廣東省惠州仲愷中學等五校2024-2025學年高一下學期4月聯考英語試題一、閱讀理解（本大題共5小題）Indiaisanancientcivilizationwithrichculturalheritage,anditsculturalheritagehassomethingtodowithallmajorreligions(宗教)oftheworld.HerewetakealookatsomeofthetopheritagedestinationsinIndia.SunTemple,KonarkAsthenamesuggests,thistempleisallaboutthepowerofthesunGod.Ahugechariot(二輪戰車)drawnbysevenhorsesandtwelvepairsofwheelsshowtheimportancewhichancientpeopleplacedonthepowerofthesun.Thepicturesofanimalsandhumansgivethisplaceaspeciallook.ChurchesGoaGoaistheonlyIndianstatewhichwascontrolledbythePortuguese(葡萄牙人),sothesceneinGoaisdottedwith(點綴著)Portuguesestylechurches.SomeofthefamouschurchesincludethechurchofSaintCatherine,churchofSaintAugustineandchurchofsaintFrancisofAssisi.Thesechurchesshowbeautifulpaintingsandflowerdesignswhichmakethemamustvisit.AjantaandElloraCavesThesecavescontainwelldesignedpaintingswhicharewidelyregardedasthemostoutstandingworksofreligiousart.TajMahal,AgraBuiltonthebankoftheYamunaRiver,itisanexcellentbuilding.Thewritingandpaintingsontheoutsidestructureprovidethefinestexamplesoftheoutstandingstyleofbuildings.SanchiSanchiisaUNESCOworldheritagesitewithnumerousBuddhisttemplesdatingbacktotheseventhandeighthcenturies.OnyourvisittoIndia,besuretovisitsomeoftheseheritagedestinations.AnIndianjourneyisnotwonderfulwithoutexperiencingthebeautyoftheseheritagedestinations.1．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Indianculturalheritagehassomethingtodowithreligions.B．ThePortuguesecontrolledthewholeIndiatwocenturiesago.C．ElloraCavesonlyhavestatuesofanimals.D．ThechurchofSaintCatherineistheearliestoneintheworld.2．WhatwasthoughtimportantbytheancientIndians?A．Animalsandfood. B．Ancientcivilization.C．Ancienttemples. D．Thesun’spower.3．IfyouwanttoknowsomethingaboutBuddhistmonumentyoucanvisit_______A．SunTemple,Konark. B．ChuchesGoa.C．AjantaandElloraCaves. D．Sanchi.Irememberthatitwasafallmorningwhentheorchestra(管弦樂隊)teacherscameintoMissNewell’sthird-gradeclassroom.“Youhavehandsfortheviola(中提琴),”MissCianotoldme.Iwasexcitedbecausemyhandswerefinallygoodforsomething.ItoldmyparentsIwantedtoplay,andnaturally,theyagreed.SinceIfirsttouchedtheviola,Ihaven’tbeenabletoputitdown.Ignoringthedifficulty,Iampulledclosertoiteachday.Classicalmusicistrulymybestfriend.Itisthetrustedfriendofeveryman,womanandchild.Variousfeelingsareexpressedinclassicalmusic.IdiscoveredthatwhenIwaselevenandplayedacelloconcerto(大提琴協奏曲)ofBachinacompetition,thefirstmovementwasjoyful,butthesecondmovementwasmysteriousandfullofpain.Fromthepiece,Ilearnedthatmusicexpressesnotonlyfeelings,butalsosuddenmoodchanges.Bylisteningtoclassicalmusic,Iknowthatsomeoneelsesharesthesefeelings.SinceIamluckyenoughtobeabletoplayclassicalmusic,IamcomfortedbyitwhenIamupset.Itgivesmeawaytoescapefrommyproblemsforashortperiod.Classicalmusiccanexpressmyjoy,sadnessandanger.NowlookbackatthatfalldayinthethirdgradeandthinkhowgullibleIwasforbelievingthatanyone,evenmusicteachers,couldtellwhetherhandswereperfectforacertaininstrument.I’mcertaintheytoldmeIhad“violahands”notbecausetheywerefortune-tellers,butbecausetherewasalackofviolistsinourdistrict.Classicalmusicisoneofthebestthingsthateverhappenedtomankind.Ifyougetintroducedtoitintherightway,itwillbecomeyourfriendforlife.4．