2021-2022學年北京市東城區(qū)高二上學期期末考試英語試卷本試卷共8頁，共75分，考試時長90分鐘，考生務必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效，考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。一、完形填空（共10小題；每小題1分，共10分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在等題卡上將該項涂黑。Inarace,athletescompetenotonlywithoneanotherbutagainstthemselves.ForFrankSchutt,hispersonalbestturnedoutnottobeaboutmarkingthefastest___1___butdisplayingthebiggestheart.Atthebeginningofanurbanrunningrace,Frankwasconfidentthathewouldprobablyhavethe___2___toqualifyfortheupcomingstatefinalrace.Meanwhile,anotherrunner,JefferyWhite,aimingtobeathispersonalrecord,continuedto___3___himselfhardafterafaststart.Unexpectedly,withlessthan200meterstogo.Jeffery'slegscrampedup(抽筋)andfailedhim.Buthiswilldidnot.___4___tofinish,Jefferyrosefromthegroundandcontinuedon.Buthe'dmadeitonly25metersmorebeforegoingdown.Jefferydidn'twanttogiveup.Withhiseffort,theyoungrunnerpulledhimselfupandwitha(n)___5___gait(步法),movedforwardforonefinalpush.___6___,beforereachingthefinishline,helayonthegroundagain.Hislegshadgivenout.Atthatmoment,Frankrantohimandofferedahelpinghand.Frank'sfirstattempttogetJefferyupfailed,buthetoorefusedto___7___.Withasecondpull,Jefferywasonhisfeet.ThenwithJefferyholdingFrankfor___8___,thetwocompletedthefinal175meters.Frankeven___9___theinjuredrunnercrossingthefinishlinefirst.Today,theemphasisinathleticsisoftenputonbreakingrecords,soitwasinspiringtoseeforanathletelikeFrank,thevalueoftrue___10___wasstillthere.1.A.team B.way C.growth D.time2.A.passion B.potential C.motivation D.efficiency3.A.train B.prove C.push D.behave4.A.Convinced B.Determined C.Inspired D.Moved5.A.unconfident B.final C.flexible D.unsteady6A.Unfortunately B.Actually C.Apparently D.Gradually7.A.fight B.act C.quit D.rest8A.suggestion B.support C.ability D.comfort9.A.secured B.caught C.observed D.left10.A.friendship B.championship C.sportsmanship D.membership【答案】1.D2.B3.C4.B5.D6.A7.C8.B9.A10.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了跑步運動員JefferyWhite在賽場上兩次摔倒，另一個運動員FrankSchutt經過時伸出援手，幫助了他。作者認為在當今這個競爭激烈的世界，人們通常把重點放在打破紀錄上，看到像FrankSchutt這樣的運動員，真正的體育精神的價值仍然存在，這是令人鼓舞的。【1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對于FrankSchutt來說，他的個人最好成績不是記錄最快的時間，而是展現最偉大的心。A.team隊伍；B.way道路；C.growth成長；D.time時間。根據文章第一句和第二段“Atthebeginningofanurbanrunningrace”可知，FrankSchutt是一位跑步運動員，衡量成績的標準是時間。故選D。【2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在一場城市賽跑的開始，Frank很有信心，他很可能有資格參加即將到來的州決賽。A.passion激情，熱情；B.potential可能性，潛能；C.motivation動力；D.efficiency效率。根據空前“Frankwasconfident”可知，因為Frank很自信，由此可知，他覺得自己有可能參加即將到來的州決賽。故選B。【3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：與此同時，另一名選手JefferyWhite在快速起跑后繼續(xù)努力，希望打破自己的個人紀錄。A.train訓練；B.prove證明；C.push鞭策；D.behave表現。根據前文“aimingtobeathispersonalrecord”可知，因為希望打破自己，所以JefferyWhite努力鞭策自己繼續(xù)努力。故選C。【4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Jeffery決心完成，他從地上站起來，繼續(xù)前進。A.Convinced說服的；B.Determined有決心的；C.Inspired受到啟發(fā)的；D.Moved感動的。根據空后“Jefferyrosefromthegroundandcontinuedon.”可知，因為決心要完成比賽，所以Jeffery從地上站起來，繼續(xù)比賽。故選B。