1、精選優(yōu)質文檔-傾情為你奉上五年級上冊英語語法知識點一、注意名詞單復數：1、可數名詞復數用于：How many后面； some/any/many/a lot of/ two, three后面；these/those后面all the后面； between后面跟一種物體時，這個物體用復數 like 后面are前面的人稱和名詞用復數: we/they/the children2、名詞復數的變化規(guī)則：1）一般直接+s：bears，students，2）以s. x. sh. ch結尾，加es：bus-buses， box-boxes，3）以“輔音字母+y”結尾，把y變?yōu)閕, 再加ies：libraryl

2、ibraries hobby-hobbies story-stories4) 不規(guī)則名詞復數:man-men，woman-women，policeman-policemen, foot-feet, Child-children3、 不可數名詞: water, soup, milk, juice, tea, coffee, bread(面包), rice(米飯), hair等等。二、注意一般現在時動詞的第三人稱單數；(注：所有否定句、疑問句中，動詞都用原形。)1、肯定句中哪些情況下用第三人稱單數： (俗稱：三單)1） 人稱代詞he, she, it作主語時；2） 單個人名、地名或稱呼作主語時；3

3、） 單數可數名詞或 "this / that / the+單數可數名詞" 作主語時；4） 不可數名詞作主語時； 5、當數字或字母作主語時，等等。2、 動詞第三人稱單數變化規(guī)則如下： 1) 一般情況下,動詞后面直接加s. 如：works / plays/ reads 2) 以s. x. sh. ch 或o結尾的動詞,在后面加es.例:teach-teaches, watch-watches, do-does, go-goes3) 以輔音字母+y結尾的動詞, 把 y變?yōu)閕, 再加es. 例：study- studies fly-flies carry-carries4）不規(guī)則動

4、詞的第三人稱單數：havehas；beis三、人稱代詞、名詞所有格及序數詞單數復數一二三一二三主格IyouhesheItweyouthey賓格meyouhimherItusyouthem物主代詞my我的your你的his他的her她的Its它的our我們的your你們的their他們的1、主格用來作句中的主語，用于動詞前面。例：They are doctors.2、賓格用來作句中的賓語，放在動詞或介詞的后面。本冊書上出現的詞組： in front of her show her around push me teach you Whats wrong with him? write him a

5、 letter Heres a Christmas card for you. Let me. chat with them on the Internet give it a cake 3、形容詞性物主代詞+名詞形容詞性物主代詞,之所以叫它們形容詞是因為他們必須放在名詞前面。4、名詞所有格 作形容詞性，表示所屬關系；在人名或稱呼后加s，以s結尾的，直接加。如：mothers，parents5、序數詞first-second-third-fourth 1) 序數詞一般要與the連用; 2）在某一層樓用介詞on。四、選擇和用所給詞適當形式填空1、哪些情況加動詞原形 （注：有to時，to跟后面的動

6、詞原形放在同一空格）1） want to +動詞原形 2）would like to +動詞原形 3）its time to +動詞原形4）情態(tài)動詞can+動詞原形 5）助動詞（do, does , dont, doesnt）+動詞原形6）let+動詞原形 7）祈使句中動詞用原形 (如Do your homework, please.)8）否定句在句首加Dont (如Dont do your homework, please)+動詞原形2、哪些情況加動詞ing1）like 2）go 3）be good at 4）be 5)后面跟名詞，如swimming lesson動詞+ing變化規(guī)則如下:A

7、、直接加上ing: draw-drawing play-playing read-reading B、以不發(fā)音的e結尾，去e加上ingskate-skating make-making dance-dancing have-having come-coming write-writing C、以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾的單詞要雙寫尾字母，再加上ing從單詞的末尾開始往前數符合“輔音-元音-輔音”結構的。（注：詞尾是w和y的除外，如：drawing, playing等除外）; run-running sit-sitting put-putting chat-chatting get-getting swi

8、m-swimming stop-stopping shop-shopping 3形容詞加名詞（形名） 如: a beautiful girl4動詞加副詞（動副） 如: swim well5Some和any用法:“some”一般用于肯定句，“any”用于否定句和疑問句。但在一些表示委婉請求，想得到對方肯定回答時也用“some”。(小技巧：末尾是句號，句中是any，那這句型是否定句)6There be 結構就近原則, be動詞的選擇取決于緊跟在后面的名詞數量。 如：There is a teacher and some students in the classroom.7樂器前加the, 球類前

9、不加the. 如：play the piano, play football8. Who當作特殊的第三人稱單數 (Who sings well? )9. 一般現在時構成：1)主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。 2)主語+行為動詞+其它。關鍵詞： always, usually, often, sometimes, on Sundays, every (注：主語為第三人稱單數，動詞加s, es或輔音+y時，把 y變?yōu)?i 再加es； 其他時候動詞用原形 )10. 現在進行時關鍵詞：look, listen, now (注：be動詞(is am are) +動詞ing, 兩者缺一不可)11.