What’sthemaincauseoftheauthor’sinterestinplayingtheviola?A．Interestingmusicalclasses. B．Beautifulviolasound.C．Teachers’properguidance. D．Parents’strongsupport.5．Accordingtothepassage,inwhatwaydoesclassicalmusichelptheauthor?A．Bydevelopingsocialskills. B．Bygivingemotionalcomfort.C．Bybroadeninglifeexperience. D．Bybuildingcloserelationship.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gullible”meaninthelastparagraph?A．Easilytricked. B．Firmlyloved. C．Greatlychallenged. D．Secretlyhidden.7．Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．SpecialEvent,SweetMemory. B．ClassicalMusic,EndlessFriendship.C．LifetimeDream,Greateffort. D．HappyChildhood,UnforgottenExperience.WhenyouthinkofatypicalAmerican,whodoyoupicture?AprettyblondwhiteAmericanlikeTaylorSwiftorahandsomeblackAmericanlikebasketballstarMichaelJordan?Infact,therewasatimewhentheaverageAmericanlookedlikeneitherofthesepeople.Backintheyear1500,theaverageAmericanwasabrown-skinnedhunter-gathererwhoprobablyrodeahorseandworeclothingmadefromanimalskins.Today,theancestorsofthesepeoplearebroadlyreferredtoas“NativeAmericans”,“AmericanIndians”orsimply“Indians”.WhentheEuropeansettlementofNorthAmericabegan,therewasintenseconflictbetweensettlersfromoverseasandthesenativepeople.In1830,formerUSpresidentAndrewJacksonsignedtheIndianRemovalAct.ThisactrequiredallIndianstomigratetowestoftheMississippiRivertoallowfortheexpansionoftheUS.AmericanIndiansweretreatedasamilitary“enemy”until1924,whenthefewIndiansstillaliveatthatpointweregrantedUScitizenship.ThatwasthefirsttimethattheUSgovernmentformallyrecognizedtherightsofIndians.WhilethestoryoftheAmericanIndianshasbeenasadone,theirlegacyisstillfelteverydayintheUS.ManyUSgeographicalnamescomefromIndianlanguages,suchasOhio,Topeka,KansasandthePotomacRiver.Atthesametime,therearemanysuccessfulacademicsandotherimportantUSleaderswhoaredescended(是…的后裔)fromIndians.Andnowadays,moreandmorehistoryclassesinUSpublicschoolsareeducatingstudentsabouthowIndianssufferedduringthesettlementoftheUS.Althoughwhathappenedcannotbeundone,wecanlearnatleastonethingfromthesadhistoryoftheIndians:Ifwewantabetterfuture,wemustlookcarefullyandhonestlyatthepast.8．WhydoesthewritermentionTaylorSwiftandMichaelJordan?A．Tochallengereaders’ideasofatypicalAmerican.B．Tosupportthewriter’spointonAmericanidentity.C．ToprovidetypicalexamplesofnativeAmericans.D．TocomparetheirappearanceswithtypicalAmericans.9．HowweretheAmericanIndianstreatedinthemiddleofthe19thcentury?A．TheyweregrantedUScitizenship.B．Theywereregardedasamilitary“enemy”.C．TheywererequiredtolivealongtheMississippiRiver.D．TheywereaskedtoleavethecountrybytheUSgovernment.10．