定語(yǔ)從句專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練.單句語(yǔ)法填空1(2015北京重點(diǎn)中學(xué)聯(lián)考改編)the main street is lined with small stands and shops _sell almost anything you can imagine.解析：句意：主街道兩旁小貨攤和商店鱗次櫛比，它們出售你能想象到的任何東西。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為small stands and shops，指物，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用which或that引導(dǎo)該定語(yǔ)從句。答案：which/that2(2015湖南益陽(yáng)箴言中學(xué)模擬改編)dad decided to build a small tool room with a lock，_he would keep his best tools so my brother couldnt reach them.解析：句意：父親決定建一個(gè)帶鎖的小工具室，把他最好的工具放到里面，這樣我弟弟就不會(huì)拿到了。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞a small tool room，并在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故用where或in which引導(dǎo)該定語(yǔ)從句。答案：where/in which3(2016陜西西安市83中階段考試改編)recently，there have been many occasions _you have attended events on your own.解析：“you have attended events on your own”為定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞occasion“場(chǎng)合，時(shí)刻”，并且在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故填when。答案：when4(2015四川樂(lè)清市二中月考改編)the science of computer，in _rapid progress has been made in recent years，plays a very important role in our daily life.解析：句意：電腦最近這些年進(jìn)步飛速，在我們的日常生活中扮演重要的角色。本題考查“介詞which/whom”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為the science of computer，故填which。答案：which5she can always create an atmosphere for her students，_allows them to talk freely with each other.解析：句意：她總能為自己的學(xué)生創(chuàng)造一種可以彼此自由交流的氛圍。先行詞為atmosphere，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，故填which。答案：which6_is announced in todays newspaper，we have launched another manmade satellite.解析：句意：我們又發(fā)射了一顆人造衛(wèi)星，這是在今天的報(bào)紙上宣布的。根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本題考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，并且修飾整個(gè)句子，并在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故填as，表示“正如”。答案： as7my laptop computer，_which i cant go on with my work，broke down the other day.解析：句意：我的手提電腦前幾天壞了，沒(méi)有它我不能繼續(xù)工作。本句的computer是先行詞，_ which i cant go on with my work是定語(yǔ)從句修飾computer，從句中成分完整，根據(jù)句意應(yīng)用“否定介詞關(guān)系代詞”來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，故填without。答案：without8he is of confidence，_，in my opinion，is most important in society.解析：句意：他很自信，在我看來(lái)，這一點(diǎn)在社會(huì)中最重要。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是confidence，定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，用which引導(dǎo)。答案：which9my brothers bedroom is always a mess，and he can never find anything，_is very frustrating.解析：句意：我哥哥的臥室總是亂糟糟的，而且他永遠(yuǎn)什么都找不到，這真讓人心煩。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指代整個(gè)主句。答案：which10its helpful to put children in a situation _they can see themselves differently.解析：句意：讓孩子們能看到不同的自己很有幫助。抽象名詞situation作定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)該定語(yǔ)從句。答案：where11the old man turned his business over to his younger son，_made his elder son discouraged.解析：句意：那位老人把生意交給了小兒子，這使他的大兒子很受打擊。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指代前面一整句話的內(nèi)容，并在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故填which。答案：which12the house，_door often stays open until late at night，works as a home for the guards，some of _are from the countryside.解析：句意：那間通常到深夜才關(guān)門(mén)的房子是給門(mén)衛(wèi)們住的，他們中的一些人來(lái)自農(nóng)村。兩空均引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，第一空的先行詞為the house，與后面的door之間為所屬關(guān)系，故用關(guān)系代詞whose；第二空先行詞是guards，指人，關(guān)系代詞在介詞of后作賓語(yǔ)，因此用關(guān)系代詞whom。答案：whose；whom13the artist was very proud of his creation and called it the best painting _he had ever done.解析：句意：那位藝術(shù)家為他的創(chuàng)作感到自豪，并稱(chēng)之為他所創(chuàng)作的最好的作品。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為the best painting，關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)。