PAGEPAGE1第六節并列句和三大從句1．Iworkeq\x(not)becauseIhaveto，becauseIwantto.(2024·全國Ⅱ)答案but解析考查并列連詞。句意為：我工作不是因為我不得不做，而是因為我想做。此處用but與前面not構成not...but...“不是……而是……”結構，故填but。2．InmuchofAsia，especiallytheso-called“ricebowl”culturesofChina，Japan，Korea，Vietnam，foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.(2024·全國Ⅲ)答案and解析考查并列連詞。China，Japan，Korea與Vietnam是并列關系。3．Smallamountsofcaffeine—acuptwoofcoffeeaday—seemsafeformostpeople.(2024·11月浙江)答案or解析考查連詞。此處指每天一杯或兩杯咖啡，表示“或者”用連詞or。故填or。1．推斷依據沒有提示詞，前后均為平行成分：兩個主謂完整的句子，同詞性單詞，詞組，非謂語或者同類從句。2．并列連詞的基本含義and表并列或順承，but表轉折，or表選擇，so表因果，for表因為，while表對比且含義為“而”。3．固定結構①并列關系：both...and...兩者都，notonly...but(also)．..不但……而且……②選擇關系：either...or...或者……或者……，neither...nor...既不……也不……，not...but...不是……而是……③祈使句＋and/or＋陳述句1．NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.(2024·全國Ⅱ)答案which解析考查非限制性定語從句。分析句子結構可知，先行詞為thepetshop，在非限制性定語從句中作opened的賓語，故用which。2．Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmastershadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.(2024·全國Ⅲ)答案who/that解析考查定語從句。句意為：它們被它們的主子訓練得很好，它們的主子在照看這些動物方面很有閱歷。先行詞為masters(主子們)，且關系詞在從句中作主語，故填who或that。3．Ontheedgeofthejacket，thereisapieceofclothgivesofflightinthedark.(2024·6月浙江)答案that/which解析考查限制性定語從句。先行詞是cloth，指物，且從句中缺少主語，因此用that或which引導。4．Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethosearetotallyengaged(參加)inacademiclife，takingfulladvantageofthecollege’schancesandresources(資源)．(2024·北京)答案who解析考查限制性定語從句。設空處引導定語從句，修飾先行詞those，且在從句中作主語，代指人，故填who。5．Wehaveenteredintoanagedreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.(2024·江蘇)答案when解析考查限制性定語從句。句中先行詞為anage(一個時代)，且先行詞在從句中作時間狀語，故填關系副詞when。6．Theirchildisatthestageshecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences.(2024·天津)答案where解析考查限制性定語從句。設空處引導定語從句，先行詞是thestage，關系詞在定語從句中作地點狀語，故填關系副詞where。7．Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses.(2024·全國Ⅰ)答案that/which解析考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知，所填詞引導定語從句，修飾astudy，指物，且關系詞在從句中作主語，故填關系代詞that或which。8．TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernmentstartedasoil-testingprogramgivesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011，fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.(2024·全國Ⅱ)答案that/which解析考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知，所填詞引導定語從句，修飾指物的asoil-testingprogram且在從句中作主語，故用that或which。9．ManywesternerscometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheapitcanbetoeatout.(2024·6月浙江)答案who/that解析考查限制性定語從句。先行詞是westerners(西方人)，并在從句中作主語，故用who或that引導定語從句。10．Kate，sisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege，hasgonetoworkinAustralia.(2024·天津)答案whose解析句意為：凱特已經去澳大利亞工作了。我們在高校的時候，我與她的姐姐共住一室。Kate與sister是所屬關系，應用whose引導定語從句。故填whose。11．