WhichofthefollowingaspectsshowstheAmericanIndianlegacytoday?A．Originsofnamesofsomeplaces.B．PopularityoftheIndianlanguage.C．SuccessoftheAcademicandotherimportantUSleaders.D．MoreandmorehistoryclassesinAmericanpublicschools.11．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthehistoryofAmericanIndians?A．Itshouldbeignoredtomoveon. B．Itholdslittleinterestforhim.C．It’shurtfultoberemindedofit. D．It’svaluabletoreflectonit.AnewstudyfromHarvardT.H.ChanSchoolofPublicHealthsuggeststhateatingdarkchocolate,butnotmilkchocolate,maybelinkedtoareducedriskofdevelopingtype2diabetes(T2D)(2型糖尿病).“Ourfindingssuggestthatnotallchocolateiscreatedequal,”saidleadauthorBinkaiLiu,doctoralstudentintheDepartmentofNutrition.“Foranyonewholoveschocolate,thisisareminderthatmakingsmallchoices,likechoosingdarkchocolateovermilkchocolate,canmakeapositivedifferencetotheirhealth.”There’salotofresearchonhowchocolatemightbelinkedtoT2D,buttheresultsdon’talwaysagree.Also,notmanystudieslookatthedifferencesbetweentypesofchocolate,likedarkchocolateandmilkchocolate.Theresearchersseektofillthisgapusingdata(數據)fromtheNurses’HealthStudiesIandII,aswellastheHealthProfessionalsFollow-upStudy.Duringmorethan30years,192,000grown-upswhodidn’thavediabeteswhenthestudystartedtoldresearchersaboutwhattheyate,likehowmuchchocolatetheyhad,andalsoaboutwhethertheygotdiabetesandhowmuchtheyweighed.Bytheendofthestudyperiod,nearly19,000reportedbeingdiagnosed(診斷)withT2D．Ofthenearly112,000whoreportedspecificallyontheirdarkandmilkchocolateintake,nearly5,000werediagnosedwithT2D．Thestudyfoundthatthosewhoconsumed(吃；喝)atleastfiveouncesofanytypeofchocolateperweekhada10%lowerriskofdevelopingT2Dcomparedtothosewhoneverorrarelyatechocolate.Darkchocolatehadanevenbiggerimpact:thosewhoconsumedatleastfiveservingsofthischocolateperweekshoweda21%lowerriskofT2D．Theresearchersalsoobserved(觀察)a3%reductioninriskforeveryservingofdarkchocolateeatenperweek.Eatingmilkchocolate,meanwhile,wasnotlinkedtoreducedT2Drisk.Increasedeatingmilkchocolate,butnotdarkchocolate,waslinkedtolong-termweightgain,apotentialcontributortothedevelopmentofT2D．Theresearcherspointedoutthattheamountofchocolatepeopleatewaslessthanwhattheyusuallyeatinthecountry,asseeninpastrecords.Theyalsosaidthattheresultsmightnotbethesameforpeoplewhoeatalotofchocolate.12．Howwasthenewstudyconducted?A．Byconductingexperimentsinalab.B．Byinterviewingchocolateproducers.C．Bystudyingdatafromlong-termhealthstudies.D．Bylettingpeopleeatdifferenttypesofchocolate.13．Whatistherelationshipbetweeneat?ngmilkchocolateandweightgain?A．Milkchocolatestopsweightgain.B．Milkchocolateislinkedtoweightgain.C．Milkchocolateislinkedtoweightloss.D．Thereisnorelationshipbetweenthem.14．Whatmightbeaproblemwiththestudy’sresults?A．Thestudydidn’thavekidsinit.B．Thestudydidn’tlookatfamilyhistory.C．Onlyonekindofchocolatewasexamined.D．Thefindingsofthisstudydon’tapplytoeveryone.15．Whatdoesthetextmanlytalkabout?A．Thehealthbenefitsofalltypesofchocolate.B．