1、用作定語時，動詞的 -ing 形式既包括動名詞又包括現在分詞 , 動詞的 -ed 形式僅是動詞過去分詞。動詞的 -ing 形式做定語在句中通常有兩個位置 , 如果是單個的動詞的 -ing 形式做定語 , 常放在被修飾詞前做前置定語 ; 如果是動詞的 -ing 形式的短語做定語 , 常放在被修飾詞后做后置定語。如1.He is an attacking player.他是一個攻擊型的運動員。（表示運動員的特征 ）2.He asked an embarrassing question.他提了一個令人難堪的問題。（表示“令人.”）3.A little child learning to walkof

2、ten falls. 學走路的小孩常常跌跤。 （ 表示被修飾詞的動作或狀態，動詞短語后置 ）4.Do you know the number of people ing to the party?你知道來參加晚會的人數嗎 ?（ 表示被修飾詞的動作或狀態，動詞短語后置 ）注意：當-ing形式做后置定語時，可以相當于相應的定語從句。如1.A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday.T A young man who writes novels came to sp eak to us yesterday.一位寫小說的青年昨天來向

3、我們作報告。2.The girl sitting next to me was my cousin.T The girl who was sitting next to me was my cousin.坐在我旁邊的姑娘是我表妹。另外需要注意的是上面做定語的動詞 -ing 形式表示的動作是正在進行的工作或習慣性的動作，如果和主句謂語的動作不能同時發生時，則不能用 -ing 形式做定語而必須用定語從句形式。如：昨天來我們學校的那位教授在明天給我們做報告。3.The professor who came to our school yesterday will give us a lecture

4、tomorrow.不正確的表述： The professor ing to our school yesterday will give us a lecture tomorrow.總結： -ing 形式做定語通常從以下三方面考查 , 即:1）說明被修飾詞的性質 ， 特征或用途。如 ：1.They set up an operating table in a small temple.他們將手術臺架設在一座小廟里。2.He may be in the reading room， for all I know.他說不定在閱覽室里。3.Ladies and gentlemen， please go

5、 and wait in the meeting room.女士們先生們 ， 請去會議室等待。2）與被修飾詞為主動關系且表示正在進行的動作或習慣性的動作。如1.There were about 200 children studying in the art school.有大約二百個孩子在這所藝術學校學習。2.Who is the woman talking to our English teacher?正在和我們英語老師談話的那位婦女是誰3）有些-ing 形式已經轉化成形容詞，常做定語用來修飾物，表示“令人”。常用的此類詞有:exciting,amusing,amazing,astonis

6、hing,shocking ,pu zzling,confusing.disappointing，discouraging，pleasing，striking，boring，tiring，touching，moving，interesting, satisfying, terrifying, frightening等。如 :1.That must have been a terrifying experience.那準時一段可怕的經歷。2.The experiment was an amazing success.那項試驗是一個驚人的成功。3.There is a page missing f

7、rom this book.這本書缺了一頁。4）有些-ing形式已經轉化成名詞，常做定語用來修飾物The scanning electron micrographs這些電鏡掃描照片除了 -ing形式能做定語外，如果-ing形式與被修飾詞是被動關系，就用它的被動式，即being done. beingdoing 通常表示正在被做 ， 常做后置定語。如 :1.The tall building being built now is our new school.正在被建的高樓是我們的新學校。2.The question being discussed was presented by the he

8、admaster.正在被討論的問題是被校長提出的。-ing 形式做定語專練1.The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with theA. 20 dollars remainedB. 20 dollars to remainC. remained 20 dollarsD. remaining 20 dollars.2.The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanketthe desert.A.coveringB.coveredC.coverD.to cover3.I was tol

9、d that there were about 50 foreign studentsChinese in the school， mostwere from Germany.A. study;of whomB. study;of themC. studying;of themD. studying;of whom4.The questionat present has something important to do with our daily life.A.to be discussingB.to discussC.been discussedD.being discussed5.Ch

