1、Unit 1 Success stories主講：鐘煜靈一周強化一、一周知識概述1 . 重難點單詞與短語：award, success strict encourage, support, interest, develop,development, overcome, admire, accident, pride, on television , at the age of, at a price, be strict with sb, fall ill , in place of, be grateful to sb for sth,2 .句型 He was watching a Tom

2、 and Jerry cartoon on television when he first heard western classical music.當他首次聽到西方古典音樂時，他正看 Tom and Jerry卡通電視。 LangLang began taking piano lessons at the age of three.LangLang在他三歲時開始上鋼琴課。 I think he is successful.我認為他是成功的。 I admire her because she plays the violin for love, not just to win compet

3、itions.我欽佩她，她是出于熱愛而拉小提琴，而不僅為贏得比賽。3 .語法：過去進行時。二、單元重難點知識講解1. Ben was responsible for writing stories about successful people for the school newspaper.譯文Ben負責為校報寫關于成功人士經(jīng)歷的稿子。be responsible for sth 意為 負責某事”。e.g.The pilot of the plane is responsible for the passengers ' safety.飛機駕駛員應對旅客的安全負責。如果主語不是人，

4、則表示造成事實的 原因e.g.The weather is responsible for the delay.由于天氣關系才耽擱了。sb. be responsible to sb. (another one) for sth意為 某人替另一個人負責某事 ”e.g.He is responsible to me for it.這件事他對我負責。2. LangLang began taking piano lessons at the age of three.譯文LangLang三歲時開始上鋼琴課。這句話相當于：LangLang began taking piano lessons when

5、 he was 3./When he was threeyears old.begin doing sth.意為 開始做某事“，相當于start doing sth.。另外begin和start均可接to do 或 doing.e.g.When did you begin to learn/learning German?你何時開始學德語的？但在下面3種情況下，后跟to do較好。主語是物而不是人時。e.g.Prices began to go up物價開始上漲 本身為-ing形式時。e.g.He is just beginning/starting to write the letter.他

6、剛剛開始寫那封信。其后的動詞與想法、感情有關時：e.g.She began/started to understandit.她開始明白這件事。3. He won first prize in the Shengyang Piano competition only two years later. From then on, he won many awards.譯文僅在兩年后他在沈陽鋼琴比賽中獲得一等獎，從那以后，他獲得了許多獎。prize n.獎賞（品），獎金；獎品e.g.win a prize 得獎My sister won first prize for her singing.我姐姐

7、唱歌獲得了第一名。His poem won the first prize of ten dollars.他的詩得了 10元的頭獎。He received the Nobel Prize for peace.他獲得了諾貝爾和平獎。prize可作形容詞（adj.）,意為得獎的，作為獎品的”e.g.a prize cup 獎杯a prize essay 獲獎論文award作名詞，意為 獎品，獎，獎勵"，無 獎金”之義。e.g.the first award/prize 一等獎另外award還可作動詞，意為 授予；判給，頒發(fā)“經(jīng)常構成短語award sb sth/award sth to

8、sb.意為獎賞某人某物”。e.g.The university awarded her a scholarship.大學給她頒發(fā)獎學金。Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for his great achievement in physics.愛因斯坦因在物理學上的成就而被授予諾貝爾獎。4. However, LangLang ' ssccesscame at a price.譯文但是，LangLang的成功來之不易success是名詞，意為 成功“，它的形容詞為 successful,動t司為 succeed,另外 success 作 成功”講

9、，是不可數(shù)名詞，作成功的人或事”講時，是可數(shù)名詞。e.g.Both plans have been tried without success兩個計劃都已試過但未獲成功。I wished him successin his new shop.我祝愿他經(jīng)營新商店成功。He is a great successas a teacher.作為一名教師，他非常出色The operation was quite successful.手術很成功。succeed是動詞，作成功”講，經(jīng)常構成短語 "succeed in+詞/動名詞”，注意：通常不譯 出成功”二字。e.g.LangLang succ

10、eededon his own.LangLang全憑自己獲得成功。He succeeded in solving the problem.他終于解決了這個問題。He succeeded in the examination.他考試及格了。它的反義句即：He failed in the examination.他考試不及格。at a price是個固定詞組，意為付出代價”，以很高的代價”。e.g.She was finally made senior manager, but at what price!她最終當上高級經(jīng)理，但那是以什么樣的代價呀！另外at a price還有 以很高的價錢”之義

11、。e.g.You can get the book at a price.你可以用高價買下這本書。5. His father was very strict with him.譯文他的父親對他要求嚴格。be strict with someone意為 （某人）要求嚴格”。e.g.Father is strict with us children.父親對我們這些孩子很嚴格。然而，對某事要求嚴格要用be strict in sthsb. in sth.o，若同時出現(xiàn)某人某事，結構為be strict withe.g.He is strict in his work.他對工作很嚴格。The teac