Self-drivingisanareaChinaandtherestoftheworldareonthesamestartingline.(2024·江蘇)答案where解析句意為：自動駕駛是一個中國和世界上其他國家處在同一起跑線的領域。分析句子結構可知，area作定語從句的先行詞，在從句中作地點狀語，故用where引導。故填where。12．Likeanything，itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth，isnotgoodforthehealth.(2024·全國Ⅰ)答案which解析考查非限制性定語從句。分析句子結構可知，空格處所填詞引導非限制性定語從句并在從句中作主語，且指代整個主句的內容，表示“這一點，這件事”，故填關系代詞which。13．ButSarah，hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels，wantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.(2024·全國Ⅲ)答案who解析考查非限制性定語從句。引導詞代替先行詞在從句中作主語，且指人，故用who。1．推斷依據①設空處無提示詞。②設空處前的句子完整。③設空處后的句子不完整，而且對前面位置相近的名詞或句子有修飾或者限定關系。2．三步確定關系詞Step1逗號推斷限制非限制先行詞后面出現逗號，是非限制性定語從句，先行詞往往是代替整句話。①表示“這一點，這件事”，用which引導，肯定不能用that。②as引導非限制性定語從句，表示“正如”，常見結構有：asiswell-known眾所周知asisoftenthecase狀況經常如此asisreported正如報道的那樣Step2找到先行詞，推斷是人是物①先行詞是人：that/who/whom/whose②先行詞是物：that/which/whose③先行詞是時間/地點/緣由：when/where/whyStep3依據從句即設空處后面缺少的成分，確定最終答案①缺主語：that/which/who②缺及物動詞的賓語：that/which/who/whom③缺介詞的賓語：which/whom④缺定語：whose(和先行詞構成所屬關系)⑤缺時間/地點/緣由狀語：when/where/why3．固定句型①therewasatimewhen...曾經有一段……的時間②daysaregonewhen...……的時間一去不復返③thereasonwhy...isthat...……的緣由是……留意：stage/point/case/situation/scene/degree等抽象意義的地點名詞作先行詞時，若從句成分完整則用where，若從句缺少主賓成分，則用that/which。1．Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°，thereisevidencetheyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic，andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.(2024·全國Ⅰ)答案that解析考查同位語從句。分析句子結構可知，主句為therebe句型，且結構完整，空格處引導同位語從句，說明說明抽象名詞evidence的內容，故填that。2．Whatstudentsdoatcollegeseemstomattermuchmorethantheygo.(2024·北京)答案where解析考查賓語從句。句意為：學生在高校里做什么似乎比去哪里(哪所高校)更重要。這里表達“去哪所高校”，表示地點，作狀語。故用where。3．Scientistshaveobtainedmoreevidenceplasticisfindingitswayintothehumanbody.(2024·江蘇)答案that解析考查同位語從句。句意為：科學家已經獲得更多證據，這些證據表明塑料正在進入人體。從句不缺成分，且說明說明白抽象名詞evidence的內容，所以用that引導同位語從句。故填that。4．I’mnotsureismorefrightened，meorthefemalegorilla(大猩猩)thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.(2024·全國Ⅲ)答案who/which解析考查賓語從句的引導詞。句意為：我不確定誰(哪一個)更膽怯 ，是我還是那只不知從哪里突然冒出來的雌猩猩。5．Thisismyfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.(2024·北京)答案what解析句意為：這就是父親教我的——總是直面困難，并且抱最大的希望。依據設空處前的is可以推斷，此處是一個表語從句。teachsb.sth.教給某人某事，引導詞作teach的干脆賓語。故填what。6．Thegoldmedalwillbeawardedtowinsthefirstplaceinthebicyclerace.(2024·天津)答案whoever解析句意為：金牌將被授予在自行車競賽中獲得第一名的人。介詞to后是賓語從句，從句中動詞wins前缺主語，而且金牌給的是“任何人”，故用whoever引導賓語從句。7．Everyyear，makesthemostbeautifulkitewillwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.(2024·北京)答案whoever解析考查主語從句。句意為：每年，在風箏節上風箏做得最美麗的人會贏得獎品。設空處表示“無論誰”，表泛指，故填whoever。8．Janemovedaimlesslydownthetree-linedstreet，notknowingshewasheading.(2024·北京)答案where解析考查賓語從句。句意為：簡沿著綠樹成蔭的街道漫無目的地走著，并不知道要去哪里。故填where。9．