全國醫學博士外語統一考試英語試卷PaperOnePartIListeningComprehension(30%)SectionA1.A.Itwascalledoffunexpectedly.B.Itraisedmoremoneythanexpected.C.Itreceivedfewerpeoplethanexpected.D.Itdisappointedthewomanfortheman’sabsence.2.A.Athoraciccase.B.Anervousdisorder.C.Astomachproblem.D.Apsychiatriccondition.3.A.Inthehousingofficeoncampus.B.Inthedowntownhotel.C.Atarentalagency.D.Inthenursinghome.4.A.Trilled.B.RefreshedC.Exhausted.D.Depressed.5.A.Totravelwithhisparents.B.Toorganizeapicnicinthecountry.C.Tocruise,evenwithouthisfriends.D.TotakeaflighttotheMaldives.6.A.He’sgotarevert.B.He’sgotnausea.C.He’sgotdiarrhea.D.He’sgotarunnynose.7.A.Tosuturetheman’swound.B.Toremovethebitsofglass.C.Todisinfecttheman’sinjured.D.Totakeacloselookattheman’swound.8.A.Mr.Lindleyhadgotinjured.B.Mr.Lindleyhadfallenasleep.C.Mr.Lindleyhadfallenoffhischair.D.Mr.Lindleyhadlostconsciousness.9.A.ShewillapplytoDukeUniversity.B.ShewillprobablyattendtheUniversityofTexas.C.Shemadeuphermindtogiveupschoolforwork.D.ShechoseDukeUniversityovertheUniversityofTexas.10.A.Herboyfriendbrokeupwithher.B.Shewasalmostrunoverbyatruck.C.Oneofherfriendswasemotionallyhurt.D.Shedumpedherboyfriend’struckintheriver.11.A.Thepatientwillnotacceptthedoctor’srecommendation.B.Thedoctorlostcontroloftheallergicreaction.C.Thedoctorfindsithardtodecidewhattodo.D.Themedicineisnotavailabletothepatient.12.A.Itwasmoreexpensivethantheoriginalprice.B.Itwasgiventothewomanasagift.C.Itwasthelastarticleonsale.D.Itwasagoodbargain.13.A.excited.B.Impatient.C.Indifferent.D.Concerned.14.A.Sheregretsbuyingthecar.B.Thecarjustarrivedyesterday.C.Shewillcertainlynotbuythecar.D.Thisisthecarshehasbeenwanting.15.A.Heisseriouslyill.B.Hisworkisamess.C.Theweatherislousythisweek.D.Hehasbeenworkingunderpressure.SectionBPassageOne16.A.Hehasgotbowelcancer.B.Hehasgotheartdisease.C.Hehasgotbonecancer.D.Hehasgotheartburn.17.A.Tohaveacolonoscopy.B.Toseekasecondopinion.C.Tobenutonchemotherapy.D.Tohavehisbowelremoved.18.A.Aprettyminorsurgery.B.Anormallifeaheadofhim.C.Amiracleinhiscomingyears.D.Alifewithoutanyinconveniences.19.A.Thankful.B.Admiring.C.Resentful.D.Respectful.20.A.Itwasbasedonthesymptomsthatmanhaddescribed.B.Itwasprescribedconsideringpossiblecomplications.C.Iwasgivenaccordingtotheman’sactualcondition.D.Itwaseffectivebecauseofaproperintervention.PassageTwo21.A.SmokingandLungCancer.B.LungCancerandthesexes.C.Howtoquitsmoking.D.Howtopreventlungcancer.22.A.Currentsmokersexclusively.B.Second-handsmokers.C.Withalungproblems.D.Atage40orover.23.A.156B.269C.7498D.942724.A.Smokingistheculpritincausinglungcancer.B.Womenaremorevulnerableinlungcancerthanmen.C.Womenarefoundtobemoreaddictedtosmokingthanmen.D.Whenstruckbylungcancer,menseemtolivelongerthanmen.25.A.Lungcancercanbeearlydetected.B.Lungcancerisdeadlybutpreventable.C.Lungcancerisfatalandunpredictable.D.Smokingaffectsthelungsofmenandwomendifferently.PassageThree26.A.AhobbyB.ThewholeworldC.learningexperience.D.Acareertoearnaliving27.A.HerlegswerebrokenB.HerarmswerebrokenC.HershoulderswereseverelyinjuredD.Hercervicalvertebratewereseriouslyinjured.28.A.ShelearnedaforeignlanguageB.Shelearnedtomakefriends.C.Shelearnedtobeateacher.D.Shelearnedalivingskills.29.A.Sheworkedasaskiingcoach.B.Shewasacollegeinstructor.C.Shewasasocialworkerinaclinic.D.Sheworkedaselementaryschoolteacher.30.A.Optimisticandhard-bitten.B.Pessimisticandcynical.C.Humorousandfunny.D.Kindandreliable.PartIIVocabulary(10%)SectionA31.I’mafraidthatyou’llhaveto___________thedeteriorationn.惡化；退化；墮落ofthecondition.A.accountfor對…負有責任；對…做出解釋；闡明……的原因；導致；（比例）占B.callfor規定；需要；倡導；邀請；為…叫喊C.lookfor尋找D.makefor導致；有助于；走向32.Twelvehoursaweekseemedagenerousadj.慷慨的，大方的；寬宏大量的；有雅量的___________ofyourtimetothenursinghome.A.afflictionn.苦難；苦惱；折磨B.alternativeadj.供選擇的；選擇性的；交替的n.二中擇一；供替代的選擇C.allocationn.分派，配置；安頓（locationn.位置（形容詞locational）；地點；外景拍攝場地）D.alliancen.聯盟，聯合；聯姻33.Everyproductis_________testedbeforebeingputintomarket.A.expensivelyB.exceptionallyadv.異常地；特殊地；例外地C.exhaustivelyadv.耗盡一切地D.exclusivelyadv.唯一地；專有地；排外地34.Havingcleanhandsisoneofthe___________ruleswhenpreparingfood.A.potentadj.有效的；強有力的，有權勢的；有說服力的B.conditionaladj.有條件的；假定的n.條件句；條件語C.inseparableadj.[數]不可分割的；不能分離的n.不可分離的事物；形影不離的朋友D.cardinaln.紅衣主教；樞機主教；鮮紅色；【鳥類】(北美)主紅雀adj.重要的，基本的；深紅色的35.Theeducatorsshouldtryhardtodevelopthe________abilitiesofchildren.A.cohesiveadj.有結合力的；緊密結合的；有粘著力的B.cognitiveadj.認知的，認識的C.collectiveadj.集體的；共同的；集合的；集體主義的n.集團；集合體；集合名詞D.comicadj.喜劇的；滑稽的；有趣的n.連環漫畫；喜劇演員；滑稽人物36.Mortgagevt.抵押n.抵押房屋抵押貸款___________hadriseninthelastyearbecausethenumberoflow-incomefamilieswasontheincrease.A.defectsn.缺陷，缺陷；局限性之處vi.變節；叛變B.deficitsn.赤字；局限性額C.defaultsvi.拖欠；不履行；不到場n.違約；缺席；缺乏；系統默認值vt.不履行；不參與（比賽等）；對…處以缺席裁判（faultn.故障；[地質]斷層；錯誤；缺陷；毛病；（網球等）發球失誤vi.弄錯；產生斷層）D.deceptionsn.欺騙，欺詐；騙術37.Thesymptomsn.[臨床]癥狀；癥候；病徵maybe__________bycertaindrugs.A.exaggeratedadj.夸張的，言過其實的v.夸張，夸張B.exacerbatedvt.使加劇；使惡化；激怒=aggravateC.exceededadj.非常的；過度的；溢出的v.超過（exceed的過去分詞）；越出D.exhibitedadj.展出的v.展出；體現出（exhibit的過去分詞）38.Herstorywasacompleteadj.完整的；完全的；徹底的vt.完畢_________fromstarttofinish,sonobodybelievedinher.A.facilityn.設施；設備；輕易；機靈B.fascinationn.魅力；魔力；入迷（adj.fascinating

