1、1 2000, cisco systems, inc. 1763_08_2000_c121.mobile data infrastructure-trends-opportunities and chanllenges2.mobile wireless- market drivers- insertion opportunities- enabling mobile data services- summary3gprs sgsn and ggsn provide packet data servicesbtsbtsinternet4gprs sgsn and ggsn provide pac

2、ket data servicesinternet5btsbtsinternet6 what happens to wap? i-mode success continues wap over gsm, sms, gprs, edge? wap over cdma-1xrtt, cdma2000 the human (consumer) factors co-existing, converging networks7web hostingunified messagingbusiness challengeapplication hostingvalue addedaccess servic

3、escontent deliveryvpncore transportintegratedcustomer service core values business strategy solutions architecture road map ip ops readiness scalability manageability cost of ownership go-to-market time-to-market roi8 2000, cisco systems, inc. 1763_08_2000_c19數(shù)據(jù)速度數(shù)據(jù)速度 ( (k bps)k bps)9.69.614.414.4 3

4、2 32646412812838438420002000技術(shù)發(fā)送速度功能技術(shù)發(fā)送速度功能= = 很好很好 = = 較好較好= = 很差很差 應(yīng)用應(yīng)用話音話音, , smssmse-maile-mailinternet webinternet web接入接入數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)接入數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)接入同步同步文件傳輸文件傳輸定位業(yè)務(wù)定位業(yè)務(wù)靜像傳輸靜像傳輸?shù)鸵曨l質(zhì)量低視頻質(zhì)量高視頻質(zhì)量高視頻質(zhì)量應(yīng)用性能評(píng)分應(yīng)用性能評(píng)分 3 3g/umtsg/umtsedgeedgegprs gprs 2g2g 技術(shù)技術(shù)資料來(lái)源：資料來(lái)源： motorolamotorola10peering point congestionorigin

5、 server scalability,speed of lightinternet backbonecross-internetconnectionsedge devices/networkair interfacegigabit optical networkpeering capacity,isp network capacitythe bandwidth of thewireless link is limitedand time-varying“middle mile”“mobilelast mile”11content optimization: mobilize any exis

6、ting application, or support new applications, to any user with any device over any given bandwidth with dynamically customized contentsuperior user experiencecontent routing based on user, bandwidth, device typeuser classification for priority and servicingmaximize spectral efficiencyinternetenterp

7、risewireless serviceproviderenterprisespcontent optimizationplatformcontent optimizationplatformvpn 12 compression reduce text and image size transmission optimization overcome tcp limitations transcoding organize for device display/input can occur in real time or preprocessed can be client/server o

8、r server onlyexample: aol client/server13 internet packet data network data center application hosting content optimization maximize spectrum usage portal implementation and differentiated billing negotiating with external packet data networks14ipv6 required in the ms, and in the utranr5 node bipv6

9、utransgsn(dual-stack)ipv4/6 msipv4or ipv6servicesipgw(ssg, ) ipv6 from the te (ms) is independent of ipv6 in ran devices if utran has to use ipv6 gtp encapsulation has to be ipv6 between rnc and sgsn gtp encapsulation may be encapsulated in ipv4 (optional) gtp encapsulation changed from iu-ps to gn

10、(ipv4)ipv4 coreggsn(dual-stack)15global network infrastructure bordergatewaysmobile networkoperator agrx networkmobile networkoperator bmobile networkoperator cgprs roaming exchangemobile networkoperator droot dns serverscentralexchangepointbordergatewaybordergatewayenterprisesubscribersenterprisesu

11、bscribersenterprisesubscribersgrx network16bscbtsbtsgprs networkmscdata/hosting centersdata transit networkssignalingnetworkrncbtsmscgsmumtscdma ip networkbsccdmamscumts ip networkcdma ip networkinternet/ispsvoice transit networksdata core networksran transportran transportwireless office17bscbtsbts

12、gprs networkmscdata/hosting centersdata transit networkssignalingnetworkrncbtsmscgsmumtscdma ip networkbsccdmamscumts ip networkcdma ip networkinternet/ispsvoice transit networksdata core networksran transportran transportpdsnha & fasgsnggsn uggsn esgsnitp mobile ssg 18bscbtsbtsggsnsgsninternet/

13、ispsgprs networkcore data networkmscdata transit networksignalingnetworkgp 10gmcpbxenterprisenetworkvv802.11 public accessnetworkmobile ssg data centersenterprise networks19bscbtsbtsmscradio network internet multi-servicesgatewaypdsnsgsngprscdma packet20sgsnvpnmscintranetwlaninternetisp / aspmvnoipv

