專升本英語（閱讀）模擬試卷126

一、閱讀理解（本題共25題，每題7.0分，共25分。）

Largecompaniesneedawaytoreachthesavingofthepublicatlarge.Thesame

problem,onasmallerscale,facespracticallyeverycompanytryingtodevelopnew

productsandcreatenewjobs.Therecanbelittleprospectofraisingthesortofsums

neededfromfriendsandpeopleweknow,andwhilebanksmayagreetoprovideshort-

termfinance,theyaregenerallyunwillingtoprovidemoneyonapermanentbasisfor

long-termprojects.Socompaniesturntothepublic,invitingpeopletolendthemmoney,

ortakeashareinthebusinessinexchangeforashareinfutureprofits.Thistheydoby

issuingstocksandsharesinthebusinessthroughTheStockExchange.Bydoingsothey

canputintocirculationthesavingofindividualsandinstitutions,bothathomeand

overseas.Whenthesaverneedshismoneyback,hedoesnothavetogotothecompany

withwhomheoriginallyplacedit.Instead,hesellshissharesthroughastockbrokerto

someothersaverwhoisseekingtoinvesthismoney.Manyoftheservicesneededboth

byindustryandbyeachofusareprovidedbytheGovernmentorbylocalauthorities.

Withouthospitals,roads,electricity,telephones,railways,thiscountrycouldnotfunction.

Alltheserequirecontinuousspendingonnewequipmentandnewdevelopmentifthey

arctoserveusproperly,inquiringmoremoneythanisraisedthroughtaxesalone.The

government,localauthorities,andnationalizedindustriesthereforefrequentlyneedto

borrowmoneytofinancemajorcapitalspending,andthey,too,cometoTheStock

Exchange.Thereishardlyamanorwomaninthiscountrywhosejoborwhosestandard

oflivingdoesnotdependontheabilityofhisorheremployerstoraisemoneytofinance

newdevelopment.Inonewayoranother,thisnewmoneymustcomefromthesavingsof

thecountry.TheStockExchangeexiststoprovideachannelthroughwhichthesesavings

canreachthosewhoneedfinance.

1、Almostallcompaniesinvolvedinnewproductionanddevelopmentmust.

A^relyontheirownfinancialresources

B、persuadethebankstoprovidelong-termfinance

C、borrowlargesumsofmoneyfromfriendsandpeopletheyknow

D、dependonthepopulationasawholeforfinance

標準答案：D

知識點解析：文章第一段中“Socompaniesturntothepublic,invitingpeopletolend

themmoney,ortakeashareinthebusinessinexchangeforashareinfutureprofits.”

文章中的“tumto”“l(fā)cnd''和選項中的D4tdcpcndon,forfinance”同義替換。

2、Themoneywhichenablesthesecompaniestogoaheadwiththeirprojectsis.

A、repaidtoitsoriginalownersassoonaspossible

BNraisedbythesellingofsharesinthecompanies

C、exchangedforpartownershipinTheStockExchange

D^investedindifferentcompaniesonTheStockExchange

標準答案：B

知識點解析：文章第一段末尾“Thistheydobyissuingstocksandsharesinthe

businessthroughTheStockExchange.Bydoingsotheycanputintocirculationthe

savingofindividualsandinstitutions,bothathomeandoverseas.”故選B。

3、Whenthesaverswanttheirmoneybackthey.

A^askanothercompanytoobtaintheirmoneyforthem

B、lookforotherpeopletoborrowmoneyfrom

C^puttheirsharesinthecompanybackonthemarket

D^transfertheirmoneytomoresuccessfulcompany

標準答案：C

知識點解析:第二段第二句"hesellshissharesthroughastockbrokertosomeother

saverwhoisseekingtoinvesthismoney.”故選Co

4、Alltheessentialservicesonwhichwedependare.

A、runbytheGovernmentorourlocalauthorities

B、inconstantneedoffinancialsupport

C、financedwhollybyratesandtaxes

D、unabletoprovidefortheneedsofthepopulation

標準答案：B

知識點解析：從文章第三段“Alltheserequirecontinuousspendingonnewequipment

andnewdevelopmentiftheyaretoserveusproperly,requiringmoremoneythanis

raisedthroughtaxesalone.”文中“requiringmoremoney”與選項中B的“inconstant

needoffinancialsupport”同義替換。

5、TheStockExchangemakesitpossiblefortheGovernment,localauthoritiesand

nationalizedindustries.