【5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在他的努力下，年輕的跑步者站了起來，步履不穩(wěn)，向前推進了最后一步。A.unconfident不自信的；B.final最后的；C.flexible靈活的；D.unsteady不穩(wěn)定的。由前文“Jeffery'slegscrampedup(抽筋)andfailedhim.”可知，因為Jeffery的腳抽筋，所以他步履不穩(wěn)。故選D。【6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的是，在到達終點線之前，他又躺在了地上。A.Unfortunately不幸的是；B.Actually實際上；C.Apparently明顯地；D.Gradually逐漸地。根據空后“helayonthegroundagain”可知，因為Jeffery又摔倒了，所以這對他來說是不幸的。故選A。【7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Frank第一次把Jeffery拉起來的嘗試失敗了，但他拒絕放棄。A.fight打架；B.act表現；C.quit放棄；D.rest休息。根據“Frank'sfirstattempttogetJefferyupfailed”可知，Frank第一次把Jeffery拉起來的嘗試失敗了，但他拒絕放棄。故選C。【8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后在Jeffery扶著Frank獲得支持，兩人跑完了最后175米。A.suggestion建議；B.support支持；C.ability能力；D.comfort安慰。根據后文“thetwocompletedthefinal175meters.”可知，在Frank的支持下，兩人跑完了最后175米。故選B。【9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Frank甚至幫助受傷的賽跑者安全地第一個沖過終點線。A.secured使安全；B.caught抓住；C.observed觀察；D.left離開。根據后文“theinjuredrunner”可知，因為是受傷的賽跑者，所以此處指確保其安全地沖過終點線。故選A。【10題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：今天，田徑運動的重點往往是打破紀錄，所以看到像Frank這樣的運動員，真正的體育精神的價值仍然存在，是令人鼓舞的。A.friendship友誼；B.championship錦標賽；C.sportsmanship體育精神；D.membership會員資格。根據前文Frank幫助Jeffery一起沖刺跑完最后175米可知，他們兩人體現出了真正的體育精神所在，令人鼓舞。故選C。二、語法填空（共9小廈；每小量1分，共9分）A閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空，在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。GiantPandaNationalPark,___11___islocatedinCentralChina,stretchesacrossSichuan,Ningxia,andShaanxiprovinces.Thenationalparkisindevelopmentandwillinclude67existingpandareserves.ThegiantpandaisthesymbolofChinaandoneofthemost___12___(adore)creaturesacrosstheglobe.Thisnationalparkfeaturesapopulationof1,864giantpandasandaccountsfor80%oftheChinesegiantpandapopulation.Apart___13___thesmallnumberofpandaslocatedinzoosaroundtheworld,allothergiantpandasarefoundwithinChina.【答案】11.which12.adorable13.from【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了大熊貓國家公園。【11題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：大熊貓國家公園位于中國中部，橫跨四川、寧夏和陜西省。分析句子結構可知，空處需用關系詞引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞是GiantPandaNationalPark，指物，關系詞在定語從句中作主語，所以空處需用關系代詞which引導定語從句。that不能引導非限制性定語從句。故填which。【12題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：大熊貓是中國的象征，也是世界上最可愛的動物之一。oneof+形容詞最高級+可數名詞復數，表示“最……之一”，adore的形容詞為adorable“可愛的”。故填adorable。【13題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：除了為數不多的大熊貓在世界各地的動物園里，其他的大熊貓都在中國境內。apartfrom…除了……，固定短語，符合題意。故填from。B閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空，在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。Bodylanguageisatypeofnonverbalcommunicationinwhichphysicalbehaviorsareusedtoexpresstheinformation.Theinterpretationsmayvaryfromcountrytocountry,orculturetoculture.___14___（learn）howtoreadbodylanguageisnecessaryforyoubecauseit___15___（reveal）whatapersonisreallyfeelingorthinking.Forinstance,peopleoftenblink(眨眼)morerapidlywhentheyarefeeling___16___（depress）oruncomfortable.Whenthemouthisslightlyturnedup,itmightmeanthatthepersonisfeelinghappyoroptimistic.