1、【經(jīng)典資料，woRD文檔，可編輯修改】【經(jīng)典考試資料，答案附后，看后必過(guò)，WORD文檔，可修改】閱讀理解WhoWanttoLiveForever?Ifyourdoctorcouldgiveyouadrugthatwouldletyouliveahealthylifefortwiceaslong，wouldyoutakeit?Thegoodnewsisthatwemaybedrawingneartothatdate，Scientistshavealreadyextendedthelivesofflies，wormsandmiceinlaboratories.Manynowthinkthatusi

2、nggenetictreatmentswewillsoonbeabletoextendhumanlifetoatleast140years.Thisseemsagreatidea.Thinkofhowmuchmoretimewecouldspendchasingourdreams，spendingtimewithourlovedones，watchingourfamiliesgrowandhavefamiliesoftheirown."Longerlifewouldgiveusachancetorecoverfromourmistakesandpromotelongtermthink

3、ing,"saysDrGregoryStockoftheUniversityOfCaliforniaSchoolOfPublicHealth."Itwouldalsoraiseproductivitybyaddingtotheyearwecanwork."Longerlivesdon'tjustaffectthepeoplewholivethem.Theyalsoaffectsocietyasawhole."Wehavewar，poverty，allsortsofissuesaround，andIdon'tthinkanyofthemwo

4、uldbeatallhelpedbyhavingpeoplelivelonger,"saysUSbioethicistDanielCallahan."Thequestionis'Whatwillwegetasasociety?'Isuspectitwon'tbeabettersociety."Itwouldcertainlybeaverydifferentsociety.Peoplearealreadyfindingitmoredifficulttostaymarried.Divorceratesarerising.Whatwouldhap

5、pentomarriageinasocietywherepeoplelivedfor140years?Andwhatwouldhappentofamilylifeifnineor10generationsofthesamefamilywereallaliveatthesametime?Researchintoageingmayenablewomentoremainfertileforlonger.Andthatraisestheprospectofhaving100-year-oldparents，orbrothersandsistersborn50yearsapart.Wethinkofan

6、eldersiblingassomeonewhocanprotectusandofferhelpandadvice.Thatwouldbehardtodoifthatsiblingcamefromacompletelydifferentgeneration.Workinglifewouldalsobeaffected，especiallyiftheretirementagewaslifted.Morepeoplewouldstayinworkforlonger.Thatwouldgiveusthebenefitsofage-skill，wisdomandgoodjudgment.Ontheot

7、herhand，morepeopleworkingforlongerwouldcreategreatercompetitionforjobs.Itwouldmakeitmoredifficultforyoungerpeopletofindajob.Toppostswouldbedominatedbythesamefewindividuals，makingcareerprogressmoredifficult.Andhoweasilywoulda25-year-oldemployeebeabletocommunicatewitha125-year-oldboss?Youngpeoplewould

8、beasmallerpartofasocietyinwhichpeoplelivedto140.Itmaybethatsuchasocietywouldplacelessimportanceonguidingandeducatingyoungpeople,andmoreonmakinglifecomfortablefortheold.Andsocietywouldfeelverydifferentifmoreofitsmemberswereolder.Therewouldbemorewisdom,butlessenergy.Youngpeopleliketomoveabout.Oldpeopl

9、eliketositstill.Youngpeopletendtoactwithoutthinking.Oldpeopletendtothinkwithoutacting.Youngpeoplearecuriousandliketoexperiencedifferentthings.Oldpeoplearelessenthusiasticaboutchange.Infact,theyarelessenthusiasticabouteverything.Theeffectofanti-ageingtechnologyisdeeperthanwemightthink.Butasthescience

10、advances,weneedtothinkaboutthesechangesnow."Ifthiscouldeverhappen,thenwe'dbetteraskwhatkindofsocietywewanttoget,"saysDanielCallahan."Wehadbetternotgoanywherenearituntilwehavefigurethoseproblemsout."詞匯：mice/mais/n.老鼠（復(fù)數(shù)）sibling/'sibli?/n.兄弟姐妹bioethicist生物倫理學(xué)家注釋：1. brothers

