人教版課程標準實驗教材（英語選修7第5單元）

第5單元

1kind:"this/thatkind/sort/typeof+單數或復數名詞”做

主語時，其謂語動詞一般用單數形式，而在比較正式的用語中，復數

名詞可放在前面，即：單/復數名詞+of+this/kind,這時謂語動詞由

名詞的數來決定，因為此時名詞已成為中心詞。

Thiskindofquestionsisverydifficulttoanswer.=Questi

onsofthiskindareverydifficulttoanswer.

Thatkindofshoesisfashionable.=Shoesofthatkindare

fashionable.

表示數量的短語：

agreatdealof/anamountof"大量的"，后加不可數名詞

（agood/greatmany}anumberof"大量的"只修飾可數名詞

alotof/plentyof/aquantityof許多/therest”剩余

的”口即可修飾可數名詞也可修飾不可數名詞。

Quantitiesoffoodweresuppliedtotheareaofbeingflood

ed.

Alargequantityofbeerhasbeensold.

2.by（1）在近處（位置）Hewouldstandbythewindowfora

fewhours.

（2）（示移動方向）沿，經，由，從旁邊經過Ipassedbymewi

thoutnoticingme.

Igothehouseeveryday.

(3)不遲于，在…以前

Willyoufinishthetaskbytomorrow?Bythistimetomo

rrowhewillbehere.

(4)(表示方法、手段)由，靠，通過Theyintendedtoleave

bythefirsttrain.

(5)相差(數目或程度)Hishorsewonbyanoise.…以僅有的

一點優勢…

Iwaslatebytenminutes.

(6)表示大小，次第，逐一Thestudentsentered2by2.

Timewentbylittlebylittle.

(7)(表示關系)就…來說HeisanEnglishmanbybirth.Shei

sadoctorbyprofession.職業醫生

相關短語bydoingsth通過做某事(來達到目的)littlebylit

tie一點一點，逐漸地，慢慢地

bythetime到那時為止byair/sea/land/car/bus/bike/plan

e乘…bymeansof用，依靠

bytheway順便問一下bythehour/theweek/theyear以小

時、周、年來記報酬

callsbbyname叫某人的名字knowsbbyname知道某人的名

字byfar…得多，最…

daybyday日復一日byoneself獨自byhand用手bymist

ake弄錯

3doyouthink常做插入語，句子以特殊問詞開頭，且用陳述語序

Whatdoyouthinkheraddressis?(1)類似的用法：doyo

ubelieve,doyouimagine,doyouexpect等，但doyouknow

無此用法。

(2)表示“相信，認為”的結構，常用Ithink/suppose/expec

t/imagine/hope…so.

Isuppose/expect/hope/guess/believenot.Idon't

thinkso.

(3)否定轉移結構：think,believe,suppose,expect,feel,

imagine等

Idon,tthinkhewillcomeheretoday.Hedoesn,tfe

elhecanstanditmuchlonger.

反義疑問句：若主語是第一人稱，謂語動詞是think,believe,s

uppose等時，反義問句的謂語動詞及主語要與從句保持一致。Ido

n'tthinkheisserious,?

Hedoesn'tfeelitiswisetogiveachildwhateverhewan

t,?

例：I'msureyou'drathershewenttoschoolbybus,?

Ahadn,tyouBwouldn'tyouCaren,tIDdidn,tshe

4adjust(1)調節/調整(使適合)Imustadjustmywatch;it's

slow.Yourcollarneedadjusting.整理

(2)使適應/適應Ittookherquitealongtimetoadjustt

olivingaloneinaforeigncountry.

近義詞：adaptto

其中to是介詞，后接v-ing形式

類似的短語：devote…to/bedevotedto,makecontributions

to,be/getusedto,beaccustomedto,lookforwardto,p

ayattentionto,getdownto,leadto,stickto,objectt

o,inadditionto,onthewayto,turnto,belongto,re

plyto,seeto(負責，照看)等

5experience(1)(U)經驗Mikeisamanofmuch/richexpe

rience.

MrBlack,afriendofmyfather's,isateacherwith30

years'experience.

(2)(C)經歷，閱歷Ourjourneybycamelwasanunforgettab

leexperience.

(3)V經歷，感受Ihaveexperiencedwhathardshipmeans.

我體驗過艱苦生活。

Ourcountryhasexperiencedgreatchangesinthelast30

years.

experienced有經驗的，educated受過教育的，skilled技術熟

練的experiment實驗

6board(1)VYou'dbetterboardthetrainnow.It'stime

toleave.

(2)V食宿I'mboardingwithafriend.我和一個朋友一塊住。

(3)n長薄且扁平的木板(常用于合成詞)blackboardnotice

boardchessboard

(4)n膳食費用Ipaid$10aweekforboardandlodging.