ANtoborrowasmuchmoneyastheywish

B、tomakecertaineverybodysavesmoney

C^toraisemoneytofinancenewdevelopments

D、tomakecertaineverybodylendsmoneytothem

標準答案：C

知識點解析：文章第四段第一句"Thereishardlyamanorwomaninthiscountry

whosejoborwhosestandardoflivingdoesnotdependontheabilityofhisorher

employerstoraisemoneytofinancenewdevelopment.'"故C正確。

Thereisapopularbeliefamongparentsthatschoolsarcnolongerinterestedinspelling.

NoschoolIhavetaughtinhaseverignoredspellingorconsidereditunimportantasa

basicskill.Thereare,hov/ever,vastlydifferentideasabouthowtoteachit,orhowmuch

prioritizeitmustbegivenovergenerallanguagedevelopmentandwritingability.The

problemis,howtoencourageachildtoexpresshimselffreelyandconfidentlyinwriting

withoutholdinghimbackwiththecomplexitiesofspelling.Ifspellingbecomestheonly

focalpointofhisteacher'sinterest,clearlyabrightchildwillbelikelyto"playsafe".He

willtendtowriteonlywordswithinhisspellingrange,choosingtoavoidadventurous

language.That'swhyteachersoftenencouragetheearlyuseofdictionariesandpay

attentiontocontentratherthantechnicalability.Iwasonceshockedtoreadonthe

bottomofasensitivepieceofwritingaboutapersonalexperience:"Thisworkisterrible!

Therearcfartoomanyspellingerrorsandyourwritingisillegible（難以辨認的）Itmay

havebeenasharpcriticismofthepupil'stechnicalabilitiesinwriting,butitwasalsoa

sadreflectionontheteacherwhohadomittedtoreadtheessay,whichcontainedsome

beautifulexpressionsofthechild'sdeepfeelings.Theteacherwasnotwrongtodraw

attentiontotheerrors,butifhisprioritieshadcenteredonthechild'sideas,anexpression

ofhisdisappointmentwiththepresentationwouldhavegiventhepupilmoremotivation

toseekimprovement.

6、Teachersaredifferentintheiropinionsabout.

A^thedifficultiesinteachingspelling

B、theroleofspellingingenerallanguagedevelopment

C、thecomplexitiesofthebasicspellingskills

D^thenecessityofteachingspelling

標準答案：B

知識點解析：文章第—'段中提至IITherearc,however,vastlydifferentideasabout

howtoteachit,orhowmuchprioritize（優(yōu)先）itmustbegivenovergenerallanguage

developmentandwritingability,故選B。

7、Theexpression"playsafe"probablymeans.

A^towritecarefully

B、todoasteacherssay

C、tousedictionariesfrequently

D^toavoidusingwordsoneisnotsureof

標準答案：D

知識點解析：文中對playsafe進行了解釋，即Hewilltendtowriteonlywords

withinhisspellingrange,choosingtoavoidadventurouslanguage.與D答案相符。

8、Teachersencouragetheuseofdictionariessothat.

A、studentswillbeabletoexpresstheirideasmorefreely

B、teacherswillhavelesstroubleincorrectingmistakes

CNstudentswillhavemoreconfidenceinwriting

D、studentswilllearntobeindependentofteachers

標準答案：A

知識點解析：文章第一段的末尾Theproblemis,howtoencourageachildtoexpress

himselffreelyandconfidentlyinwritingwithoutholdinghimbackwiththecomplexities

ofspeHing?而后作者又提至I」，That,swhyteachersoftenencouragetheearlyuseof

dictionariesandpayattentiontocontentratherthantechnicalability.可知A是正確答

案。

9、Thewriterseemstothinkthattheteacher'sjudgmentonthatsensitivepieceof

writingis.

A^reasonable

B、unfair

C、foolish

D、careless

標準答案：B

知識點解析：從第三段末尾來看Theteacherwasnotwrongtodrawattentiontothe

errors,butifhisprioritieshadcenteredonthechild'sideas?在這里關鍵是讀出but的

語義轉折及后面的虛擬。由此可知教師的評語是不太公平的。

10、Themajorpointdiscussedinthepassageis.

A^theimportanceofdevelopingspellingskills

B>thecomplexitiesofspelling

C、thecorrectwayofmarkingcompositions

D、therelationshipbetweenspellingandthecontentofacomposition

標準答案：A

知識點解析：文章開始表明了拼寫現象被忽視，而后又列舉了拼寫所造成的問題。

故作者主張重視拼寫技能。

Treesshouldonlybeprunedwhenthereisagoodandclearreasonfordoingsoand,

fortunately,thenumberofsuchreasonsissmall.Pruninginvolvesthecuttingawayof

overgrownandunwantedbranches,andtheinexperiencedgardenercanbeencouragedby

thethoughtthatmoredamageresultsfromdoingitunnecessarilythanfromleavingthe

treetogrowinitsownway.Firstly,pruningmaybedonetomakesurethattreeshavea

desiredshapeorsize.Theobjectmaybetogetatreeoftherightheight,andatthesame

timetohelpthegrowthofsmallsidebrancheswhichwillthickenitsappearanceorgiveit

aspecialshape.Secondly,pruningmaybedonetomakethetreehealthier.Youmaycut

outdiseasedordeadwood,orbranchesthatarcrubbingagainsteachotherandthus

causingwounds.Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremovingbranchesthatarc

blockingupthecenterandsopreventingthefreemovementofair.Oneresultofpruning

isthatanopenwoundisleftonthetreeandthisprovidesaneasyentryfordisease,butit

isawoundthatwillheal.Oftenthereisaracebetweenthehealingandthediseaseasto

whetherthetreewillliveordie,sothatthereisaperiodwhenthetreeisatrisk.Itshould

betheaimofeverygardenertoreducethatriskofdeathasfaraspossible.Itisessential

tomaketheareawhichhasbeenprunedsmoothandclear,fbrhealingwillbeslowed

downbyroughness.Youshouldallowthecutsurfacetodryforafewhoursandthen

paintitwithoneofthesubstancesavailablefromgardenshopsproducedespeciallytbr

thispurpose.Pruningisusuallydoneinwinter,lorthenyoucanseetheshapeofthetree

clearlywithoutinterferencefromtheleavesanditis,too,veryunlikelythatthecutsyou

makewillbleed,ifthisdoeshappen,itis,ofcourse,impossibletopaintthemproperly.

11、Pruningissometimesdoneto.

A、allowthetreetogrowinitsownway

getridofsmallbranches

C、improvetheshapeofthetree

D^letthetreegrowtaller

標準答案：C

知識點解析：文章第二段第一句話Firsily,pruningmaybedonetomakesurethat

treeshaveadesiredshapeorsize.可知C是正確答案。

12>Treeswillbecomeunhealthywhen.

A、toomanybranchesgrowinthemiddle

branchesinthemiddlearecutaway

C、smallsidebranchesbecomethick

D、overgrownbranchesareremoved

標準答案：A

知識點解析：第二段結尾Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremoving

branchesthatareblockingupthecenterandsopreventingthefreemovemenlofair.文

中的center與選項中inthemiddle同義替換。

13、Aspecialsubstanceispaintedonthecutsurfaceofthetree.

A、topreventthebleedingoftheliquid

B、topreventdiseasefromenteringthewound

C、tohelpthewounddryquickly

D、toremedytheroughnessofthewound

標準答案：B

知識點解析：文章第四段開頭Youshouldallowthecutsurfacetodryforafewhours

andthenpaintitwithoneofthesubstancesavailablefromgardenshopsproduced

especiallyforthispurpose.此題的關鍵是讀出forthispurpose指彳?的是什么。垢合

第三段的內容可知thispurpose指的就是preventdisease。故選B。

14、Agoodgardenerprunesatree.

A^atintervalsthroughouttheyear

B、regularlyeverywinter

C、onlywhennecessary

D^onceeveryyear

標準答案：C

知識點解析：文章開頭Treesshouldonlybeprunedwhenthereisagoodandclear

reasonfordoingso.文中用only表示強調，故選C。

15、Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?

A、Todescribetheadvantagesofpiuning.

B、Togiveageneraldescriptionofpruning.

C>Todiscussdifferentmethodsofpruning.

D、Toexplainthereasonsforpruning.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：文章開頭提出中心，而后解釋了兩種情況下可剪除樹枝，最后提出修

剪的方法。故選D。

Compulsiveshoppersmayhaveanewpsychologicalexcusetoblamefortheirwild

shopping.PsychologistsattheUniversityofCanterburyinNewZealandarestudyingthe

"shop-till-you-drop"habitasabehavioraldisordersimilartocompulsiveeating.

Compulsiveshoppersfrequentlybuymorethantheycanaffordormorethantheyneed,

anditcausesthemdistress."Itbecomesaproblemwhenyouareoutofcontrol,"

psychologylecturerNevilleBlampiedsaid."Whenyouarefeelingbadandblue,whatdo

youdo?Somepeopleeatchocolatecakeandicecream.Somepeopletakeihecreditcard

andgoouttotheshop."Bankmanagersunderstandtheproblembecausetheyhaveto

dealwithpeoplewhohavetobepersuadedtostopusingtheircardsdrawingmoney.