11、andsistersborn50yearsapart出生年份相隔50年的兄弟姐妹2. Wehadbetternotgoanywherenearit我們最好離它遠(yuǎn)點(diǎn)，這里的it指代前面講的anti-ageingtechnology.譯文誰(shuí)想永生？如果你的醫(yī)生能給你一種藥，這個(gè)藥能讓你健康的活兩倍長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間，你會(huì)服用嗎？140 年。好消息是我們離這一天越來(lái)越近了。科學(xué)家已經(jīng)在實(shí)驗(yàn)中延長(zhǎng)了蒼蠅、螭蟲(chóng)和老鼠的壽許多人認(rèn)為，采用基因療法，我們很快就能將人類的壽命延長(zhǎng)到至少這糠似一個(gè)好主意。想想我們將會(huì)延長(zhǎng)多少時(shí)間來(lái)追逐我們的夢(mèng)想、與愛(ài)人廝守、猾著我們的孩子成長(zhǎng)并組成他們自己的家庭。加州大學(xué)公共健康學(xué)院的格

12、里戈里？斯托克博士認(rèn)為：“長(zhǎng)壽能使我們有機(jī)會(huì)改正錯(cuò)誤，亦能促使人從長(zhǎng)計(jì)劃。同時(shí)，長(zhǎng)壽還延長(zhǎng)了人的工作時(shí)間，從而使生產(chǎn)力得到提高。"長(zhǎng)壽不僅會(huì)影響到壽命延長(zhǎng)的這個(gè)人白生活，還會(huì)影響到整個(gè)社會(huì)。"戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、貧困，所有這類問(wèn)題都確實(shí)存在著，而我認(rèn)為延長(zhǎng)人的海命并不能緩解這些問(wèn)題美國(guó)的生命倫理學(xué)家丹尼爾？卡拉漢如是說(shuō)，“我們應(yīng)該考慮的是長(zhǎng)壽將給我們的社會(huì)帶來(lái)什么？我想那將不是一個(gè)更好的社會(huì)。”當(dāng)然，那將是一個(gè)非常不同的社會(huì)。如今的人們已經(jīng)覺(jué)得保持一段婚姻比以往更加困難。離婚率在不斷上升。如果一個(gè)社會(huì)里的人都能活到140歲，那時(shí)候的婚姻將是什么樣的呢？如果一個(gè)家庭里同時(shí)生活著九或十代人，

13、那樣的家庭生活又將是怎樣的一種悄景呢？對(duì)老齡化的研究有可能延長(zhǎng)女性的育齡。那樣的話，就可能出現(xiàn)百歲的父母，或者年齡相差50歲的兄弟姐妹。其實(shí)我們是希望W舟或姐姐能夠給予我們幫助、建議和保護(hù),但是如果他們厲于另一個(gè)完全不同的年代，就很難做到這些。長(zhǎng)壽也將影響到人的職業(yè)生涯，尤其是退休年齡被推后了。更多的人將工作更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間。這能帶給我們年齡上的優(yōu)勢(shì)：熟練的技術(shù)、智慈以及準(zhǔn)確的判斷。而另一方面，更多的人工作更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間將使求職的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)更加激烈。年輕人更難找到工作。永遠(yuǎn)是少數(shù)的那幾個(gè)人占據(jù)酢商端職位，這使職業(yè)發(fā)展更加困難。想象一下：一個(gè)25歲的員工在與125歲的老板溝通時(shí)將遇到怎樣的困難？在一個(gè)人的壽命長(zhǎng)

14、達(dá)140年的社會(huì)，年輕人將是一個(gè)很小的人群。因此，這樣的社會(huì)很可能不會(huì)太看重對(duì)年輕人的教育和引導(dǎo)，反而會(huì)更重視改善老年人的生活質(zhì)世。如果一個(gè)社會(huì)的絕大多數(shù)是老年人，它將給人帶來(lái)很不同的感受。它更有智慈，卻缺乏活力。年輕人喜動(dòng)，老年人喜靜；年輕人做事缺乏思考，老年人愛(ài)思考卻缺乏行動(dòng)；年輕人好奇心強(qiáng)并可望有不同的體驗(yàn)，老年人對(duì)變化缺乏熱情，事實(shí)上，他們是對(duì)所有的事都缺乏熱侑。“逆老齡化”技術(shù)所產(chǎn)生的影響比我們想象的要深遠(yuǎn)。而隨巷科技的進(jìn)步，我們現(xiàn)在就需要去考慮這些改變。“如果這個(gè)手術(shù)有一天能實(shí)現(xiàn)，我們最好問(wèn)問(wèn)自己想得到一個(gè)怎樣的社會(huì),"丹尼爾卡拉漢說(shuō)，“在想清楚這些問(wèn)題之前，我們最好不要