我每周付10元的食宿費。

詞組：onboard在船上，在飛機上

boardingcard登船(機)票/證boardinghouse供食宿的宿

舍

7(1)It/That/Thisis/wasthefirst/secondtimethat….

后接完成時從句。

ItisthefirsttimethatIhavecometoBeijing.Thatw

asthelasttimethatIhadbeenthere.

(2)Itis(high)timethat后接虛擬語氣(一般為過去時)It

istimethatIgotup/wenthome.

(3)forthefirsttime(用做時間狀語)與thefirsttime

(用做連詞，來引導從句)

Icametohisofficeforthefirsttime.Thefirsttime

hesawher,hefellinlovewithher.

8dream(1)(n)夢想，夢Hehadadreamofbeingateach

er.

(2)v常與of/about連用Hehadeverdreamedofbecomin

gafamousactor.

(3)dreamastrangedream同源賓語liveahappylife

9expect(1)v預料，期待，預期Iexpectthathewillpass

theexamination.

Heexpectstofailtheexamination.他料想無法通過考試。

(2)v期望、盼望某事，尤指好事發生，常用于進行時態。

I'mexpectingaletter.(等)I'mexpectingJohnanymi

nutenow.我現在時時刻刻在等著…

(3"以為，認為“相當于supposeIexpectitwasthecat

thatbrokethecup.

expected(adj)預料之中的unexpected(adj)未預料到的

expectation(n)預期

指點迷津：(1)hope表示“祝愿，愿望”不可接復合賓語或雙賓

語

hopesbsth()hopesbtodosth

(2)wish愿望實現的可能不大，常用虛擬語氣。可以說wishsb-

或wishsbtodosth

(3)expect“期待”，確信某事必將發生。多用于好的事物expec

tsbtodosth

expecttoomuchofsb對某人期望過高onlytobeexpe

cted可能發生，相當正常

(4)lookforwardto"期待，盼望"其中to為介詞

Whenheturnedprofessionalattheageof11,Mike_tobee

omeaworldchampionbyhiscoachandparents.Aexpected

BwasexpectingCwasexpectedDwouldbeexpected

10lecture(1)講課，上課nMrSmithgaveusaninterestin

glecture.

(2)做演講，講課ProfessorZhangisnotlecturingthister

m.

(3)(因某事)斥責或告誡某人Dostoplecturingme!別教訓

我了。

alecturetour巡回演講givesbalecture訓斥某人give

alecture講課

deliveralecture上課lecturesbfor/aboutsth因某

事斥責或告誡某人

11.qualification(n)

(1)考試及格證書，執照Hehasgotamedicalqualificatio

n.他已取得醫學資格證。

(2)資格(常用復數)Hehastherightqualificationsfor

thejob.

qualify(v)取得資格，修飾，限制qualified合格的qual

ity品質，素質quantity數量

12prepare:preparesthpreparesbforsthpreparef

orsthbe(well)preparedforsth

preparetodosthinpreparationmakepreparations

for

13before(1)prep在。??前面Hestoodbeforeher.

(2)prep(表示時間)在…以前Pleasecomebefore10o'cl

ock.

(3)adv以前Ihaveneverseenhimbefore.

(4)conj在。??之前Wedowanttobuysomethingbeforeprice

sgoup.

longbefore不久以后longbefore很久以前Itwon't

belongbefore…不久就…

Adozenideaswereconsidered_thechiefarchitectdecid

edonthedesignofthebuilding.

AbecauseBbeforeCwhetherDunless

14recommend(1)“推薦，贊許,稱贊”常與介詞to,for,as

連用recommendation(n)

Canyourecommendagooddictionarytome?

Theyrecommendhimforthejob/asagoodlawyer.

(2)“勸告，建議”后接doing,不接不定式，和可接復合賓

語，或接虛擬語氣從句。

J①recommenddoingHerecommendabook

onEnglistrstudytome.

recommend②recommendsbtodosth

③recommendthat從句(用虛擬語氣)

Irecommendbuyingthisdictionary.

Thedoctorrecommendhispatienttogooutforawalk.

Theteacherrecommendedthateveryone(should)takeanac

tivepartintheEnglishparty.

相關用法：(1)advisesbtodosthallowsbtodosthpe

rmitsbtodosthforbidsbtodosth

advisingdoingallowingdoingpermitdoingforbiddoin

gsuggestdoing

(2)后接賓語從句常用虛擬語氣的詞：advise,suggest,deman

d,desire,insist(堅持做)，order,require,command,ur

ge,recommend等

15host(1)(n)(待客的)主人Iwasawaysomysonactedas

host.Beijingisthehostof…

(2)n(電視節目等)主持人ThehostontonightJsshowisMa

xAstor.hostess女主(持)人

(v)主持，主辦某項活動Beijinghasgottheopportunityto

hostthe2008OlympicGames.