10、 and前后謂語動詞一致。指當句子中有兩個或兩個以上的謂語動詞共用同一個主語時，一般謂語動詞的時態(tài)保持一致。She often goes fishing and takes photos. Lets go and have some chicken.12、相同意思不同用法的辨析：1）有； there is/are和have/has there is/are表示在某地有某物（或某人）；表示存在；there be就近原則；have/has表示某人有某物；表示所屬關系；前面必須有主語。2）也； too-either-also too用于肯定句和疑問句句末；either用于否定句句末；also用于句中

11、。3）都； both-allboth用于兩者都；all用于三者及以上都。4）好； good-wellgood+名詞； 動詞+well。5) 和；with-andwith是介詞，意思是“和一起”，后面跟名詞或代詞的賓格。and 是連詞，意思是“和”， 用and連接兩個單數名詞或代詞作主語時,謂語動詞用復數。五、句型轉換同義句：1. Its time for sth= Its time to do sth.該是時間了（注：for后面跟名詞；to后面跟動詞原形）Its time for dinner.=Its time to have dinner.2. What time is it?=Whats

12、 the time? 幾點呢？3. There is(are) no(s)=There isnt / arent any 沒有4. have no= dont have（any）沒有They have no legs or arms. =They dont have any legs or arms.5. has no = doesnt have （any）沒有6. I like picnics. = I like having picnics. 注：like后面跟名詞復數或動名詞（動詞+ing）7. show sth (某物) to sb(某人) = show sb (某物) sth(某人)

13、 向展示東西 8. give sth(某物) to sb(某人)=give sb (某物) sth(某人) 給人東西9. What a lovely ant!= How lovely the ant is! 多么可愛的螞蟻啊10. That is Jans umbrella.= That umbrella is Jans. 那是杰的傘11. Whats wrong with him? = Whats the matter with him? 他怎么了？否定句1、有be動詞（am, is ,are），be后直接加not (am not/ is not=isnt/ are not =arent);

14、 2、有can，can后直接加not (can not=cant); 3、只有動詞，在動詞原形前加dont；三單動詞前加doesnt, 動詞變回原形。He does his homework. （改成否定句）He doesnt do his homework.一般疑問句: 用Yes或No回答的句子1、有be動詞，be動詞提前；2、有can或would，can或would提前；3、只有動詞，句首加Do/ Does, 動詞用原形；注意：Im 變Are you ; some變any; my變your; and變or .特殊疑問句： 有特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句There be句型提問：1、對數量提問：1

15、）How many +名詞復數+ are there +介詞短語？（注：對there be后面可數名詞的數量提問時，無論主語是單數還是復數，都用復數形式提問）例: There are 24 classrooms in our school? / There is only one classroom in our school? (對劃線部分提問) How many classrooms are there in our school? （注：上面兩句提問，都是這句子） 2）How much +不可數名詞+ is there +介詞短語？例: There is some milk in the

16、 glass. (對劃線部分提問) How much milk is there in the glass?2、對主語提問there be 針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結構是：Whats +介詞短語？（注：對there be后面的主語提問時，無論主語是單數還是復數，都用Whats提問）例：There are six books on the desk. / There is a book on the desk. (對劃線部分提問)Whats on the desk? （注：上面兩句提問，都是這句子）感嘆句的結構：感嘆句常用how或what來引導 （1）what引導的感嘆句，最終修飾的是名詞

17、（2）how引導的感嘆句，最終修飾的是形容詞/副詞 What a lovely ant!= How lovely the ant is! 多么可愛的螞蟻啊！對劃線提問,疑問詞：What問什么； What colour 問顏色；What time 問具體時間（如幾點鐘）；when 問范圍廣的時間； where 問在哪里； How old問年齡； how many 問數量(可數名詞) ；how much 1）問數量（不可數名詞），2）問價錢； how about 問怎樣；who 問誰（人 ）； whose問誰的東西（問主人）； 同音詞：Bbebee, Cseesea, Rare, Ttea, Uy

18、ou, Ywhy, I-eye, too-two-to, fourfor, herehear, theretheir, rightwrite, sunson, noknow, pairpear, itsits, buybybye, hihigh, wearwhere, arentaunt, whoswhose,近義詞(或同義詞)：Manylots ofa lot of, desktable, likelove, tallhigh nearbeside,tooalso, listenhear, looksee, classlesson, glasscup, homehouse, beautifu

19、lpretty, usually often, hihello, speaksaytalk, riverlake, would likewant, go home come home反義詞(或對應詞)：yesno, thisthat, thesethose, herethere, gocome, openclose, bigsmall, fatthin, tallshort, longshort, blackwhite, happysad, hotcold, coolwarm, softhard, onunder, in front ofbehind, inout, boygirl, manw

20、oman, wrongright, downup, sitstand, easydifficult, take off(脫下) put on(穿上)完整形式：ImI am, werewe are, youreyou are, heshe is, itsit is, theresthere is, isntis not whoswho is, Letslet us, IdI would, cantcan not, dontdo not, doesntdoes not特殊的名詞復數：manmen, womanwomen, policemanpolicemen, childchildren, foo

21、tfeet, fishfish, peoplepeople, Chinese-Chinese三單動詞變化：特殊的：do -does；go-goes；have-has；teachteaches；watch-watches；wash-washes; push-pushes；brush-brushes; catch-catches；study - studies；fly-flies；其余的直接加s.動詞變名詞:A. 一般情況下在動詞后面直接加er。teach-teacher , workworker, play player, sing singer, find finderB.以e結尾的動詞直接加

22、r。write writer, drivedriver, come comer, dancedancer C. 符合重讀閉音節(jié)的動詞，先雙寫最后一個字母，再加er。runrunner, beginbeginner, swimswimmerD. 部分單詞在詞尾加or。visit visitor， actactorE. 本身既是動詞又是名詞。cookcook, doctordoctorCulture板塊: U1, U2, U3, U5, U6, U7.1). U1: Coffee is popular in Western countries. Tea is popular in China.咖啡在西方國家受歡迎。 茶在中國受歡迎。2). U2: In the UK, this is the ground floor. In the US, this is the first floor.在英國，這是一樓。 在美國，這是一樓。3). U3: You can see pandas in China. You can see bald eagles in the US.你在中國可以看到熊貓。 你在美國能看到禿鷹。 You can see