SheaskedmeIhadreturnedthebookstothelibrary，andIadmittedthatIhadn’t.(2024·天津)答案whether/if解析考查賓語從句。句意為：她問我是否已將那些書還給了圖書館，我承認還沒還。故填whether/if。10．Asnaturalarchitects，thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactlythicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.(2015·全國Ⅱ)答案how解析設空處引導賓語從句，作figuredout的賓語。從句不缺主賓表成分，故設空處在從句中作狀語。thick為形容詞，只能用how修飾，表示程度。故填how。1．推斷依據：名詞性從句的位置特點①主語從句往往位于句首，或者it作形式主語位于句首。②賓語從句位于及物動詞或者介詞之后。③表語從句位于系動詞之后。④同位語從句位于抽象意義的名詞之后，如：fact，idea，news，truth，hope，doubt，suggestion，belief，evidence等，說明抽象名詞的內容。2．分析從句缺少成分，推斷常見引導詞①缺少主賓表，考慮用what/who/whom/which或者whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever。③不缺少成分，缺少含義“是否”，考慮用whether/if，首選whether。④不缺少成分，不缺少含義，考慮用that。3．用引導詞含義代入到句子中理解，對解決名詞性從句有奇效。4．留意：①what是高頻考點。除了在從句中充當主賓表成分以外，還充當定語。如：Itisuncertainwhatsideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout，althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.②that引導名詞性從句，沒有含義，不充當成分。但是只在引導第一個賓語從句時可以省略。that引導主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句或其次個賓語從句時肯定不行以省略。5．重點句型What...isthat...what引導主語從句，that引導表語從句。如：Whatisthemostimportantisthateveryoneshouldbepresentintime.1．Tomissoindependentthatheneveraskshisparents’opinionhewantstheirsupport.(2024·天津)答案unless解析考查條件狀語從句。句意為：湯姆是如此獨立，以至于他從來不征求父母的看法，除非他想得到他們的支持。依據句意知空處引導從句，前面征求父母看法是條件，又有否定詞never，故填unless。2．wedon’tstopclimatechange，manyanimalsandplantsintheworldwillbegone.(2024·北京)答案If解析句意為：假如我們不阻擋氣候改變，世界上的很多動植物將會消逝。此處應用if引導條件狀語從句，表示主句動作發生的條件；又因為在句首，留意大寫。故填If。3．Let’snotpickthesepeachesuntilthisweekendthattheygetsweetenoughtobeeaten.(2024·天津)答案so解析句意為：我們到本周末再摘這些桃子吧，以便它們吃起來足夠甜。sothat意為“以便，為了”，引導目的狀語從句，符合語境，故填so。答案Although/Though/While解析考查狀語從句。句意為：雖然鳥兒用羽毛來飛行，但是它們的一些羽毛也有其他用途。前后為讓步關系，引導詞位于句首留意大寫。故填Although/Though/While。5．Ifyoudon’tunderstandsomething，youmayresearch，study，andtalktootherpeopleyoufigureitout.(2024·北京)答案until/till解析考查狀語從句。句意為：假如不了解某個事物，你可以探討、學習、與他人探討，直到(until/till)弄清晰。until/till直到……為止，引導時間狀語從句，符合語境。故填until/till。6．LocatedtheBeltmeetstheRoad，JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.(2024·江蘇)答案where解析句意為：由于位于“一帶一路”的交匯處，江蘇將為“一帶一路”的建設做出更大的貢獻。located表示“坐落在，位于”，所以設空處引導狀語從句修飾動詞located，且在從句中作地點狀語，表示“在‘一帶一路’的交匯處”，故填where。7．Overtime，thepopulationgrew，peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.(2024·全國Ⅲ)答案as/when解析考查連詞。as/when當……時，隨著……，在此處引導時間狀語從句。故填as/when。1．推斷依據狀語從句是用來描述動作發生的狀態，如時間、緣由、地點、條件等。假如設空前后兩個句子有肯定的邏輯關系，就考慮選用狀語從句引導詞。2．高頻狀語從句引導詞①時間狀語從句：when/while/as/themoment/whenever/until/till/before/after/assoonas/immediately/once/since②地點狀語從句：where/wherever③緣由狀語從句：as/because/since/nowthat④條件狀語從句：if/unless/aslongas/incase⑤目的狀語從句：sothat/inorderthat⑥結果狀語從句：sothat/so...that.../such...that...