項目三：識讀與繪制道路工程圖路橋22-3/4工程制圖與識圖0006任務32：識讀公路路線縱斷面圖Project3：ReadingandDrawingRoadEngineeringFigureTask32：Readingroadprofilediagram項目三：識讀與繪制道路工程圖Task31：Readingroadplanefigure任務31識讀公路路線平面圖Task32：Readingroadprofilediagram任務32識讀公路路線縱斷面圖Task33：Readingcrosssectionfigureofroadbed任務33識讀、繪制公路路基橫斷面圖Project3：ReadingandDrawingRoadEngineeringFigureContentsofroadprofilediagram路線縱斷面圖的內容Theroadprofilediagramismainlyusedtoexpressthelongitudinaldesignlineshape,theupsanddownsofthegroundalongthecenterline,thegeologyandthegeneralsituationofthestructuresalongtheroad.路線縱斷面圖主要用以表達道路的縱向設計線形以及沿路線中心線地面的高低起伏狀況、地質和沿線設置構造物的概況等。Thefigurepartoftheroadprofilediagramisobtainedbyexpandingthesectionalongthecenterline.Thefollowinginformationcanbeknownbyreadingthefigurepart:路線縱斷面圖中的圖樣部分是用沿路線中心線展開剖切方法獲得的，閱讀圖樣部分主要了解以下信息:Scale:Thehorizontaldirectionoftheprofileshowsthelengthoftheroute,andtheverticaldirectionshowstheelevationofthedesignlineandtheground.比例：縱斷面圖的水平方向表示路線的長度（前進方向)，豎直方向表示設計線和地面的高程。Task32：ReadingroadprofilediagramContentsofroadprofilediagram路線縱斷面圖的內容Designsurfaceandgroundsurface:thegroundisrepresentedbythethinsolidlineontheprofilediagramtoreflectthegroundfluctuationalongthemiddlelineofthehighway;Thedesignsurfaceisrepresentedbythethicksolidline,whichreflectstheroadfluctuation.Thefillingheightcanbedeterminedbycomparingtherelativepositionofthedesignsurfaceandtheground.設計線和地面線：在縱斷面圖上用細實線表示地面線，反映沿公路中線的地面起伏變化情況;用粗實線表示設計線，反映了公路路線的起伏變化情況，設計線上各點的標高通常是指路基邊緣的設計高程。比較設計線與地面線的相對位置，可決定填挖高度。Benchmark:controlpointformeasuringelevationalongtheline水準點：沿線設置的測量高程控制點。Task32：ReadingroadprofilediagramContentsofroadprofilediagram路線縱斷面圖的內容Verticalcurve:theslopepointofthedesignlineisprovidedwithanarcverticalcurvetofacilitatethesmoothrunningofvehicles,concave,convextwokindsofcurves.豎曲線：在設計線的邊坡點設呈圓弧豎曲線，便于車輛平穩行駛,分凹、凸兩種曲線。Engineeringstructures:engineeringstructuresalongtheroadshouldbemarkedwithverticalleadlinesaboveorbelowthedesignlinealignedwiththecentralpositionofthestructure,andmarkedthenameofthestructure,specificationandmileagepilenumber.工程構筑物：道路沿線的工程構筑物應在設計線的上方或下方對準構筑物的中心位置用豎直引出線標注，并標注構筑物的名稱、規格和里程樁號。Task32：ReadingroadprofilediagramEffects作用:Presentingtheverticaldesignlines(slope,verticalcurve);表達路線的縱向設計線型（坡度、豎曲線）;Presentingthefluctuationofthegroundatthecenterlineoftheroad.表達路線中心線處地面的高低起伏狀況。