【答案】14.Learning15.reveals16.depressed【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了肢體語言的重要性。【14題詳解】考查動名詞。句意：學習如何讀懂肢體語言對你來說是必要的，因為它能揭示一個人真正的感受或想法。分析句子結構可知，空處需用非謂語動詞作主語；結合句意可知，空處需用動名詞作主語，表示狀態(tài)，句首單詞首字母需大寫。故填Learning。【15題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：同上。結合句意和空前后動詞is可知，空處謂語動詞需用一般現在時態(tài)，it作主語，謂語動詞需用單數。故填reveals。16題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：例如，當人們感到沮喪或不舒服時，通常眨眼更快。分析句子結構可知，空處需用形容詞作表語，主語是they，指人，所以空處需用ed形容詞作表語。故填depressed。C閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空，在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。Toprovideconvenienceandspeed,robotsareusedtomakecoffeeinairportstogivecustomersanopportunitytoplaceorders___17___(remote)—viaanapp.Passengersonlyneedtoselectadrinkfromthescreenmenuonanautomaticdeviceandcustomize(定制)ittoindividual___18___(prefer).Thiskindofoperationiseasytoaccomplishfromanyspot—e.g.,whileyouarestillatthearrivalgateorattheentrance.Anditisbelieved___19___employingasmartmachineinsteadofahumanhasmanybenefits.【答案】17.remotely18.preference19.that【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了智能機器給人們帶來便捷之處。【17題詳解】考查副詞。句意：為了提供便利和速度，機器人被用來在機場煮咖啡，讓顧客有機會通過應用程序遠程下單。修飾動詞place，用副詞形式作狀語。故填remotely。【18題詳解】考查名詞。句意：乘客只需要從自動裝置的屏幕菜單中選擇一杯飲料，然后根據個人喜好定制。形容詞individual后接名詞形式。故填preference。【19題詳解】考查名詞性從句。句意：人們認為，使用智能機器代替人類有很多好處。itisbelievedthat...人們相信……，it作形式主語，真正的主語為that引導的主語從句。故填that。三、閱讀理解（共三節(jié)，37分）第一節(jié)（共9小題；每小題2分，共18分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AIn2020,OliverWallace’sparentsenteredhiminanationalspeechcontest.ThecontestwasheldbyThinkKindness.It’sanorganizationthataimstoinspireactsofkindnessinschoolsandcommunities.Oliverwroteaspeechandrecordedavideoforthecontest.Inhisspeech.Oliverfocusedontheideathatkindnessiseasy.“Itcanbefreeanditcanmakesomeone'sdayawholelotbetter,”hesaid.Afterwinningthecontest.Oliverputhisspeechintoaction.HecreatedtheRacetoKindnessaseriesofeventsspreadingkindnessaroundtheworld.Forhisefforts,thefifth-graderwasawardedoneofAmerica’stop2021youthvolunteers.OneofhiseventsiscalledtheRaceto500Toys.Beinginthehospitalisdifficultforkids.SoOliverstartedthetoydriveforchildreninahospitalnearhishome.“IknewthatIcouldhelp,”saidOliver,“andthatmademewantto.”Withhisprizemoneyfromthecontestandthesupportfromcommunity,Oliverwasabletodonate619toystothelocalchildren'shospital.NowOliverisbusywithhisnewproject,theRaceto100,000Meals.“Iwasseeingsomanypeoplethatdidn'thaveaccesstofood,”hesaid.“Ortheywerewaitinginlonglinestogetsmallmeals.”Sofar,theeventhascollectedmorethan100,000mealsforfamiliesinTexas.Organizingadonationdriveisonewaytopracticekindness.Butsmall,well-thought-outactsarejustasimportant.“Itcanstartoffwithapositivethoughtorbeingkindtosomeone,”saidOliver.Hisspeechofferedsuggestions.Theyincludedleavinganicenoteforaneighbororaskingyourparentshowyoucanhelpthemathome.