四川交通職業技術學院-土木工程英語EnglishforCivilEngineering～RoadEngineeringSichuanVocational&TechnicalCollegeofCommunications|Lead-in(導入)|Dialogue(對話)|Text(課文)|Exercises(練習)|GuidedWriting(寫作)|Lead-incopyright@黃蜀云Stressisthephysicalpressureorotherforcesexertedonanobject.Deformationinanydirectionisthetotalchangeinthedimensionofamemberinthatdirection.DeformationForceEnglishforCivilEngineering～RoadEngineering四川交通職業技術學院SichuanVocational&TechnicalCollegeofCommunications國家示范性高等職業技術學院|Lead-in(導入)|Dialogue(對話)|Text(課文)|Exercises(練習)|GuidedWriting(寫作)|Lead-incopyright@黃蜀云pre-stressingoperatingWorkplatformAnchorboltsrebarconcreteEnglishforCivilEngineering～RoadEngineering四川交通職業技術學院SichuanVocational&TechnicalCollegeofCommunications國家示范性高等職業技術學院|Lead-in(導入)|Dialogue(對話)|Text(課文)|Exercises(練習)|GuidedWriting(寫作)|Dialoguecopyright@黃蜀云A:Sincemanypre-stressingreinforcedconcretecomponentsareadoptedinproject,itisnecessarytohavealookatthepre-stressingoperating.fixingformworkexertingtensionEnglishforCivilEngineering～RoadEngineering四川交通職業技術學院SichuanVocational&TechnicalCollegeofCommunications國家示范性高等職業技術學院|Lead-in(導入)|Dialogue(對話)|Text(課文)|Exercises(練習)|GuidedWriting(寫作)|Dialoguecopyright@黃蜀云B:Therebarispre-stressedfirstbyacertaintensionforceandfixedonbothends.Thenwefixtheformworkandnon-prestressedrebar,andthenpourconcrete.Aftertheconcretereachesthedesignedstrength,thepre-stressedrebararereleased.pouringconcretereleasingrebarEnglishforCivilEngineering～RoadEngineering四川交通職業技術學院SichuanVocational&TechnicalCollegeofCommunications國家示范性高等職業技術學院|Lead-in(導入)|Dialogue(對話)|Text(課文)|Exercises(練習)|GuidedWriting(寫作)|Dialoguecopyright@黃蜀云B:Therebarispre-stressedfirstbyacertaintensionforceandfixedonbothends.Thenwefixtheformworkandnon-prestressedrebar,andthenpourconcrete.Aftertheconcretereachesthedesignedstrength,thepre-stressedrebararereleased.releasingrebarpouringconcreteEnglishforCivilEngineering～RoadEngineering四川交通職業技術學院SichuanVocational&TechnicalCollegeofCommunications國家示范性高等職業技術學院|Lead-in(導入)|Dialogue(對話)|Text(課文)|Exercises(練習)|GuidedWriting(寫作)|Dialoguecopyright@黃蜀云A:Thestrengthfromthepre-stressingmembersistransferredtotheconcrete,isn’tit?B:Yes.Thepre-stressedconcretewilloffsetsomeorallthetensionforcewhenitisunderthesituationoftensionstrength.rebaroffsetthetensionforcePressureEnglishforCivilEngineering～RoadEngineering四川交通職業技術學院SichuanVocational&TechnicalCollegeofCommunications國家示范性高等職業技術學院|Lead-in(導入)|Dialogue(對話)|Text(課文)|Exercises(練習)|GuidedWriting(寫作)|Dialoguecopyright@黃蜀云A:Arethereanydifferencesbetweenthepre-stressedconcreteandnon-prestressedconcreteinconcretepouring?B:Inordertoreducetheconcreteshrinkageunderthepre-stressing,thepre-stressedconcreteshouldbepouredcontinuouslyinonetimewithoutconstructionjoints.theratioofwaterandcementshouldbelowandtheaggregateshouldbeselectedinbetterquality.constructionjointsEnglishforCivilEngineering～RoadEngineering四川交通職業技術學院SichuanVocational&TechnicalCollegeofCommunications國家示范性高等職業技術學院|Lead-in(導入)|Dialogue(對話)|Text(課文)|Exercises(練習)|GuidedWriting(寫作)|Dialoguecopyright@黃蜀云A:Whencanthefixturesofthepre–stressedrebarberemoved?B:Itdependsonwhethertheconcretestrengthreachesthedesignedvalueornot.Atleastthetestshouldshowthattheresultisuptothestandard.ifthefixturearereleasedtooearly,itwillcauselotsofstrengthlossandevenseriousqualityproblem.EnglishforCivilEngineering～RoadEngineering四川交通職業技術學院SichuanVocational&TechnicalCollegeofCommunications國家示范性高等職業技術學院|Lead-in(導入)|Dialogue(對話)|Text(課文)|Exercises(練習)|GuidedWriting(寫作)|Dialoguecopyright@黃蜀云TechnicalTermsoftheDialogue1.模板2.水泥3.骨料4.鋼筋混凝土5.預應力6.預應力鋼筋7.施工縫8.拉(張)力EnglishforCivilEngineering～RoadEngineering四川交通職業技術學院SichuanVocational&TechnicalCollegeofCommunications國家示范性高等職業技術學院|Lead-in(導入)|Dialogue(對話)|Text(課文)|Exercises(練習)|GuidedWriting(寫作)|Dialoguecopyright@黃蜀云GroupWorkTrytoexplaininyourownwordsthetechnicaltermslearnedinthedialogueandthentalkabouttheprocessofpre-stressingoperation.EnglishforCivilEngineering～RoadEngineering四川交通職業技術學院SichuanVocational&TechnicalCollegeofCommunications國家示范性高等職業技術學院|Lead-in(導入)|Dialogue(對話)|Text(課文)|Exercises(練習)|GuidedWriting(寫作)|Textcopyright@黃蜀云

