1、高中英語閱讀課學生自主學習能力形成性評價初探 李 罡摘 要：在高中英語教學中，運用形成性評價培養學生閱讀課自主學習能力，能夠有效提高學生學習英語的積極性，全面培養學生的聽說讀寫能力，使學生從語法知識的講解和單詞的死記硬背中解脫出來，在體驗、感知、實踐、參與和交流中學習語言；本文就這一課題以一堂閱讀課進行探索。關鍵詞：英語閱讀課 形成性評價 自主學習認知建構主義原理認為，自主性學習實際就是無認知監控的學習，是學習者能夠根據自己的學習能力、學習任務的要求，積極主動地調整自己的學習策略和努力程度的過程 .自主性學習要求個體對為什么學習、學習什么、如何學習等問題有自覺的意識和反映. 所謂形成性評價就是

2、通過診斷教育方案或計劃、教育過程與活動中存在的問題，為正在進行的教育活動提供反饋信息，以提高實踐中正在進行的教育活動質量的評價。一般地說，形成性評價不以區分評價對象的優良程度為目的，不重視對被評對象進行分等鑒定，而是幫助學生和教師把注意力集中在為進一步提高所必需的特殊的學習上。 在英語教學中，要求對學生的英語自主性學習過程進行持續的評價不僅評價學生對英語知識的掌握情況，更重要的是對他們日常學習過程中的表現、所取得的成績以及所反映出來的情感、態度、學習策略等方面的情況進行評價。在英語教學中，應通過強調學生要能用所學的英語做事情，使他們在做事情的過程中發展語言能力、思維能力及交流與合作的能力；通過

3、創設良好的語言環境和提供大量的語言實踐機會，使學生從語法知識的講解和單詞的死記硬背中解脫出來，在體驗、感知、實踐、參與和交流中學習語言；在教師的引導下，使學生通過觀察、發現和歸納等方式，掌握語言規律，形成有效的學習策略；通過討論、表演、參與英語課外活動等，使學生提高綜合語言運用能力。下面筆者以一堂英語閱讀課為例，進行運用形成性評價培養學生閱讀課自主學習能力的嘗試。學習材料：Unit 15 Reading: Destinations (SEFCS Book II)一、教學目標： 1、知識目標：1）、讓學生學習掌握課文中重要詞匯、短語和句型以及其用法 2）、讓學生了解世界不同地區的不同風貌2、能力

4、目標：1）、培養學生的聽、說、讀、寫能力和綜合運用語言能力2）、培養學生自主學習能力以及幾項自身發展所須的其它能力3、情感目標：1）、培養學生熱愛自然，熱愛生活的意識 2）、培養學生跨文化交流的意識和能力二、準備階段：教師：首先有目的地把學生分為英語實力相當的5個小組，過程中要注意學生的各種英語層次盡量均衡地分布，教師在分組過程中起指導性作用；其次，通過競選確定擔任主持人和評委的人選，一般而言，在開始階段多啟用一些口語及聽力較好的學生；然后與學生共同設計就課文內容以及與課文內容相關的競賽題目；再次，對主持人和評委進行培訓。最后布置學生預習課文及尋找與課文相關知識，并準備一個關于課文中提及的城市

5、的任何一方面的報告。學生：Task 1、預習課文并準備報告表1：自我評價表Name: _ Date: _How long did you spend finishing it?Can you understand the passage easily?How many times did you read?Did you consult dictionaries?Did you turn to reference books?Did you study with classmate?Did you use internet or library?How did you feel about t

6、he passage you read? Were you exciting or dull?What part is difficult to you? Three questions may be asked?Can you finish your report?Task 2、準備競賽表2：小組活動自評表Criteria to be assessedABCDEReport to group project area on timeStart work without being toldParticipate in group discussionVolunteer for group a

7、ctivities or assignmentsContribute materials, ideas and suggestionsListen to others ideasDont make fun of others ideasGive others a chance to talkAccept majority rule without rancorCompletes assigned tasks on time表3：小組活動互評表由組長或指定學生負責，組織小組反思填寫。Name: _Criteria to be assessedExcellentVery GoodGoodAdequ

8、ateNeeds Much ImprovementAmount of cooperation workAmount of materials referred Creative ideas brought inParticipate in group discussionAmount of questions raisedProgress made in activity三、課堂進程Step1、主持人講話并介紹評委；Step2、聽題回答（課文內容題）：小組必答題,各小組指定一名代表回答，并且由評委給予相應的分數（如答錯則扣除相應的分數）。1What are the capitals of Br