⑦讓步狀語從句：though/although/as/while/evenif/whether...or.../whatever/whoever/however/whenever/nomatter＋疑問詞3．as表示“盡管”，引導讓步狀語從句時，須要把表語前置到句首。作表語的名詞前置時，有冠詞的要去掉冠詞。如：Difficultasitmaybe＝Although/ThoughitmaybedifficultSilentstudentasheis＝Although/Thoughheisasilentstudent增分訓練增分單句訓練Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Andnexttimeourpathscross，wegreetsmile，whichisenoughtobrightentheday.答案and解析考查連詞。句意為：下次當我們再次相遇時，我們相互問候，面帶微笑，這足以讓我們快樂一成天。“問候”與“微笑”為并列關系，故用并列連詞and。2．TherearenoknowncasesthissecurityhasbeenviolatedanddozensofBrunelstudentsarealreadyusingthetechnology.答案where解析考查定語從句。句意為：目前還沒有這種平安被侵擾的已知案例，布魯內爾學院的很多學生已經在運用這種技術。句中先行詞為cases，為抽象意義的地點名詞，在定語從句中作地點狀語，故用關系副詞where。3．Shorterhoursofsunlightandcoolertemperaturesalsorelatetohigherratesofdepression，islinkedtoanincreaseindrinking.答案which4．Afteran8-yearstruggle，thesuccessoftheHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge(HZMB)achievesseveralgenerationshavebeendreamingof.答案what解析考查賓語從句。句意為：經過8年的奮斗，港珠澳大橋的勝利實現了幾代人的幻想。此處動詞achieves后面是賓語從句，從句缺少引導詞，且從句的謂語動詞dreamingof缺少賓語，所填連接詞要起雙重作用，故答案為what。5．Youshouldsetagoalandseeyoucanachieveitinthecomingexam.答案whether/if解析考查賓語從句。句意為：你應當設定一個目標，看看你是否能在即將來臨的考試中實現它。依據句意可知此處表示“是否”，故填whether/if。6．AndtherearetimesIamcertaintherightwordsdonotevenexist.答案when解析句意為：有時我確信正確的詞語甚至不存在。此處times作先行詞，在后面的定語從句中作時間狀語，故答案為when。Ⅱ.易錯練習1．matterstoamuseumisnothowmanyvisitorsithas，buthowcloseitistopeople’sdailylife.答案What解析考查主語從句。句意為：對于一個博物館而言，重要的不是有多少游客，而是它有多貼近人們的生活。空處引導主語從句且在從句中作主語，并在句首，須要大寫，故填What。2．Whatmakesourschoolfamousismorethan90%ofthestudentshavebeenadmittedtouniversities.答案that解析考查表語從句。句意為：讓我們學校出名的是百分之九十多的學生都被高校錄用了。分析句式可知，設空處位于系動詞之后，引導表語從句，從句不缺成分，意思完整，因此要用that。3．caughtintherainunexpectedly，westillenjoyedthejourneyverymuch.答案Although/Though/While解析考查狀語從句。句意為：盡管意外地被雨淋了，我們仍舊特別享受這次旅行。依據“westillenjoyedthejourneyverymuch”可知此處表示“盡管”，又因在句首，須要大寫，故填Although/Though/While。4．Yelangwasanancientpoliticalcentrefirstdescribedinthe3rdcenturyBC，anditwascenteredinisnowwesternGuizhouProvince，China.答案what解析考查賓語從句。介詞in后面是賓語從句，賓語從句缺少主語，故填what。5．Asaresult，peoplewillneverworryabouttheconsequencetheymaygetfakenotes.答案that解析考查同位語從句。句意為：因此，人們恒久不會擔憂他們可能會收到假鈔。本句中theymaygetfakenotes是consequence的同位語，而且從句不缺少成分，句意完整，故填that。增分寫作訓練——從句在寫作中的應用1．Ihaveeverservedasavolunteerinourschool’s70thanniversarycelebration，soIamqualifiedfortheposition.(非限制性定語從句)(2024·全國Ⅰ)Ihaveeverservedasavolunteerinourschool’s70thanniversarycelebration，whichmakesmequalifiedfortheposition.2．Asiswidelyaccepted，beingpunctualisvitalonsuchanimportantoccasion.(2024·全國Ⅱ)①Itiswidelyacceptedthatbeingpunctualisvitalonsuchanimportantoccasion.(it作形式主語的主語從句)②Whatiswidelyacceptedisthatbeingpunctualisvitalonsuchanimportantoccasion.(what引導的主語從句＋表語從句)3．