先行詞由形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞用that。答案：that14lily took a few friends to my birthday party，none of_ i was familiar with.解析：句意：莉莉帶了一些朋友來(lái)參加我的生日聚會(huì)，他們中我一個(gè)也不熟悉。逗號(hào)后為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為a few friends，指人，且設(shè)空處作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，因此填 whom。答案：whom15we live in an age _more information is available with greater ease than ever before.解析：句意：我們生活在一個(gè)比以往能夠更加容易得到更多信息的時(shí)代。先行詞是an age，表示時(shí)間，設(shè)空處在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，所以用when。答案：when.單句改錯(cuò)1(2015北京西城二模改編)paris has some great museums which visitors can see fine works of impressionist painters._解析：句意：巴黎有一些很棒的博物館，在那里游客可以看到印象派畫(huà)家的優(yōu)秀作品。定語(yǔ)從句先行詞是some great museums，先行詞是指地點(diǎn)的名詞，且定語(yǔ)從句visitors can see fine works of impressionist painters句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，因此用關(guān)系副詞where來(lái)引導(dǎo)該定語(yǔ)從句。答案：whichwhere2(2015天津十二區(qū)縣聯(lián)考改編)the course normally attracts 20 students per year，of who up to half will be from overseas._解析：句意：這門(mén)課程一般每年吸引20個(gè)學(xué)生，他們中多達(dá)一半的人將來(lái)自海外。先行詞為20 students。定語(yǔ)從句中包含固定短語(yǔ)half of.此處應(yīng)將of提前，介詞后只能接which和whom引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，故把who改為whom。答案：whowhom3shandong normal university has developed a system on which students can choose whatever subject they like._解析：句意：山東師范大學(xué)已經(jīng)研發(fā)了一個(gè)學(xué)生能夠選擇他們喜歡的任何課程的系統(tǒng)。先行詞system在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)用介詞in，表示在這個(gè)系統(tǒng)中。 答案：onin4(2015山東青島一模改編)where did you get to know her?on the farm that we both worked in the 1970s._解析：句意：你在哪里認(rèn)識(shí)她的？在20世紀(jì)70年代我們兩個(gè)曾經(jīng)工作過(guò)的農(nóng)場(chǎng)(認(rèn)識(shí)她的)。根據(jù)先行詞the farm在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，所以引導(dǎo)詞為where。答案：thatwhere5the old pictures bring them to the days when they spent together，when life was hard but happy._解析：句意：那些舊照片使他們回想起他們?cè)谝黄鸲冗^(guò)的那些日子，當(dāng)時(shí)生活很苦但很幸福。they spent together為定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為the days，在定語(yǔ)從句中作spent的賓語(yǔ)，故用which或that。答案：第一個(gè)whenwhich/that6lenovo has brought out a new laptop which low cost will make it attractive to students._解析：句意：聯(lián)想又出了一種新型筆記本電腦，它低廉的價(jià)位會(huì)對(duì)學(xué)生們很有吸引力。先行詞為a new laptop，在定語(yǔ)從句作定語(yǔ)，故改為whose。答案：whichwhose7when times become difficult，remember a moment in your life when was filled with joy and happiness._解析：句意：當(dāng)日子變得艱苦時(shí)，想一想生活中充滿快樂(lè)和幸福的時(shí)刻。先行詞a moment在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，故改為which或that。答案：whenwhich/that8toms mother kept telling him that he should work hard，that didnt work._解析：句意：湯姆的母親不斷地告訴他應(yīng)該認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)，這沒(méi)有起作用。此處是which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指代前面整個(gè)句子，不能用that。答案：第二個(gè)thatwhich9the problem about that i consulted you has now been solved._解析：句意：我向你請(qǐng)教的那個(gè)問(wèn)題現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)解決了。此處是“介詞關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。介詞后只能用which(指物)和whom(指人)，不能用that和who。答案：thatwhich10i can recognize the book.that is the same english book as he borrows from the school library._解析：句意：我能認(rèn)出那本書(shū)，那就是他從學(xué)校圖書(shū)館借來(lái)的那本英語(yǔ)書(shū)(指同一本書(shū))。此處應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞“ english book”。答案：asthat11the naughty boy is not the same child that he was._解析：the same.as.指“同樣”，the same.that.指“同一”。此處表示這個(gè)調(diào)皮的男孩和過(guò)去不一樣了，即現(xiàn)在與過(guò)去不一樣了。答案：thatas12there is no such man here that you mentioned just now._解析：句意：這里沒(méi)有你剛才提及的那種人。先行詞是such修飾的某一名詞時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞as來(lái)引導(dǎo)，因此把that改為as。答案：thatas13tom is such a good boy as we all love him._解析：句意：tom是一個(gè)如此出色的孩子，我們都喜歡他。