迷人的；吸引人的；使人神魂顛倒的fascinated

著迷的；被深深吸引的）C.fabricationn.制造，建造；裝配；偽造物（n.fabric

織物；布；組織；構造；fabricator

制作者；杜撰者v.fabricated

制造，組裝；偽造，捏造（fabricate的過去分詞）vt.fabricate

制造；偽造；裝配）D.facultyn.科，系；能力；全體教員39.Thepoliceinvestigatingthetrafficaccidenthavenotruledout排除；取消；劃去；反對；制止_________.A.salvagen.打撈；海上救濟；急救財貨；救難的獎金vt.急救；海上救濟B.safeguardn.[安全]保護；保衛；保護措施vt.[安全]保護，護衛C.sabotagevt.妨害；對…采用破壞行動vi.從事破壞活動n.破壞；破壞活動；怠工D.sacrificen.犧牲；祭品；供奉vt.犧牲；獻祭；賠本發售vi.獻祭；奉獻40.Thegovernmentalways_________onthebackgroundn.背景；隱蔽的位置vt.作…的背景adj.背景的；公布背景材料的ofemployeeswhoarehiredforsensitivemilitaryprojects.A.takesup拿起；開始從事；占據(時間,地方)B.checksup檢查；查對（checkout檢查；結賬離開；通過考核；蓋章

