中正法律英語翻譯網收集整理 第十三章第十三章擔保抵押擔保抵押 根據 貸款通則 第二章第九條規定 銀行融資分為信用貸款 擔保貸款和票據貼現 擔保貸款包括保證貸款 抵押貸款 質押貸款 除了信譽一貫良好可靠 有長期業務關系的 主體客戶外 銀行發放貸款或提供融資便利時 一般都要求借款人提供擔保 即要求第三方 貸款銀行認可的資信可靠的授權金融機構 同債權人 貸款銀行 以書面形式訂立保證合同 銀行通常稱之為擔保函或擔保協議 銀行充當客戶擔保人時 一般以自己銀行的名義出具人 民幣或 和外匯保函 備用信用證 各類保證或承諾等書面佐證文件 統稱 保函 根據涉及的業務性質不同 擔保協議的名稱也各異 按擔保人承擔的風險性質 一般可 分為信用性質的保函和付款性質的保函兩大類 或者按涉及的業務種類去分 目前比較常見 的有五大類 1 融資類 包括借款保函 有價證券發行保函 銀行授信額度保函等 2 付款 保函指銀行保證客戶履行進口商品 技術 專利或勞務合同項下對外付款責任而出具的類似 信用證性質的保函 3 租賃和補償貿易 前者指銀行為保證客戶 承租人 履行租賃合同 按 期支付租金而出具的保函 后者指為保證客戶在補償貿易中以產品或現匯返還設備或原材料 價款而出具的保函 4 信用類保函 指銀行為保證客戶履行因其違約或損害行為可能產生的 賠償支付責任而出具的保函 如投標微標保函 履約保函 預付款保函等 5 其他類型保函 指銀行按客戶申請出具的提貨保函 產品質量保函 產品維修保函 訴訟保函 關稅支付保 函 海事保函等 保函的格式不盡相同 下面是保函申請書和幾份保函的中英文對照 供讀 者參考 第一節第一節保函申請書保函申請書 保函申請書包括的內容有 申請人同受益人之間所簽 貿易 貸款 租賃等 合同編號及 日期 受益人名稱和詳細地址 擔保責任 貨幣金額 有效期限 保證責任 付款條件 開 立 送達方式 信開 電開 申請單位 公章 負責人 簽名 日期等 國外有一種格式化的 申請書 其中擬出保函的主體內容 要求擔保人照樣出具 請看下面例子 APPLICATIONAPPLICATIONAPPLICATIONAPPLICATION FORFORFORFOR GUARANTEEGUARANTEEGUARANTEEGUARANTEE BID BID BID BID BOND BOND BOND BOND Undertaking to fulfil the terms and conditions of the AGREEMENT submitted to you we hereby request you to issueaLetter of Guarantee as bid bond in accordance with the column marked X shown below Please issue and advise the beneficiary of your issuing the following Letter of Guarantee reading Letter Letter Letter Letterofof ofof GuaranteeGuaranteeGuaranteeGuarantee Bid Bid Bid Bid Bond Bond Bond Bond 中正法律英語翻譯網收集整理 At the request of and for account of Wehereby issue this irrevocable Letter of Guarantee amounting to USD in favor of XYZ Company as Bid Bond for the tender opening on date called by the beneficiary under the tender No We ABC Bank hereby guarantee to pay the above mentioned amount under this Letter of Guarantee subject to the following conditions The above mentioned amount be paid to the beneficiary through your fine bank in case the accountee does not enter into contract with the beneficiary for the reasons to be solely attributed to the accountee despite his her success in the aforesaid bid and consequently corresponding bid bond should be confiscated by the beneficiary This Guarantee remains in force until date after which this Guarantee becomes null and void automatically and should be returned to us This Guarantee shall be released in full immediately when the accountee fails the bid Please issueaLetter of Guarantee as per form attached hereto terms and conditions of which remain unchanged as per our written agreement dated Please have anyone of your correspondent banks issue its own guarantee in accordance with the terms and conditions of the attached form 參考譯文 參考譯文 開立開立 投標投標 保函申請書保函申請書 我們在保證執行所遞交協議的條款和條件時 特此要求你們按照下面所選項目出具一份 保函作為投標保證 請出具下述內容的保函并通知受益人 保函保函 投標保證書投標保證書 應 申請人名稱 的要求并作為其代理 我們特此出具以 為受益人 金額為 不可 撤銷的本保函 作為受益人根據 開標的第 標書所要求的投標保證書 我們 銀行特此保證支付本保函項下的上述金額 只要符合以下條件 申請人 即投標人 盡管中標 但完全出于其自身的多種原因不與受益人簽定合同 結果 相應的投標保證書只好被受益人收回 在這種情況下 上述金額應當通過你們的銀行支 付給受益人 本保函的有效期繼續到 為止 過了這一天本保函便自動失去效力并應當退還給我 們 中正法律英語翻譯網收集整理 申請人放棄投標時本保函應立即完全解除 請按照本申請書所附格式出具一份保函 因為根據我們于 日所定的書面協議內 