such.that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“如此以至于”。答案：asthat14in the age of globalization which communication becomes much easier，people who even live far away can become good friends._解析：句意：在溝通變得更加容易的全球化時(shí)代，即使住得很遠(yuǎn)的人們也能成為好朋友。先行詞為age，關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故將which改為when。答案：whichwhen15the school library is a resource from which you can take advantage to make progress._解析：此處根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)take advantage后接of可確定介詞，故將from改為of。答案：fromof高考模擬.語(yǔ)法填空(2015河北唐山市統(tǒng)一考試)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。many people travel during the holiday season but do not make sure that their houses and homes 1._ (protect)crime goes up 2._ (rapid) during the winter and summer holiday seasons.here are some things that you should keep in mind when you go on a holiday.always give 3._ (strange) the feeling that you are at home.have the snow 4._ (clean) off your stairs or out of your driveway during the winter season.you might ask someone to park 5._ car in your driveway.tell your newspaper deliverer that you are not at home.6._ (have) a pile of newspapers and other mail on your doorsteps tells people that you are not at home，so you could also have a neighbor 7._ a relative get your mail every day.fix a timer in some of your rooms 8._ turns lights on and 9._ during different time of the day.some tvs also come with a timer that you could set to be turned on during certain time.have motion(運(yùn)動(dòng)) sensitive lights outside your house that keep thieves away 10._ you are not at home.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了外出度假時(shí)防賊入室的幾種方法。1解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)空格前的“do not make sure”可知，此處應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；因從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞protect與主語(yǔ)their houses and homes構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。答案：are protected2解析：考查副詞。此處為副詞作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)“goes up”。答案：rapidly3解析：考查名詞。此處為give后的直接賓語(yǔ)，因此應(yīng)用名詞，又因此處應(yīng)為泛指意義的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，所以填入strangers。答案：strangers4解析：考查過(guò)去分詞。此處為have的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，因?yàn)閏lean與the snow構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以用過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。答案：cleaned5解析：考查代詞。因指代前文中的someone，并在此處作car的定語(yǔ)，所以填入形容詞性物主代詞his。答案：his6解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處是用動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)“having a pile of newspapers and other mail on your doorsteps”作主語(yǔ)。答案：having7解析：考查連詞。此處表示選擇關(guān)系，因此填入并列連詞or。答案：or8解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。此處為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞a timer，因關(guān)系詞替代先行詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，所以可填入that或which。答案：that/which9解析：考查介詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及空前的“on and”可知，此處用off，表示關(guān)燈。答案：off10解析：考查時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。此處表示當(dāng)你不在家的時(shí)候讓竊賊遠(yuǎn)離你的家，所以用when或while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。注意：當(dāng)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為短暫性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，不能用while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。答案：when/while.短文改錯(cuò)(2015河北唐山市一模)假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)()，并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。i went to england last summer as a exchange student，and stayed there for three months.i used to thinking we had pretty various afterschool activities.however，i was surprised to find their projects were even diverse.i made friend with the daughter of my homestay family，which was a college student.he