1、1、形容詞和副詞的基本用法；2、形容詞和副詞的級別；3、常見形容詞和副詞的用法比較。1. 定義定義是修飾名詞表示名詞屬性的詞是修飾名詞表示名詞屬性的詞,常放在它常放在它所修飾的名詞之前所修飾的名詞之前Eg: I have a big bag.3、形容詞的詞義、形容詞的詞義 - Im very _ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious. - Mm, it does have a _ smell. (2002北京) A. pleasant, pleasedB. pleased, pleased C. pleasant, pl

2、easantD. pleased, pleasantD D分詞形容詞： -ed 形容詞: 人.感到的 -ing形容詞: 令人.的 Their cheerful voice showed that they were having a _ discussion. (1997上海) A. noisyB. seriousC. complete D. friendly If it is quite _ to you, I will visit you next Tuesday. （05天津卷） A. convenient B. fair C. easy D. comfortable D DA A4、后

3、置定語問題、后置定語問題All the people _ at the party were his supporters. (02北京) A. presentB. thankfulC. interested D. importantA A1).形容詞短語作定語，定語后置。形容詞短語作定語，定語后置。 eg. a language difficult to master a leaning tower about 180 feet high幾種特殊情況，幾種特殊情況， 須牢記：須牢記：2）表語形容詞：表語形容詞：(1)以以a-開頭的開頭的 afraid alive alone ashamed

4、asleep awake一般只做表語一般只做表語，若作定語，定語后置若作定語，定語后置He is the only man awake at that time. (2)某些表示健康的某些表示健康的 fine ill well faint(頭暈的）頭暈的） sick既可作表語又可作定語，既可作表語又可作定語，ill 如作定語意如作定語意“bad” (3)某些描述感覺或心情的某些描述感覺或心情的 glad pleased sorry 5).不定式短語，動名詞短語，分詞短語，介詞短語不定式短語，動名詞短語，分詞短語，介詞短語做定語要后置做定語要后置。如如 There was a plane fly

5、ing in the sky. The water from the factory made the river worse and worse.4). else 修飾不定代詞和疑問代詞時，要后置。修飾不定代詞和疑問代詞時，要后置。如：如：Nobody else is so silly as you are.3). 修飾修飾some, any, no, every 構成的復合不定代詞構成的復合不定代詞形容詞通常后置形容詞通常后置 。 something new; nothing serious6) enough作作adj.足夠的足夠的;充分的充分的，作定語置于被修飾的名詞前后均作定語置于被修

6、飾的名詞前后均可可I have enough time（time enough）to finish the work.我有足夠的時間來完成這項工作我有足夠的時間來完成這項工作.注意：注意：enough作作adv.十分地十分地;充分地充分地;足夠地足夠地;充充足地足地，置于被修飾的形容詞或副詞之后，置于被修飾的形容詞或副詞之后He is not old enough to go to school.他年齡太小他年齡太小,不能去上學不能去上學鞏固練習：鞏固練習：1. _ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of usef

7、ul skills. A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students C. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave2. There is _ to hold the water. A. nothing big enoughB. nothing enough big C. big enough nothingD. enough big nothingC CA A5、以、以-ly 結尾的形容詞結尾的形容詞問題問題5：What he said sounds _. (1993上海) nicelyB

8、. pleasantly C. friendlyD. wonderfullyC C John Smith, a successful businessman, has a car. Alarge German white Blarge white German Cwhite large German DGerman large white B Badj排序的記憶排序的記憶“限觀形齡色國材限觀形齡色國材” 縣縣(限限)代表限定詞代表限定詞,包括冠詞包括冠詞,指示代詞指示代詞,形容詞性物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞,名詞所有格名詞所有格,數詞等數詞等.官官(觀觀)代表表示代表表示觀點的描繪性觀點的描繪性

9、形容詞形容詞,如如:fine,beautiful,interesting等等.行行(形形)代表表示代表表示大小大小,長短長短,高低及形狀高低及形狀的形容詞的形容詞,如如:small,tall,high,little,round等等.令令(齡齡)代表表示年代表表示年齡齡,新舊新舊的形容詞的形容詞,如如:old,young等等.射射(色的近似音色的近似音)代表表示代表表示顏色顏色的形容詞的形容詞,如如:white,black,yellow等等.國代表表示國代表表示國籍國籍,地區地區,出處出處的形容詞的形容詞(名詞名詞),如如:English,American,mountain等等.材則代表形成中心

10、名詞的材則代表形成中心名詞的材料材料的形容詞的形容詞,如如:stone,wooden,silk,plastic等等.adj排序的記憶排序的記憶“限觀形齡色國材限觀形齡色國材” 一座古老漂亮的石橋兩張新的中國式的木制大圓桌多個形容詞同時修飾一個名詞時,就按上述順序排列,然后加上中心名詞.1.a fine old stone bridge2.two big round new Chinese wooden tables This _ girl is Linds cousin. (05北京卷) A. pretty little SpanishB. Spanish little pretty C. S