10、ina is acountryto the third world.A. developed;belongsB. developing;belongingC. developing;belongsD. developed;belonged6.-Who is the manto the teacher?-A model workerour school.A.talks，visitsB. is talking;is visitingC. talking;visitingD. talking;visited7.How many of us， say，a meeting that has nothin

11、g to do with us will be interested inthe discussion?A.attend B.attendingC.to attendD.have attended8.The flowerssweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A.to smellB.smellingC.smelt D.to be smelt答案:D A D D B C B B一、動詞-ed形式作定語過去分詞作定語往往與被修飾的詞靠得很緊，漸漸地成為一個復合詞。這種分詞叫分詞形容詞，實際上

12、相當于一個單純的形容詞，除表示“已完成”的動作之外，還表示“被動” 的意義。女口：sp oke n En glish （英語口語）；iced beer （冰凍啤酒）；cooked food （熟食）;fried ch ips （炸土豆條）;但要注意不及物動詞的過去分詞常表示“完成”的動作 ，而不表示“被動”意義。如： boiled water（ 開水）;fallen leaves（ 落葉）；the risen sun（ 升起的太陽）等。1. The tall man is a retur ned stude nt高個子的那個人是個歸國留學生。2. My parents are both ret

13、ired teachers我的父母都是退休教師。（1）前置定語單個的動詞-ed形式，一般放在被修飾的名詞的前面，作前置定語。The excited peopie rushed into building.激動的人們沖進大樓。Lost time can never be found again 虛度的時光，無法挽回。（2）后置定語 少數單個動詞的-ed形式，如left等，只能作后置定語。1. Everythi ng used should be marked所有用過的東西應該做好標記。2. The books left are for my stude nts剩下的書是給我的學生的。 動詞-ed

14、形式短語作定語時，通常要放在被修飾的名詞的后面，在意思上相當于一個 定語從句。今晚有什么活動嗎？1. Is there anything planned for toni ght?（=That has bee n planned for toni ght）這次會議有很多人2. The meet ing，atte nded by a lot of people，was a success 出席，開得很成功。（=which was atte nded by a lot of people）1) Most of the artists to the party were from South Afr

15、ica.A. in vitedB. to in viteC. being in vited D. had bee n in vited2) The first text booksfor teach ing En glish as a foreig n Ian guage cameout in the 16th cen tury.A. havi ng writte nB. to be writte nC. being writte n D. writte n3) The Olym pic games，in 776 BC，did n't in clude wome n p layers

16、un til 1912.A. first p lay ingB. to be first p layed C. first p layed D. tobe first p lay ing4) Prices of daily foods through a puter can be lower than prices in stores.A. are bought B. bought C. bee n bought D. buying5) Mr. Smith，of the sp eech，started to read ano vel.tiri ng,A. tired，bori ngB.tiri

17、 ng，bored C. tired， bored D.bori ng二、動詞-ed形式作表語之意，而是表示主語的狀態或思想感情等。如:看完信后，他顯得很憂慮。當我們聽到這件事時，被深深地感動了。 聽到這個想法，他似乎很高興。過去分詞作表語并無“完成”或“被動”He looked worried after readi ng the letterWhen we heard of it，we were dee ply movedHe seemed quite delighted at the idea作表語的-ed 形式可被 much, very, quite 所修飾。I was very pl

18、eased at the news聽了這消息我很高興。He grew much tired of the work他十分厭倦這工作。He seemed quite delighted at the idea. 聽了這想法他似乎很高興。1) Cleaning women in big cities usually get by the hour.A. payB. payingC. paidD. to pay2) As we joined the big crowd I got from my friends.A. separatedB. sparedC. lostD. missed3) The

19、pilot asked all the passengers on boardto remain as the plane was making a landing.A. seatB. seatingC. seatedD. to be seating三、動詞-ed形式作賓語補足語能用作賓語補足語的過去分詞一般都是及物動 詞, 表示被動意義或已完成意義 , 有時候兩者兼而有 之。作賓語補足語的過去分詞與賓語有邏輯上的動賓 關系, 即賓語是過去分詞動作的對象。 如:She found the door broken in whenshe came back 她回來時發現有人破門而人。grandfa