15、開(kāi)始著手做這件事。”練習(xí)：1 .?WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasoneofthethingsthatlivinglongermightenableanindividualtodo?A. Spending?moretimewithhisfamily.B. Having?moreeducation.C. Realizingmoredreams.D. Workinglonger.2 .?Whichofthefollowingisimpliedinthesixthparagraph?A. MarriagesintheUStodayarequiteunstable

16、.B. MoreandmorepeopleintheUStodaywanttogetmarried.C. Livinglongerwouldmakeiteasierforpeopletomaintaintheirmaritalties.D. Ifpeoplelivelonger,theywouldstayinmarriagelonger.3 .?AllofthefollowingarepossibleeffectslivinglongermighthaveonworkinglifeEXCEPTA. Communicationbetweenemployersandemployeeswouldbe

17、moredifficult.B. Moremoneywouldbeusedbyemployeesinpaymentoftheiremployees.C. Thejobmarketwouldbemorecompetitive.D. Itwouldbemoredifficultforyoungpeopletobepromotedtotoppositions.4 .?AnimportantfeatureofasocietyinwhichpeoplelivealonglifeisthatA. itplacesmoreemphasisoneducatingtheyoung.B. itisbothwise

18、andenergetic.C. itlacksthecuriositytoexperimentwhatisnew.D. itwelcomeschanges.5.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesCallahan'sattitudetoanti-ageingtechnology?A. Optimistic.B. Pessimistic.C.Reserved.D.Negative.答案與題解：1 .B?長(zhǎng)壽使個(gè)人能做的事主要在第三、四段里講到，作者沒(méi)有提到長(zhǎng)壽可以讓人更多地接受教育。2 .?A?本題答案以下面的這兩句話為依據(jù)：People?arealready

19、finding?itmoredifficult?tostaymarried.?Divorceratesarerising.?暗示美國(guó)人目前的婚姻關(guān)系已經(jīng)十分脆弱。3 .?B?文章的第九段講了壽命延長(zhǎng)、退休推遲可能帶來(lái)的種種問(wèn)題，但作者沒(méi)有提到雇傭者需要更多的錢來(lái)支付員工的工資。4 .?C?答案可以在第十、十一這兩段里找到。5 .?C?本題的答案依據(jù)可以在最后一段里找到。Callahan認(rèn)為在搞清楚長(zhǎng)壽社會(huì)會(huì)給我們帶來(lái)哪些問(wèn)題之前，最好不要急著搞抗衰老的技術(shù)。可見(jiàn)他對(duì)抗衰老技術(shù)的發(fā)展是有保留的。SomePeopleDoNotTasteSaltLikeOthersLow-saltfoodsmayb

20、eharderforsomepeopletolikethanothers,accordingtoastudybyaPennStateCollegeofAgriculturalSciencesfoodscientist.Theresearchindicatesthatgeneticfactorsinf1uencesomeofthedifferenceinthelevelsofsaltweliketoeat.Thoseconclusionsareimportantbecauserecent,well-publicizedeffortstoreducethesaltcontentinfoodhave

21、leftmanypeoplestrugglingtoacceptfarethatsimplydoesnottasteasgoodtothemasitdoestoothers,pointedoutJohnHayes,assistantprofessoroffoodsciencewhowasleadinvestigatoronthestudy.Dietshighinsaltcanincreasetheriskofhighbloodpressureandstroke.Thatiswhypublichealthexpertsandfoodcompaniesareworkingtogetheronway