，結賬後離開，結帳後離開，辦理退房、出院手續）C.worksout處理；算出；實現；制定出；消耗完；弄懂；鍛煉D.looksinto調查；觀測；窺視；瀏覽；看SectionB41.The19thcenturyphysiologyn.生理學；生理機能wasdominatedvt.控制；支配；占優勢；在…中占重要地位vi.占優勢；處在支配地位bythestudyofthetransformationsoffoodenergyintobodymass體重andactivity.A.boostedadj.升高的；升壓的；加力的v.提高，推進；宣傳（boost的過去式）B.governedv.管理（govern的過去式和過去分詞）；統治；支配C.clarifiedadj.澄清的；透明的v.闡明（clarify的過去分詞形式）；澄清D.pioneeredv.倡導；作先驅（pioneer的過去式）42.Surely,itwouldbesensibleadj.明智的合乎情理的通情達理的意識到的，能感覺到的togetasecondopinionbeforetakinganyfurtheraction.

采用深入行動，深入的行動A.realisticadj.現實的；現實主義的；逼真的；實在論的B.sensitiveadj.敏感的；感覺的；[儀]敏捷的；感光的；易受傷害的；易受影響的n.敏感的人；有靈異能力的人C.reasonableadj.合理的，公道的；通情達理的D.sensationaladj.轟動的；聳人聽聞的；非常好的；使人感動的（economicsanction

經濟制裁）43.TheChinesepeopleholdtheancestorsn.祖先；被繼承人ingreatveneration.n.尊敬；崇拜（Ancestorveneration

祖先崇拜）A.recognitionn.識別；承認，認出；重視；贊譽；公認B.sincerityn.真實，誠摯C.heritagen.遺產；老式；繼承物；繼承權D.honourn.榮譽；尊敬；勛章vt.尊敬；[金融]承兌；承兌遠期票據44.Iworkedtodeveloptherequisiteskill必要技能（requisiteadj.必備的，必不可少的；需要的n.必需品）formanagerialadj.[管理]管理的；經理的post.n.崗位；郵件；標桿vt.張貼；公布；郵遞；布置vi.迅速行進A.perfectadj.完美的；最佳的；精通的vt.使完美；使純熟n.完畢式B.exquisiteadj.精致的；細膩的；優美的，高雅的；異常的；n.服飾過于講究的男子C.uniqueadj.獨特的，稀罕的；[數]唯一的，獨一無二的n.獨一無二的人或物D.necessaryadj.必要的；必需的；必然的n.必需品45.Ifexerciseisabodilymaintenanceactivity