12、hers are strict with us in our behaviour.老師們對我們的行為舉止要求嚴格。6. He was practicing the piano while other children his age were playing games and having fun.譯文在他練鋼琴時，其他的同齡的孩子卻在愉快地玩游戲。這是while引導的一個時間狀語從句，在過去大時間背景下表示兩個同時進行的動作， 所以都用了過去進行時。e.g.While Mary was having a bath, her husband was watching TV.在Mary洗澡時，

13、她丈夫卻在看電視。While I was doing my homework last night, my mum was doing some reading.昨天晚上當我做作業(yè)時，媽媽在看書。7. He was watching a Tom and Jerry cartoon on television when he first heard western classical music.譯文當他第一次聽到西方古典樂時，他在欣賞一部名為貓和老鼠的卡通片。這是when連接的時間狀語從句，在過去的大時間背景下常可表達當過去一動作發(fā)生時 另一動作正在進行，此時主句要用過去進行時表達。e.g.W

14、e were talking about you when you came in.當你進來時，我們正說到你。另外，注意when和while都表示 當 的時候”，如果從句動作是持續(xù)性的， when和 while可互換。但當動作是結束性的，即非持續(xù)性的時候，則不用 while,只能用when。e.g.I saw him when he came in.他進來時我看見他了。He met many problems while he was going over his lessons.在復習功課時他遇到許多問題The bell rang when/while he was doing his ho

15、mework.當他正在做作業(yè)時，鈴響了。8. His father gave up his work.譯文他的爸爸放棄了工作。give up 意為 放棄”， 常構成： give up sth/doing sth.e.gAt last, they gave up the plan.最后，他們放棄了那個計劃。Believe yourself. Don give it u p.相信自己，不要放棄。拓展:give up 與 give ingive up停止，放棄（多指主動放棄）e.g.You' d bettegive up smoking.你最好戒煙。交出，讓出e.g.He gave up h

16、is seat to an old man.他把座位讓給了一位老人。貢獻于，用于e.g.She gave up the whole evening to dance.她整個晚上都用于跳舞了give in投降，屈服（一般指被動，在客觀情況面前不得不放棄）。e.gWe begged mother so much that shegave in and let us go to the movie.我們向媽媽哀求了很久，她才讓步準許我們去看電影。 上交，呈交 =hand ine.g.You must give in your home work before class is over.你必須在下課

17、前交上作業(yè)。9. LangLang was chosen to play in place of that pianist.譯文朗朗被選中去代替那名鋼琴家演奏。in place of=instead of意為代替，而不是"，若后跟動詞，需加ing, 一般它們用于名詞, 代詞或介詞短語前，另外 in place of sb=in sb ' s pace代替某人”。e.g.we ll go by busin place of/instead of on foot.我們坐車去，而不步行去。We use gasin place of coal in cooking.我們用煤氣代替煤來

18、做飯。Our monitor is away, I ' m acinplace of him/in his place.班長不在，我代替他的職務。另外，大家還需注意take the place of這個詞組，它也有 代替”之義。是動詞詞組作謂語,用在名詞，代詞前。e.g.Tractors have taken the place of horses in many places.在許多地方拖拉機取代了馬。10. He is grateful to his parents since they have always encouraged and supported him.譯文他非常感

19、激他的父母，因為他們總是一直鼓勵他，支持他。在此句中，since表原因，連接原因狀語從句，而不是自從”的含義，在此我們一起學習四個表示 原因"的連詞，because, since, as及for。這四個詞都是可以表示原因”的連詞，語氣由強至弱依次為because-since -as一for其中because, since, as為從屬連詞，引導原因狀語從句； for為并列連詞。because因'為"：表直接原因，回答 why的提問；一般放主句之后，也可單獨存在。e.g.We stayed at homebecause it rained.因為下雨我們呆在家里。sin

20、ce因為，既然”，側重主句，從句表示顯然的或已知的理由。e.g.Since everyone is here, let ' s start.既然大家都到了，我們開始吧！as由于，鑒于”，主從并重，從句說明原因，主句說明結果；為常用詞。e.gAs it was late, I should start at once.由于晚了，我應馬上動身。for因為，由于”，表明附加或推斷的理由，引導的分句前常有逗號，for分句不放句首e.g.He must be ill, for he is absent today.他一定病了，因為他今天缺席了。11. Why did your father ta

21、ke you to Beijing?譯文為什么你爸爸帶你到北京。Because I could study at the finest譯文因為我可以在最好的 學習。注意：why和because是固定的搭配，即以 why弓I導的疑問句用because來回答，另外, because與so不可連用，只能用其中的一個。還有because引導的是原因狀語從句，而because of后面只能跟名詞，代詞或動名詞，兩者可以相互轉換。e.gWhy didn ' t he go to school yesterday?他昨天為什么沒上學？Because he was ill.因為他生病了。誤：Becau