22、stohelpconsumerslowersaltintakethroughfoodsthatareenjoyabletoeat.Thisstudyincreasesunderstandingofsaltpreferenceandconsumption.Theresearchinvolved87carefullyscreenedparticipantswhosampledsaltyfoodssuchassoupandchips,onmultipleoccasions,spreadoutoverweeks.Testsubjectswere45menand42women,reportedlyhea

23、lthy,ranginginagefrom20to40years.Thesamplewascomposedofindividualswhowerenotactivelymodifyingtheirdietaryintakeanddidnotsmokecigarettes.Theyratedtheintensityoftasteonacommonlyusedscientificscale,rangingfrombarelydetectabletostrongestsensationofanykind."Mostofuslikethetasteofsalt.However,someind

24、ividualseatmoresalt,bothbecausetheylikethetasteofsaltinessmore,andalsobecauseitisneededtoblockotherunpleasanttastesinfood."saidHayes."Supertasters,peoplewhoexperiencetastesmoreintensely,consumemoresaltthandonontasters.Snackfoodshavesaltinessastheirprimaryflavor,andatleastforthesefoods,more

25、isbetter,sothesupertastersseemtolikethemmore."However,supertastersalsoneedhigherlevelsofsalttoblockunpleasantbittertastesinfoodssuchascheese,Hayesnoted."Forexample,cheeseisawonderfulblendofdairyflavorsfromfermentedmilk,butalsobittertastesfromripeningthatareblockedbysalt,"hesaid."

26、Asupertasterfindslow-saltcheeseunpleasantbecausethebitternessistoopronounced."Hayescitedresearchdonemorethan75yearsagobyachemistnamedFoxandageneticistnamedBlakeslee,showingthatindividualsdifferintheirabilitytotastecertainchemicals.Asaresult,Hayesexplained,weknowthatawiderangeintasteacuityexists

27、,andthisvariationisasnormalasvariationsineyeandhaircolor."Somepeople,calledsupertasters,describebittercompoundsasbeingextremelybitter,whileothers,callednontasters,findthesesamebittercompoundstobetastelessoronlyweaklybitter."hesaid."Responsetobittercompoundsisoneofmanywaystoidentifybio

28、logicaldifferencesinfoodpreferencebecausesupertastingisnotlimitedtobitterness.詞匯:publicize /'p?blisaiz / v.引起公眾對(duì)的注意;（用廣告）宣傳dietary /'dai?teri / adj.飲食的；規(guī)定食物的ferment / 'f?:ment / v.(使）發(fā)酵遺傳學(xué)家geneticist/d?i'netisist/n.acuity/?'kju:iti/n.敏銳；尖銳注釋：1. PennStateCollegeofAgriculturalScien

29、ces:即PennStateUniversity-CollegeofAgriculturalSciences賓州州立大學(xué)農(nóng)學(xué)院。Penn是Pennsylvania的縮寫，是美國(guó)賓夕法尼亞州州名。賓州州立大學(xué)建于1855年，在全國(guó)共有24個(gè)分校。在句中，PennStateCollegeofAgriculturalSciences用作定語(yǔ)，修飾foodscientist。2. well-publicizedeffortstoreducethesaltcontentinfood:有關(guān)減少食物含鹽量的大力宣傳的做法.3. leftmanypeoplestrugglingtoacceptfarethat

30、simplydoesnottasteasgoodtothemasitdoestoothers:使得許多人努力去接受適合其他人而不適合他們口味的食物。fare相當(dāng)于food。4. leadinvestigator:研發(fā)項(xiàng)目負(fù)責(zé)人5. carefullyscreenedparticipantswhosampledsaltyfoodsassoupandchips,onmultipleoccasion,spreadoutoverweeks:經(jīng)過(guò)仔細(xì)篩選的實(shí)驗(yàn)參與者，他們?cè)趲字軆?nèi)的不同時(shí)間里品嘗加了鹽的食物，如湯和薯?xiàng)l。6. toopronounced:止匕處pronounced為形容詞，意為veryn