Chocolateconsumptioncanpreventweightgain.C．MilkchocolateismorebeneficialforT2Davoidance.D．Eatingdarkchocolatecouldreducetheriskofdiabetes.Whenwasthelasttimeyouhadtomemorizeaphonenumber?Thechancesarethatithasbeenyears,giventhatyoucansimplyuseyourdigitaldevicestomemorizethatnumberforyou.Inaworldofdigitalinformation,anewphenomenon“digitalamnesia”,whichreferstothelossofourbrains’abilitytorememberinformationaswebecomedependentontechnologytogetdata,isstartingtospreadacrossthecountry.16.Establishascreen-freedayStartchoosingonedayoftheweektoputawayyourdigitaldevices.Ifyouneedsomethingtowakeyouup,avoidusingyourphone,asit’lllikelystimulateyoutocheckyourmessagesbeforeyou’reevensteppingoutofbed.17.18Insteadofdependingonyourphone,setouttodesignareliableworkoutplan,whichusesprintedinstructionstotrainyourmemory.Thereareseveraltechniquesyoucanuse,butwhicheveronesyouchoose,physicalpaperisthekey.Itallowsyoutoexerciseyourbraintofindtheanswerwithinthepagesthemselves,ratherthanturningtoyourphoneforhelp.SimplifyyourdigitallifeThereisnodenyingthatdigitaldeviceshavemadeourlivesextremelyconvenient.19.Althoughwecantrytoavoidusingdigitaldevices,itisundeniablethatwewillneedthemforcertaintasks.Simplifyingyourdigitallifecanhelpaddressdigitalamnesia.Removingwhatisnotnecessarycanhelpyoubelessdependentonyourdevices.20.Itcanbeaveryeffectivetool,butitsusefulness,oruselessness,entirelydependsonyourattitude.Youhavetolearnhowtouseitcorrectlysothatitdoesn’ttakeover.A．ExerciseyourmemoryB．SticktoapracticalplanC．Luckily,therearewaysyoucantaketodealwithitD．ItcanhelpyouimproveworkefficiencyandgetorganizedE．Bynotstaringatyourdevices,you’llgiveyourbrainabreakF．However,theycanbeharmfultoourmentalhealthandproductivityG．Despitetheso-calleddigitalamnesia,technologydoeshaveitsplaceinourlives二、完形填空（本大題共1小題）I’dalwayslovedtosingandhadalreadysignedupfortheschooltalentshowwhenIstartedstuttering(口吃).Itriedspeechtherapy(治療)butitdidn’t21.BythesummerIwas12,mystutterhadbecomemyentire22,andIdarednottalkatall.Iwentfrombeinga(n)23,carefreegirltoashyandinsecureone.OneAugustafternoon,Iwalkedintothebasement,whereIkeptmymusical24.Isatdownandcried,25andfrustrated.Myeyeslitonmyguitar.Ipickeditupandstartedplaying.ThenIopenedmaymouth.Tomyamazement,wordscame26whenIsang.Iwroteasongcalled“IWillTrust”onthespot.IsangabouthowlostIfeltandhowthepain27medown.IexpressedeverythingIhadn’tbeenableto28.Icriedagain,thistimeforjoy.Eversince,I’vebeenwritingsongs29thehumancondition.Lastyear,IcameacrosstheAmerica’sGotTalentauditionannouncementpopuponmycomputer.Ifelt30togiveitatry.Acoupleofmonthslater,thereIwas—standingonthatbig31.Myheartraced,butthistimeitwas32byexcitementratherthanfear.WhenIfinished,thewholecrowdwasonitsfeet,andsowerethejudges.Their33thunderedinmyears,removingallthe34thathadtroubledmeforsolong.Inthatinstant,IrealizedIwasnolongerdefinedbymystutterbutbymymusicand35.21．A．help B．exist C．matter D．stop22．A．interest B．history C．