維修活動andanindexn.指標；指數；索引；指針vi.做索引vt.指出；編入索引中ofphysiologicalage生理年齡,thelackofsufficientexercisemayeithercauseorhastenaging.兩者擇一的；要么…要么…A.instancen.實例；狀況；提議vt.舉...為例B.indicatorn.指示器；[試劑]指示劑；[計]指示符；壓力計C.appearancen.外貌，外觀；出現，露面D.optionn.[計]選項；選擇權；買賣的特權（potentadj.有效的；強有力的，有權勢的；有說服力的）46.ThedoctoradvisedKentoavoidstrenuousexercise劇烈運動.（strenuousadj.緊張的；費力的；奮發的；艱苦的；熱烈的）A.arduousadj.努力的；費力的；險峻的B.demandingadj.苛求的；規定高的；吃力的v.規定；查問（demand的ing形式）C.potentadj.有效的；強有力的，有權勢的；有說服力的D.continuousadj.持續的，持續的；繼續的；連綿不停的47.Thehospitalshouldbeheldaccountablefor負責，對…應付責任thequalityofcare護理質量itdelivers.A.practicableadj.可用的；行得通的；可實行的B.reliableadj.可靠的；可信賴的n.可靠的人C.flexibleadj.靈活的；柔韌的；易彎曲的D.responsibleadj.負責的，可靠的；有責任的48.Greenpeacen.綠色和平組織（保護動物不遭捕獵等）hasbeeninvitetoappraisevt.評價，鑒定；估價theenvironmentcostsofsuchanoperation.A.esteemvt.尊敬；認為；考慮；估價n.尊重；尊敬B.appreciatevt.欣賞；感謝；領會；鑒別vi.增值；漲價C.evaluatevt.評價；估價；求…的值vi.評價；估價D.approvevt.同意；贊成；為…提供證據vi.同意；贊成；滿意49.Thecompanystillhopestofindabuyer,butthefuturelooksbleak.adj.陰冷的；荒蕪的，無遮蔽的；黯淡的，無但愿的；冷酷的；單調的A.chillyadj.寒冷的；怕冷的B.dismaladj.凄涼的，憂郁的；陰沉的，沉悶的n.低落的情緒C.promisingadj.有但愿的，有前途的v.許諾，答應（promise的目前分詞形式）D.fanaticn.狂熱入迷者；盲信者；盲信adj.狂熱的；盲信的50.Thesewerevitaladj.至關重要的；生死攸關的；有活力的decisionsn.決定，決心；決策thatboreupon（bearupon）有關；瞄準；對…施加壓力thehappinessofeverybody.A.ensuredvt.保證，保證；使安全B.ruinedn.廢墟；毀壞；滅亡vt.消滅；使破產vi.破產；墮落；被消滅C.achievedvt.獲得；獲得；實現；成功vi.到達預期的目的，實現預期的成果，如愿以償D.influencedn.影響；勢力；感化；有影響的人或事vt.影響；變化PartIIICloze(10%)Aresomepeopleborncleverandothersbornstupid?Orisintelligencen.智力；情報工作；情報機關；理解力developedbyourenvironmentandourexperiences?Strangely___51___,theanswertoboththesequestionsisyes.Tosomeextent在一定程度上；在某種程度上ourintelligenceisgivenusatbirth生下來時（innateadj.先天的；固有的；與生俱來的）,andnoamountof雖然再大（或再多）的…（也不）specialeducationcanmakeageniusn.天才，天賦；精神___52____achildbornwithlowintelligence.Ontheotherhand另首先,achildwholivesinboringadj.無聊的；令人厭煩的environmentwilldevelophisintelligencelessthantheonewholivesinrichandvariedsurrounding.Thusthe___53___ofaperson’sintelligencearefixedatbirth,butwhetherornothereachesthoselimitswilldependonhis___54___.Thisview,notheldbymostexpertscanbesupportedinanumberofways.Itiseasytoshowthatintelligenceistosomeextent在一定程度上；在某種程度上___55___wearebornwith.Thecloserthebloodrelationship血統；血緣關系betweentwopeople,theclosertheyarelikelytobeinintelligence.Thusifwetaketwounrelatedpeople___56___,itislikelythattheirdegreesofintelligencewillbecompletelydifferent.Ifontheotherhandwetaketwoidenticaltwins[遺]同卵雙胞胎；[婦產]單卵性雙胎theywilllikelybeasintelligentaseachother.Relationslikebrothersandsisters,parentsandchildren,usuallyhave___57___intelligenceandthisclearlysuggeststhatintelligencedependsonbirth.___58___nowthatwetakeidenticaltwinsandputthemindifferentenvironments.Wemightsendone,forexampletoauniversityandtheothertoafactorywheretheworkisboring.Wewouldsoonfinddifferencesinintelligencedeveloping,andthisindicatesvt.表明；指出；預示；象征thatenvironment___59___birthplaysapart.Thisconclusionisalsosuggestedbythe___60___thatpeoplewholiveinclosecontactwitheachother.Butwhoarenotrelatedatall,arelikelytohavesimilardegreesofintelligence.53.A.amountsn.數量，總額（amount的復數）v.總和（amount的第三人稱單數形式）B.qualities[記錄]品質C.limitsn.限制；程度；界線vt.限制；限定D.scoresn.分數；二拾；配樂；刻痕vt.獲得；評價；劃線，刻劃；把…記下vi.得分；記分；刻痕54.A.dispositionn.處置；[心理]性情；[軍]布署；傾向B.perceptionn.知覺；[生理]感覺；見解；洞察力；獲取C.endowmentn.捐贈；捐助；捐款；天資56.A.inadvanceadv.