Whendesigningastructure,thedesignermustestimatealltheforcesactingonthestructureanditscomponentparts.Theeffectsoftheforcesarethenconsideredinrelationtothestabilityofabuildingasawholeandcomponentpartsaremadestrongenoughtocarrytheirparticularfunction.EnglishforCivilEngineering～RoadEngineering四川交通職業技術學院SichuanVocational&TechnicalCollegeofCommunications國家示范性高等職業技術學院|Lead-in(導入)|Dialogue(對話)|Text(課文)|Exercises(練習)|GuidedWriting(寫作)|Textcopyright@黃蜀云Theforcestobeconsidereddependonthetypeandpurposeofthestructure.Inbuildings,forexle,theforceswillbeduetotheweightofthestructureanditsoccupantsaswellastothepressureexertedbywind.EnglishforCivilEngineering～RoadEngineering四川交通職業技術學院SichuanVocational&TechnicalCollegeofCommunications國家示范性高等職業技術學院|Lead-in(導入)|Dialogue(對話)|Text(課文)|Exercises(練習)|GuidedWriting(寫作)|Textcopyright@黃蜀云Theloadsofabuilding

EnglishforCivilEngineering～RoadEngineering四川交通職業技術學院SichuanVocational&TechnicalCollegeofCommunications國家示范性高等職業技術學院|Lead-in(導入)|Dialogue(對話)|Text(課文)|Exercises(練習)|GuidedWriting(寫作)|Textcopyright@黃蜀云Inthewallforretainingearth,theforceswillbeduetotheweightofthewall,thepressureexertedonthewallbytheearthbehindit,andthepressureduetoanybuildingsorroadwaysnearthetopofthewall.擋土墻受力EnglishforCivilEngineering～RoadEngineering四川交通職業技術學院SichuanVocational&TechnicalCollegeofCommunications國家示范性高等職業技術學院|Lead-in(導入)|Dialogue(對話)|Text(課文)|Exercises(練習)|GuidedWriting(寫作)|Textcopyright@黃蜀云Theinternalfibersorparticlesofthevariouspartsofastructureareputintoastateofstressbytheforcestheyareneededtoresist,thebasicformsofstressbeingtension,compression,shearandtorsion.batensioncompressionEnglishforCivilEngineering～RoadEngineering四川交通職業技術學院SichuanVocational&TechnicalCollegeofCommunications國家示范性高等職業技術學院|Lead-in(導入)|Dialogue(對話)|Text(課文)|Exercises(練習)|GuidedWriting(寫作)|Textcopyright@黃蜀云Intension,thematerialispulledapartorstretchedlikearubberband.