identity D．strength23．A．generous B．outgoing C．ordinary D．sensitive24．A．theory B．style C．popularity D．instrument25．A．embarrassed B．hopeless C．grateful D．confused26．A．floodingout B．breakingdown C．goingthrough D．settingup27．A．calmed B．turned C．weighed D．handed28．A．confirm B．voice C．define D．admit29．A．exploring B．removing C．targeting D．inspiring30．A．forced B．called C．threatened D．questioned31．A．cave B．track C．case D．stage32．A．fueled B．benefited C．defended D．repaired33．A．discussion B．applause C．arguments D．comments34．A．self-discipline B．self-confidence C．self-ignorance D．self-doubt35．A．courage B．silence C．privacy D．intelligence三、語法填空（本大題共14小題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Anexhibition36(title)LightoftheSun:aDialogueBetweenAncientShuandIncaCivilizationsishappeningrightnowattheInkaMuseuminCusco,Peru.Theevent,37willrununtilNov.20,features(以……為特色)copiesof16specialitemsfromtheSanxingduiMuseumandtheJinshaSiteMuseuminSichuanandsevensetsofcultural38(collection)fromtheInkaMuseum.ZapataRodriguez,directoroftheInkaMuseum,saidthatthroughthisexhibition,hehopestodeepenthefriendshipbetweenChinaandPeru39(far)andnarrowtheculturalexchange40(distant)betweentheancientShuandIncacivilizations.Healsoseesthis41anopportunitytopromotelong-termexchangesanddialoguebetweenSichuanandCusco.WangFang,fromJinshaSiteMuseum,saidtheexhibitionselectedspecialitemsfromtheSanxingduiandJinshasitesoftheancientShucivilization,42(include)itemsmadeofgold,jade,woodandbronze.“TheseitemsareshowntogetherwithpreciousitemsfromtheIncacivilization.Thegoalistohelpvisitorstoappreciatetheuncommonwisdomandcreativityoftheancestors(祖先)ofbothplaces,”hesaid.Wangsaidtheexhibitionalsousesdigitalpresentationstocreateaspecialviewingexperiencethatallowsvisitors43(feel)asiftheyaretravelingthroughtimeandspace.ExpertsfromChinaandPeru44(deliver)speechesontopicssuchasthearchaeologicalexcavations(發掘)oftheSanxingduiandJinshasitesand45valuesoftheancientShuandIncacivilizationsdaysago.46．Governmentscouldrelievetheireconomic(press).(所給詞的適當形式填空)47．Listeningtohisinspiringspeech,wewereinspiredtomakegreatefforts.Itgaveusnotonlyhopebutalso(inspire).(所給詞的適當形式填空)48．Ifyoucontinuetodo(legal)things,youwillendupinprisonsoonerorlater.(所給詞的適當形式填空)49．WiththeSpringFestival(approach),thestudentsarebeginningtotalkabouttheirplans.(所給詞的適當形式填空)50．Manypeoplehaveexpressedtheirdissatisfactionwiththe(arrange).(所給詞的適當形式填空)51．Ifweliveinanurbancenter,wecanenjoy(convenience)transportationandavibrantshoppingenvironment.(所給詞的適當形式填空)52．Thenovel,(rate)asaclassicbyreaders,haswonnumerousliteraryawards.(所給詞的適當形式填空)53．Theancienttemple,(build)inthe12thcentury,attractsthousandsoftouristseveryyear.(所給詞的適當形式填空)54．Themuseumrepairedthisweek,sotheexhibitionisputofftonextweek.(用適當的詞填空)55．Wesawtherarespecies,(observe)initsnaturalhabitatforthefirsttime.(所給詞的適當形式填空)56．Sofar,largeamountsofmoneyspentonthatbigproject.(用適當的詞填空)57．Thestudentswereexcitedtoseetheirnames(publish)ontheschoolwebsite.(所給詞的適當形式填空)58．SomeequipmentaswellasanumberofmapsandbooksofferedtotheareafromallovertheglobesincetheearthquakeoccurredinTurkey.(用適當的詞填空)四、選詞填空（本大題共1小題）閱讀下面句子，根據中文提示從方框內選擇合適的單詞，在空白處填入其適當形式。watchover