Compulsiveshoppingwasfirstdiscoveredin1915,althoughitwasthenknownas

onioniania.Fewstudieshavebeendoneontheproblem.Anadvertisementina

Christchurchpaper,callingforpeopletotakepartinanexperimentaltreatmentprogram

designedbyMrWilson,attracted10replies.Buttheproblem,saidMrWilson,is"clearly

notrare'1.Hethinksthatcompulsiveshoppingshouldbetreatedwithdrugs.*'As

psychologistsweareinterestedinnon-drugtreatmentsforbehavioraldifficulties,"Mr

Wilsonsaid.Theaimofthetreatmentwastohelppeoplefindbetterwaysofmanaging

theiremotions.Theprogram,consistingof10one-hourweeklylessonsandtwofollow-

uptreatments,islooselybasedonteachingstressmanagement."Youoftenhavetostart

togetpeopletocorrectlyrecognizetheiremotions.Notbeingabletoknowwhatyou

reallyfeelweakensyourabilitytosolvetheproblemsconnectedwithwhat'smakingyou

feelthatway,"MrWilsonsaid.

16>Whatisthisarticlemostlyabout?

A、Signsofcompulsiveshopping.

B、Studiesofcompulsiveshopping.

C、Comparisonofcompulsiveshoppingandcompulsiveeating.

D、AnexperimentaltreatmentprogramdesignedbyMrWilson.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：本題的命題意圖是檢測學生對全文主旨的概括能力。全文講述的是關

于“強迫性購物及其治療方法的研究”，故選B。

17、Thecompulsiveshopperswillgoshoppingwhen.

A、theyhavelotsofmoney

B、theyaretakingdrugs

C^theyarefeelingsad

D、theywinaprize

標準答案：C

知識點解析：細節(jié)考/題。由第二段“Whenyouarefeelingbadandblue,whatdo

youdo?...Somepeopletakethecreditcardandgoouttotheshop.”即可得到答案。

18、Theunderlinedword"it"inthefirstparagraphmostprobablyrefersto.

A、compulsiveeating

B>anewpsychologicalexcuse

C>thestudydonebyBlampied

D^thebehaviorofwildshopping

標準答案：D

知識點解析：此處的it實際上是指“Compulsiveshoppersfrequentlybuymorethan

theycanaffordormorethantheyneed”這一狀況。

19、Whichofthefollowingisconsideredimportantintreatingcompulsiveshoppers?

A^Teachingthemtomanagetheirmoneybetter.

B>leachingthemtounderstandtheiremotions.

C^Persuadingthemnottodrawmoneyfromthebank.

D^Treatingthemwithrightdrugs.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：由倒數第二段第一句可知治療的目的是為了幫助人們尋找控制他們情

緒的最好的辦法，即心病還須心藥醫(yī)。

20、Howlongwillthetreatmentprogramlast?

A、Tenhours.

B、Oneweek.

C、Tendays.

D、Tenweeks.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：根據第五段“Theprogram,consistingof10one—hourweekly

lessons”，可推知每周一小時的課程，共10小時，故應該持續(xù)10周，因此選D。

ThenorthAustraliancityonDarwinwasdevastatedbyastrongcycloneonChristmas

Day.Thedeathanddestructionwasduealmostasmuchtohumanfactorsastothe

violenceofthewind.PeopleinDarwinhadbecomesoaccustomedtocyclonewarnings

thatfewofthempaidanentioniotheradiowarningsofCycloneTracyapproach,which

beganearlyonChristmasEve.Manypeople,infact,diedintheircarsastheytriedto

drivehomethroughthecyclonefromChristmaspartiesorsocialcalls.SinceTownsville

wasdevastatedbyacycloneinDecember1971,theweatherauthoritieshaveregularly

issuedalarmsofeverydangerouscyclone.Butbecausefewofthecycloneseverhitthe

coastaltowns,peopletherehadcometoignorethewarnings.Darwin'slastalertwas

broadcastonlytwoweeksbeforeCycloneTracy.Onthatoccasionthestormchanged

directionandheadedoffharmlesslydownthecoast.Apartfromthosepeoplekilledin

theircars,nearlyalltheothervictimsdiedinthedamageoftheirhomeswhich,despite

thefactthatDarwinliesintherecognizedcyclonebelt,hadnotbeenbuilttowithstand

cyclonicwinds.AlthoughbuildingstandardsinotherstatesofAustraliaweremademuch

stricterafterthetragedyalTownsville,theDarwinauthoritiesneverfollowedthenew

regulations.ConsequentlymostofsuburbanDarwinwasbuiltoflightwoodandiron

raisedoffthegroundonpilestogivecoolnessinthetropicalclimate.Andthesidesofthe

housesweresimplynailedtotheroofinsteadofbeingfirmlyattachedwithwhat

Australianbuilderscall"cyclonebolts".Asaresult,manypeoplewerekilledbyflying

sheetsofironfromtheroofs.

21、TheinhabitantsofDarwinignoredthecyclonewarningbecause.

A、itwasChristmasEve

B、Darwindoesnotlieinthecyclon