1、動詞的ing形式作表語，定語，賓補和狀語一、動詞-ing形式作表語1. 表示主語的內容 ,可以轉換到句首作主語Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. (= keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job) 她的工作是盡量使報告廳保持干凈。2. 表示主語具有的特征、性質和狀態(動詞ing 相當一個形容詞）The problem is quite puzzling. 這個問題很令困惑。3.常用來作表語的現在分詞有astonishing, amusing, c

2、onfusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising等。全析提示：動詞-ing形式作表語時，其邏輯主語往往是句子中的主語，但用作表語的-ing形式也可帶有自己的邏輯主語。What worries me most is her staying too late every night. (staying too late every night的邏輯主語是her)二、 動詞-ing形式作定語1 單個的動詞-ing形式可以作前置定語，一般具有兩種含義。 說明被

3、修飾名詞的用途和性能。a reading room = a room which is used for reading 閱覽室running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋a working method =a method for working  工作方法 表示所修飾的人或物的動作或狀態，在意思上接近一個定語從句，可以表示正在進行的動作，也可表示經常性動作或當時的狀態。developing countries = countries that are developing發展中國家an ordinary-looking house =

4、 a house that looks ordinary看起來很普通的房子a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody困擾人的問題2 作定語的動詞-ing形式如是一個短語，則應放在被修飾詞的后面,做后置定語，相當于一個定語從句。They lived in a house facing south.(=which is facing south)他們住在一所朝南的房子里。Do you know the boy playing basket?（=Who is playing basket)你認識在打籃球的那個小男孩嗎？The man vi

5、siting Japan (=the man who is visiting Japan ) is my uncle正在訪問日本的那個男人是我的叔叔。三、動詞-ing形式作賓補1、動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語常放在賓語后 面，表示一個正在進行的主動性的動作，強調一個過程或一種狀態。When we returned, we found a stranger standing in front of the house.2、當主句轉換為被動結構時, 原來作賓語補足語 的動詞-ing形式便轉換為主語補足語。 They found the film very exciting. = The film

6、is found very exciting.3、能用-ing形式作賓語補足語的幾類動詞:1) 表示感覺和心理狀態的感官動詞，（常見的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等）+ sb + doing sth（作賓補）I felt somebody standing behind me.2) 表示指使意義的動詞使役動詞，（常見的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等）+sb/ sth + doing sth (作賓補）We kept the fire burning

7、all night long.我們讓火整夜燃燒著。I wont have you running about in the room.我不允許你在房間里跑來跑去。4、see, hear, feel, watch等動詞之后用-ing形式 和動詞不定式作賓語補足語的區別： We heard the telephone ring. We heard the telephone ringing.前者表示動作正在進行，后者表示（或強調）動作的全過程。四、動詞-ing形式作狀語動詞-ing形式可以作狀語，在句中表示時間、原因、結果、條件、讓步、行為方式或伴隨情況等。動詞-ing形式作時間、原因、條件、讓步

8、狀語時多位于句首；作結果、伴隨情況狀語時常位于句末。1 表示時間，相當于一個時間狀語從句。 Having made full preparations, we are ready for the examination.我們已經作好了充分準備，現在可以應考了。(= After we have made full preparations.)2 表示原因，相當于一個原因狀語從句。 Being ill, he didn't go to school yesterday.由于生病，他昨天沒有上學。(= Since he was ill.)3 表示結果，相當于一個并列謂語。 His fathe

9、r died, leaving him a lot of money. = and left him a lot of money.他父親死了，留給他許多錢.4 表示條件，相當于一個條件狀語從句。 Working hard at your lessons, you will succeed.=If you work hard at your lessons.如果你努力學習，就一定能成功。5 表示讓步，相當于一個讓步狀語從句。 Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.= Although they knew all this.盡管知道了

10、一切情況，他們還是要我賠償損失。6 表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補充說明，相當于一個并列結構。 He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time.= .and stared at the sky for a long time 他躺在草地上，長時間地望著天空。練習題1.Fill in the blanks with the correct form of verbs.1) _(clean) women in big cities usually get paid by the hour.2) All of us watched the

11、hunter _(bring) down the dangerous bear.3) When he woke up, he found himself _(lie) in hospital.4) Electricity lines were brought down by _ (fall) trees in the storm.5) The tall building_ (build) now will be a hospital.6) The man _ (wear) a sad look said, "I've lost my wallet."7) What

12、is a water can used for?It's used to _ (water) flowers or something like that.8) There was a terrible noise_ (follow) the sudden burst of light.9) The missing boy was last seen_ (play) near the river.10) In parts of Asia you must not sit with your feet _(point) at another person.2.-ing形式作補語練與析從A

13、、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1. Though I have often heard this song _, I have never heard you _ it.A. being sung; sang B. sang; singing C. sung; sing D. to be sung; to sing2. It was so cold that they kept the fire _ all night.A. to burn B. burn C. burning D. burned3. He looked around and caught a man

14、_ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting4. Did you meet anyone _ at the party?No, in fact, I found the party rather _.A. interesting; boring B. interested; boringC. interesting; bored D. interested; bored5. The salesman scolded the girl caught _ and let her off.A. to have stolen B. to be stealing C. to steal D. stealing6. Dont leave the water_ while you brush your teeth.A. run B. running C. being run D. to run7.