的條款和條件沒有改變 請委托你們的任何一家代理銀行按照所附格式內的條款和條件出具其自己的保函 譯文注釋 1 BID BOND 投標保證金 押標保證 押標保證金 本文指投標契約 即投標保證書 2 In favor of f o 以某某為受益人 金融業務中使用頻繁 f o 可譯作 受益人 類似 的縮寫如 c o 由某人轉交 AD a d after date 出票日后 發票后 期后 AS a s after sight 見票后 3 Subject to 這里 Subject 是副詞 須和 to 連用 意為 在 條件下 或者譯為 條件 是 等 本文譯作 只要符合 條件 比較恰當 4 Accountee 原意指開證 信用證 申請人 被記帳人 匯兌 這里指前面的申請人 applicant 5 Be attributed to 把 歸因于 把 歸咎于 根據上下文 這里譯作 出于 原因 比較 Be attributable to 可以歸因于 前者語氣肯定 后者不肯定 使用時 應注意二者 的區別 Fail 不及物 及物動詞 本文為及物動詞 指舍棄 放棄 第二節第二節幾種保函幾種保函 保函的格式的內容 用途和格式不都一樣 外國的和中國的在行文格式上也有所差別 這里選出幾種供讀者參考 范例之一范例之一償還貸款保函償還貸款保函 致 不可撤消保函號碼不可撤消保函號碼 鑒于你方向借款人提供了一筆貸款 我行特此為借款人出具本保函并保證如下 1 我行在此無條件地不可撤消地保證 借款人在貸款到期或發生加速還款或其他情況 下 按時償還貸款協議 包括經我行書面同意的對該協議的修改和補充 項下現時或將來 的到期款項 保證金額最高不超過 美元 即貸款本金加利息的 110 如果借款 人到期不能歸還該等款項 我行將憑你方書面索賠立即償還 除非有明顯的錯誤 由你 方授權官員簽發的載明該等應還款細節及到期日的任何聲明應是終局的并對我行具有 約束力 中正法律英語翻譯網收集整理 2 本保函自開立之日起生效 直至 貸款協議到期后 6 個月 失效 隨著貸款協 議項下本金的每一期償還 我行的擔保責任亦應相應遞減 我行在本保函項下的擔保責 任將不受下列事件的影響 對借款人給予延期還款等優惠 或貸款人不行使對借款人享 有的權利 或由于本款規定可能影響我行在本保函項下責任的其他原因或情況 但前提 是對該貸款協議的任何修改或補充須經我行事前書面確認 我行亦保證不會不合理地耽 擱或拖延此種確認 對本保函項下的索賠可隨時進行 貸款人在向我行索賠前 無須采 取任何措施以實現其對借款人或其繼承人的權利 3 本保函項下索賠款的支付不得包括任何抵消 反索賠 限制以及豁免于任何現有或 將來的稅收或其他扣減或任何性質的預留 如果在索賠款的支付中必須包含任何扣減或 預留 我行除索賠款金額外 還將支付該等必要的附加費用 從而確保貸款人得到應收 回的足額還款 4 我行在此確認已獲得對本保函或與本保函有關的所有法人同意 認可以及相應政府 部門或其他有關當局的批準 該等批準是充分有效的 本保函的條款構成我行合法 有 效并具有約束力的責任 我行在本保函項下的責任將在任何時刻至少與我行其他未擔保 以及非從屬債務處于同等地位 我行保證為此目的的全部必要授權一直是充分的 有效 的 5 貸款人在本保函項下疏于或怠于行使任何權利或補救措施等 均不應視為對該等權 利的放棄 任何單項或部分行使上述權利也不能排除貸款人進一步采取行動或行使其他 權利或補救措施的權利 如果在任何時候本保函的任何條款已是或變為非法 無效或在 任何方面不可執行 本保函其他條款的合法性 有效性及可執行性均不應受到影響或相 應降低 6 我行將償付貸款人因行使其在本保函項下權利而發生的全部合理費用 包括律師費 用 7 我行將對本保函項下的任何遲付金額按借款人應用的利率水平支付利息 該付息期 間的計算從你方索償之日起 直至實際付款日止 在判決前或判決后 8 未經我行事前書面同意 本保函項下的權益不可以轉讓 我行亦確認不會不合理地 拖延該等同意 9 本保函應確保貸款人和其相應后繼者的權益 不論我行或我行相應后繼者的組織和 機構有任何變化 在保函項下的義務對我行及我行后繼者持續具有約束力 在不違反上 述第 8 條的情況下 貸款人可以將其在本保函項下或由于本保函 貸款協議及其他擔保 中正法律英語翻譯網收集整理 契約 根據貸款協議的定義 而派生的權利或權益全部或部分地轉讓給任何他人 10 我行在此確認本保函的簽定和執行是一種商業行為 并同意放棄采取與本保函有關 的任何法律行為或程序的豁免權 11 本保函受中華人民共和國法律管轄并按其法律解釋 我行將不可撤消地接受中華人 民共和國法院的司法管轄 日期 以 的名義并代表其簽字 授權簽字 譯文 譯文 To To To To Irrevocable Letter of Guarantee No In consideration of your makingaloan available to the Borrower we hereby issue this guarantee for the account of the Borrower and agree as follows 1 Wehereby unconditionally and irrevocably guarantee to make repayment on time the due and punctual payment 1 up to the amount of USD 110 of the principal plus accrued interest which is or may become repayable payable 2 bythe Borrower under the Loan Agreement between the Lender and the Borrower which shall include all subsequent amendments and supplements made to the Loan Agreement the Loan Agreement as amended or supplemented from time to time 3 with our consent in writing whether at maturity or upon acceleration or otherwise If the Borrower fails to repay pay 4 any such sum when due we shall pay you the amount on the date of our receipt of your claim in writing Any statement signed by your duly authorized officer that gives setting out 5 details and the due date of any such claim shall be conclusive and binding