Characteristics圖示特點:Usinganimaginaryplumbplanetocutalongthecenterlineoftheroute,thenunfoldingthedrawing;用假想的鉛垂面沿著路線中心線進行剖切，然后展開繪制;Theverticalscaleis10timeslargerthanthehorizontalscale.縱向比例比橫向比例放大10倍。Task32：ReadingroadprofilediagramScale比例尺Heightscale高程標尺Task32：ReadingroadprofilediagramDesighedsurface設計線ground地面線Excavating挖方Filling填方Task32：ReadingroadprofilediagramThegroundlineisrepresentedbythethinsolidline,whichisanirregularbrokenlinedrawnaccordingtothegroundelevationofeachpilepointonthemiddleline,reflectingthegroundfluctuationchangesalongthemiddlelineofthehighway.Desighedsurface設計線ground地面線Excavating挖方Filling填方Task32：ReadingroadprofilediagramThedesignsurfaceisrepresentedbyathicksolidline,reflectingtheupsanddownsofthehighwayroute.Thefillingheightcanbedeterminedbycomparingtherelativepositionofthedesignlineandthegroundline.任務32識讀公路路線縱斷面圖Desighedsurface設計線ground地面線Excavating挖方Filling填方地面線用細實線表示，是根據中線上各樁點的地面高程而點繪的一條不規則的折線，反映了沿著公路中線的地面起伏變化情況；設計線用粗實線表示，反映了公路路線的起伏變化情況。比較設計線與地面線的相對位置，可決定填挖高度。concavecurve凹曲線gradechangepoint變坡點convexcurve凸曲線concavecurve凹曲線Therearethreeslopechangepointsinthisfigure,amongwhichthepilenumberattherightmostslopechangepointisK6+940.Theelevationoftheslopechangeis141.51m,andthereisaconcaveverticalcurve(R=132000m,T=51.158m,E=0.109m).Task32：Readingroadprofilediagram任務32識讀公路路線縱斷面圖concavecurve凹曲線gradechangepoint變坡點本圖中有三個變坡點，其中最右側變坡點處樁號為K6+940，豎曲線中變坡點的高程為141.51m，設有凹形豎曲線（R=12000m，T=51.158m，E=0.109m)convexcurve凸曲線concavecurve凹曲線culvert涵洞構造物Therearetwoculvertsonthefigure.ThepointofK6+430andK6+683metershaveareinforcedconcretecoverculvertwithaholeof32meters.本圖路線上共有兩處涵洞，K6+430和K6+683米處各設有一座一孔32米的鋼筋混凝土蓋板涵。Task32：ReadingroadprofilediagramBenchmark水準點Task32：ReadingroadprofilediagramExercise:Task32：ReadingroadprofilediagramContentsofdatatable路線縱斷面圖資料表的內容Thedatadatatableoftheroadprofilediagramreflectstheelevation,theamountoffillingandexcavating,thegeologicalconditions,theslopeandthecoordinationbetweenthehorizontalcurveandtheverticalcurveofthelongitudinaldesignatpilenumber.Itisalignedupanddownwiththedrawingforeasyreading.路線縱斷面圖的測設數據表是反映縱向設計在各樁號處的高程、填挖方量、地質條件和坡度以及平曲線與豎曲線的配合關系等，與圖樣上下對齊布置，以便閱讀。Thefollowinginformationcanbeknownbyreadingthedatatable:閱讀資料表部分主要了解以下信息:Geologicalsetting:reflectingthegeologicalconditionsofsectionalongtheroad.地質概況：反映沿線各段的地質情況。Milepostnumber:reflectingthemilepostnumberofalongtheline,fillingthemeasuredmilepostvalue.Pilenumbersarearrangedfromlefttoright.里程樁號：反映沿線各點的樁號，按測量的里程數值填入。樁號從左向右排列，在平曲線特征點的起點、中點、終點和橋涵中心點等處可設置加樁。Task32：ReadingroadprofilediagramContentsofdatatable路線縱斷面圖資料表的內容Elevation:reflectingtheelevationofthedesignsurfaceandthepointsonthegroundline(pilenumber).標高：反映設計線和地面線上各點（樁號）的高程。Fillinganddiggingheight:reflectingtheabsolutevalueofthedifferencebetweenthedesignelevationandthegroundel