20、ther had his old house足語”句型中充當賓語補足語。在這一結構中My rebuilt 我爺爺找人重修了一下他的舊房子。 動詞 -ed 形式作賓語補足語的基本用法 動詞的 -ed 形式可以在“主語 +謂語+賓語 +賓語補 , 動詞 -ed形式和它前面的賓語構成邏輯上的被動關系。如果這種 句子改為被動語態 , 原來的賓語補足語變成了主語補足 語。1. I must get my bike repaired我必須請人修理自行車。（ 賓語補足語 ）2. The girl was found beaten black and blue人們發現那女孩被打得青一塊紫一塊。（ 主語補足語

21、） （1） 動詞 -ed 形式可作表示感覺和心理狀態的動詞的賓語補 足語 , 這類動詞包括 see, hear, watch, notice, feel, find, think, suppose, consider等 。I have never heard him spoken ill of others. 我從未聽過有人說他的壞話。She felt a great weight taken off her mind她覺得心里輕松了些。They considered the matter settled 他們認為這問題解決了。(2) 動詞 -ed 形式可作使役動詞的賓語補 足語, 這類動詞包

22、括 make, get, have, keep, leave, hold等。I have my hair cut once a month我每個月理一次發。He was trying to make himself understood 他正努力使別人聽懂自己。She held her hands pressed against her face. 她用雙手按著臉?！?have+賓語+do ne”結構有三個含義： （ 請人） 把某事做完。She had her house repaired 她請人把屋子修好了。Where did you have your hair cut? 你在哪兒理的發

23、? 參遭遇某種意外情況。He had his hat blown away on his way home 在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。She had her wallet stolen yesterday. 昨天她的錢包被偷了。 完成某事 （ 自己也可能參與 ） 。I have had all my spelling mistakes corrected 我把所有的拼寫錯誤都改正了。He has had one thousand yuan saved this year 他今年已存了 1000 元。（3）動詞 -ed 形式可作表示希望、要求、命 令等動詞的賓語補足語，這類動詞包括 like

24、 ， want, wish, expect, order等”這一類動詞的后面作賓語補足語。 He won ' t like such questions discussedat the meeting 他不喜歡在會議上討論這樣的問題。The students wish the TV serial playscontinued 學生們希望電視連續劇繼續播下去。(4) 過去分詞用在“ with+ 賓語 +賓補”這一結構中 , 過去分詞與賓語之間是動賓關系。With many brightly colored flowers planted around the building, his

25、house looks like a beautiful garden周圍種了許多色彩鮮艷的花 , 他的房子看上就像 一座漂亮的花園。1) - Good morning. Can I help you?- I ' d like to have this package madam.A. be weighedC. to weigh2) The missingriver.A. playingC. playB. to be weighedD. weighed boys were last seen _ nearB. to be playingD. playedthetheythe3) The

26、 managers discussed the plan that would like to see the next year.A. carry out B. carrying outC. carried out D. to carry out4) Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to seewashing machine she had had went wrongagain.A. itB. it repairedC. repairedD. to be repaired1. 單項選擇：1. From the dates on the gold coin,

27、 wedecided that it was made five hundred years ago.A. markingB. markedC. to be markedD. having been markedhundred people2. It was so large a room that alooked in it.having lost littleA. losing B. lostC. to lose D.3. Laws that punish parents for their children ' s actions against the laws get par

28、entsB. to worryD. worry_ in the earth everyA. worriedC. worrying4. With leavesyear, the soil bees richer and richer.A. falling; burying B. fallen; buried C. fallen; burying D. falling; buriedcare5. She was glad to see her child well of.A. take B. to be taken C. taken D. taking6. Friendship is like money easier made thanA. kept B. to be kept C. to keeping D. being kept7. Don ' t use words, expression