on us except in the case of manifest error 2 This Guarantee shall become be 6 effective on the date hereof and shall expire on six months after the expiry due 7 date of the Loan Agreement Following each repayment of principal under the Loan Agreement our liability hereunder shall be reduced accordingly Our liability hereunder shall not be affected by the granting of 中正法律英語翻譯網收集整理 any indulgence to the Borrower or by any defect in the rights of the Lender against the Borrower or by any other matter or circumstance which due to this provision may affect our liability hereunder provided that any amendments or supplements to of 8 the Loan Agreement are subjectto ourprior writtenapprovalwhichwe undertakewewillnot undertake not to 9 unreasonably withhold withhold 10 ordelay delay 10 The Lender may hereupon lodge demands upon us from time to time and would not be required to take any step to exercise his rights against the Borrower before claiming upon us 3 A1l payments under this Guarantee shall be made without any setoff or counterclaim or any 11 restriction or exempt from condition and free of 12 any presentor future taxes orotherdeductions or withholdings of any nature If any deduction or withholding must be included in the payment of the claim is required to be made from any such payment 13 we shall together with payment 14 of the claim pay such additional amount together with payment of the claim such payment 15 as is necessary to ensure the Lender s receipt of the Lender receive 16 the full amount due to him them 17 4 We hereby represent and undertake that all corporate consentsandapproval and approvalfromthe governmental or any other authorities involved in this Guarantee have been obtained and are in full force and effect This Guarantee constitutes our legal valid and binding obligations enforceable in accordance with its terms and our obligations hereunder will at all times rank at least pari passu with all of our other unsecured and insubordinate unsubordinated 18 obligations We confirm will ensure 19 that all authorizations necessary for this purpose remain in full force and effect 5 No failure or delay by the Lender in exercising any right power or remedy under this Guarantee shall operate as waiver thereof nor shall any single or partial exercise of the same preclude any further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right power or remedy If at any time any provision in this guarantee hereof 20 is or becomes illegal invalid or unenforceable in any respect neither the legality validity or enforceability of the remaining provisions herein shall in any way be affected or impaired thereby 中正法律英語翻譯網收集整理 6 We shall reimburse the Lender for all reasonable fees and 21 expenses including lawyer s fee incurred in connection with the enforcement of his rights hereunder 7 Weshall pay interest on any amount due hereunder from the date of demand to the date of actual payment before and after judgement at the rate 0r rates which should be