14、4 ipv6mipgreipsecl2tpmplsipv4ipv6session establishmentip routing forwardingaddress allocationuser authenticationaccess selectionqosaccountingvpn edge functionservices gwradius, dns, dhcpservice profilecontent policycachingcontent switchingoptimization & compression & transformationcharging g

15、wsubscriber, appliance, location idpdsngp 10gmcpbxenterprise networksvmulti-services gwv21plmninternetpstn22pstnplmninternet23dr. ian sayers, a cisco fellow, has provided revolutionary work leading to the betterment of gsm.dr. sayers was personally responsible for bringing cisco into the gsm system

16、industry, via ciscos acquisition of jetcell. as cto and co-founder of jetcell, he was the architect for the revolutionary mnet technology that provides gsm access for corporations over their existing ethernet networks. by efficiently combining gsm and packet technologies into a single ultra-small ra

17、dio platform, dr. sayers has opened up entire new industries for companies such as cisco to enter.“the gsm association is proud to announce the first gsm roll of honour list. as we move towards 1 billionwireless phones in use and over billion gsmcustomers this year (within 10 years of the firstgsm n

18、etwork launch!), this list represents 100people that have demonstrated a long-standing commitment to the technical and commercialdevelopment and promotion of gsm in all its forms”.24lanpbxgp10ip phonegp10site amobilitycontroller(gmc)gatewayrouterplmnmsc/hlrpstnwanvoicegateway(as 5300)signallinggatew

19、ay(itp 43)wanlangatewaypbxsoftphonegp10gp10ip phonesite b gp101800mhz1900mhz900mhz 12/01.25 end-user benefitsone person, one number, one phone, one worldfull in-building coverageaccess to pbx functions when in buildingconnectivity to dataip is the standard corporate benefitsfull global roaming for v

20、oice and datamobilityintegrated networksip-basedlower corporate infrastructure and user costssimplifies network installation/maintenance operator benefitscapture business customers: reduced churn/increased marginsincrease revenue from additional corporate servicesprovides/enhance indoor coverage and

21、 more network capacity26what do i need to do to run a well-managed network?27radio access networkpacket core/ aggregation networkcircuit coremscrncradio access networkmscrncpacket core/ aggregation networkcircuit coreplmn/ss7pdnpdns can be internet, intranet, grx etc28btssgsncorporate networkfirewal

22、linternetinternal packet networkpublic land mobile network (plmn)bscggsn(cisco 7xxxand cisco ios)border gatewaynetwork challenges capacity managementlatencyencryptionsecuritytcp/ip performance over rfinteroperability challenges mobile ip managementaaa and in registrationuser profilesinternet/intrane

23、t addressingbusiness challenges peering/transit agreementsbilling planspartnership agreementsservice level agreementsslb ggsn complex“if you are not terrified, you do not understand the problem” m. odell, chief scientist uuneton planning and engineering ip networkssource mckinsey, next gen networks2

24、9 ip address administration filtering and quality of service traffic engineering service level agreements vpn infrastructure security30address administration that facilitates route summarization and filtering/qos assignmentdynamic ip address range assignmentsuse of private/public addresses for netwo

25、rk devices and subscribersipv6 and ipv4 interoperability31 2000, cisco systems, inc. 1763_08_2000_c132i-mode subscriber growthwireless internet connection statisticsntt docomos i-mode subscribers 25 million, out of 35m sub (70%+)large % revenues and contents are entertainment relatedsource: ntt doco

26、mo web site1120025214048482235524915129317332655313037434467020004000600080001000012000feb-99mar-99apr-99may-99jun-99jul-99aug-99sep-99oct-99nov-99dec-99jan-00feb-00mar-00apr-00may-00jun-00jul-00aug-00k subs.i-mode subscribersexceed 5m subs. 3/15/00i-mode serviced in 2/22/99exceed 11m subs. 8/15/006

27、2005002740085999998entertainmenentertainment t55%55%news & news & informationinformation14%14%ticketing & ticketing & lifestylelifestyle11%11%financialfinancial6%6%local info.local info.5%5%dictionary & dictionary & toolstools5%5%traveltravel3%3%restaurantsrestaurants1%1% of

28、official sites33 at&t data&internet ceo, kathleen early: “we believe voice technology is fast becoming one of those irresistable applications.” europe2000: 15b revenue from selling sms. nttdocomo i-mode: 82% end users say email is the main reason to use mobile data. yankee group predicts wir