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keeptrackof59．Mostpeople(意識到；知道)thedangerofsmokingtotheirownhealth.60．Thebooksondisplayinthemuseum(屬于)aprivatecollector.61．(為……擔憂的)herchild’ssafety,themothercouldn’tfallasleep.62．Asadoctor,Jameshasto(了解……的動態)thelatestdevelopmentinmedicine.63．Inmyopinion,you’dbetter(照管；保護)yourchild,whooftenwandersinthestreets.64．Bornwithoutarmsandlegs,Nickwas(取笑)whenhewasyoung,buthenevergivesup.65．Inmyexperience,ifyoupracticeoralEnglishwithyourpartner,youcan(取得進步)faster.五、書信寫作（本大題共1小題）66．目前世界上許多野生動物瀕臨滅絕，假如你是李華，請你給校英文報寫一封倡議信，呼吁大家保護動物，愛護環境。內容包括：1.寫信目的；2.分析原因；3.提出措施。注意：1.詞數80左右；2.可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。Dearschoolmates,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

參考答案【答案】1．A2．D3．D【分析】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了印度一些頂級的文化遺產目的地。【解析】1．細節理解題。根據第一段中“Indiaisanancientcivilizationwithrichculturalheritage,anditsculturalheritagehassomethingtodowithallmajorreligions(宗教)oftheworld.(印度是一個文化遺產豐富的古老文明國家，其文化遺產與世界上所有主要宗教都有聯系。)”可知，印度文化遺產與宗教有關。故選A。2．細節理解題。根據SunTemple,Konark部分下的“Ahugechariot(二輪戰車)drawnbysevenhorsesandtwelvepairsofwheelsshowtheimportancewhichancientpeopleplacedonthepowerofthesun.(一輛由七匹馬和十二對輪子組成的巨大戰車表明了古人對太陽力量的重視。)”可知，古印度的人們很重視太陽的力量。故選D。3．細節理解題。根據Sanchi部分下的“SanchiisaUNESCOworldheritagesitewithnumerousBuddhisttemplesdatingbacktotheseventhandeighthcenturies.(Sanchi是一個世界遺產，有許多佛教寺廟，可以追溯到公元7世紀和8世紀。)”可知，如果你想知道一些關于佛教紀念碑的事情，你可以參觀Sanchi，故選D。【答案】4．C5．B6．A7．B【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者一個偶然的機會開始拉中提琴，感受到古典音樂對我們的情感帶來的好處，并把它看作一生最誠摯的朋友的故事。【解析】4．細節理解題。根據第一段““Youhavehandsfortheviola(中提琴),”MissCianotoldme.Iwasexcitedbecausemyhandswerefinallygoodforsomething.(“你的手很適合拉中提琴，”齊亞諾小姐對我說。我很興奮，因為我的手終于有用武之地了)”可知，作者對演奏中提琴感興趣的主要原因是教師的正確引導。故選C項。5．細節理解題。根據第三段“Bylisteningtoclassicalmusic,Iknowthatsomeoneelsesharesthesefeelings.SinceIamluckyenoughtobeabletoplayclassicalmusic,IamcomfortedbyitwhenIamupset.(通過聽古典音樂，我知道其他人也有同樣的感受。因為我很幸運能夠演奏古典音樂，所以當我心煩意亂的時候，我就會得到安慰)”可知，古典音樂可以給予作者情感上的安慰。故選B項。6．詞句猜測題。根據劃線詞后文“forbelievingthatanyone,evenmusicteachers,couldtellwhetherhandswereperfectforacertaininstrument.I’mcertaintheytoldmeIhad“violahands”notbecausetheywerefortune-tellers,butbecausetherewasalackofviolistsinourdistrict(因為相信任何人，甚至是音樂老師，都能分辨出某人的手是否適合彈奏某種樂器。我確定他們告訴我，我有‘一雙拉中提琴的手’不是因為他們是算命先生，而是因為在那個地區缺少中提琴演奏者)”可知，“NowlookbackatthatfalldayinthethirdgradeandthinkhowgullibleIwas(現在回想一下三年級的那個秋天，想想我是gullible)”指的是，回想起三年級的那個秋天，作者意識到當時相信了老師說自己“有一雙拉中提琴的手”，而這其實并不是真話，由此可以推測作者覺得自己輕信了老師的話，即gullible意思為“輕信的，易受騙的”，與Easilytricked意思一致。故選A項。7．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是根據第三段“Classicalmusicistrulymybestfriend.(古典音樂是我最好的朋友)”和文章最后一句“Ifyougetintroducedtoitintherightway,itwillbecomeyourfriendforlife.