31、oticeable,conspicuous（明顯的，顯著的）。7. supertasting:超重味感譯文:咸度味感因人而異賓州州立大學(xué)農(nóng)學(xué)院食品科學(xué)家進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)研究表明，有些人很難喜歡含鹽量低的食物。該研究指出，遺傳因素導(dǎo)致我們對(duì)咸度的不同喜好。該研究負(fù)責(zé)人、食品科學(xué)副教授約翰海斯指出，這些結(jié)論非常重要，因?yàn)榻趯?duì)減少食物含鹽量的大力宣傳使得許多人努力去接受適合其他人而不適合自己口味的食物。含鹽量高的飲食會(huì)增加高血壓和中風(fēng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，這就是公共健康專家和食品公司共同努力、通過(guò)可口的食品幫助消費(fèi)者減少鹽攝入量的原因。該研究使人們更加理解對(duì)鹽的喜好和攝入的差異。該研究包括87名經(jīng)過(guò)仔細(xì)篩選的參與者，

32、他們?cè)趲字艿牟煌瑫r(shí)間品嘗了湯和薯?xiàng)l等含鹽食物。參與者包括45名男性和42名女性，身體健康，年齡在20歲到40歲之間。參與者不會(huì)主動(dòng)改變自己的飲食習(xí)慣，且不吸煙。他們通過(guò)一種常用的科學(xué)量表來(lái)區(qū)別咸度味感，分為“最輕微味感”到“最強(qiáng)烈味感”等級(jí)別。海斯說(shuō)，“大部分人都喜歡鹽的味道。但是，有些人吃鹽較多，這不僅是因?yàn)樗麄兏矚g咸味，也因?yàn)樗麄冃枰涛秮?lái)遮蓋食物其他討厭的味道。口味超重的人比口味清淡的人消耗更多的鹽。因?yàn)榭觳褪称返闹饕兜谰褪窍涛叮蚁潭仍礁撸兜涝胶茫钥谖冻氐娜烁矚g快餐。”海斯還提到，口味超重的人還需要鹽來(lái)遮蓋奶酪等食物中討厭的苦味。“例如，奶酪是牛奶味和發(fā)酵苦味的完美結(jié)合

33、，而鹽可以遮蓋苦味。口味超重的人不喜歡低鹽奶酪，因?yàn)榭辔短黠@了。”海斯舉出了化學(xué)家福克斯和遺傳學(xué)家布雷克斯里75年前進(jìn)行的研究，該研究表明,人們品嘗特定化學(xué)制品的能力是不同的。海斯解釋說(shuō)，由此我們知道每個(gè)人的味覺(jué)敏度是不同的，這一差異和頭發(fā)眼睛顏色的差異一樣正常。海斯說(shuō)，“口味超重的人覺(jué)得苦味混合物非常之苦，而口味清淡的人會(huì)覺(jué)得同樣的苦味混合物沒(méi)有味道，或稍微有些苦。對(duì)苦味混合物的反應(yīng)只是確定在食物偏好方面生物差異的眾多方法之一，因?yàn)榭谖冻氐娜瞬恢皇菍?duì)苦味敏感。”練習(xí)：1 .Inparagraph2,JohnHayespointsoutthatA?itisgoodtohealthtoeat

34、foodwithoutsalt.B?manypeoplerejectlow-saltfoodcompletely.C?manypeopleacceptlow-salttastelessfoodreluctantlyD?foodwithreducedsalttastesbetter.2 .?ThefourthparagraphdescribesbrieflyA.?howtoselectsubjectsandwhattodointheresearch.B.?howtoidentifysupertastersandnontasters.C. ?whytolimitthenumberofsubject

35、sto87persons.D. ?whytoselectmoremalesubjectsthanfemaleones.3 .?ThearticlearguesthatsupertastersA?likethetasteofsaltinesstoblocksweettastesinfood.B?likesnackfoodsassaltinessistheirprimaryflavor.C?consumelesssaltbecausetheydon'tlikeintensivetastes.D?liketosharesaltycheesewithnontasters.4 .?Whichof

36、thefollowingappliestosupertastersintermsofbittertaste?A?Theylikebitternessinfoodsaswellassaltiness.B?Theylikehigh-saltcheeseasithasintensebittertaste.C?Theypreferhigh-saltcheese,whichtasteslessbitter.D?Theypreferhigh-saltcheeseasitisgoodtohealth.5 .?Whatmessagedothelasttwoparagraphscarry?A.?Tasteacu