預先，提前B.foreffect為了給人良好的印象；為了得到效果C.atrandom胡亂地；隨便地；任意地D.underway進行中；航行中；在行進57.A.similaradj.相似的n.類似物B.variousadj.多種各樣的；多方面的C.appropriateadj.合適的；恰當的；合適的vt.占用，撥出D.inbornadj.天生的；先天的PartIVReadingComprehension(30%)PassageOne1.Fourteen-year-oldSeanMeCallumlayinahospitalbedwaitingforanewheart.Withoutit,Seanwoulddie.Sean’scaseisnotunusual.Everydaymanypeoplediebecausetherejustaren’tenoughhumanorganstogoaround.到處走動；供應；（消息）流傳2.Nowscientistssaytheycanalterthegeneticmake-up基因構成，遺傳構成ofcertainanimalssothattheirorgansmaybeacceptableto使...可接受humans.Withthisgene-alteringtechniquetoovercomevt.克服；勝過vi.克服；得勝（comeover過來；順便來訪；抓住）ourimmunerejection免疫排斥toforeignorgans,scientistshopetousepigheartfortransplantsvt.移植；遷移；使移居n.移植；移植器官；被移植物；移居者vi.移植；遷移；移居bytheyear.3.Thatprospectn.前途；預期；景色vi.勘探，找礦vt.勘探，勘察,however,hasstirredup激起；煽動；攪拌；喚起strongoppositionn.反對；反對派；在野黨；敵對amonganimalfightactivities.Theyprotestvi.抗議；斷言vt.抗議；斷言n.抗議adj.表達抗議的；抗議性的thatthewholeideaofusinganimalorgansiscrueladj.殘酷的，殘忍的；使人痛苦的，讓人受難的；無情的，嚴酷的andunjust.adj.不公平的，不公正的；非正義的.Somescientistsalsofearsuchtransplantsmaytransmitvt.傳播；傳播；發射；傳達；遺傳unknowndiseasestohumans.4.Othersbelievetransplantinganimalorgansintohumansisunnecessary.Millionsofdollarsspentonbreedingpigsfortheirorganscouldbebetterspentonhealtheducationprograms.Theybelieveseventy-fivepercentoftheheartdiseasecasesthatleadtoaneedfororgantransplantarepreventableadj.可防止的；可制止的；可防止的.Thekeyistoconvincepeopletoeathealthily,andnottosmokeordrinkalcohol.Scientistscouldalsouseresearchfundstoimproveartificialadj.人造的；仿造的；虛偽的；非原產地的；武斷的organs.5.Stillothersbelievethatthoughnewinventionsandpreventionprogramsmayhelp,spendingmoneytoencouragemorepeopletodonatetheirorgansisanevenbetteridea.Ifenoughpeoplewereeducatedaboutorgandonations,everyonewhoneededanorgancouldbetakenoff起飛；脫下；離開thewaitinglistinayear.61.Whatistheproblemthepassagebeginswith?A.Highmortalityrateofimmunerejection.B.Amalpracticen.玩忽職守；不法行為；治療不妥inhearttransplantation.C.Anunusualcaseoforgantransplant.D.Ashortageofhumanorgans.62.Notonlyisthegene-alteringtechniqueatechnicalissue技術問題,accordingtothepassagebutalsoit_________________________.A.introducesanissueofinhumanityn.不人道，無人性；殘暴B.raisestheissueofjusticen.司法，法律制裁；正義；法官，審判員inmedicineC.presentsasignificantadj.重大的；有效的；故意義的；值得注意的；意味深長的n.象征；故意義的事物threattohumannature人性；人類本性D.pushesthepracticeoforgantransplanttothelimits63.Doubtfulofthenecessityofusinganimalorgans,somescientists___________________.A.aretonarrowadj.狹窄的，有限的；勉強的；精密的；度量小的n.海峽；狹窄部分，隘路vt.使變狹窄thescopen.范圍；余地；視野；眼界；導彈射程vt.審閱oforgantransplantsB.switchtov.切換到；轉到；轉變成thedevelopmentofartificialorgansC.comeupwith提出；想出；趕上alternativestothecurrentproblemD.setoutto打算，著手,開始purchasen.購置；緊握；起重裝置vt.購置；贏得vi.購置東西betterwaysoftreatingheartdisease64.Itcanbeinferredfrom推斷theconcludingparagraphofthepassagethat__________________.A.thegene-alteringtechniquewillhelpthosewaitingfororgantransplantsB.thepresentsupplyofhumanorgansstillhaspotentialn.潛能；也許性；[電]電勢adj.潛在的；也許的；勢的（potentadj.有效的；強有力的，有權勢的；有說服力的）tobeexploredvt.探索；探測；探險C.peopleprefertheuseofanimalorgansformedicalpurposesn.目的；用途；意志vt.決心；企圖；打算D.thegene-alteringtechniqueleavesmuchtobelieved65.Theinformationthepassagecarriesis__________________________.A.enlighteningadj.使人領悟的；有啟發作用的v.啟蒙；告知（enlighten的ing形式）B.unbelievableadj.難以置信的；不可信的C.imaginativeadj.虛構的；富于想象的；有發明力的（imaginable