16live(1)vi"活，生存"Thedoctorsdon,tthinkhewill

livethroughthenight.

(2)vi"居住"Wheredoyoulive?

(3)vt相當于lead“過■樣的生活"Nowpeopleinourcou

ntryarelivingahappylife.

(4)adj"活的"一般用來指動物Hecaughtsomelivefish

withnotools.

(5)adj"現場直播的"TheCCTVmadealivecoverageofth

eWorldCup.

短語：livewith忍受，和起住liveon靠…生活/生存liv

eupto遵守，達到符合，不辜負(他人的期望)livet

hrough度過，經歷(災難或其他困境)而幸存

17comfort(1)U舒適，身體健康Theydideverythingforo

urcomfort.…盡力使我們舒適。

Herchildrenareagreatcomfortforher.

(2)幫助，安慰，仁愛Thenewsbroughtcomforttoallofu

s.…給大家帶來了安慰。

(3)vThechildrantoitsmothertobecomforted.以求安

慰。

Hetriedtocomfortherbytellingherthateverything

wouldbeallright.

comfortable安逸的，舒適的comfortless無安慰的，不舒適的

comforter安慰者，羊毛圍巾

18substitute(n)(1)“代替，替換”，后常與for連用

Honeycanbeusedasasubstituteforsugar.

Heisasubstituteplayerontheteam.他是替補隊員。

(2)“用…代替"，后接forWesubstitutedpotatoesf

orrice.…用土豆代替米飯。

Wemustsubstituteanewchairforthebrokenone.

短語：substitutesthforsth某人代替某人substitutes

bforsb某物代替某物

replacesthwithsth用某物代替某物changesthforsth

用某物替換某物

taketheplaceof代替takeone'splace代替inplaceo

f代替instead(of)代替，而不是

19help組成的詞組：helponeselftosth自取/隨便用…

can,thelpdoing情不自禁地做某事help(sb)o

ut幫助(某人)擺脫困境

cannothelpbutdo不得不做withthehelpof在…的

幫助下withone'shelp

20academic(1)adj”學院的，學校的“，常作定語。

TheacademicyearusuallystartsinSeptember.一學年通常

是從9月開始的。

(2)n大學講師，高等學校的學生HeisanacademicinOxfor

dUniversity.

academy學院，專科院校

21requirement(1)依賴或需要的事物，常用做復數。

Ourlatestmodelshouldmeetyourrequirementsexactly.

Ourimmediaterequirementisextrastaffs.我們急需額外的

工作人員。

(2)規定或要求的事物Notallvisitorssatisfythelegalen

tryrequirement.

不是所有的外賓都符合法律上的入境規定。

require(v)requiresbtodosth要求某人做某事

requirethat從句用虛擬語氣

Therequirementisthat…從句用虛擬語氣

Therequirementisthatalltheworkers(should)startto

workat7:30.

Hishealthrequiresthathe(should)gotobedearly.

22tutor(1)私人教師，家教，導師Atutortotaughtthechi

Idrenwhiletheywereinhospital.

(2)課本，特別指音樂課本Mysonhasgotaviolintutorfro

mschool.

(3)教，教某人Heoftentutorsachildofhisfriend'sf

oranexamination..

他經常輔導他朋友的孩子準備考試

(4)vt(control)控制，約束自己的感情Itisimportantt

otutoryourselftobepatient.

培養你的耐心是重要的。

短語：tutorsbinsth教某人某事tutorone'spassions

抑制某人的感情

tutoroneselftobepatient培養自己的耐心/耐性

23常見的強調句式：

(1)用do的某種形式，強調謂語。Dobecareful!.Hedoe

sworkhard.Ididtellyou.

(2)用only強調，特別用來強調狀語。Onlyinthiswaycan

youlearnEnglishwell.

(3)用just,right,very強調，強調名詞時一，注意與冠詞的位

置關系。

Heisjustthepersontofitthejob.Thisistherig

htbookIhavebeenlookingfor.

Heistheveryboywhowonthefirstprize.

(4)Itis/was+被強調的部分+that從句，強調人時可用who

24usedto過去常常，beusedtodo被用來做beusedto

doing習慣于

25takeup(1)占去時間/精力

Writingtakesupmostofhissparetime.Itwon't

takeupmuchtime.

(2)占據空間(面積)Thetabletakesuptoomuchroom.

(3)繼續，接下去I'11takeupthestorywhereIfinishe

dyesterday.

(4)開始從事Shetookuppaintingwhenshewasafive-ye

ar-oldgirl.

