2023年二級(jí)專業(yè)翻譯資格練習(xí)題和答案分析詞匯與語(yǔ)法選擇題1.Thecompanyisplanningamajormarketing______topromoteitsnewproduct.A.campaignB.combatC.challengeD.champion答案：A分析：“campaign”有“營(yíng)銷活動(dòng)、宣傳活動(dòng)”之意，“amajormarketingcampaign”表示一次大型的營(yíng)銷活動(dòng)，符合語(yǔ)境。“combat”意為“戰(zhàn)斗、搏斗”；“challenge”是“挑戰(zhàn)”；“champion”指“冠軍”，均不符合題意。2.Hisspeechwasso______thateveryonewasdeeplyimpressed.A.persuasiveB.persuadedC.persuadingD.persuasion答案：A分析：“persuasive”是形容詞，意為“有說(shuō)服力的”，用來(lái)修飾名詞“speech”。“persuaded”一般用來(lái)形容人“被說(shuō)服的”；“persuading”是現(xiàn)在分詞形式；“persuasion”是名詞“說(shuō)服、勸說(shuō)”，所以選A。3.Theoldmanhasa______memory,andhecanstillremembermanydetailsofhischildhood.A.sharpB.acuteC.keenD.alloftheabove答案：D分析：“sharp”“acute”“keen”都有“敏銳的”意思，在描述記憶力敏銳時(shí)都可以使用，所以選D。4.Thenewsoftwarehasmanyadvancedfeatures,butitalsohassome______problems.A.technicalB.techniqueC.technologistD.technology答案：A分析：“technical”是形容詞，意為“技術(shù)上的”，修飾名詞“problems”。“technique”是名詞“技巧、技術(shù)”；“technologist”指“技術(shù)專家”；“technology”是“技術(shù)”，所以選A。5.Sheisvery______aboutherappearanceandalwaysdressesverystylishly.A.consciousB.conscienceC.conscientiousD.consciously答案：A分析：“beconsciousabout”是固定搭配，意為“對(duì)……在意、有意識(shí)”。“conscience”是名詞“良心、道德心”；“conscientious”意為“認(rèn)真的、盡責(zé)的”；“consciously”是副詞“有意識(shí)地”，所以選A。6.The______oftheaccidentisstillunknown,andthepoliceareinvestigatingit.A.causeB.reasonC.excuseD.motive答案：A分析：“cause”通常指導(dǎo)致某種結(jié)果的直接原因，常與事故、事件等搭配，“thecauseoftheaccident”表示事故的原因。“reason”強(qiáng)調(diào)邏輯上的理由；“excuse”是“借口”；“motive”側(cè)重于動(dòng)機(jī)，所以選A。7.Weshouldmakefulluseoftheresourcesathandandtryto______waste.A.minimizeB.maximizeC.mobilizeD.modify答案：A分析：“minimize”意為“使減少到最低限度”，“minimizewaste”表示減少浪費(fèi)，符合語(yǔ)境。“maximize”是“使最大化”；“mobilize”是“動(dòng)員、調(diào)動(dòng)”；“modify”是“修改、改變”，所以選A。8.Theprofessorgaveavery______lectureonmodernart,whichbroadenedourhorizons.A.informativeB.informationC.informedD.inform答案：A分析：“informative”是形容詞，意為“提供信息的、增進(jìn)知識(shí)的”，修飾名詞“l(fā)ecture”。“information”是名詞“信息”；“informed”意為“有見(jiàn)識(shí)的、明智的”；“inform”是動(dòng)詞“通知、告知”，所以選A。9.Theyoungmanshowedgreat______indealingwiththedifficultsituation.A.wisdomB.wiseC.wiselyD.wiseness答案：A分析：“wisdom”是名詞，意為“智慧、明智”，在句中作賓語(yǔ)。“wise”是形容詞“明智的”；“wisely”是副詞“明智地”；“wiseness”不是常用詞匯，所以選A。10.Thegovernmenthastakenmeasuresto______theeconomicdevelopmentoftheregion.A.stimulateB.simulateC.stimulatetoD.simulateto答案：A分析：“stimulate”意為“刺激、促進(jìn)”，“stimulatetheeconomicdevelopment”表示促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。“simulate”是“模擬、模仿”，且“stimulate”是及物動(dòng)詞，不需要加“to”，所以選A。閱讀理解題Passage1Inrecentyears,theconceptofsustainabletourismhasgainedincreasingattention.Sustainabletourismaimstominimizethenegativeimpactsoftourismontheenvironment,society,andculture,whilemaximizingthepositivebenefits.Oneofthekeyaspectsofsustainabletourismisenvironmentalprotection.Thisincludesreducingenergyconsumption,conservingwater,andminimizingwastegeneration.Forexample,manyhotelsarenowimplementingenergy-efficientmeasuressuchasusingLEDlightsandsolarpanels.Theyarealsopromotingwaterconservationbyinstallinglow-flowshowerheadsandtoilets.Anotherimportantaspectisthesupportoflocalcommunities.Sustainabletourismencouragestouriststointeractwithlocalpeople,learnabouttheirculture,andsupportlocalbusinesses.Thiscanhelptocreatejobsandimprovetheeconomicsituationofthelocalarea.Forinstance,touristscanvisitlocalmarkets,buylocalhandicrafts,andeatatlocalrestaurants.1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thedevelopmentoftourisminrecentyears.B.Theconceptandkeyaspectsofsustainabletourism.C.Theimportanceofenvironmentalprotectionintourism.D.Theroleoflocalcommunitiesintourism.