也許的；可想像的）D.factualadj.事實的PassageTwo1.Thereisagreatironyn.挖苦；反語；具有挖苦意味的事adj.鐵的；似鐵的of21stcenturyglobalhealth:Whilemanyhundredsofmillionsof數以億計peoplelackadequateadj.充足的；合適的；勝任的foodasaresultofeconomicinequitiesn.不公平，不公正,politicalcorruption政治腐敗（corruptionn.貪污，腐敗；墮落）,orwarfaren.戰爭；沖突,manyhundredsofmillionsmoreareoverweighttothepointof到達…的程度increasedriskfordiet-relatedchronicdiseases.Obesityn.肥大，肥胖isaworldwidephenomenonn.現象；奇跡；杰出的人才,affectingchildrenaswellasadultsandforcingallbutthepoorestcountriestodivertvt.轉移；使…歡娛；使…轉向scarceresources稀有資源（scarceadj.缺乏的，局限性的；稀有的adv.僅僅；幾乎不；幾乎沒有）awayfromfoodsecurity糧食安全；食品安全；食物保障totakecareofpeoplewithpreventableadj.可防止的；可制止的；可防止的heartdiseaseanddiabetes.n.糖尿病；多尿癥2.Toreversen.背面；相反；倒退；失敗vt.顛倒；倒轉adj.背面的；顛倒的；反身的theobesityepidemicadj.流行的；傳染性的n.傳染病；流行病；風尚等的流行,wemustaddressvt.演說；從事；忙于；寫姓名地址；向…致辭；與…說話；提出；處理n.地址；演講；致辭；說話的技巧；稱呼thefundamentalcause主線原因.Overweightcomesfromconsumingmorefoodenergythanisexpendedvt.花費；消耗；用光；耗盡inactivity.Thecauseofthisimbalancealsoisironic:improvedprosperity.Peopleuseextraincometoeatmoreandbelessphysicallyactive.Marketeconomiesencouragethis.Theymakepeoplewithexpendableadj.可消費的；排出的；不反復使用的；可犧牲的n.消耗品incomeintoconsumersofaggressivelyadv.侵略地；襲擊地；有闖勁地（侵略=aggress;aggression;invade;invasion）（exaggeratedadj.夸張的，言過其實的v.夸張，夸張aggravatevt.加重；使惡化；激怒）marketedfoodsthatarehighinenergybutlowinnutritionalvalue營養價值,andofcars,televisionset,andcomputersthatpromotesedentaryadj.久坐的；坐慣的；定棲的；靜坐的behaviour.Gainingweightaregoodbusiness.Foodisparticularlybusinessbecauseeveryoneeats.3.Moreoveradv.并且；此外,foodissooverproducedvt.過度生產thatmanycountries,especiallytherichones,havefarmorethan遠遠超過，多得多的theyneed-anotherirony.IntheUnitedStates,totakeanextremeadj.極端的；極度的；偏激的；盡頭的n.極端；末端；最大程度；極端的事物example,mostadultsofallages,incomes,educationallevels,andcensusvt.實行記錄調查n.人口普查，人口調查categoriesn.種類，分類；[數]范圍–areoverweight.TheU.S.foodsupplyprovides3800kilocaloriesperpersonperday,nearlytwiceasmuchasrequiredvt.需要；規定；命令bymanyadults.Overabundantadj.太充足的；過多的foodforcescompaniestocompeteforsalesthroughadvertising,healthclaims,newproducts,largeportions.Andcampaignsvi.作戰；參與競選；參與活動n.運動；活動；戰役directedtowardchildren.Foodmarketingpromotesweightgain.Indeedadv.確實；實在；真正地；甚至,itisdifficulttothinkofanymajorindustrythatmightbenefitifpeopleeatlessfood;certainlynottheagriculture,foodproduct,groceryn.食品雜貨店,restaurant,dietordrugindustries.Allflourishn.興旺；茂盛；揮動；炫耀；華飾vt.夸耀；揮動vi.繁華，興旺；茂盛；活躍；處在旺盛時期whenpeopleeatmore.Andallemployarmiesoflobbyistsn.說客；活動議案通過者todiscouragevt.制止；使灰心governmentfromdoinganythingtoinhibitvt.克制；嚴禁=bar