applied would be payable 23 by the Borrower 8 The benefit of this Guarantee may not be assigned without our prior written consent such consent not to be unreasonably withheld 9 This Guarantee shall assure ensure to the benefit of 24 the Lender and his their 25 successor S of his their rights and interests its 26 Our obligations hereunder shall be binding on us and our successor s notwithstanding any change in our constitution or status or that of Our successor S Subject t0 Article 8 above the Lender may assign to any other person all or any part of his its 27 rights and benefits under or arising from this Guarantee the Loan Agreement and any other security documents as defined in the Loan Agreement subject toArticle 8above 28 10 Weconfirm that the signing and execution and performance 29 of this Guarantee areacommercial act and agree not to claim any immunity from any legal action or proceeding in connection herewith 11 This Guarantee shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the People s Republic of China and we hereby irrevocably submit to the jurisdiction of the courts in the country Issued in city on date For and on behalf of authorized signature 對譯文的評述 譯文中括弧內帶陰影部分是原有譯文 讀者可以比較并發現 其錯誤所在 1 應為 按時償還 2 應為 應償還 中正法律英語翻譯網收集整理 3 應指 貸款協議的日后修改和補充 而不是 隨時修改或補充的貸款協議 4 應為 償還 5 應用定語從句 同時用過去分詞 被動 和現在分詞 主動 短語作定語有點別扭 6 應改用 變得 或者將后面的 On 改成 as from as of from 原文意為 僅在簽約當日 有效 7 這里指 失效日 due date 指約定 預定 應支付的日期 8 應用 to 原文搭配不當 9 undertake 1 承擔 后跟名詞或不定式動詞賓語 2 保證 后跟從句 保證不做 改譯成 從句 10 not to withhold or delay 不能做 undertake 的賓語 11 any 調到 setoff 之前修飾四個名詞 12 免除稅款 13 指必須包含在內 14 together with 應緊接其修飾對象金額之后 15 指索賠款 16 不能說 ensure sb do sth 后應接從句或名詞 17 與別處單數不一致 18 生造詞 應為 insubordinate 19 確認 20 多余 應去掉 21 去掉 fees and 22 律師費 23 利率不能被支付 只能被采用 可改用 applicable 24 改用 assure sb of sth 25 同 17 條 26 英語中可用人稱代詞 故譯成他或他們的權益 27 同 17 條 28 subject 調句首更接近主語 29 答定 中正法律英語翻譯網收集整理 范例之二范例之二供貨保函供貨保函 To The beneficiaryOur Ref No Date Dear Sirs GuaranteeGuaranteeGuaranteeGuarantee forforforfor SupplySupplySupplySupply ofof ofof a a a aVesselVesselVesselVessel WHEREASWHEREASWHEREASWHEREAS by Shipping Contract No dated as subsequently amended by Addendum dated the Shipping Contract concluded between ABC the Seller and XYZ the Buyer the Seller agreed to construct for the Buyer one mt dw single screw diesel driven container vessel named at Guangzhou Shipyard upon the terms and conditions therein appearing and WHEREASWHEREASWHEREASWHEREAS by Paragraph 1 of Article of the Shipping Contract the Seller has agreed to procureaLetter of Guarantee to be given by the Bank to the Buyer upon the terms and conditions appearing therein NOWNOWNOWNOW THEREFORETHEREFORETHEREFORETHEREFORE we the undersigned Bank forgoodand valuable consideration and at the request of the Seller do hereby irrevocably guarantee that 1 in the event that the Seller shall become liable to pay the cost of the repair and or replacements in respect of any defects of the Vessel her Hull her machinery and all parts and equipment thereof the