1、Unit4 Topic1 賓語補足語是補足賓語意義的句子賓語補足語是補足賓語意義的句子成分叫做賓語補足語。賓語補足語成分叫做賓語補足語。賓語補足語的結(jié)構(gòu)形式：的結(jié)構(gòu)形式：及物動詞及物動詞 + 賓語賓語 + 賓賓語補足語語補足語（名詞、形容詞、不定式、（名詞、形容詞、不定式、分詞或介詞短語、副詞）分詞或介詞短語、副詞）賓語賓語補足語補足語: A.名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語作賓語補足語名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語作賓語補足語 We call him Jim. We must keep our school clean every day . Call him in ,please. Leave

2、it on the desk . B.動詞不定式作賓語補足語動詞不定式作賓語補足語 Tell Jane to sing us a song. Lets have a rest. Can you help me (to) wash my clothes? C.分詞作賓語補足語分詞作賓語補足語 I hear somebody singing in the next room. In the factory ,computers can make the production finished faster. We all make him a monitor in our class. Compu

3、ters have made the work place safer and better. I agreed her to send her to school. They keep their hearts beating well. I found every student in good health.(名詞作賓補名詞作賓補)(形容詞作賓補形容詞作賓補)(不定式作賓補不定式作賓補)(現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補)介詞短語作賓補介詞短語作賓補)第一類：感覺動詞，如第一類：感覺動詞，如see, hear, feel, smell, watch, notice等，這類詞所接的賓補可以是等

4、，這類詞所接的賓補可以是-ing形式，也可以是動詞原形。形式，也可以是動詞原形。He heard a distant voice shouting.I could smell Chinese vegetables cooking.Did you see a cat being driven away?第二類：含使動意義的動詞，如第二類：含使動意義的動詞，如let, have, get, make, would like, want等，這類詞所接的賓等，這類詞所接的賓補多是動詞原形或過去分詞。補多是動詞原形或過去分詞。Weve just had the house decorated.You m

5、ust get the car repaired.At my school they dont make us wear school uniform. They let us wear whatever we like.I want the work finished by January 1st.第三類：含命名意義的動詞，如第三類：含命名意義的動詞，如call, name, appoint, elect, make, consider等，這類詞所等，這類詞所接的賓補一般是名詞。接的賓補一般是名詞。Call me Joe, please.She was elected the preside

6、nt of the company.They have made me the chairman.They have made me a nice chair.注意：這類結(jié)構(gòu)和雙賓的區(qū)別注意：這類結(jié)構(gòu)和雙賓的區(qū)別第四類：第四類：v+sb+to do sth結(jié)構(gòu)中的動詞，所接結(jié)構(gòu)中的動詞，所接的賓補多是不定式。常見的動詞有很多，如的賓補多是不定式。常見的動詞有很多，如advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, expect, want, force, inspire, invite, order, permit,remind, request等。等。They asked me

7、 ti tell you how much we appreciated your help.Help me move the desk, will you?第五類：第五類：find, keep等幾個動詞的用法很靈活，等幾個動詞的用法很靈活，后面所接的賓補可以是形容詞，副詞，詞組，后面所接的賓補可以是形容詞，副詞，詞組，現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞等。現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞等。We found it very difficult to solve the problem.How can you keep them waiting for so long?Suddenly I found my wallet

8、stolen.Keep the door closed.賓語補足語可以由這九類來承擔(dān)：賓語補足語可以由這九類來承擔(dān)： n. / adj. /adv. / 介詞短語介詞短語 / v.原型原型 / ing/ v-ed / to do / to be1.We chose him our monitor.2.We must make our classroom clean.3.He found the light on.4.The firemen got the fire under control.5.The teacher let him stand out.6.Did you hear some

9、one singing?7.The parents make their children educated.8.The doctor advised me to have a rest.9.We all consider him to be a hero.make/ choose/ select + 名詞名詞+ 職務(wù)（不帶冠詞）職務(wù)（不帶冠詞） At last Obama was selected president of America. We all chose him representative of our team. They made Jim their leader in d

10、igging for the treasures in an ancient tomb near the mountain.Americans elect Obama (as)President of the USA .(Obama is their president.) 當(dāng)一個名詞表示獨當(dāng)一個名詞表示獨一無二的職位或頭銜一無二的職位或頭銜 (chairman,president , head, director, king, captain, monitor等等)作作表語，同位語和補語時，前面表語，同位語和補語時，前面常不用冠詞常不用冠詞Tips:e.g. In 1399, Henry I