WewillcelebratetheannualMusicFestival，andwewillholdavarietyofactivitiestomarkthisgreatmoment.(where引導的定語從句＋被動語態)(2024·全國Ⅲ)WewillcelebratetheannualMusicFestival，whereavarietyofactivitieswillbeheldtomarkthisgreatmoment.強化練(七)Ⅰ.語法填空A(2024·金華模擬)Chineseoracleboneinscriptions(甲骨文)arenowbeingwidelyusedasemojisbyyoungWeChatusers，thankstoapersonwhomadethem1.(close)topeople’slifethanbefore.“Theancientcharactersarenotasdistant2.theyaresupposedtobe，”saidthe3.(create)，ChenNan.“Infact，theycouldtotallyserveourneedsforonlineexpression.”The46-year-oldprofessoroffineartatTsinghuaUniversityhasbeenworkingtomakeoracleboneinscriptions4.emojis.Forexample，thecharacterfor“zui”，5.means“drunk”inEnglish，wascreated6.(look)likeastumblingfigure.AndhehasalsocombinedtheancientChinesecharacterswithcartoonfigures.Chen7.(work)ontheroadofinnovation19yearsago.In2024，theancienttypeface8.(include)intothefontlibrary(字庫)underhiseffortstolettheancientwordswalkintopeople’slife.Nowthelibraryhasasmanyas3,500characters,9.Chen’sresearchontheprojectstillcontinues，asheplanstoextendthelibraryto7,000characters.In10.future，hewillapplytheancientcharacterstoeducationanddevelopmentofgamesandapps.eq\x(語篇解讀文章講解并描述了有著悠久歷史的甲骨文作為表情包正在被年輕的微信用戶們廣泛運用。)1．答案closer解析考查形容詞比較級。依據空后的thanbefore可知，空處應用形容詞比較級，故填closer。2．答案as解析考查連詞。這里as表示“像……一樣”。此處表示“甲骨文并不像被認為的那樣遙遠”，故填as。3．答案creator解析考查名詞。這里指產品的創作者，應用名詞形式，故填creator。4．答案into解析考查介詞。這位46歲的清華高校美術教授始終致力于將甲骨文轉化為表情符號。osth.把……變成……，為固定短語。5．答案which解析考查非限制性定語從句。空處引導定語從句，指代先行詞“thecharacterfor‘zui’”，且在從句中作主語，故填which。6．答案tolook解析考查非謂語動詞。依據語境并分析句子結構可知，空處應用不定式作目的狀語，故填tolook。7．答案worked解析考查動詞的時態。依據時間狀語19yearsago可知，此處應用一般過去時，故填worked。8．答案wasincluded解析考查動詞的時態和語態。依據時間狀語In2024可知空處應用一般過去時；再依據theancienttypeface與include之間是被動關系，應用被動語態，故填wasincluded。9．答案but/yet解析考查連詞。依據語境可知，空處前后內容之間為轉折關系，故填but/yet。10．答案the解析考查冠詞。inthefuture意為“在將來”，為固定短語，故填定冠詞the。BForNigelPortman，aloveoftravellingbeganwithwhat’scalleda“gapyear”．IncommonwithmanyotherBritishteenagers，hechose11.(take)ayearoutbeforesettlingdowntohisstudyforadegree.Afterdoingvarious12.(job)toraisesomemoney，helefthometogainsomeexperienceoflifeindifferentcultures，visitingAmericaandAsia.Themoreadventuroustheyoungpersons，the13.(great)thechallengetheyarelikelytoset14.(them)forthegapyear，andforsome，likeNigel，itcanresultinathirstforadventure.Nowthathisuniversitycourse15.(come)toanend，Nigelisjustabouttoleaveonathree-yeartripthatwilltakehimrightaroundtheworld.What’smore，heplanstotravel16.(use)meansoftransportpoweredonlybynaturalenergy.Inotherwords，he’llberelying17.(main)onbicyclesandhisownlegs；andwhenthere’sanoceantocross，hewon’tbetakingashortcut18.flyingaboard—he’llbejoiningthecrewofasailingship，instead.Aswellasdoingsomemountainclimbingalong19.way，Nigelhopestopassontothepeoplehemeetstheenvironmentalmessage20.liesbehindthewholeidea.eq\x(語篇解讀本文主要講解并描述了一個高校生利用“間隔年”去旅行，以實際行動倡議環保的故事。)