37、ityisgeneticallydetermined.8 .?Tasteacuityisdevelopedovertimeafterbirth.C?Tasteacuityisrelatedtoone'seyeandhaircolor.D?Tasteacuityisstillamysterioussubjectinscience.答案與題解：1 .C?根據(jù)短文的第二段內(nèi)容，很多人因?yàn)槭澄镏械暮}量降低，所以必須做出很大努力(struggling)去適應(yīng)，而低鹽食物對(duì)于他們來(lái)說(shuō)，口味很不好(farethatsimplydoesnottastegoodtothem)。選項(xiàng)C有acceptre

38、luctantly(勉強(qiáng)接受)表達(dá)了這層意思，所以是正確的選擇。A、B、D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)均是錯(cuò)誤的。2 .?A?第四段介紹了科學(xué)家是如何設(shè)計(jì)這項(xiàng)研究的，它包含了研究對(duì)象的人數(shù)、性另八人選條件、咸度味感分級(jí)表等。選項(xiàng)A概括了這方面的內(nèi)容，所以是答案。而選項(xiàng)B、C、D所述內(nèi)容均不符合該段的意思。3 .?B?短文的第五段提供了答案。supertaster在這里的意思是：口味重的人，在本文中，nontaster是其反義詞，即，口味清談的人。該段告訴我們，口味重的人消耗更多的鹽；因?yàn)榭觳褪称返闹饕兜谰褪窍涛叮蚁潭仍礁撸谖对胶茫钥谖吨氐娜藢?duì)快餐較為偏愛(ài)。選項(xiàng)B表達(dá)了上述內(nèi)容，所以是答案。4 .?C短

39、文第六段提供了答案。該段告訴我們，奶醋發(fā)酵會(huì)產(chǎn)生苦味，supertasters不喜歡苦味，而高含鹽量可以蓋住奶酷里的苦睞，這是他們偏愛(ài)高鹽奶酷的原因。所以，只有C是正確選擇。5 .?A文章第七段中，Hayes引用了75年前一位遺傳學(xué)專家的實(shí)驗(yàn)。從這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，Hayes得出的結(jié)論是，Tasteacuity（味覺(jué)敏度）上的差異與他們頭發(fā)和眼睛的顏色上的差異是同一類現(xiàn)象，也就是說(shuō)，都是與生俱來(lái)的。第八段又說(shuō)，這是一種biologicaldifference（生物差異），所以A是答案。B說(shuō)味覺(jué)敏度是后天形成的，顯然與作者的結(jié)論相左。C說(shuō)味覺(jué)敏度的差異與頭發(fā)和眼睛的顏色上的差異有關(guān)，顯然是錯(cuò)誤的。D的內(nèi)

40、容在最后兩段都沒(méi)有提到，所以不會(huì)是答案。完型填空DreamsEveryonecandream.Indeed,everyonedoesdream.Thosewho1thattheyneverdreamatallactuallydream2asfrequentlyastherestofus,3theymaynotrememberanythingaboutit.Eventhoseofuswhoareperfectly4ofdreamingnight5nightveryseldomrememberthosedreamsin6detailbutmerelyretainanuntidymixtureofs

41、eeminglyunrelatedimpressions.Dreamsarenotsimplyvisual-wedreamwithallour7,sothatweappeartoexperiencesound,touch,smell,andtasteOneoftheworld'soldest8writtendocumentsistheEgyptianBookofDreams.Thisvolumeisaboutfivethousandyearsold,soyoucan9thatdreamswerebelievedtohaveaspecialsignificanceeventhen.Man

42、yancientcivilizationsbelievedthatyou10neveraskasleepingpersonas,duringsleep,thesoulhadleftthebodyandmightnotbeabletoreturn11timeifthesleeperweresuddenly12.Fromancienttimestothepresent13,peoplehavebeen14attemptstointerpretdreamsandtoexplaintheirsignificance.Therearemanybooksavailableonthesubjectofdre

43、aminterpretation.althoughunfortunatelytherearealmostasmanymeaningsforaparticulardream15therearebooks詞匯：Frequently /'fri:kw?ntli/ adv. Significance/ significance / n. civilization / ,sivilai'zei?n, / n. interpret / in't?:prit / erpretation / in,t?:pri'tei?n / n.時(shí)常，屢次；頻繁地，經(jīng)常地重要性，