11、panish pretty littleD. little pretty Spanish One day they crossed the _bridge behind the palace. A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone oldA AA A 1). worth - worthy 值得的，可尊敬的- worthwhile 2) alike （相似的；相同的）- like -likely 3) dead - deadly 4) live（ 活的，實況轉播的；精力充沛的

12、） lively （活潑的；生動的） alive（活著的） living（活的；現存的；逼真的） 5) possible - likely - probable 6) respectable (可敬的、高尚的) respectful (表示敬意的) A respectable man is respectful to others. 7) healthy (健康的) - healthful (有益于健康的) The air at seaside is healthful to us. So all of us are healthy.鞏固練習：鞏固練習： The World Cup in Fr

13、ance was the biggest _ football match in the world. A. aliveB. liveC. livelyD. living2. Anyone who has spent time with children knows the difference in the way boys and girls respond (反應) to the _ situation. A. likelyB. sameC. alikeD. similar3. Anyone who has spent time with children knows the diffe

14、rence in the way boys and girls respond (反應) to _ situations. A. likelyB. sameC. alikeD. similar4. Its _ to rain but not _ before evening. A. possible probableB. probable possibleB BB BA AD歸納：歸納：常見句型：Its likely/ probable/ possible that.Its possible for sb. to do sthSb/sth. be likely to do sth always

15、(100%) / usually(80%) / often(60%) / sometimes(40%)(=not always) / seldom(20%) / never(0%)/ once(一次) / twice(二次) rarely / hardly ever / scarcely ever (很少) ever(曾經) She is sometimes very busy. 她有時很忙。她有時很忙。I will never forget this lesson. 我將永遠忘不了這一課我將永遠忘不了這一課We often go there. 我們常去那兒。我們常去那兒。 It was ra

16、ining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood _ to her mother.( 2002北京) A. closeB. closelyC. closed D. closingWe decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining _. (1996 N) A. badlyB. hardlyC. strongly D. heavilyA AD Dclose to 離近，此處 close 是副詞；closely 表示“密切地”，與題意無關。表示 “雨下得大”可用 rain har

17、d; rain heavily等，不用 badly 或 strongly。表示“刮大風”可用 strong wind。hardly 是否定詞，與句意無關。注意注意：The person who talks most is often the one who does least.說得最多的人常常干得最少。說得最多的人常常干得最少。 The audience consisted mostly of women.He works hard all day.他整天都在使勁地干活。他整天都在使勁地干活。 He hardly works at all.他很少干活他很少干活3. late“晚晚”； lat

18、ely “最近最近”You have come too late.What have you been doing lately?這兩種副詞形式含義完全不同，這兩種副詞形式含義完全不同，4.close 與與 closely close “近近”； closely “仔細地仔細地”He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely.free 與與 freelyfree “免費免費”；freely “無限制地，無限制地，You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.You may speak freel

19、y; say what you like. 6. near adv. 附近附近,鄰近鄰近 nearly “幾乎，差不多幾乎，差不多” Its nearly five oclock. Come near and listen to me. 7. just：剛剛，僅僅，正好。：剛剛，僅僅，正好。justly：公正地。：公正地。Ive just arrived.I want to be treated justly. （我需要公正對待。）（我需要公正對待。）8. deep “深”，表示時間和空間深度；deeply深深地, 常表示感情上的深度，He pushed the stick deep into

20、 the mud.He often works deep into the night.Even father was deeply moved by the film. 9. high表示空間高度；highly表示程度，相當于much The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion.10. wide表示空間寬度； 廣泛地；廣闊地； widely “廣泛地”，“在許多 地方”He opened the door wide so that the room was lighter. English is widely used

21、in the world.不帶-ly的副詞表示具體的行為和動作， 以-ly結尾常常是抽象性的行為和狀況。_, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. （04上海春季） A. Strangely enough B. Enough strangely C. Strange enough D. Enough strange Can you believe that in _ a rich country there should be _ many poor people? (1995

22、 N) A. such, such B. such, so C. so, so D. so, suchA AB B副詞 enough 要放在形容詞和副詞的后面，形容詞 enough 放在名詞前后都可。A: 基本句型：such + (a) + adj. + n. ; so + adj. + a + n.B: such 后可加各種名詞，而so后面只能加單數名詞；C: so 可加 many, much, few, little 等，而such不能。鞏固練習：鞏固練習： Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _ to carry all the wa

23、y home. （03全國卷） Amuch too heavyBtoo much heavy Cheavy too muchDtoo heavy muchA Amuch too 是副詞，+adj./adv.；too much 是名詞或形容詞，可單獨使用或修飾名詞。 John is very lazy. He falls _ behind in his studies. A. very B. far C. more D. still Must I turn off the gas after cooking ? Of course . You can never be careful with