29、eless email: 50% q/q growth. internet: 280% annual growth rate being maintained since 1997. fortune magazine, august 2001caspian study34 it = 7% gdp; well be the biggest it segment in the world it services industry will grow 30% annually it manufactory output = 3% gdp it export will grow 15% annuall

30、y internet users will reach 8% population there will be 70m computers well see 40% wire line penetration 95% households will tv and radio coverage35“office automation” is a common priority for small, medium, large enterprises, telecom service providers, computer industryyankee group ()- 40% or 112m

31、mobile data users, 8% population- data service reach $5.7b, vs. 2.7b at ye1999- sms dominates 60% operators data revenues3637“china mobile said monthly average revenues per user fell to 158 yuan, as of end-june compared to 247 yuan a year earlier.”by reuters - friday, august 17, 2001“china unicom ar

32、pu: 138 to 92.7rmb during this period.”question: who contributes to large part of these arpu numbers?38 messaging/email corporate vpn internet accessyankee group: china sms should reach 400 billion messages per year by 2005 (twice the current global volume).39gsm/gprs 2.1m gprs handsets on order for

33、 christmas2001 orders came from 20+ mobile wireless operators average 250,000 gprs handsets per operatorcdma high speed packet data (1xrtt) kyocera ships 2 new models: 2235 and 2255 by 4q01 sprintpcs plans to launch services in 4q2001 verizon wireless plans to launch services in 4q20014040 2000, cis

34、co systems, inc. competitions heating upmobile battle grounds snapshot of of chinas competing mobile operators- asian wall street journal, august 14, 2001cmcc monternetunicom uni-infolaunchnovember 2000august 2001content/apps partnersunlimitedcontrolled (11)revenue-sharing88% to content provider85%1

35、2% to network operator15%subscribers86m30.7m41 arpu (average revenue per user) is decreasing as basic voice/data services become commoditized new and innovative sources of revenue to offset this decline costs associated with providing applications exacerbated when dealing with multiple access networ

36、ks need to leverage their coverage and subscriber ownership need for consistency, re-scaling cost distribution throughout the network, manageability of quantitative and qualitative services need to lower cost of ownership eco-system, not ego-system partner effort to open end2end applications4242cour

37、se numberpresentation_id 2001, cisco systems, inc. all rights reserved. 2001, cisco systems, inc. all rights reserved. 2001, cisco systems, inc. all rights reserved.43pstnbtsmscbsc2gip coresdbfeature servers3gmobilitymanagementcall agentradio networkcontrollergsn/pdsninternetgprs/pdsn networkpacket

38、gatewaycircuit/signaling gateway2.5gfeature serversin-building,enterprisesip ran44 enhance competitive advantage - price/performance improvement - capacity/performance - vpn, remote access, dial-like features - qos simplified / flexible provisioning- time to market scaleable, pay-as-you grow- manage

39、ability- roi45mobility anchor pointbscbtsbtssgsnranmscsignaling network (pstn control model)vertical contentportalhostinginternetmobile ispfinanceplmnvpnradio optimized protocolsplmninternet optimized protocolssubscriber profileip subscriber profilemobility control modelhybridip controlmodelpacket g

40、wauc, eir, hlr, etc.in/ainradius/dns/dhcp, etc.etc.packet coreoptimization & compression caching & transformgapnew ms protocolsgap46transportmscdata/hosting centersdata transit networksbsc/rncbtsgprs/ umts ip networkinternet/ispsvoice core networksvoice, smsmobile internet edgeradio edgeaggr

41、egationip servicescontentran transportradiopolicycontent47 not just ggsn / pdsn aggregation node for mobile edge mobile internet edge enabler (mobile multi-service gateway)ggsn / pdsnload balancingssgcontent awareness higher capacity (pdp contexts, ppp sessions) high availability 48access to secure,

42、 reliable access to secure, reliable mobile data networksmobile data networksdifferentiated service differentiated service portfolio for each customerportfolio for each customerstandards basedstandards basedarchitecturearchitecturescalable shared scalable shared infrastructure for multi-infrastructu

43、re for multi-service deliveryservice deliveryservice management service management & self care & self care ease of access and use byease of access and use bysubscribers (pre & post subscribers (pre & post sales)sales)reduce subscriber reduce subscriber management burdenmanagement bur