Incompression,thematerialispressedorpushedtogether.EnglishforCivilEngineering～RoadEngineering四川交通職業技術學院SichuanVocational&TechnicalCollegeofCommunications國家示范性高等職業技術學院|Lead-in(導入)|Dialogue(對話)|Text(課文)|Exercises(練習)|GuidedWriting(寫作)|Textcopyright@黃蜀云

Whatistorsion?Itmakesthestructurerotateorturn.torsionEnglishforCivilEngineering～RoadEngineering四川交通職業技術學院SichuanVocational&TechnicalCollegeofCommunications國家示范性高等職業技術學院|Lead-in(導入)|Dialogue(對話)|Text(課文)|Exercises(練習)|GuidedWriting(寫作)|Textcopyright@黃蜀云

Theshearingforcecausesshearingstress.Itisdefinedasthefractureofthematerialsalongthestressroute.shearFFEnglishforCivilEngineering～RoadEngineering四川交通職業技術學院SichuanVocational&TechnicalCollegeofCommunications國家示范性高等職業技術學院|Lead-in(導入)|Dialogue(對話)|Text(課文)|Exercises(練習)|GuidedWriting(寫作)|Textcopyright@黃蜀云Sincethestructuredesignedbycivilengineersisintendedtobestable,theseforcesmustbekeptinbalance.Theverticalforces,forexle,mustbeequaltoeachother.ifabeamsupportsaloadabove,thebeamitselfmusthavesufficientstrengthtocounterbalancethatweight.F1F2F1F2=EnglishforCivilEngineering～RoadEngineering四川交通職業技術學院SichuanVocational&TechnicalCollegeofCommunications國家示范性高等職業技術學院|Lead-in(導入)|Dialogue(對話)|Text(課文)|Exercises(練習)|GuidedWriting(寫作)|Textcopyright@黃蜀云Thehorizontalforcesmustalsobeequaltoeachothersothatthereisnottoomuchthrusteithertotherightortotheleft.theforcesthatmightpullthestructurearoundmustbecounterbalancedwithforcesthatpullintheoppositedirection.F1F2=F2F1EnglishforCivilEngineering～RoadEngineering四川交通職業技術學院SichuanVocational&TechnicalCollegeofCommunications國家示范性高等職業技術學院|Lead-in(導入)|Dialogue(對話)|Text(課文)|Exercises(練習)|GuidedWriting(寫作)|Textcopyright@黃蜀云ifamancarriesaheavyload,hisbodyisdistressedasaresultoftheeffortshehastomaketobeartheload.Inordertograsptheideaofstress,itishelpfultocomparefibersofamaterialsubjectedtoforcetothebonesandmusclesofaman.EnglishforCivilEngineering～RoadEngineering四川交通職業技術學院SichuanVocational&TechnicalCollegeofCommunications國家示范性高等職業技術學院|Lead-in(導入)|Dialogue(對話)|Text(課文)|Exercises(練習)|GuidedWriting(寫作)|Textcopyright@黃蜀云

Amaterialissuretodeformtoagreaterorlesserextentwhenitissubjectedtostress,althoughthedimensionalvariationsinstructuralmaterialsareusuallyveryslight.thedeformationproducedisoftencalledstrain.amemberstressedincompressionbecomesshorterandfatter.EnglishforCivilEngineering～RoadEngineering四川交通職業技術學院SichuanVocational&TechnicalCollegeofCommunications國家示范性高等職業技術學院|Lead-in(導入)|Dialogue(對話)|Text(課文)|Exercises(練習)|GuidedWriting(寫作)|Textcopyright@黃蜀云QuestionsWhatshouldadesignerestimateindesigningastructureWhatarethefourbasicformsofstress?Howcantheforcesofthestructurebekeptinbalance?Inwhatconditiondoesamaterialdeform?TakeanexleEnglishforCivilEngineering～RoadEngineering四川交通職業技術學院SichuanVocational&TechnicalCollegeofCommunications國家示范性高等職業技術學