1、戶外空間之公共座椅型態(tài)與使用者間之互動(dòng)性研究蔡淑萍摘要 伴隨著生活型態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)變，人們將自己的生活空間侷限在建築物裡，與社會(huì)、都市、戶外環(huán)境的關(guān)係日益薄弱，亦不加以重視。另一方面，因溝通方式的改變，我們愈來(lái)愈習(xí)慣於透過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)與親友聯(lián)繫，卻也漸漸忘記實(shí)際面對(duì)面時(shí)所帶來(lái)的興奮與真實(shí)。然而事實(shí)上若仔細(xì)體會(huì)在我們的日常生活中從邁出家門的那一刻起，我們其實(shí)就已開始與他人產(chǎn)生真實(shí)的互動(dòng)行為，例如：見面、目光交接、打招呼、交談、嘻笑等。存在於戶外空間的不僅僅只是人與人的互動(dòng)，其中更具備了人與環(huán)境中物件的互動(dòng)性。人們?cè)谌粘Ｖ杏幸饣驘o(wú)意地使用物件，在心裡形成各種的感覺(jué)或感受，同時(shí)也反射或反映在其行為模式上。若能再藉由

2、使用物件之經(jīng)驗(yàn)與他人產(chǎn)生話題，則可能進(jìn)而構(gòu)成了人與物件、人與人的互動(dòng)。 本研究發(fā)現(xiàn)街道家具是戶外空間中與人們行為活動(dòng)最為息息相關(guān)之物件。故將研究重點(diǎn)著重在探討街道家具與使用者間，透過(guò)行為所產(chǎn)生之意識(shí)溝通，本研究將其視為人與物件之互動(dòng)性，且本研究對(duì)象鎖定為公共座椅，以臺(tái)中市美術(shù)園道與大容東西街之公共座椅作為實(shí)際探勘之研究對(duì)象。採(cǎi)非參與式觀察法進(jìn)行使用行為活動(dòng)之紀(jì)錄與影像攝影，以探討使用者行為與物件之互動(dòng)關(guān)係；另外，亦採(cǎi)用封閉式問(wèn)卷與居民訪談等方式了解使用者對(duì)於座椅之外觀意象與心理感覺(jué)等相關(guān)使用意識(shí)。本研究結(jié)果認(rèn)為座椅應(yīng)變換與組合各種不同基本型態(tài)要素增加使用者姿態(tài)與行為活動(dòng)之多元性，並考量適度添加

3、曲線式、R角圓弧設(shè)計(jì)等外觀之造形元素，誘發(fā)使用者產(chǎn)生更多樣的行為促使人與物件的互動(dòng)更加頻繁，因?yàn)槭褂谜卟活A(yù)期之使用行為，往往能間接促成戶外活動(dòng)之多元性。本研究以工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)觀點(diǎn)思考公共空間中的物件設(shè)計(jì)條件，期冀該成果能為日後都市規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)等相關(guān)領(lǐng)域之參考。關(guān)鍵字：公共座椅、互動(dòng)行為、典型與非典型。A Study of the Interaction between Public Chairs Types and Users in Outdoor SpaceShu-Ping TsaiAbstract With the changes of life style, people spend daily

4、lives in buildings, have weak relationships increasingly with society, cities and environment, and dont take them seriously. On the other hand, with the changes of communicative ways, we get used to keep in touch with relatives and friends by internet, but forget the excitement and reality in face t

5、o face. However in fact, if we realize carefully in daily, we will know people already behave interactively with others. For example we meet, transfer eyes, greet, talk, and smile to other persons. Interaction in outdoor space is not only among humans but also between humans and surroundings. People

6、 use product consciously or unconsciously in daily life, then may have some emotions and feeling that also reflect on their behavioral mode at the same time. By using experiences to increase the topics of conversation, it may cause the interaction between people and objects or among people. Street f

7、urniture is the most relative matter with persons in outdoor space, so the emphasis focuses on discussing the conscious communication through behaviors between street furniture and users. This research thinks the conscious communication is interaction between humans and matters, and takes public cha

8、irs of Art Greenway and Darong East & West St as research subjects. Take the non-participant observation to record users behaviors, and then to discuss the interactive relationship between users behaviors and matters. On the other hand, close questionnaires and inhabitants interview are also use

9、d to realize how users feel about appearance images and psychological emotions of public chairs. Study results hold what public chairs types should be varied by basic form elements to make users gestures and activities abundant, and consider add some curve lines, an arc, an angle, etc. some form elements to induce more various behaviors make the interact more frequently. Because of users unexpected behaviors always make outdoor activities more various indirectly. This study takes industrial design viewpoint to think the design elements