“Ifyoutreatsomeonewithalittlekindness,”O(jiān)liversaid,“itcanmakeyoufeelbetterknowingthatsomeoneelsefeelsbetter.”20.WhydidOliverstarttheRacetoKindness?A.Toadvocatekindactions B.Toparticipateinacontest.C.Toservevoluntaryorganizations. D.ToraisemoneyforThinkKindness.21.Withtheprizemoneyhegotfromthespeechcontest,Oliver___________.A.madevideosforthecontest B.donatedmealsforpoorfamiliesC.awardedprizestoyoungvolunteers D.boughttoysforthechildreninhospital22.WhatcanwelearnfromOliver’sstory?A.Practicemakesperfect. B.Thinktwicebeforeacting.C.Failureisthemotherofsuccess. D.Onesmallactcanmakeadifference.【答案】20.A21.D22.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了五年級學生奧利弗為傳播善良，組織多場募捐活動。【20題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第二段“HecreatedtheRacetoKindness,aseriesofeventsspreadingkindnessaroundtheworld.(他創(chuàng)立了善行競賽，這是一系列在世界各地傳播善良的活動。)”可知，奧利弗要開始慈善競賽是為了倡導善良的行為。故選A。【21題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第三段“Withhisprizemoneyfromthecontestandthesupportfromcommunity,Oliverwasabletodonate619toystothelocalchildren’shospital.(在比賽的獎金和社區(qū)的支持下，奧利弗向當地兒童醫(yī)院捐贈了619件玩具。)”可知，用演講比賽的獎金，奧利弗給醫(yī)院里的孩子們買了玩具。故選D。【22題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第五段“Butsmall,well-thought-outactsarejustasimportant.(但小的、經過深思熟慮的行動也同樣重要。)”及全文可推斷，我們能從奧利弗的故事中學到：一個小小的舉動就能帶來巨大影響。故選D。BEstablishedin1995,YouthFarmhasdevelopedfromagardenprogramintoayouthdevelopmentorganization.Weengagehundredsofyouthinleadershipdevelopmentform.OurMissionandGoals

Wefarmtogrowfood.Fromstrawberriestocarrots,ouryouthseed,plant,grow,andharvestourfoodandbringittoourcommunities'forks

Wefarmtogrowcommunity.Weliveandworkindiverseneighborhoods.Theseneighborhoodsareamazing,butalsofacenumerouschallengesrelatedtofoodaccessandqualityyouthdevelopmentprogramming.Youthfarmdoesthebesttomeetthechallenges.

Wefarmtogrowleaders.AtYouthFarm,assistingyouthintheirdevelopmentasleadersisthemostimportantpartofourwork.Weworktoengageyoungpeopleasproblemsolverstoavarietyofissues,fromfoodaccesstoqualityeducation.Wearenotgrowingthenextgenerationoffarmers,butyouthleaderswhowillbecomeamazingteachers,scientists,communityorganizers,politiciansandsomuchmore.OurProgramsGrowingSeasonProgrammingThegrowingseasonisabusytimeforus.Ouryouthtakeonanactiveroleinplantingandmonitoringgardenspacesthroughouttheentireseason.Youtharealsoinvolvedinvolunteerfarmworkdays.SchoolYearProgrammingDuringtheschoolyear,youthattendfarmclasses,cookingclasses,andgardeningclasses.Schoolyearprogramsandcommunityinvolvementopportunitiesthroughfood-basedactivitiesarekeyelementstoYouthFarm’ssuccess.CommunityEventsWealsoinvolveouryouthincommunityeventssuchasfairs,markets,andcommunitymeals.Whenparticipatinginevents,youthareofferedrealworldplanningandengagementopportunities.Theywillbeintroducedtothecommunityasleadersinthelocalfoodmovement.Formoreinformation,pleasevisithusp://youthfarm./23.OneofYouthFarm’saimsisto____________.A.trainprofessionalfarmers B.createnewfoodprogramsC.developyouth’sleadership D.protectcommunity’senvironment24.AtYouthFarm,participantscan____________.A.assistfarmmanagers B.teachincookingclassesC.joinincommunityactivities D.designgardensfortheschool25.WhatisthemainpurposeofthepassageA.Toadvertisenewfarmproducts. B.TointroduceanorganizationC.Tospreadagriculturalknowledge. D.Toinspireyouthtoservethecommunity.【答案】23.C24.C25.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了青年農場的使命和目標，以及其項目。【23題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章

