24h尿量>3000ml B日間與夜間尿量比<2：1 C最高與最低尿比重差<0.009D夜間尿比重>1.020 57目前臨床用于糖尿病腎病的早期診斷和監測的首選項目是：A尿中Na+濃度 B尿中K+濃度 C尿中微量白蛋白含量DCcr ，血肌酐水平58下列哪項最能反映腎濃縮功能損害程度？A肉眼血尿 B大量蛋白尿或膿尿 C管型尿 D等滲尿 59新鮮排出的尿有爛蘋果味，提示患者為：A膀胱癌 B慢性尿潴溜或慢性膀胱炎 C苯丙酮尿癥 D糖尿病酮癥酸中毒 60

28、不屬于生理性尿液結晶的是： A草酸鈣 B酪氨酸 C尿酸 D磷酸鹽 61關于血尿的臨床意義哪項是錯誤的？A腎小球腎炎常見 B腎腫瘤可見 C過敏性紫癜不會出現 D尿路畸形或尿道結石可引起血尿 62羊水過多，是指婦女妊娠期羊水量超過：A800ml B1000ml C1500ml D2000ml63白陶土樣糞便可見于：A慢性細菌性痢疾 B阻塞性黃疸 C急性腸胃炎 D上消化道出血 64WHO規定，除多規則外，血液學質控還應增加的規則是： A1:2s B1:3s C漂移 D4:1s ，R:4s65LJ質控圖上的質控限是： A標準差的倍數 B平均值的倍數 C變異系數的倍數D均值與標準差之差 三、臨床生物化學

29、檢驗（35%）：A型題（在一組備選答案中，選擇一個最佳答案）：66、以下哪項符合腎病綜合征患者典型的電泳圖譜特征？AAlb升高 B1-球蛋白升高 C2-球蛋白升高D-球蛋白升高 67、溶血性疾病時哪種血漿蛋白質濃度下降？AAAT BAAG CTRF 或AMG DHp 68、我國臨床檢驗中心推薦測定血漿葡萄糖的方法是：己糖激酶法或葡萄糖脫氫酶法 BGOP-OR法 鄰甲苯胺法GOD-POD法 69、引發糖尿病患者并發白內障是由于：A糖異生增加或糖原分解增加 B磷酸戊糖途徑增加 C山梨醇途徑增加 D醛糖還原酶增加 70、血漿胰島素水平升高時靶細胞胰島素受體發生下列何種變化？A數目升高 B數目減少 C

30、數目沒有改變 D親和力改變，作用增強71、型高脂蛋白血癥是指空腹血漿：ACM升高 BVLDL升高 CLDL和IDL升高 DCM及VLDL升高 72、關于C反應蛋白，正確的是：為含鐵的蛋白 有氧化酶活性 電泳在1區帶能結合肺炎鏈球菌細胞壁C-多糖 73、有關同工酶，下列敘述哪一個是正確的？同工酶的蛋白結構相同 催化功能相同，理化性質不同同工酶的免疫學性質相同 同工酶是由2個以上不同亞基組成的74、LPL催化：脂肪細胞中甘油三酯的水解 肝細胞中甘油三酯的水解VLDL中甘油三酯的水解 LDL或HDL中甘油三酯的水解 75、以下關于Vit E的說法正確的是：A攝入飽和脂肪酸多的人，Vit E的需要量增

31、加B攝入不飽和脂肪酸多的人，Vit E的需要量增加C攝入飽和脂肪酸多的人，Vit E的需要量減少D攝入不飽和脂肪酸多的人，Vit E的需要量減少76、正常人血清中的膽紅素主要是：結合膽紅素 未結合膽紅素 與球蛋白結合的膽紅素與總蛋白結合的膽紅素 77、血中哪一種膽紅素增加會在尿中出現膽紅素：未結合膽紅素 結合膽紅素 肝前膽紅素間接膽紅素 78、肝內膽固醇代謝的主要終產物是：A7-膽固醇 B膽色素 C膽酰CoA D結合膽汁酸79、催化葡萄糖醛酸膽紅素生成需要：A葡萄糖醛酸基合成酶 B葡萄糖醛酸基結合酶 C葡萄糖醛酸基羧化酶D葡萄糖醛酸基轉移酶 80、內生肌酐清除率測定是反映：A近端腎小管排泌功能

32、 B遠端腎小管排泌功能 C腎小球濾過功能測定D腎臟濃縮稀釋功能 81、GFP測定的參考方法是：肌酐清除率 對氨基馬尿酸清除率 尿素清除率或尿酸清除率D菊粉清除率 82、對于有胸痛癥狀而心電圖和CK-MB檢查均正常的患者，測定下列哪項指標可幫助判斷有無微小心肌損傷？Mb CK cTn LDH1 或AST83、下列哪一種情況下血漿K+濃度會降低？創傷 高熱 饑餓或缺氧 飽食后 84、引起手足抽搐的原因是血漿中：A結合鈣濃度降低 B結合鈣濃度升高 C離子鈣濃度升高D離子鈣濃度降低 85、下列關于血鈣的敘述，正確的是：A非擴散鈣即為結合鈣，包括檸檬酸鈣 B可擴散鈣即為游離鈣 C結合鈣均不能透過毛細血管

33、壁 D.以上都是錯誤的86、胃液中可保護胃黏膜不受胃蛋白酶消化分解的成分是：內因子 胃泌素 黏液 鹽酸 87、與急性胰腺炎的自身消化作用無關的是：A磷脂酶A2 B彈力蛋白酶 C胰蛋白酶，胰血管舒緩素 D淀粉酶88、血漿T3和T4含量增加時可反饋抑制：ACTH分泌 FSH或 LH分泌 催乳素分泌 DTSH分泌 89、某藥在體內經過3個半衰期后，排出量為初始量的：25% 50% 75% 87.5% 90、大腦最重要的能量來源是：A果糖 B酮體 C葡萄糖 D脂肪酸 91、腦脊液主要由什么生成？A軟腦膜 B硬腦膜 C蛛網膜下腔 D脈絡叢 92、鑒別前列腺良、惡性腫瘤的主要指標是：Af- PSA 或t- PSA B2MG-c PSA CACT-cPSA Df- PSA/ t- PSA93、NSE主要作為哪種腫瘤的特異性標志物？A乳腺癌或子宮頸癌 B白