答案：B分析：文章開(kāi)篇引出可持續(xù)旅游的概念，接著分別闡述了可持續(xù)旅游的兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵方面，即環(huán)境保護(hù)和支持當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)，所以文章主要講的是可持續(xù)旅游的概念和關(guān)鍵方面，選B。A選項(xiàng)文章未重點(diǎn)講旅游的發(fā)展；C和D選項(xiàng)只是可持續(xù)旅游的部分方面，不全面。2.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinsustainabletourism?A.Touristsvisitlocalmarkets.B.HotelsuseLEDlights.C.Touristseatatlocalrestaurants.D.Touristsbuylocalhandicrafts.答案：B分析：文章提到“manyhotelsarenowimplementingenergy-efficientmeasuressuchasusingLEDlightsandsolarpanels”，使用LED燈是可持續(xù)旅游中環(huán)境保護(hù)的措施。A、C、D選項(xiàng)都是支持當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)的例子，所以選B。3.Howcansustainabletourismsupportlocalcommunities?A.Byreducingenergyconsumption.B.Byconservingwater.C.Byencouragingtouriststointeractwithlocalsandsupportlocalbusinesses.D.Byminimizingwastegeneration.答案：C分析：文中提到“Sustainabletourismencouragestouriststointeractwithlocalpeople,learnabouttheirculture,andsupportlocalbusinesses.Thiscanhelptocreatejobsandimprovetheeconomicsituationofthelocalarea”，說(shuō)明可持續(xù)旅游通過(guò)鼓勵(lì)游客與當(dāng)?shù)厝嘶?dòng)并支持當(dāng)?shù)仄髽I(yè)來(lái)支持當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)，選C。A、B、D選項(xiàng)都是環(huán)境保護(hù)方面的內(nèi)容。Passage2TheInternethasrevolutionizedthewayweliveandwork.Ithasmadeinformationaccessibletopeopleallovertheworldinaninstant.Withjustafewclicks,wecansearchforanyinformationweneed,whetherit'sforacademicresearch,business,orpersonalinterest.However,theInternetalsohasitsdrawbacks.Oneofthemajorproblemsisthespreadofmisinformation.AnyonecanpostinformationontheInternet,andnotallofitisaccurateorreliable.Thiscanleadtoconfusionandevenharm,especiallywhenitcomestohealthandsafetyinformation.Anotherissueisonlineprivacy.AsweusetheInternetmoreandmore,weleavebehindadigitalfootprint.Companiesandorganizationscancollectandanalyzethisdata,whichmayposeathreattoourprivacy.4.WhathastheInternetdonetoourlives?A.Ithasmadeourlivesmoredifficult.B.Ithasrevolutionizedthewayweliveandwork.C.Ithaslimitedouraccesstoinformation.D.Ithasincreasedourworkload.答案：B分析：文章第一句“TheInternethasrevolutionizedthewayweliveandwork”明確說(shuō)明了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)徹底改變了我們的生活和工作方式，選B。A、C、D選項(xiàng)與文章內(nèi)容不符。5.WhatisoneofthemajorproblemsoftheInternet?A.Theslowspeedofinformationaccess.B.Thelackofinformation.C.Thespreadofmisinformation.D.ThehighcostofusingtheInternet.答案：C分析：文中提到“Oneofthemajorproblemsisthespreadofmisinformation”，說(shuō)明互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的一個(gè)主要問(wèn)題是錯(cuò)誤信息的傳播，選C。A、B、D選項(xiàng)在文中未提及。6.Whyisonlineprivacyanissue?A.BecausetheInternetistooslow.B.BecausethereisnotenoughinformationontheInternet.C.Becausecompaniescancollectandanalyzeourdigitaldata.D.BecausetheInternetisnotsafetouse.