Wefarmtogrowleaders.中的“AtYouthFarm,assistingyouthintheirdevelopmentasleadersisthemostimportantpartofourwork.(在青年農場，幫助青年成長為領導者是我們工作的重中之重)”可知，青年農場的目標之一是培養(yǎng)青年的領導能力。故選C。【24題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章CommunityEvents中的“Wealsoinvolveouryouthincommunityeventssuchasfairs,markets,andcommunitymeals.Whenparticipatinginevents,youthareofferedrealworldplanningandengagementopportunities.(我們還讓青少年參與社區(qū)活動，比如集市、市場和社區(qū)餐飲。在參與活動時，青年可以獲得真實世界的規(guī)劃和參與機會)”可知，在青年農場，參加者可以參加社區(qū)活動。故選C。【25題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第一段“Establishedin1995,YouthFarmhasdevelopedfromagardenprogramintoayouthdevelopmentorganization.(青年農場成立于1995年，從一個園藝項目發(fā)展成為一個青年發(fā)展組織)”及全文可推斷，本篇文章的主要目的是介紹青年農場這樣一個組織。故選B。CThecapabilitiesandarrivalofvirtualrealityheadsetshavebecomemainstreamandavailabletomostpeople.Virtualrealityhasnowbecomeanextremelyusefultoolforeducation,careers,andjustforfun.VRhashelpedmakeimprovementintheprofessionsthatputpeopleindanger.Forexample,itenablesfirefighterstolearnandexperiencethingsthattheywouldonlyhavelearnediftheywereactuallyinarealfiresituation.VRallowspeoplelikefirefightersandevendoctorstoparticipateinasimilarenvironmentthattheywouldbeworkinginandmakemistakes.Byallowingthemtomakemistakeswithoutseriousconsequencesandlearnfromthosemistakes,atraineecanmorequicklycatchupintheirfield.ManyschoolshavealsostartedtouseVRtohelpyoungkidswiththeirlearning.Forexample,forlanguagelearners,thepracticeisveryhelpfulintheprocessoflearning.WithVR.studentswhoarelearningChinesecanvisithistoricallocationslikePingyaoorQufuinavirtualworldandheimmersedinChineseculture.Theywouldquicklypickupthelanguage.Andtheywillbemorelikelytorememberandmakeaconnectionwithwhattheylearnedbyvisitingtheplacesasopposedtojustsimplyreadingaboutthoseplacesintextbook.NotonlydoesVRhelppeopletrainandpracticeforprofessionalcareersbutitcanalsohelppeoplepsychologically.Forinstance,ifsomeonefeelsveryuncomfortableoranxiouswhentheyareinsmallorenclosedplaces,VRcanputtheminasimilarsituationandslowlygetthepersonusedtobeinginsuchanenvironment.Orinsteadofpracticinginfrontofyourmominthekitchen,youcaninsteadpracticeinanenvironmentmadetolooklikeanofficeandtalktoeitherarealpersonthatisn’tyourmomoranAlthat’sprogrammedtoaskyouinterviewquestions.AlthoughmanypeopleuseVRmostlyforfunlikevideogames.Ithinkbusinesses,schools,andmedicalpracticesshouldmakeuseofVRintheirestablishments.Thisisbecausethebenefitsofbeingimmersedinanenvironmentandbeingabletomakemistakes,makememorablelearningconnections,andhelpingpeopleconquertheiranxietiescangoalongwayinhelpingsocietybecomebetterasawhole.26.WithVR,firefighterscan____________.A.practiceinrealsituations B.drawlessonsfromfailureC.receiveprofessionaladvice D.improveworkingenvironment27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“immersed”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Completelyinvolved B.Deeplyattracted C.Greatlyinspired. D.Totallyadjusted.28.