44、densubscribersmobile operatorwidespread deployment of widespread deployment of browser based applicationsbrowser based applicationsreduce reduce cost per subscribercost per subscribervalue add servicesvalue add services49 user can have a single pdp context with connection to multiple isps user can h

45、ave a single apn configured in handset, irrespective of service based on radius/ldap can easily turn on/off isps and change subscriber configurations50 the ssg (service selection gateway) is an ios feature module the ssd (service selection dashboard) works in conjunction with the ssgservice 1web das

46、hboard aaaip enterprisessginternetservice 2walled gardencsg51web dashboard aaaip ssgenterprisel2tp tunnelsimprove the user experience: auto logon for ggsn auto-domain based on either apn username msisdnprovide multi-service networking capabilities : l2tp tunnel generation for corporate access servic

47、e selection via dashboard portal52access personalized service portfoliomultiple-simultaneous services per usereach user can determine their own destination and be charged accordinglyimprove the user experience for mobile single logon for gprs network auto logon for ggsn vpn selection based on either

48、 apn, username (), or msisdn53 turn services on/off instantly select varying services security and quality options advertise services available offer on-demand services keeps users “on net” detailed accounting and billing for every service based on usage / time provide industry-leading multi-service

49、 networking capabilities for mobile l2tp tunnel generation for corporate access network connectivity options service selection via dashboard portal54sgsngtpradiusservice controlintranet2corporate vpnintranet 4 / ispl2tpipsecgrempls vpnmoipmscnasl2tpmipintranet1asp/mvnowlan2/2.5/3 ginternet55 scalabi

50、litympls solutions scale to very-large networks with thousands of devicescapacity of the system isnt bounded by the capacity of the single box securitympls routing paths and network visibility is vpn specific flexibilityoperators may use private addressing without network address translation simplif

51、ied network administrationconfiguration and management - no need to configure a mesh of pvcs extensive platform support - cisco 2600, 3600, 4000, 7200, 7500, 12000 and catalyst 6500, 760056most critical component of a mid-range router is: flexible application aggregation, which provides customers wi

52、th multiple applications in a single platform. ciscos mid-range routing portfolio includes the following applications in addition to high-performance routing:layer 2, 3 mpls vpnvoice termination and connectivityintrusion detectionlayer 7 web content recognition switching, network analysis and monito

53、ringstorage area networkinghigh-speed firewall, ipsec vpn 2000, cisco systems, inc. 58010203040506070fy 97fy 98q3 98q4 98q1 99q2 99q3 99voicedata50%percentage of total revenue$0$2$4$6$8$10$12$14$16janfebmar april may junejulaug septoctnovdecsms or g-mail year 2000source: gsm association59operations

54、core operations: drive down operational costs subscriber services: grow revenue streams core network: technology enablers that lower market entry barriers to application vendorswhat percent of revenue now comes from data services? what is your target?subscriberservicesnetwork60 current circuit-based

55、 network used for ss7 is inefficient and expensive take advantage of application layer messages and procedures defined by ss7 (isup,tcap) support a single transport network for media and for signaling61 keep upper layers (tcap, sccp, isup) and use ip transport maintain reliability of ss7 (mimic/supp

56、ort mtp layers) preserve the upper layer timers standards = sigtranuse the correct sigtran protocol for the right job62ss7sms-schlrmsc aip mpls coresgsgsgmsc bsgabkey benefits: reduce congestion in ss7 signaling network deliver improved performance for sms services enable new bandwidth hungry sms se

57、rvices to be delivered faster migration toward a 3g signaling model63ip mpls packetcorepstnvvvvvvmscmscmscmscmscvsc 3000key benefits: flexible all packet network dynamic bandwidth allocation allows seamless support for data service growth (wp, gprs etc.) simplified traffic engineering provides a fir

58、st step towards 3g packet coreinhlreir/auc etc.vsc 3kprovides full transit call control gateway function for scalable voip support 64mscsvvvvvip+atm backbonemscsmscsvoice gatewaywith vismaal2 pvcskey benefits: convergence onto, all packet network - simple, transparent, low risk greater flexibility a

59、nd bandwidth efficiency gains seamless support for data services simple migration to switched vtn65 2000, cisco systems, inc. 1763_08_2000_c16667mobileoperator bnms centric ping monitors application instrumentation intelligentnetworkinfrastructurepastpresentfuturemobile operator agrxnetworkmanagement intranet apis andcisco ios agents68 using the grx network as a vpn example traffic between mobile operators must be private minimal/no devices added to operators networks the number of gprs networks and the