24、that . (05江西卷) Aenough Btoo Cso Dvery B BB B“far behind ”表示“遠遠地掉在后面”。“can never be too ” 意為“越就越好”形容詞副詞的比較級和最高級形容詞副詞的比較級和最高級可分規則和不規則可分規則和不規則2種形式種形式1. 規則變化規則變化 單音節詞一般在詞尾加單音節詞一般在詞尾加-er和和-est如果以如果以-e結尾的單音節詞，僅加結尾的單音節詞，僅加-r和和-st, eg: large如果已輔音字母加如果已輔音字母加y結尾的少數雙音節詞，把結尾的少數雙音節詞，把y變變成成i再加再加-er和和-est，例如：，例如：h

25、appy如果單音節詞以一個輔音字母結尾的閉音節，需如果單音節詞以一個輔音字母結尾的閉音節，需雙寫詞尾再加雙寫詞尾再加-er和和-est, 例如：例如：bigbiggerbiggest如果以如果以er, ow結尾的少數雙音節詞結尾的少數雙音節詞,加加-er,-est, eg: clever, narrow不以不以y, er, ow結尾的雙音節詞結尾的雙音節詞,全部多音節的形容全部多音節的形容詞或副詞，形式上與分詞相同的形容詞以及以詞或副詞，形式上與分詞相同的形容詞以及以 ly結尾的副詞結尾的副詞,都在詞前加都在詞前加 more, most 如： good（well）betterbest bad（

26、ill）worseworst oldolder/elderoldest/eldest many/muchmoremost littlelessleast far further/farther furthest/farthest 2.有少數形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級是有少數形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級是不規則的，必須熟記不規則的，必須熟記smallgreatclevernarrowlargenicehotfateasyheavyeasilytiredsmallersmallest greatergreatest cleverercleverest narrowernarrowest larg

27、erlargest nicernicest hotterhottest fatterfattest more easilymost easily more tiredmost tiredheavierheaviest easiereasiest 鞏固練習：鞏固練習：注意： 1.一些形容詞沒有比較級最高級形式 如：right wrong perfect sure round empty wonderful 等2.英語中有少數詞本身就是以比較級的形式出現的 如： former, inner, outer, upperMy former student 我以前的同學Inner Mongolia 內蒙

28、古Outer space 外太空The upper lip 上唇形容詞副詞比較級和最高級的常用形容詞副詞比較級和最高級的常用5. 兩種情況同時變化時兩種情況同時變化時，4.表示程度遞增時：表示程度遞增時：8.數量詞數量詞 + senior / junior + to 9. 否定詞否定詞+比較級比較級 表達最高級含義表達最高級含義 e. This room is twice as big as that one.5. 兩種情況同時變化時兩種情況同時變化時，4.表示程度遞增時：表示程度遞增時：用用“比較級比較級 and + 比較級比較級”結構，結構，表示表示用用the + 比較級比較級the +

29、比較級比較級1. A is + 倍數倍數 the size ( height / length /width /depth ) of B2. A is + 倍數倍數 as as B3. A is + 倍數倍數 比較級比較級 than B注意：注意： times 表三倍以上表三倍以上 ， 兩倍用兩倍用 twice /doubleYour room is twice as large as mine.Your room is twice the size of mine. He is seven years senior to his wife.He is senior to his wife b

30、y seven years.He is superior to Mr. Zhang in chemistry. 8. 某些以某些以ior 結尾的形容詞進行比較時，用結尾的形容詞進行比較時，用to代替代替than .這些詞有這些詞有inferior (劣等的劣等的 ,次的次的)，superior, junior(資歷較淺的）資歷較淺的）, senior 。 數量詞數量詞 + senior / junior + to 9. 否定詞+比較級 表達最高級含義(never/no/not等）Your story is perfect, I never heard a better one before.I

31、t couldnt be better.注意：和注意：和more有關的詞組有關的詞組 1) the more the more越就越 The harder you work，the greater progress youll make.2) more B than A與其說A不如說B less A than B He is more lazy than slow at his work. = He is less slow than lazy at his work.4) more thanShe is more than kind to us all. She is more than a

32、 teacher but a friend. There are more than 40 students in our class. I love you more than I can say. John is the tallest boy in the class, _ according to himself. （05安徽卷） (B) A. five foot eight as tall as B. as tall as five foot eight C. as five foot eight tall as D. as tall five foot eight as What a table! Ive never seen such a thing before. It is _ it is long. （05湖北卷） Ahalf not as wide asBwide not as half as Cnot half as wide asDas wide as not half B BC Cas tall as “高達”, five foot eight = five feet eight inchesas wide as 是比較，所以倍數詞應放在前面。鞏固練習：鞏固練習：I