；restrain

；control

；

stayovereating.66.Thegreatironyof21stcenturyglobalpublichealthrefersto_____________.A.thecauseofobesityanditscounteractiveadj.反作用的；抵御的；反對的n.反作用；抵御，對抗；反對measuresB.theinsufficientandsuperfluousadj.多出的；不必要的；奢侈的consumptionoffoodC.thescarcenaturalresourceandthegreenoffoodsourceD.theconsumptionn.消費；消耗；肺癆offoodandtheincreasedriskfordiet-relateddiseases67.Toaddressthefundamentalcauseoftheobesityepidemic,accordingtothepassage,is_______.A.toimprovepoliticalandeconomicmanagementB.tocopewith處理，應付theenergyimbalanceissueC.tocombatvt.反對；與…戰斗n.戰斗；爭論adj.戰斗的；為…斗爭的diet-relatedchronicdiseasesD.toincreaseinvestmentinglobalhealth68.Aswecanlearnfromthepassage,thesecondironyrefersto參照；波及；指的是；合用于_____________.A.affluencen.富裕；豐富；流入；匯聚andobesityB.foodenergyandnutritionalvalueC.foodbusinessandeconomicprosperity經濟繁華；發展生產（prosperityn.繁華，成功）D.diseasesofcivilizationn.文明；文化andpathologyn.病理（學）;異常狀態ofinactivity69.Asaresultofthethirdirony,people_____________________.A.consume3800kilocaloriesonadailybasisB.complainaboutfoodoverproductionC.havetoraisetheirfoodexpensesD.aredriventowards朝...方向驅使（DriveTowardsTheLight

駛向光明drivetowardssouth

照南開DriveTowardsZero

零排放）weightgain70.Whichofthefollowingcanbeexcludedvt.排除；排斥；拒絕接納；逐出aswecanunderstandbasedonthepassage?A.Theeconomicdimension.經濟局面（層面）B.Thepoliticaldimension政治方面（層面）C.Thehumaneadj.仁慈的，人道的；崇高的dimension.人文方面（層面）D.Thedietaryn.飲食的規定；食譜adj.飲食的，飯食的，規定食物的dimension飲食層面注：dimensionn.方面;[數]維；尺寸；次元；容積vt.標出尺寸adj.規格的3-dimension

三維PassageThree1.Womenfindamasculineadj.男性的；陽性的；男子氣概的n.男性；陽性，陽性詞（musclen.肌肉；力量vt.加強；使勁搬動；使勁擠出）facewithalargejawn.頜；下巴；狹窄入口；嘮叨vt.教訓；對…嘮叨andaprominentadj.突出的，明顯的；杰出的；卓越的brown.眉，眉毛；額；表情moreattractivewhentheyaremorelikelytoconceivevt.懷孕；構思；認為；持有，accordingtoastudypublishedintheJune24Nature.Before,during,andjustaftermenstruationn.[生理]月經；月經期間；有月經，however,theyseemtobedrawnto被…所吸引lessangularadj.[生物]有角的；生硬的，拙笨的；瘦削的,more“feminine”adj.女性的；婦女（似）的；陰性的；嬌柔的malefaces,theresearchersreport.2.“Otherstudiesoffemalepreferencen.偏愛，傾向；優先權,mainlyforodorsn.氣味；名聲,showchangesacrossthemenstrualcycle生理]月經周期,”saysleadingauthorIanPenton-VoakoftheUniversityofSt.AndrewsonScotland.“wethoughtitwouldbeinterestingtolookatvisualadj.視覺的，視力的；栩栩如生的preferencesandseeiftheychangedalso.3.Theresearchshowed39Japanesewomencompositen.復合材料；合成物；菊科adj.復合的；合成的；菊科的vt.使合成；使混合malefacesthatemphasizedmasculineorfemininefacialfeatures面部特性；面容todifferingdegrees.Thewomenpreferredvt.更喜歡；寧愿；提出；提高imageswithmoremasculinefeatures男性特性whentheywereinthefertileadj.富饒的，肥沃的；能生育的phasen.相；階段；[天]位相vt.使定相；逐漸執行oftheirmensesn.[生理]月經；[生理]行經butfavoredmorefemininefeaturesduringtheirlessfertilephase.4.Thetypeoffacewomenfindattractivealsoseemstodependonthekindofrelationshiptheywishtopursuevt.繼續；從事；追趕；糾纏,accordingtoanotherexperiment.Thecyclicpreferencefor偏愛…muscularfaceswasevidentadj.明顯的；明白的=obvious

/

distinct

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visibleamong23Britishwomenaskedtochoosethemostattractivefaceforashort-termadj.短期的relationship,Penton-Voaksays.The26womenaskedtochooseanattractivefaceforalong-termrelationship長期關系,however,preferredthemorefemininefeaturesthroughouttheirmenstrualcycle.5.Another22womenwhowereusingoralcontraceptives[藥]口服避孕藥didnotshowmonthlychangesinthefacestheypreferredevenfor