答案：C分析：根據(jù)“AsweusetheInternetmoreandmore,weleavebehindadigitalfootprint.Companiesandorganizationscancollectandanalyzethisdata,whichmayposeathreattoourprivacy”，可知在線隱私成為問(wèn)題是因?yàn)楣究梢允占头治鑫覀兊臄?shù)字?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)，選C。A、B選項(xiàng)與隱私問(wèn)題無(wú)關(guān)；D選項(xiàng)表述不準(zhǔn)確。Passage3Thedevelopmentofartificialintelligence(AI)hasbeenoneofthemostsignificanttechnologicaladvancementsinrecentyears.AIhasthepotentialtotransformmanyindustries,fromhealthcaretotransportation.Inhealthcare,AIcanbeusedfordiseasediagnosis.Byanalyzinglargeamountsofmedicaldata,AIalgorithmscandetectpatternsandpredictdiseasesmoreaccuratelythanhumandoctorsinsomecases.Forexample,AIcanhelpintheearlydetectionofcancerbyanalyzingmedicalimages.Intransportation,self-drivingcarsareaprimeexampleofAIapplication.ThesecarsusesensorsandAIalgorithmstonavigatetheroads,whichcanpotentiallyreducetrafficaccidentsandimprovetrafficefficiency.7.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.Thehistoryofartificialintelligence.B.Theapplicationsofartificialintelligenceindifferentindustries.C.Thechallengesofartificialintelligence.D.Thefutureofartificialintelligence.答案：B分析：文章主要介紹了人工智能在醫(yī)療和交通等行業(yè)的應(yīng)用，所以選B。A選項(xiàng)文章未講人工智能的歷史；C選項(xiàng)未提及挑戰(zhàn)；D選項(xiàng)未著重說(shuō)未來(lái)。8.HowcanAIbeusedinhealthcare?A.Bybuildinghospitals.B.Byprovidingmedicalequipment.C.Byanalyzingmedicaldatafordiseasediagnosis.D.Bytrainingdoctors.答案：C分析：文中提到“Inhealthcare,AIcanbeusedfordiseasediagnosis.Byanalyzinglargeamountsofmedicaldata,AIalgorithmscandetectpatternsandpredictdiseasesmoreaccuratelythanhumandoctorsinsomecases”，說(shuō)明AI在醫(yī)療中可通過(guò)分析醫(yī)療數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行疾病診斷，選C。A、B、D選項(xiàng)不符合文章內(nèi)容。9.WhatisanexampleofAIapplicationintransportation?A.Buses.B.Trains.C.Self-drivingcars.D.Planes.答案：C分析：根據(jù)“Intransportation,self-drivingcarsareaprimeexampleofAIapplication”，可知自動(dòng)駕駛汽車是人工智能在交通領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用的例子，選C。翻譯題漢譯英1.中國(guó)有著悠久的歷史和燦爛的文化。Chinahasalonghistoryandsplendidculture.分析：“悠久的歷史”翻譯為“alonghistory”，“燦爛的文化”是“splendidculture”，句子結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單直接，按照中文語(yǔ)序進(jìn)行翻譯即可。2.隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，人們的生活水平有了顯著提高。Withthedevelopmentoftheeconomy,people'slivingstandardshaveimprovedsignificantly.分析：“隨著……的發(fā)展”用“Withthedevelopmentof...”表達(dá)；“生活水平”是“l(fā)ivingstandards”；“顯著提高”翻譯為“haveimprovedsignificantly”，使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)體現(xiàn)從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在的變化。3.教育是國(guó)家發(fā)展的基石。Educationisthecornerstoneofacountry'sdevelopment.分析：“基石”翻譯為“cornerstone”，“國(guó)家發(fā)展”是“acountry'sdevelopment”，整體句子是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，直接翻譯。4.我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)環(huán)境，為子孫后代創(chuàng)造一個(gè)美好的未來(lái)。Weshouldprotecttheenvironmentandcreateabetterfutureforfuturegenerations.分析：“應(yīng)該”用“should”；“保護(hù)環(huán)境”是“protecttheenvironment”；“為子孫后代”翻譯為“forfuturegenerations”；“創(chuàng)造一個(gè)美好的未來(lái)”是“createabetterfuture”。5.科技創(chuàng)新對(duì)社會(huì)進(jìn)步起著至關(guān)重要的作用。Technologicalinnovationplaysacrucialroleinsocialprogress.分析：“科技創(chuàng)新”是“technologicalinnovation”；“起著至關(guān)重要的作用”用“playacrucialrolein”表達(dá)；“社會(huì)進(jìn)步”是“socialprogress”。