9、azil and Austria?2Where are Rio and Kitzbuhel located?3What are the people of Rio de Janeiro famous for?4Whats the best known beach in Rio de Janeiro?5What makes Kitzbuhel a world-class ski resort?6What else can we do in Kitzbuhel?7Whats the location of Rio de Janeiro?8. What are the attractions of

10、Rio de Janeiro?9. Describe the scenery of Rio de Janeiro.10. Whats the best time to visit Rio de Janeiro?Step2、聽題搶答(是非題)：1. Rio de Janeiro is Brazils largest city.2. Copacabana is known as “the Princess of the Sea”.3. The best time to visit Rio is March, while the biggest tourism season comes in Jun

11、e or July.4. Located in southern Austria, Kitzbuhel is a paradise for skiers.5. The worlds best and fastest skiers gather in Kitzbuhel once a year.6. Skiing is the only thing you can do in Kitzbuhel.Step 4、快速搶答(課外相關知識類題)：1. When did Brazil declare its independence?2. Which country once ruled Brazil?

12、3. When was the Republic of Austria founded?4. How many years did the Vienna New Years Concert last? 5. How far is Brazil from north to south?6. Which country lies on the south of Austria?7. What position does Austria lie in Europe? 8. Which famous mountain and river does Austria have?9. List at lea

13、st four Austrian musicians.10. What is Brazils another name?11. How many days does the Carnival of Brazil last?12. Why do not Austrians eat shrimps in New Year? 13. What is Austrian National Flower?14. When is Austrias National Day?15. What are the two official languages in Austria?Step 5、小組活動 每個小組代

14、表一個旅行社向游客介紹一個地方（用課件形式闡述），以吸引游客（評委），并由游客（評委）投票選擇一家旅行社（小組）。如遇平局，則加試一題。The students for Brazil: 1. Carnival began with 1641 the earliest Brazil. After more than 300 years of development, Carnival became the people most important festival in Brazil.2. The food in Brazil: The slaves in the colonial Brazi

15、l created the "Feijoada".Traditional carnival drink: passion fruit juice, Fruit punch, Angels pee. A traditional barbecue in Brazil always has white rice, Farofa, Brazilian vinaigrette salsa, a variety of grilled meats and sausages.3. To the Brazilian, football is culture more than sport.

16、And Brazil is recognized as the football kingdom in the world. The Brazilian deem that Brazil football is surely the world culture heritage. People here call football “common sports”. No matter on the beach or in the street corner can you see people playing football. The students for Austria: 1. Aus

17、tria has been the birthplace for several famous composers such as Wolfgang Mozart, Franz-Joseph Haydn, Franz Schubert, Anton Bruckner, Johann Strauss, Sr., Johann Strauss, Jr. and Gustav Mahler.2. The food in Austria: Austrians like to eat the dessert, have made out a lot of fragrant and sweet , sof

18、t cake .and Plum wine , pine nut spirits and various types of beer , meat intestines , braising chickens to braise the beef.3. Skiing is one of the most popular sports in Austria history. An Austrian citizen with no skiing ambitions cannot be considered a true Austrian. Many different skiing resorts

19、 in the Alps are well known throughout the world and attract many tourists from about everywhere. 評委根據要求打分，選擇一家旅行社Criteria to be assessed54321Oral EnglishExpress his idea smoothlyUse attractive pictures and wordsProper body language and gestureStep 6、嘉賓主持人（教師）：點評學生課件，并提出問題：Now that you know two fore

20、ign cities, can you use what you learn to describe our city Hangzhou? Step7、學生討論、發言Name: _ Date: _He/SheSeldomSometimesoftenalwayslistens to their partners carefully.speaks clearly and fluently.responds to other peoples ideas.helps to organize the talk.helps others in the group.states his/her opinio

21、n briefly but completely.follows their reasonable suggestions.enjoys the discussion.Comments and suggestions for improvement:自我評價表Name: _ Date: _The things I can do54321I can take part in the competition actively.I can understand the reading passage.I can understand the oral questions.I can answer t

22、he questions.I can choose the right answers.I can write out the main ideas.Ive known some background information of the textI can talk about perseverance and success.Total小組成績表place1234Scores5321Step 8、課后作業學生完成以下課后作業，并準備下節課交流：Task 1、查出下列詞匯的主要用法：complaint、upset、guarantee、analyze、stretch、view Task 2 找出課文中的短語和句型Task 3、復習非限定動詞的用法Task 4、Writi