雖然對于short-termrelationships,indicatingthat表明,正在翻譯,成果表明(indicatevt.表明；指出；預示；象征)hormonesn.[生理]激素，荷爾蒙mightplayarolein在……起作用determiningvt.決定，確定；鑒定，判決；限定attractivenessn.吸引力；困惑力,Penton-Voaksays.6.Menwhosefaceshavesomefemininesoftnessn.溫柔；柔和areperceivedas“kinder’menwhomaymakebetterhusbandsandpartners,headds,whitemachoadj.大男子氣概的n.強健男子；大丈夫featuresmaybeassociatedwith和…聯絡在一起；與……有關，與……有關系highertestosterone(睪丸素)levelsandgoodgenes.Hecautionsn.小心，謹慎；警告，警示vt.警告,however,thatresearchhasn’tyetshownalinkbetweenawoman’spreferencesinsuchtestsandheractualbehavior實際行為.71.Theresearchersmadeastudyon_____________________.A.women’smenstrualcycleB.men’spreferredfemaleimagesC.women’svisualpreferencesofmenD.men’smasculineandfemininefeatures72.Womenaredrawntoamasculineface,accordingtotheresearchers,whenthey___________.A.growtobefeminineB.areonoralcontraceptives[藥]口服避孕藥C.arereadyforconceptionn.懷孕；概念；設想；開始D.areonmenstruationn.[生理]月經；月經期間；有月經73.ItwasfoundinBritainthatwomen’spreferredmaleimageswereinfluencedby受…的影響___________.A.theirfamilyplanningB.theyearsofmarriagetheyhadC.thelengthoftheirmenstrualcycle[生理]月經周期D.thetermorrelationshiptheyseek74.Justbecausethestudiesoffemalepreferencesshowchangesacrossthemenstrualcycle,asPenton-Voakimplies,doesnotmeanthat__________________.A.visualpreferencesdoexistvi.存在；生存；生活；繼續存在B.awomanactsthiswayisrealityn.現實；實際；真實C.amanwillbuyintothephenomenonn.現象；奇跡；杰出的人才D.menandwomenprefervt.更喜歡；寧愿；提出；提高thesameimage75.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Doesawomanjudgefromaman’sappearance?B.Istheresuchathingasbeautyintheworld?C.Arewomenmoreemotionalthanmen?D.Isbeautymorethanmeetstheeye?PassageFour1.Well-dotheyordon’tthey?Foryears,controversyn.爭論；論戰；辯論hasragedn.憤怒；狂暴，肆虐；情緒激動vi.大怒，發火；流行，風行overwhethertheelectromagneticfields電磁場producedbypowerlines電力線;輸電線couldcausecancer,especiallyleukemia

白血病inyoungchildren.ButinBritainlastweek,confusionn.混淆，混亂；困惑reachednewheights到達新的高度.2.OneteamfromBristolannouncedthatithasevidencetobackn.背面vt.支持；後退；背書；下賭注acontroversialadj.有爭議的；有爭論的butplausibleadj.貌似可信的，花言巧語的；貌似真實的，貌似有理的theoryn.理論；原理；學說；推測whichwouldexplainhowpowerlinesmightcausecancer(Electricfieldsattractairbornepollutants).OnlytobefollowedbythereleaseofresultsbyanothergroupinLondonwhichsuggestedthereisnothingtoworryaboutwhatisgoingon?.3.Actually,theconfusionmaybemoreapparentadj.顯然的；表面上的thanreal.Therecanbenodoubtthattheeffectsofpowerlinesonwaterdroplets水滴；微水滴，小水滴,pollutantsandnaturallyoccurringradonuncoveredvt.發現；揭開；揭發bytheBristolteamarerealandinteresting.Buttosuggestthattheyhaveanythingtodowithleukemiainchildrenisprematureadj.早產的；不成熟的；比預期早的n.早產兒；過早發生的事物.Theextraexposuren.暴露；曝光；揭發；陳列topollutionforachildlivingnearpowerlineswouldbetinyadj.微小的；很少的,anditisnotobviousadj.明顯的；明顯的；平淡無奇的whyradon-agasnormallyassociatedwith與…有關系；與…相聯絡lungcancer-wouldcauseleukemiainchildren.4.Thesecondstudy,whichdrewreassuringvt.使…安心，使消除疑慮blank,istheworld’sbiggesteverproben.探針；調查vt.探查；用探針探測ofthestatisticaladj.記錄的；記錄學的linkbetweenchildhoodcancersandmagneticfieldsofthesortproducedbypowerlinesandtheelectricalappliances曰用電器.Itisoneofseveralrecentstudies近代研究thathavefailedtofindalink.Unlikeadj.不一樣的，不相似的earlierresearch,thesenewerstudiesinvolvedvt.包括；牽涉；使陷于；潛心于goingintohomestomeasuretheelectromagneticfields.Thefieldstheymeasuredincludedvt.包括，包括(excludevt.