Guarantee Items which are the subject of guarantee by the Seller under the provisions of Article of the Shipping Contract and 2 in the event that the Seller fails to pay such costs in accordance with the terms of the Guarantee provisions then we shall pay you such sum or sums equivalent to such costs within business days after our receipt from you ofademand in writing which shall be accompanied by A 1 copy letter from the Buyer to the Seller whereby the Seller has been notified of the defect for which the Buyer has madeaclaim describing the nature of the defect and the extent of the damage caused thereby with a letter of the Seller s acceptance of the said defect as justifying remedy under the Guarantee provisions or b acertificate from the Buyer stating that no response was received from the Seller within 中正法律英語翻譯網收集整理 days of the said notification and 2 copy letter from the Buyer to the Seller notifying the Seller of the time and place where repairs of the item or items will take place or have taken place and 3 either a an original invoice or invoices in duplicate from the relevant Shipyard manufacturer or supplier which shall be countersigned by the Shipyard s guarantee engineer as defined in the Shipping Contract or b an original invoice or invoices in duplicate from the relevant Shipyard manufacturer or supplier together withacertificate signed byareputable classification society surveyor B notary certified copy of an arbitration award in favor of the Buyer rendered by an arbitrator or arbitration board appointed pursuant to Article of the Shipping Contract and the Guarantee provisions 3 The maximum aggregate amount of our liability under this Guarantee shall in no event exceed the sum of USD say Furthermore this sum shall be automatically reduced by any sum or sums paid by the Seller and or by us to the Buyer from time to time in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Guarantee 4 For the purpose of this Guaranteeademand presented to us in accordance with the provisions of Paragraph 2 hereinabove and accompanied by the documents therein specified shall be conclusive as to the liability of the Seller to the Buyer to pay the costs referred to in Paragraph 1 hereinabove provided that in any case other thanademand accompanied by an arbitration award per Paragraph 2B hereinabove oraletter of the Seller s acceptance per Paragraph 2A 1 hereinabove we have not before or within business days after receipt of such demand received notice in writing or by telex from the Seller that such liability is disputed 5 This Guarantee shall be effective from the date on which the Buyer accepts and takes delivery of the Vessel and subject to the proviso set below shall expire and cease to have effect a in respect of any claim under the Guarantee provisions relating to the diesel engine T220L UT on or b in respect of all other claims under the Guarantee provisions onadate months after 中正法律英語翻譯網收集整理 the date of delivery of the Vessel 6 This Letter of Guarantee shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the Laws of England Wehereby agree to submit to the non exclusive jurisdiction of the English courts for the purpose of any legal action or proceedings in connection herewith ININININ WITNESSWITNESSWITNESSWITNESS WHEREOFWHEREOFWHEREOFWHEREOF the Bank has caused this Guarantee to be executed by its duly authorized representative on the date first above written 參考譯文 致 受益人保函編號 出具日期 敬啟者 供貨保函第號 鑒于根據 ABC 賣方 和 XYZ 買方 于 年 月 日簽訂的第 號造船合同及其 年 月 日合同修改 附件 賣方同意為買方建造一艘 噸位的單槳柴油發動機 集裝箱輪船 該船名稱為 號 地點廣州造船廠 其條款和條件見合同 鑒于根據造船合同第 條第 1 段規定 賣方同意獲取一份銀行按照造船合同上的條 款和條件向買方出具的擔保函 為此現在 我們 下面簽署人 銀行 憑相應的對價并應賣方的要求 特此不可 撤消地保證 1 如果發生這樣的情況 即 賣方變得有義務支付該輪船 其船體 機械和部件 設 備維修和 或更換任何劣質部件 擔保項目 的有關費用 而這些項目正是賣方根據造船 合同第 條規定所保證的項目 2 如果發生賣方未能按照本保函的條款支付上述費用的情況 則我們應在收到你方書 面索賠后 工作日之內向你方支付這樣的一筆或數筆等額款項 但該書面索賠應附帶下 列材料 A 1 買方致賣方信件的副本 該信件通知了賣方買方已經索賠的劣質項目 同時說明 其性質以及由此造成的損害程度 并附帶 a 賣方確認根據保函規定對劣質項目應加以補救的信件 b 買方出具的證明 申明在上述通知后 日內沒有得到賣方的回應 和 2 買方致賣方信件的副本 該信件告訴賣方將要修理或已經修理某一項或數項的時間 和地點 和 中正法律英語翻譯網收集整理 3 下列二者之一 a 有關造船廠 制造商或供貨人出具的一張或數張原始發票 一式兩份 并經船廠質量 保證工程師簽署 按造船合同規定 或 b 有關造船廠 制造商或供貨人出具的一張或數張原始發票 一式兩份 連同經信譽 良好的損壞評級機構鑒定員簽署的證明書 B 根據造船合同第 條和保函規定所指定的仲裁或仲裁委員會出具的以買方為受益人 的仲裁書公證副本 3 本保函項下我們承擔的義務總值無論如何不應超過 美元 大寫 并且該 金額應隨著賣方和 或我們按照本保函的條款和條件不時支付給買方的金額自動遞減 4 就本保函而言 根據本保函第 2 項提出的索賠并附帶所規定的單據 對于賣方向買 方支付上述第 1 項所指的費用的義務應當是最后的 結論性的 只要不是在索賠函附帶 有按上述第 2 項 B 點要求的仲裁裁決書或上述 A 1 點要求的賣方的信函的情況下 我 們在收到該索賠后 工作日之內并未得到賣方關于此種義務存在爭議的信函或電傳通 知 5 本保函從買方接受并提走輪船之日起生效 并 在下列附帶條件下 期滿失效 a 于 年 月 日根據柴油發動機配 20L UT 質量保證的有關規定提出任何索賠 或 b 于提貨 月后的某日根據該質量保證規定提出任何其他索賠 6 本保函受英國法律制約并按英格蘭法律解釋 我們特此同意 就與本保函相關的任 何法律訴訟或程序而言 服從英格蘭法庭的非專屬管轄權 我行派遣充分授權的代表作為證人于前述日期簽署本保函 擔保人 譯文注釋 1 英語中商務合同 協議 保函等常采用 WHEREAS NOW THEREFORE 鑒于 因此現在 這樣的文件格式 但漢語中則習慣用 為了 雙方 格式 2 第 1 項開頭 in the event that 出現情況的定語很長 無法按原文順序直譯出來 就必須 將其切短 翻譯成同位語從句 用 即 字連接 第 2 項的定語較短 按原文直譯成 如果發 生賣方未能按照本保函的條款支付上述費用的情況 3 第 4 項中 provided 以 為條件 假如 連詞 通常都放在主句后面 其同義詞 providing 中正法律英語翻譯網收集整理 則通常放在句首 本文中它所連接的是一個很長而復雜的復合句子作為前面主句的條件從 句 如果譯成 以 為條件 或 假如 放在主句后面 不符合漢語習慣 這里譯成 只 要 也可改為 條件是 4 IN WITNESS WHEREOF 在那里作為證人 西方在協議 合同等文本結尾一段開頭習慣 用這一格式化套語 即 在那里作為證人簽署 通常譯作 以資證明 范例之三范例之三銀行借款保函銀行借款保函 To The beneficiaryOur Ref No Date ADVISED THROUGH Dear Sirs Our Irrevocable Letter of Guarantee No With reference to the Loan Agreement No signed between your good selves and hereinafter referred to as Party A in place on date and at the request of Party A we hereby establish in your favor an Irrevocable Letter of Guarantee No for an amount not exceeding in words We guarantee that after you provide Party A with the loan as stipulated in the Agreement they will repay you the principal as well as the interest accrued thereon at p a within the time in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Agreement Should Party A fail to repay you the loaned amount plus interest wholly or partially within the time limit we undertake to effect the aforesaid repayment plus interest on their behalf after we have received from the advising bank within the validity of this L G your written demand to be verified