11、V became King of England.（P.23 L.49)to do 做賓補表示賓語要去做的動作，能用做賓補表示賓語要去做的動作，能用to do 做賓補的做賓補的v.有：有：(即即v. +sb.+to do )ask,want, wish(無無hope), tell, order, warn, advise(無無suggest), allow(無無agree), invite, permit, forbid, expect, beg, force, encourage, send, teach, train, remind, require (無無demand), would l

12、ike , would prefer等等等等.I wish you to have a good trip.I would prefer you to stay for the dinner.2) 跟不帶跟不帶to的不定式作賓語補足語。常的不定式作賓語補足語。常見的這類動詞有見的這類動詞有“一感（一感（feel）、二）、二聽聽 (listen to, hear), 三讓三讓 (make, let, have), 四看四看”(look at, see, watch, notice) 如：如： Lets have a rest. 讓我們休息一會兒。讓我們休息一會兒。 但這種結(jié)構(gòu)變成被動語態(tài)時，但這

13、種結(jié)構(gòu)變成被動語態(tài)時，to必須必須加上。加上。如如: He was seen to leave the room with a book in his hand. 有人見他手拿著一本書離開這個房間。有人見他手拿著一本書離開這個房間。3) 跟帶跟帶to或不帶或不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補的動詞不定式作賓語補足語。這類動詞只有足語。這類動詞只有help。如：。如： Can you help me (to) wash my clothes?口訣：口訣：分詞作賓補分為兩種情況 1.現(xiàn)在分詞做賓補，經(jīng)常表示主動或者正在發(fā)生的動作。現(xiàn)在分詞做賓補，經(jīng)常表示主動或者正在發(fā)生的動作。可跟這類補足語的動詞有：可

14、跟這類補足語的動詞有：see,watch,hear等等I heard somebody singing in the next room just now.只能用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語的動詞有：只能用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語的動詞有：catch, keep, mind, prevent, stop, smell, 等。等。例如：例如： She caught her son smoking a cigarette. His words started me thinking. catch sb. doing ：抓住某人正在：抓住某人正在. mind sb. doing : 介意某人做某事介意某人做某事

15、 imagine sb. doing : 想象某人做某事想象某人做某事 leave sb./sth. doing : 使得使得/留下某人留下某人. keep sb./sth. doing:使得某人使得某人. The policeman caught the thief stealing. He left the light burning. Im sorry to have kept you waiting.過去分詞做賓補過去分詞做賓補 使役動詞使役動詞get ,have ,make, keep，leave 等后，可用過去分詞做賓語補足語，表：等后，可用過去分詞做賓語補足語，表：“致使某人或某

16、事被致使某人或某事被” We should keep them informed of what is going on here. Jane got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentists.需用過去分詞作賓語補足語的情況需用過去分詞作賓語補足語的情況 2 .感官動詞感官動詞feel, find, hear,notice,see,watch等等表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動詞之后，表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動詞之后，表：表：“感受到某人或某事被做感受到某人或某事被做”。 I was sleeping when I heard my name called. He w

17、as disappointed to find his suggestions turned down.I saw _robhim robbed by a man.I saw him _taken to the hospital.Fill in the blanks.I heard someone _me. I heard my name_. I found Tom _ the window.I found the window _callingcalledbreakbroken.I had my watch repaired.I had my room cleaned.I had my fo

18、ot injured.She found his hair cut.She found his clothes washed. She found his room cleaned. have sth./sb. done find sth./sb doneHe got his leg injured.He got his camera damaged.He got his glasses broken. get sth./sb doneI saw him beaten by his mother.I saw him bitten by a dog.I saw him robbed by a man. see sth./sb. doneI made him punished. make sth./sb. doneI watched him killed. watch sth./sb done解題要點：解題要點：首先首先要知道動詞后是跟要知道動詞后是跟to do還是還是ing，ed, 或是原型。或是原型。其次其次要知道他們做賓補的區(qū)別：要知道他們做賓補的區(qū)別：to do 做賓補常表示要去做的動作。做賓補常表示要去做的動作。ing 做賓補常表示正在進行的或主動的動作做賓補常表示正在進行的或主動的動作ed