(如果你以正確的方式了解它，它將成為你終生的朋友)”可知，本文主要講述了作者一個偶然的機會開始拉中提琴，從此古典音樂成了作者最好的朋友。因此B選項“古典音樂，永恒的友誼”適合可以用作文章標題。故選B項。【答案】8．A9．B10．A11．D【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了歷史上美國印第安人的悲慘生活，作者認為反思美洲印第安人的歷史是很有價值的。【解析】8．推理判斷題。根據第一段“WhenyouthinkofatypicalAmerican,whodoyoupicture?AprettyblondwhiteAmericanlikeTaylorSwiftorahandsomeblackAmericanlikebasketballstarMichaelJordan?Infact,therewasatimewhentheaverageAmericanlookedlikeneitherofthesepeople.(當你想到一個典型的美國人時，你會想到誰？像泰勒·斯威夫特這樣漂亮的金發美國白人，還是像籃球明星邁克爾·喬丹這樣英俊的美國黑人？事實上，曾經有一段時間，普通美國人看起來不像這些人。)”可推知，作者提到泰勒·斯威夫特和邁克爾·喬丹是為了挑戰讀者對典型美國人的看法，形成一種反差，吸引讀者。故選A。9．細節理解題。根據第三段中“AmericanIndiansweretreatedasamilitary“enemy”until1924,whenthefewIndiansstillaliveatthatpointweregrantedUScitizenship.(美國印第安人都被視為軍事“敵人”，直到1924年，當時少數仍然活著的印第安人被授予美國公民身份)”可知，19世紀中葉，美洲印第安人被視為軍事“敵人”。故選B。10．細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中“WhilethestoryoftheAmericanIndianshasbeenasadone,theirlegacyisstillfelteverydayintheUS.ManyUSgeographicalnamescomefromIndianlanguages,suchasOhio,Topeka,KansasandthePotomacRiver.(盡管美洲印第安人的故事令人悲傷，但美國每天仍能感受到他們的遺產。美國的許多地名都來自印第安語言，如俄亥俄州、托皮卡州、堪薩斯州和波托馬克河。)”可知，一些地名的由來體現了當今美洲印第安人的遺產。故選A。11．推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Althoughwhathappenedcannotbeundone,wecanlearnatleastonethingfromthesadhistoryoftheIndians:Ifwewantabetterfuture,wemustlookcarefullyandhonestlyatthepast.(盡管已經發生的事情無法挽回，但我們至少可以從印第安人的悲慘歷史中學到一件事：如果我們想要更好的未來，我們必須認真、誠實地審視過去)”可推知，作者認為反思美洲印第安人的歷史是很有價值的。故選D。【答案】12．C13．B14．D15．D【分析】本文是一篇說明文，文章介紹了一項來自哈佛大學公共衛生學院的研究，探討了食用黑巧克力與降低2型糖尿病風險之間的關系，并指出黑巧克力和牛奶巧克力在健康影響上的差異。【解析】12．細節理解題。根據第四段中“Theresearchersseektofillthisgapusingdata(數據)fromtheNurses’HealthStudiesIandII,aswellastheHealthProfessionalsFollow-upStudy.(研究人員試圖利用“護士健康研究I和II”以及“健康專業人士后續研究”的數據來填補這一空白)”可知，這項新研究是通過研究長期健康研究的數據來進行的。故選C。13．細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中“Increasedeatingmilkchocolate,butnotdarkchocolate,waslinkedtolong-termweightgain,apotentialcontributortothedevelopmentofT2D.(增加食用牛奶巧克力，而不是黑巧克力，與長期體重增加有關，而體重增加是2型糖尿病發生的一個潛在因素)”可知，食用牛奶巧克力與體重增加有關。故選B。14．細節理解題。根據最后一段中“Theyalsosaidthattheresultsmightnotbethesameforpeoplewhoeatalotofchocolate.(他們還指出，對于那些大量食用巧克力的人來說，研究結果可能并不相同)”可知，研究結果可能有一定的局限性，并不適用于所有人。故選D。15．主旨大意題。根據第一段“AnewstudyfromHarvardT.H.ChanSchoolofPublicHealthsuggeststhateatingdarkchocolate,butnotmilkchocolate,maybelinkedtoareducedriskofdevelopingtype2diabetes(T2D)(哈佛大學T.H.Chan公共衛生學院的一項新研究表明，食用黑巧克力，而非牛奶巧克力，可能與降低患2型糖尿病的風險有關)”及全文可知，文章主要討論了黑巧克力與降低2型糖尿病風險之間的關系，并指出黑巧克力對健康的積極影響，而牛奶巧克力則沒有這種效果。因此，文章的核心內容是關于食用黑巧克力可以降低糖尿病的風險。故選D。【答案】16．C17．E18．A19．F20．G【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要討論了數字時代出現的新現象——“數字健忘癥”，即隨著人們越來越依賴技術獲取信息，大腦記憶信息的能力逐漸喪失，并提出了一些應對方法。【解析】16．根據上文“Whenwasthelasttimeyouhadtomemorizeaphonenumber?Thechancesarethatithasbeenyears,giventhatyoucansimplyuseyourdigitaldevicestomemorizethatnumberforyou.Inaworldofdigitalinformation,anewphenomenon“digitalamnesia”,whichreferstothelossofourbrains’abilitytorememberinformationaswebecomedependentontechnologytogetdata,isstartingtospreadacrossthecountry.(你上一次記電話號碼是什么時候？考慮到你可以簡單地用你的數字設備來記住你的數字，很可能已經好幾年了。在一個數字信息的世界里，一種新現象'數字健忘癥”開始在全國蔓延。“數字健忘癥”指的是我們的大腦由于依賴技術來獲取數據而喪失了記憶信息的能力)”可知，上文提出‘數字健忘癥’的問題，后文給出具體的方法，本句承上啟下，既提到數字健忘癥的問題，又引出下文將要討論的解決方法。故C選項“幸運的是，你可以采取一些方法來處理它”符合語境，故選C。17．根據上文“Startchoosingonedayoftheweektoputawayyourdigitaldevices.Ifyouneedsomethingtowakeyouup,avoidusingyourphone,asit’lllikelystimulateyoutocheckyourmessagesbeforeyou’reevensteppingoutofbed.(開始選擇一周中的一天來放下你的電子設備。如果你需要一些東西來喚醒你，那就不要用手機，因為它可能會刺激你在起床之前查看信息)”可知，空前提到了在這個日子里要避免使用手機等數字設備，以免在起床前就受到信息的干擾。E選項“不要盯著電子設備看，你的大腦會得到休息”承接上文，繼續說明設立無屏幕日的好處，符合語境，故選E。18．此空為小標題；根據本段內容“Insteadofdependingonyourphone,setouttodesignareliableworkoutplan,whichusesprintedinstructionstotrainyourmemory.Thereareseveraltechniquesyoucanuse,butwhicheveronesyouchoose,physicalpaperisthekey.Itallowsyoutoexerciseyourbraintofindtheanswerwithinthepagesthemselves,ratherthanturningtoyourphoneforhelp.(與其依賴你的手機，不如著手設計一個可靠的鍛煉計劃，使用打印的說明來訓練你的記憶力。你可以使用幾種技巧，但無論你選擇哪一種，實體紙都是關鍵。它可以鍛煉你的大腦在書頁中找到答案，而不是求助于你的手機)”可知，本段主要講的是不要依賴手機，而是要通過制定可靠的鍛煉計劃來訓練記憶力，使用紙質指令來鍛煉大腦在頁面中尋找答案的能力。故A選項“鍛煉記憶力”能夠概括本段主旨，故選A。19．根據上文“Thereisnodenyingthatdigitaldeviceshavemadeourlivesextremelyconvenient.(不可否認，數字設備使我們的生活非常方便)”以及后文“Althoughwecantrytoavoidusingdigitaldevices,itisundeniablethatwewillneedthemforcertaintasks.(雖然我們可以盡量避免使用數字設備，但不可否認的是，我們將需要它們來完成某些任務)”可知，第四段先承認數字設備的便利，后需轉折指出其負面影響。選項F通過“however”引出矛盾，銜接后文“簡化數字生活”的必要性。故F選項“然而，它們可能對我們的心理健康和工作效率有害”符合語境，故選F。20．根據后文“Itcanbeaveryeffectivetool,butitsusefulness,oruselessness,entirelydependsonyourattitude.Youhavetolearnhowtouseitcorrectlysothatitdoesn’ttakeover.(它可以是一個非常有效的工具，但它的有用或無用，完全取決于你的態度。你必須學會如何正確地使用它，這樣它才不會占上風)”可知，本句承上啟下，既提到技術的存在性，又引出下文關于正確使用技術的討論。故G選項“盡管有所謂的‘數字健忘癥’，但科技確實在我們的生活中占有一席之地”符合語境，故選G。【答案】21．A22．C23．B24．D25．B26．A27．C28．B29．A30．B31．D32．A33．B34．D35．A【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。作者喜歡唱歌，但卻深受口吃之苦。一次作者偶然拿起吉他，邊彈邊唱，作者欣喜地發現自己竟然能夠流利地歌唱，后來作者參加了《美國達人秀》，成功地摘掉了口吃的標簽。【解析】21．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我嘗試了語言治療，但沒什么幫助。A.help幫助；B.exist存在；C.matter重要；D.stop停止。but前后表示轉折，根據“Itriedspeechtherapy(治療)”可知，語言治療沒有幫助。故選A。22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：到了我12歲的夏天，我的口吃已經成為了我的全部身份，我根本不敢說話。A.interest興趣；B.history歷史；C.identity身份；D.strength力量。根據句中的“andIdarednottalkatall”和下文中的“Iwasnolongerdefinedbymystutter”可知，作者的口吃變得非常嚴重，甚至不敢開口說話，被口吃定義，因此口吃成了作者的全部身份。故選C。23．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我從一個外向、無憂無慮的女孩變成了一個害羞、不安全的女孩。A.generous慷慨的；B.outgoing外向的；C.ordinary普通的；D.sensitive敏感的。根據句中的“toashyandinsecureone”可知，作者從一個外向的人變成了一個害羞內向的人。故選B。24．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一個八月的下午，我走進地下室，我把樂器放在那里。A.theory理論；B.style風格；C.popularity流行；D.instrument樂器。根據下文“Myeyeslitonmyguitar.”可知，地下室里有作者的吉他，因此是放著樂器。故選D。25．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我坐下來哭泣，絕望而沮喪。A.embarrasse