短語：takeback收回takein吸收，欺騙takeoff起飛，成

名，脫掉(衣服，鞋帽等)

take…forgranted認為…理所當然takeaway帶走take

down拆掉takeover接管

takeplace發生takeon呈現，雇傭takepartin參加tak

eiteasy別緊張

26num(adj)“失去感覺的，麻木的"常用比喻義。

Theshockleftmenum,我驚呆了。Shewasnumwithterr

or.她嚇得不能動了。

句中with用來表示原因，意為“因為，由于"Hetrembledwi

thfear.

Hisfingerswerenumwithcold.Hewasshakingwithlaug

hter.Herfacewasredwithcold.

Hisfaceturnedredwithembarrassment.I'11dowith

pleasure.

27concern(v)使人擔憂，煩惱Ourlossesarebeginningto

concernme.

beconcernedabout/for/over對。??擔憂beconcernedi

n與某事有牽連，對某事負責

beconcernedwith與。??有關

28confuse(v)使…混亂/糊涂/弄錯Iwasconfusedbythe

noisearound.

Herunexpectedarrivalconfusedallourplans.

Ialwaysconfusethetwinsisters.Theylooksoalike.

getconfused困惑不解，糊涂的confusing莫名其妙的，

難以理解的confusion迷惑

29lack(n&V)(1)“沒有，缺乏”常與of連用

Theplantsdiedforlackofwater.Theprojectwasaba

ndonedforlackofmoney.

(2)Vt“缺乏，沒有"直接加賓語Welackknowledgeandsk

ill.

Hisparentslackthemoneytosendhimtouniversity.

forlackof因缺乏…havenolackof不缺乏….lackfor

nothing一無所缺

belackingin缺乏

30improve(1)(vt)使變好，使改善IwanttoimprovemyE

nglish.

(2)變好，改善IthinkyourEnglishisimproving.

Hishealthisimproving.=Heisimprovinginhealth.

improvement改善，改進，增進

31appear(vi)出現，出版，到場Thatthepopsingerappe

aredmadehisfanscrazy.

IfIfailtoappearbyseveno'clockIwillnotcomea

tall.

(2)看起來，似乎Heappearstowanttoleaveasearlyas

possible.

Itappearsthathewillwin.=Itappearsasif/asthou

ghhewillwin.

todoHeappearedtohavebeentoldeveryt

hing,〔

appearthat-clause

asif/asthough

Itappears/seemsthat看起來似乎…Thereappears/s

eemstobe...

Itlooks/seems/appearsasif...

disappear(v)消失disappearance(n)消失

appear與disappear無被動語態

32content(1)(n)所容納之物，所含之物，內容(contents)

Hetippedthecontentsofthebagontothetable.他把

提包里的東西倒在桌子上。

Firehascausedseveredamagetothecontentsofthebu

ilding.

Hehadn'treadtheletterandsowasunawareofitscont

ents

(2)(書的)目錄(contents)atableofcontents目錄a

contentspage目錄頁

(3)(書，講話，節目等的)主題，主要內容

Yourtoneofvoiceisasimportantaswhatyouhavetos

ay..

Thecontentofthecoursedependsonwhatthestudentsw

ouIdliketostudy.

Herpoetryhasagreatdealofpoliticalcontent.

(4)含量，容量(用于名詞后)foodwithahighfatcontent

thealcoholcontentofadrink

(5)adj滿足，滿意(不用于名詞前)becontentwith

Notcontentwithstealingmygirlfriend,shehasturned

al1myfriendsagainstme.

becontenttodo愿意做I'mcontenttowait.

contented(尤指因生活好而)滿足的，滿意的(用于名詞前)

acontentedsmileHeisacontentedman.

contentment(n)

33.occupy(1)(vt)占據充滿Thespeechesoccupied3hou

rs.發言共占了3個小時。

Manyproblemsoccupiedhismind,他腦子里裝著許多問題。

(2)軍事占領takepossessionofThearmyoccupiedt

heenemy'scapital.

(3)占有房屋、土地Theyoccupytheroomnextdoor.他們住

在隔壁房間。

(4)擔任某職Mysisteroccupiesanimportantpositionin

herfirm.

beoccupiedindoingsth忙于做某事beoccupiedwit

hsth忙于某事

34common(1)普通的，常見的commonsense/knowledge常識

(2)一般的，平常的Heisnotanofficer,butacommon

soldier.

(3)共同的，共有的Weshareacommonpurpose.

(4)n公地，公用草地，公園EverySaturdayMarygoesri

dingonthevillagecommon.

(5)incommon”共有，公用"常與with連用

Incommonwithmanyyoungpeople,hepreferspopmusi

ctoclassicalmus