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Thefutureofvirtualreality B.Thebenefitsofvirtualreality.C.Thepopularityofvirtualreality. D.Thedevelopmentofvirtualreality.【答案】26.B27.A28.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了虛擬現實技術的好處。【26題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第二段“VRallowspeoplelikefirefightersandevendoctorstoparticipateinasimilarenvironmentthattheywouldbeworkinginandmakemistakes.Byallowingthemtomakemistakeswithoutseriousconsequencesandlearnfromthosemistakes,atraineecanmorequicklycatchupintheirfield.(虛擬現實可以讓消防員甚至醫(yī)生等人參與到一個類似的環(huán)境中，他們會在這個環(huán)境中工作并犯錯。通過允許消防員在沒有嚴重后果的情況下犯錯誤，并從錯誤中吸取教訓，他們可以更快地在自己的領域取得進步)”可知，有了虛擬現實，消防員可以從失敗中吸取教訓。故選B。【27題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據文章第三段劃線詞前半句“WithVR.studentswhoarelearningChinesecanvisithistoricallocationslikePingyaoorQufuinavirtualworld(學習漢語的學生可以在虛擬世界里參觀平遙、曲阜等歷史景點)”可知，學習漢語的學生可以通過虛擬現實讓自己參與到中國文化中。所以immersed為“沉浸、參與”之意。故選A。【28題詳解】主旨大意題。根據文章最后一段“Thisisbecausethebenefitsofbeingimmersedinanenvironmentandbeingabletomakemistakes,makememorablelearningconnections,andhelpingpeopleconquertheiranxietiescangoalongwayinhelpingsocietybecomebetterasawhole.(這是因為沉浸在一個環(huán)境中，能夠犯錯誤，建立難忘的學習聯(lián)系，幫助人們克服焦慮，這些好處可以幫助整個社會變得更好)”及全文可知，文章主要介紹了虛擬現實技術的好處。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據短文內容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填人空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Watchingwildlifesafelyistheresponsibilityofallparkvisitors.Whenyouvisitsomenationalparks,youareenteringanimals'habitat.___29___Ifnot,wildlifemayfacethefollowingseriousriskswhenyougetcloseenoughtointeractwiththem:ConsequencesofPhysicalContactwithPeopleSomeanimals,frombisontobirds.mayberejectedbytheirparentsiftheyhavecontactwithhumans.___30___Inaddition,wildlifecangetinjuredwhentheytrytoescapepeoplewhohavegottentooclose,especiallyiftheyarenearhumanstructuresorroads.FatalDiseasesfromPeopleandPetsOurdomesticpetscanalsoposerealdangerstothewildlifewithinparks.Bothpetsandpeoplemayhavediseasesthattheycangivetowildlife.Sadly,therearemanyexamplesofwildlifeinparksdyingfromdiseasesgiventothembypetsandhumans.Forexample,heartwormfromcatscankillwildlifesuchasfoxes,coyotes,bobcats,andmountainlions.Black-footedferretsdiefromthefluifhumansaresickandgettooclose.___31___Sokeepingyourpetsvaccinatedcankeepthemandwildlifesafe.DangersofEatingHumanFoodand/orTrash（垃圾）Whenvisitorsintentionallyorunintentionallyfeedwildlife,ithasnegativeeffectsonthewildlife.Someofthedangerstowildlifeincludeshorterlives.Thebestwayforwildlifetohaveahealthydietandlivehealthylivesistosearchforfoodastheywouldnaturally.Relyingonhumanfoodortrashleftoutputswildlifeatrisk.___32___Animalsbecomingusedtoandattractedtohumanfoodwillactivelyseekouthumanfood.Thisintheworstcasescanmakethemdangerous.Groundsquirrelscanbite,deerhavesharpantlers（鹿角）,andbearscangetintocarsortentsinsearchoffood.