英譯漢1.Theimportanceofteamworkcannotbeoverstatedinachievingsuccess.團(tuán)隊(duì)合作在取得成功方面的重要性怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)都不為過(guò)。分析：“cannotbeoverstated”是固定表達(dá)，意為“怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)都不為過(guò)”；“teamwork”是“團(tuán)隊(duì)合作”；“achievingsuccess”是“取得成功”。2.Thecompanyiscommittedtoprovidinghigh-qualityproductsandexcellentcustomerservice.該公司致力于提供高質(zhì)量的產(chǎn)品和優(yōu)質(zhì)的客戶服務(wù)。分析：“becommittedto”意為“致力于”；“high-qualityproducts”是“高質(zhì)量的產(chǎn)品”；“excellentcustomerservice”是“優(yōu)質(zhì)的客戶服務(wù)”。3.Therapiddevelopmentoftechnologyhaschangedourlivesinmanyways.科技的快速發(fā)展在很多方面改變了我們的生活。分析：“Therapiddevelopmentoftechnology”是“科技的快速發(fā)展”；“inmanyways”表示“在很多方面”。4.Weneedtotakeimmediateactiontoaddresstheenvironmentalissues.我們需要立即采取行動(dòng)來(lái)解決環(huán)境問(wèn)題。分析：“takeimmediateaction”是“立即采取行動(dòng)”；“addresstheenvironmentalissues”是“解決環(huán)境問(wèn)題”。5.Theculturalexchangebetweendifferentcountriescanpromotemutualunderstandingandfriendship.不同國(guó)家之間的文化交流可以促進(jìn)相互理解和友誼。分析：“culturalexchange”是“文化交流”；“mutualunderstanding”是“相互理解”。寫作題題目：Writeanessayontheimportanceoflifelonglearninginthe21stcentury.Inthe21stcentury,thepaceofchangeisacceleratingatanunprecedentedrate.Newtechnologiesareemergingeveryday,andtheknowledgeandskillsthatwererelevantyesterdaymaybecomeobsoletetomorrow.Inthiscontext,lifelonglearninghasbecomenotonlyanecessitybutalsoakeytosuccess.Lifelonglearninghelpsindividualsadapttothechangingjobmarket.Withtherapiddevelopmentofautomationandartificialintelligence,manytraditionaljobsarebeingreplaced.Workersneedtocontinuouslyupdatetheirskillstoremaincompetitive.Forexample,afactoryworkerwhoonceonlyneededtooperatesimplemachinesmaynowneedtolearnprogrammingandroboticstokeeptheirjob.Byengaginginlifelonglearning,peoplecanacquirenewskillsandknowledge,makingthemmoreadaptabletothedynamicjobmarket.Moreover,lifelonglearningenrichesindividuals'personallives.Learningisnotjustaboutgettingabetterjob;itisalsoaboutpersonalgrowthandself-fulfillment.Peoplecanexplorenewinterestsandhobbiesthroughlearning.Forinstance,onecanlearnanewlanguage,studyarthistory,ortakeupamusicalinstrument.Theseactivitiescanbringjoyandsatisfaction,andbroadenone'sperspectiveontheworld.Inaddition,lifelonglearningcontributestosocialprogress.Whenindividualscontinuouslylearnandimprovethemselves,theycanmakegreatercontributionstosociety.Well-educatedandskilledpeoplearemorelikelytocomeupwithinnovativeideasandsolutionstosocialproblems.Forexample,inthefieldofenvironmentalprotection,peoplewithin-depthknowledgecandevelopmoreeffectivestrategiestocombatpollutionandclimatechange.Inconclusion,lifelonglearningisofutmostimportanceinthe21stcentury.Itenablesindividualstoadapttothechangingjobmarket,enrichestheirpersonallives,andpromotessocialprogress.Therefore,weshouldallembracetheconceptoflifelonglearningandmakeitapartofourlives.分析：文章開(kāi)篇指出21世紀(jì)變化速度加快，引出終身學(xué)習(xí)的必要性。接著從適應(yīng)就業(yè)市場(chǎng)、豐富個(gè)人生活、促進(jìn)社會(huì)進(jìn)步三個(gè)方面闡述終身學(xué)習(xí)的重要性，并分別舉例說(shuō)明。最后總結(jié)全文，強(qiáng)調(diào)終身學(xué)習(xí)的重要性并呼吁大家接受終身學(xué)習(xí)的理念。改錯(cuò)題1.Thebook,thatIboughtyesterday,isveryinteresting.錯(cuò)誤點(diǎn)：“that”使用錯(cuò)誤。