22、se he was ill, so he didn ' t come to school.正： Becausehe was ill, he didn ' t come to school.正： He was ill, so he didn ' t come to school.正： He didn ' t come to schodbecause ofhis illness.12. He was naturally curious about.譯文他很自然地就對感到好奇了。be curious about 表示 M感到好奇”。curious adj.好奇的，想知

23、道的e.g.Children are always curious about the new places.孩子們通常對陌生地方感到好奇。I m curious to know what he said.我極想知道他說了什么。13. These experiments led to a number of very important findings, but譯文盡管這些實驗誘發(fā)了許多很重要的發(fā)現(xiàn)，但是(1) although層管，雖然"，與though同義，引導讓步狀語從句。而but表強調，引導并列句。though較通俗，although更正規(guī)些，兩者可以互換使用。它們引導讓步

24、狀語從句時，主 句可用yet或still引出，但不可用but。同樣，用了 but不可出現(xiàn)although。如：雖然他身體不好，但是他工作努力。誤： Although he is in poor health, but he works hard.正： Although/though he is in poor health, (yet/still) he works hard.正： He is in poor health, but he works hard.(2) a number of意為 許多"，與a lot of是同義詞組，后接復數(shù)名詞，謂語通常用復數(shù)。e.gA numbe

25、r of visitors came to the city from all over the country.來自全國各地的許多游客來到這座城市。注意與"the number of的區(qū)別，"the number of意為"的數(shù)量”。謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。e.g.The number of mistakes in his composition has dropped.他作文中的錯誤少了。14. Benjamin had poor sight and needed to wear glasses.譯文本杰明弱視，需要戴眼鏡。need to do sth.需要干某事”

26、，句中need是行為動詞。大家要注意 need的用法：作為行為動詞，有時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化，后面跟名詞、代詞、不定式等。e.g.Do you need some help?你需要一些幫助嗎？He needs/wants to see you.他要見你。作情態(tài)動詞時，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化e.g.You need not write down your translation.你們不必寫下譯文。He need not come at once.他用不著馬上來。 作名詞，是不可數(shù)名詞。e.gA friend in need is a friend indeed.患難見真情。There is no ne

27、ed to come so early.早來是無用的。15. ，so he invented a new pair of glasses.譯文因此他發(fā)明了一副新的眼鏡。invent為動詞，意為 發(fā)明，創(chuàng)造”，注意與動詞discover的區(qū)別discover為 發(fā)現(xiàn)”之義。e.g.Edison invented the electric light lamp.愛迪生發(fā)明了電燈泡。invent還有編造，虛構”之義。e.g.He invented an excuse for being late.他為遲到編了個借口Columbus discovered America in 1492.哥倫布在149

28、2年發(fā)現(xiàn)了美洲。16. It protects buildings and ships from damage caused by lightning.譯文它保護了建筑物和船以免由閃電導致的破壞。protectfrom意為 保護以免"，from后面通用接名詞、v.+ing、以及代詞,在本句中damage為名詞。e.g.Farmers protect plants from the cold in winter.在冬天，農民們保護植物不受凍。You should protect your sister from harm.你應保護妹妹免受傷害。Try to protect your s

29、kin from the sun.盡量保護皮膚不受太陽曬。17. He was tired of always taking them on and off.譯文他厭煩了總是把眼鏡戴上、摘下。be tired of意為 厭倦；厭煩（做某事）”。e.g.I' m tired owatching television. Let ' s go for a walk.我看電視都看膩了，咱們出去走走吧。I was getting tired of all her boring remarks.我對她那套枯燥的言論越來越厭煩了。18. Nowadays, these glasses are

30、 known as bifocals.譯文如今，這些眼鏡被稱作雙光眼鏡。be known as意為 被稱作，被叫作，作為 而著名”。e.g.He is known as King of Invention.他被稱為發(fā)明大王Mr. Luxun is known as a writer.魯迅先生作為一名作家是很出名的三、語法點撥一一過去進行時過去進行時的構成：過去進行時的構成如下表所示：白式疑問式否定式疑問臺JE式I/He/She/It was working.Was I/he/she/it working ?I/He/She/It was not working .或 I/he/she/it w

31、asn' t workingWas I/he/she/it not working ?或 Wasn' I/he/she/it working ?We/You/They were working.Were we/you/they working ?We/You/They were not working .或 We/You/They weren' working .Were we/you/they not working ?或 Weren' t t we/you/they working ?過去進行時的基本用法1 .表示在過去某一時間正在進行的動作。e.g.When he called me, I was having dinner.他給我打電話時，我在吃飯。I was washing the dishes while Mother was cleaning away the table.我在洗盤子，媽媽在收拾桌子。What were you doing last year besides interviewing people?除了采訪之外，去年你還做什么？At that moment, I wasn' t doing anything那會