___33___Itmeanstheymaybekilledbyparkmanagersforsafetyreasons.It'simportanttounderstandhowyouractionsmayaffectthewildlifeinparks.Whenyourespectwildlife,youhelpprotectparkanimalsandyourself.A.Theseanimalsmustberemoved.B.Youneedtobehavelikeapoliteguest.C.Wolvescanbeinfectedbyvirusfromdogs.D.Soit'sbesttoresisttheurgetopetandholdthem.E.Actually,someofthemmaybehaveinastrangeway.F.Observingwildlifeintheirnativehabitatcanbeaneducationalandfunexperience.G.Learningtoeathumanfoodcanalsochangethewaythatwildlifeinteractwithpeople.【答案】29.B30.D31.C32.G33.E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了在與野生動物近距離接觸時，它們可能會面臨的幾種嚴重的風險。【29題詳解】根據后文“Ifnot,wildlifemayfacethefollowingseriousriskswhenyougetcloseenoughtointeractwiththem（如果不這樣做，當你與野生動物近距離接觸時，它們可能會面臨以下嚴重的風險）”可知，這里指的是面對動物行為舉止要合理守規(guī)則。B選項“Youneedtobehavelikeapoliteguest.（你要表現得像個有禮貌的客人。）”符合題意，故選B。【30題詳解】根據后文“Inaddition,wildlifecangetinjuredwhentheytrytoescapepeoplewhohavegottentooclose（此外，當野生動物試圖逃離離它們太近的人時，它們可能會受傷）”可知，本段介紹的是動物與人類接觸會發(fā)生的嚴重后果，所以我們要適時遠離它們。D選項“Soit'sbesttoresisttheurgetopetandholdthem.（所以最好克制住想要撫摸和抱它們的沖動。）”符合題意，故選D。【31題詳解】根據后文“Sokeepingyourpetsvaccinatedcankeepthemandwildlifesafe.（所以讓你的寵物接種疫苗可以保護它們和野生動物的安全。）”可知，接種過疫苗的寵物可以避免野生動物受到病毒感染。C選項“Wolvescanbeinfectedbyvirusfromdogs.（狼可能被狗的病毒感染。）”符合題意，故選C。【32題詳解】根據后文“Animalsbecomingusedtoandattractedtohumanfoodwillactivelyseekouthumanfood.（動物逐漸習慣并被人類的食物所吸引，就會積極地尋找人類的食物。）”可知，本段主要介紹的是野生動物吃人類食物后的改變。G選項“Learningtoeathumanfoodcanalsochangethewaythatwildlifeinteractwithpeople.（學習吃人的食物也可以改變野生動物與人互動的方式。）”符合題意，故選G。【33題詳解】根據前文“Groundsquirrelscanbite,deerhavesharpantlers（鹿角）,andbearscangetintocarsortentsinsearchoffood（松鼠會咬人，鹿有鋒利的鹿角，熊會鉆進汽車或帳篷尋找食物）”以及后文人們對此采取的行動“Itmeanstheymaybekilledbyparkmanagersforsafetyreasons.（這意味著它們可能會因為安全原因被公園管理員殺死。）”可知，這些野生動物因為尋找人類的食物而有奇怪的表現會影響到人們的安全。E選項“Actually,someofthemmaybehaveinastrangeway.（事實上，它們中的一些可能會表現得很奇怪。）”符合題意，故選E。第三節(jié)（共4小題；第34、35、36題每小題2分，第37題3分，共9分）閱讀下面短文并回答問題。WhenAudreyKelly,afifth-yearPhDstudent,isn'tdoingexperiment,shelovesmakingbread.Shesometimesfeelsashamedaboutthat.“Ifyouarenotworkingyourselftotheboneandcryingyourselftosleepeverynight."sheasks,"areyouworkinghardenough?"ButevidencesuggeststhathobbiessuchasKelly'ssatisfymorethanjustthestomach.Researchhaslinkedparticipationinleisureactivitiestomanymeasuresofphysicalandmentalwell-being,fromreducedbloodpressuretoasenseofbelonging.Weneedtoseehobbiesandworkaswin-wingames.Carvingoutfreetimecanbechallenging,buttherearestrategiesforsuccess.JingmeiLi,acancerresearcherfromSingapore,usesmostofherholidaytimefordrivingtrips.JenniferHertzberg,apsychologistattheUniversityofCalifornia,triestokeeptheweekendsfreeforherhobby,buildingLegos.Manyscientistslikethemhavefoundthathobbiesofferthemabreakfromthestressofdoingscience.Everyone—includingscientists—cangetstuckinwaysofthinkingthatpreventthemfromfindingasolutiontoaproblem,nomatterhowhardtheywork.Evidencesuggeststhattakingabreakordoingsomethingdifferentcanhelpimproveproblem-solving,byrevealinganewapproachoranoverlookeddetail.Andwhenscientistsarestuckatwork,hobbiescanprovideasenseofaccomplishment.JenniferthinkswhatshelikesmostaboutLegoblocksisthatshecancompletetheminarelativelyshortamountoftimewhileshelaboursonlong-termscientificprojects.Pastimesalsoleadtoinspiration.WhenastronomersfirstcaughtaglimpseoftheMoonthroughatelescope,Galileoquicklyrealizedthattheshadowsonitsfaceindicatedthatitssurfacewasroughandmountainous-notsmooth.That'sbecauseGalileolikedpainting.andhadlearnthowtorepresent3Dobjectsonaflatcanvas（畫布）.Duetothebenefitsofhobbies,theyshouldbevaluedinthecultureofscience.Successinscienceandhavingalifedon'tconflict.Scientists'contributiondependsmoreonthequality—notthequantity—oftheirwork.Andreally,thatisawayoflivingthatisfocusedoncreativityandinnovationandnotonjustproducingmore.34.WhatmakesAudreyKellyfeelashamed?35.WhydoesJenniferlikebuildingLegos?36.WhydoestheauthormentionGalileo'sstoryinParagraph5?37.Doyouthinkthathobbiesbenefityourstudy?Whyorwhyno!?（Inabout40words）【答案】34.Thatshefeltshewasn’tworkinghardenough.35.Torelievestressatwork36.Toprovethatpastimesalsoleadtoinspiration.37.Ithinkhobbiesbenefitmystudy.BecauseoneofthebiggestbenefitsformeinpursuinghobbiesisthattheygivethemindarestfrommystudyandIwillstudymoreefficiently.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了有規(guī)律的消遣可以緩解精神壓力，改善工作與生活的平衡，并幫助科學家在他們的工作中找到創(chuàng)新的解決方案。【34題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段““Ifyouarenotworkingyourselftotheboneandcryingyourselftosleepeverynight."sheasks,"areyouworkinghardenough?"(她有時為此感到羞愧。她問道：“如果你沒有每天晚上哭著入眠，那你工作夠努力了嗎?”)”可知，奧黛麗·凱利感到羞愧，因為她覺得自己工作不夠努力。故答案為Thatshefeltshewasn’tworkinghardenough.【35題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段“Manyscientistslikethemhavefoundthathobbiesofferthemabreakfromthestressofdoingscience.(許多像他們一樣的科學家發(fā)現，業(yè)余愛好可以讓他們從做科學的壓力中解脫出來。)”可知，詹妮弗喜歡做樂高積木是為了緩解工作上的壓力。故答案為Torelievestressatwork【36題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第五段“Pastimesalsoleadtoinspiration.(消遣也能帶來靈感。)”可知，作者在第5段提到伽利略的故事是為了證明消遣也能帶來靈感。故答案為Toprovethatpastimesalsoleadtoinspiration.【37題詳解】開放題。本題為開放題，考生言之有理即可。參考答案為BecauseoneofthebiggestbenefitsformeinpursuinghobbiesisthattheygivethemindarestfrommystudyandIwillstudymoreefficiently.四、翻譯句子（共6小題；每小題1.5分，共9分）請使用括號中所給的單詞或詞組的適當形式，將下面的句子翻譯成英文，并將答案書寫在答題卡相應位置。38.他堅持要去拜訪他的教授。（insiston）（漢譯英）【答案】Heinsistedonvisitinghisprofessor.【解析】【詳解】考查短語和時態(tài)。insistondoingsth.堅持做某事。陳述過去事情，用一般過去時。根據句意，故翻譯為Heinsistedonvisitinghisprofessor.39.和他們保持聯(lián)系對你來說很重要。（keepintouchwith）（漢譯英）【答案】It’simportantforyoutokeepintouchwiththem.【解析】【詳解】考查短語和非謂語動詞。keepintouchwith保持聯(lián)系。It’s+形容詞+forsb.todosth.做某事對某人來說……，it作形式主語，真正的主語為不定式。陳述客觀事實，用一般現在時。根據句意，故翻譯為It’simportantforyoutokeepintouchwiththem.40.明天這個時候，我們正在公園里騎自行車。（cycle）（漢譯英）【答案】Atthistimetomorrow,wewillbecyclinginthepark.【解析】【詳解】考查短語和時態(tài)。atthistime在這時候；inthepark在公園里。根據時間狀語Atthistimetomorrow可知，用將來進行時。根據句意，故翻譯為Atthistimetomorrow,wewillbecyclinginthepark.41.他建議明年雇用更多的工人。（suggest；employ）（漢譯英）【答案】Hesuggestedemployingmoreworkersnextyear.【解析】【詳解】考查短語和時態(tài)。suggestdoingsth.建議做某事。nextyear明年，根據陳述過去事情，用一般過去時。根據句意，故翻譯為Hesuggestedemployingmoreworkersnextyear.42.他們是如何克服這個問題的還不得而知。（overcome；unknown）（漢譯英）【答案】Howtheyovercamet