在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中，不能用“that”引導(dǎo)，應(yīng)將“that”改為“which”。改正后：Thebook,whichIboughtyesterday,isveryinteresting.2.Heisoneofthestudentswhowaspraisedbytheteacher.錯(cuò)誤點(diǎn)：“was”使用錯(cuò)誤。“oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語(yǔ)從句”中，定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要和復(fù)數(shù)名詞保持一致，所以應(yīng)將“was”改為“were”。改正后：Heisoneofthestudentswhowerepraisedbytheteacher.3.Ihaveseenthisfilmtwoweeksago.錯(cuò)誤點(diǎn)：“haveseen”和“twoweeksago”搭配錯(cuò)誤。“twoweeksago”是過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，應(yīng)使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，將“haveseen”改為“saw”。改正后：Isawthisfilmtwoweeksago.4.Thenumberofpeoplewhoowncarsareincreasing.錯(cuò)誤點(diǎn)：“are”使用錯(cuò)誤。“thenumberof”表示“……的數(shù)量”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，應(yīng)將“are”改為“is”。改正后：Thenumberofpeoplewhoowncarsisincreasing.5.Shesuggestedthatwewillgotherebybike.錯(cuò)誤點(diǎn)：“will”使用錯(cuò)誤。“suggest”表示“建議”時(shí)，后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，“should”可以省略，應(yīng)將“will”改為“(should)go”。改正后：Shesuggestedthatwe(should)gotherebybike.簡(jiǎn)答題1.Whatarethemainfactorsthataffectlanguagetranslation?Answer:Thereareseveralmainfactorsthataffectlanguagetranslation.Firstly,culturaldifferencesplayacrucialrole.Differentcultureshavedifferentvalues,beliefs,andsocialnorms,whicharereflectedinthelanguage.Forexample,somewordsorexpressionsmayhavespecificculturalconnotationsinonelanguagebutnodirectequivalentinanother.Secondly,thecontextofthetextisimportant.Themeaningofawordorsentencecanvarydependingonthecontextinwhichitisused.Atranslatorneedstounderstandtheoverallcontexttotranslateaccurately.Thirdly,thepurposeoftranslationalsomatters.Ifitisforatechnicalmanual,thetranslationshouldbeaccurateandprecise.Ifitisforaliterarywork,thetranslatormayneedtopaymoreattentiontothestyleandaesthetics.2.Howcanatranslatorimprovetheirtranslationskills?Answer:Atranslatorcanimprovetheirtranslationskillsinseveralways.Firstly,theyshouldexpandtheirlanguageknowledge.Thisincludeslearningnewwords,grammar,andidiomaticexpressionsinboththesourceandtargetlanguages.Readingwidelyindifferentgenrescanhelpwiththis.Secondly,theyneedtopracticetranslationregularly.Bytranslatingvarioustypesoftexts,theycangainmoreexperienceandimprovetheirproficiency.Thirdly,atranslatorshouldstudydifferentcultures.Understandingtheculturalbackgroundofthelanguagescanhelpthemavoidculturalmisunderstandingsintranslation.Additionally,gettingfeedbackfromothers,suchasmoreexperiencedtranslatorsorclients,canalsohelpidentifyareasforimprovement.3.Whatarethedifferencesbetweenliteraltranslationandfreetranslation?Answer:Literaltranslationisamethodthattranslateswordsandsentencesword-for-word,followingtheoriginalstructureandformascloselyaspossible.Itissuitablefortechnicalandscientifictextswhereaccuracyisofutmostimportance.Forexample,intranslatingamathematicalformulaoralegaldocument,literaltranslationcanensuretheprecisionoftheinformation.Freetranslation,ontheotherhand,focusesmoreonconveyingtheoverallmeaningandspiritoftheoriginaltext.Itmayadjustthestructure,addoromitsomewordsaccordingtothecontextandthetargetlanguage'sexpressionhabits.Itisoftenusedinliterarytranslationtomaintainthestyleandbeautyoftheoriginal