44、意義文明，文化解釋，說(shuō)明口譯解釋，口譯seldom/'seld?m/adv.很少，不常retain/ri'tein/vt.保持；雇；t己住注釋:1. .veryseldomrememberthosedreamsindetailbutmerelyretainanuntidymixture.but.不而是2. Fromancienttimestothepresent.從古至今練習(xí):demandBpromiseCagreeDclaimalsoBjustConlyDquitethoughBbesidesChoweverDdespitefamiliarBaccustomedCawareD

45、usedafterBonCthroughDovergreatBhighCstrongDdeepfeelingsBemotionsCimpressionsDsensesconsideredBknownCregardedDstimatedseeBfeelCensureDthinkwouldBoughtCshouldDneedbyBinCwithDforawokeBawokenCawakeDawakenminuteB hourC moment D daydoingBputtingCmakingDtakingasBlikeCsoDsuch答案與題解：1. D這里是一個(gè)復(fù)合從句，缺的部分是帶后邊賓語(yǔ)從句

46、的一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)成分。根據(jù)后邊賓語(yǔ)從句白內(nèi)容"neverdreamatall",可以判斷此處應(yīng)該是claim,聲稱。demand,promise,agree都有后邊的語(yǔ)義不符。-2. Basfrequentlyas已經(jīng)表達(dá)了"同樣"的意思，所以also不符合這一空。quite不能用來(lái)修飾as.as這樣的詞組，而根據(jù)上下午的語(yǔ)境，這里應(yīng)該是"剛好，恰恰”所以最佳答案是Justo3. A根據(jù)上下文的語(yǔ)-境，可以判斷出這一空所銜接的前后兩個(gè)句子有轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系，而且后一句為條件，despite與though都可以表示.“雖然，盡管"的意思，但是des

47、pite是做介詞是才有"雖然，盡管”的意思，此處缺的是一個(gè)連接詞，所以只能用though.4. C這四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有aware可以與of搭配，策示"意識(shí)到，accustomed通常與to搭配，表示習(xí)慣于，同樣usedto也表示習(xí)慣于。而familiar通常與with搭配，表示"對(duì)一熟悉"。從語(yǔ)義與搭配兩個(gè)層面來(lái)看，最合適的都是aware.5. Anightafternight"一夜又一夜”，固定搭配。同樣的結(jié)構(gòu)還有yearafteryear,dayafterday,weekafterweek。相似的結(jié)構(gòu)有daybyday,”逐日，天天”;yea

48、rbyyear,”逐年，一年年.6. A此處是在indetail這一表達(dá)當(dāng)中增加了一個(gè)形容詞，來(lái)表示細(xì)致的程度。high表示高度的變化，strong是強(qiáng)度，deep是深度，用來(lái)表示細(xì)致都不合適。所以應(yīng)該用great,ingreatdetail,表示細(xì)致入微，描述得淋漓盡致。7. D從前邊的visual,以及后邊的sound,touch,smell,taste這些可以看出，這里指的是人所有的各種感官的感覺(jué)。感官叫做senseorgan,所以這種種的感覺(jué)通常都用sense來(lái)表示。8. B根據(jù)上下文，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)此處是在描述一個(gè)事實(shí)。因此首先排除estimated"估計(jì)”，而這本最古老的書(shū)是已

49、經(jīng)被認(rèn)定過(guò)7的，所以regard,consider都不合適，因此，最佳答案應(yīng)該是known,目前所知的。9. A此處是通過(guò)從前文所描述的這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)，可以讓我們認(rèn)識(shí)到這個(gè)空后邊所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容。因此不是feel,think.也不是讓我們確認(rèn)，而只是發(fā)現(xiàn)，所以也不是ensured,而應(yīng)該是see。10. C根據(jù)上下文的語(yǔ)境，可以判斷出此處表達(dá)的是不能，不應(yīng)叫醒睡夢(mèng)中的人。首先排除need,另外ought通常跟to一塊使用，所以也不可能。而would更should兩者相比，后者的程度更深，更符合這個(gè)語(yǔ)境。11. B此處應(yīng)該是及時(shí)的意思，intime,固定搭配。12. B此處考察的是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，與動(dòng)詞aw

50、ake的變形。這里是被叫醒，所以A和C都排除了，表示被動(dòng)態(tài)而且形式又正確的應(yīng)該是Bawoken.13. D這里表達(dá)的是從古到今的意思，通常都用籠統(tǒng)一些的概念，minute,moment表示的比較具體。所以用day比較合適。14. C此處所表達(dá)的是人類一直在嘗試，"嘗試，試圖”通常直接用attemptto,或者用makeattemptsto,固定搭配。15. Aas.as句式，這里所表達(dá)的前后一樣是指書(shū)的數(shù)目，與書(shū)中對(duì)夢(mèng)解釋的數(shù)目的一致性。AHealthProfileAHealthprofileisaportraitofallofthefactorsthatinfluenceyourh

51、ealth.Todrawyourhealthprofile,youwill1whatdiseasesruninyourfamily,whathealthhazardsyoumaybeexposedto2work,owyourdaily3comparestotherecommendedstandards,hownluchtimeperweekyou4exercisingandwhattypeofexerciseyouengage5,howstressfulyourworkandfamilyenvironmentsare,whatkindsofillnessesyougetregularly,an

52、d6ornotyouhaveanyoneofanumberofaddictions.7thisportrait,youshouldhaveacheckuptodeterminehowyourblood,heart,andlungsarecheckupwillserve8abaseline,towhichyoucanthencomparelatertests.9thisprofileisthoroughlydrawn,youcanbegintothinkaboutsettinghealthprioritiesbased10yourparticularportrait.Forexample,ify

53、oudrinktwomartiniseveryevening,haveahigh-stress11,areoverweight,smokeapackofcigarettesaday,andusemarijuanaoccasionallyonweekends,youshouldquitsmokingfirst,followed12losingtheexcessweight,reducingthestressofyourjob,givingupyourmarihuanahabit,andthenfinallygiveingsome16. tothosemartinisifyouwanttoprev

54、entfirstcancer,andthenheartdisease.Evenfortheyouthfulworkingpersonwhohasneverbeensickadayinhislife,whois14excellenthealth.agoodlookatallhealthhabitsandatworkandhomeenvironmentsmaysuggestchangesthatwill15himinthefuture練習(xí):knowBhaveknownCneedknowDneedtoknowwithBinConDatdietBmealsCfoodDdinneruseBdevoteC

55、spendDtakeonBinCwithDaboutifBwhetherCeitherDneitherTocompleteBCompletingCCompletionDTobecompletedasBforConDaboutUnlessBOnceCIfDAlthougharoundBwithCaboutD0nworkBtaskCjobDplaceonBwithCafterDbythoughtBideaCthinkingDtalkforBin|CwithDonreapBharvestCbenefitDleadLifeExpectancyintheLastHundredYearsA hundred

56、 years agolifeexpectancyindevelopedcountrieswasabout47:intheearly21stcentury,menintheUnitedStatesandtheUnitedKingdomcanexpecttolivetoabout74.Womentoabout80,andtheselarerisingallthetime.Whathasbrought2thesechanges?Whenwelookatthelife3ofpeoplel00yearsago,weneedtolookatthegreatest4ofthetime.Intheearly2

57、0thcentury,theseweretheacuteandoften3infectiousdiseasessuchassmallpox.Manychildrendiedveryyoungfromthesediseasesandothers,andtheweakandelderlywerealwaysatrisk.Inthe6worldthesediseasesarefar7today,andinsomecaseshavealmostdisappeared.Anumberof8haveledtothis:improvementsinsanitationandhygiene,thediscov

58、eryanduseofantibiotics,which9bacterialdiseasesmuchlessdangerous,andvaccinationsl0common,people'sgeneralhealthhasimprovedwithimprovementsinourgeneralenvironment:cleanerair,bettermeansofpreservingfood,betterandwarmerhousing,andbetterunderstandingofnutrition.Genetically,weshouldallbeabletolivetoabout85butl2peopledolivelongertoday,therearestillsomebigkillersaroundthat