11．答案totake解析考查非謂語動詞。choosetodosth.為固定用法，意為“選擇做某事”，故用不定式作賓語。12．答案jobs解析考查名詞復數。job是可數名詞，且依據其前的定語various可知，此處應用復數形式，表示“各種工作”。13．答案greater解析考查形容詞比較級。依據固定句型the＋比較級．..，the＋比較級．..“越……越……”可知，此處用形容詞比較級。14．答案themselves解析考查代詞。喜愛冒險的年輕人很可能給他們自己設置更大的間隔年挑戰。此處與they呼應，故用反身代詞作賓語。15．答案hascome解析考查動詞時態。nowthat是連詞，引導緣由狀語從句，意為“既然”，由此可知事情已經發生，應用完成時，且與語境中的is呼應，故用現在完成時。16．答案using解析考查非謂語動詞。動詞use和主語he是邏輯上的主謂關系，故此處用現在分詞短語作伴隨狀語。17．答案mainly解析考查副詞。副詞修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子，在句子中作狀語，故用副詞mainly修飾謂語動詞relying。18．答案by/through解析考查介詞。依據語境可知，此處表示“以……方式/方法”，與上文中的meansoftransport呼應，故用介詞by/through。19．答案the解析考查冠詞。alongtheway為固定搭配，意為“沿途，一路上”，符合語境，故用定冠詞the。20．答案that/which解析考查定語從句。此處用that/which引導定語從句，在從句中作主語，修飾先行詞theenvironmentalmessage。Ⅱ.閱讀理解(2024·晉冀魯豫中原名校聯考)DutchdesignerDaanRoosegaardehasspentmuchofhistimeseekingartisticsolutionstosolveourenvironmentalproblems.Hispastprojectsinclude“Bioluminescent(生物發光)Trees”tolightstreets，a“Smog-FreeTower”tocleanBeijing’spollutedair，and“GatesofLight”，whichusestheheadlampsofpassingcarstolightupthe60floodgatesoftheAfsluitdijk，amajordamintheNetherlands.Now，heishopingtousehisskillstosolveapressingglobalproblem—spacejunk!Scientistsguessthatthereareover500,000bitsoflargerubbish.Todealwiththeproblem，Roosegaardeintendstoachievehisgoalbyeducatingthepublicabouttheneedofthesituationandcomingupwithpossiblesolutions.Theplan，calledtheSpaceWasteLab，startedinOctober2024withalaser(激光)showintheNetherlands.TheuniqueoutdoorartworkofLEDsusedreal-timetrackinginformationtopointatpiecesofspacejunkfloatingataltitudesof200to20,000kilometers.Theexperiencewasdesignedtomakethepublicknowmoreabouthowmuchspacejunkthereare.Tofindasolution，thedesignerhasbeenthinkingwithexperts.Oneoftheprojectsbeingconsideredis“ShootingStars”，whichattemptstoreintroducethetrashtotheatmosphereinacontrolledway.Uponreentry，thewastewouldburnintheatmospherelikeashootingstar.Roosegaardeenvisagesthatifsuccessful，burningspacetrashcouldsomedayreplacefireworksatlargepublicevents!InSeptember2024，theRemoveDEBRISsatellitesuccessfullysentanettocatchatargetwhileorbitingatanaltitudeofabout300kilometers(190miles)．Sometimethisyear，thecapsulewillsetfreeaharpoonthathasbeendesignedtoremovespacetrash.Attheendofitstask，RemoveDEBRISwillletgoasailtobringthesatelliteitself，andhopefullysometrash，backintotheatmospherewhereitwillburnup.語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文，主要講解并描述了一位荷蘭設計師試圖通過藝術的形式有創意地解決太空垃圾問題。21．WhatcanweinferaboutDaanRoosegaarde?A．Heistooaggressivetoputforwardgoodplans.B．Heiscreativeinsolvingenvironmentalproblems.C．Heisfondofspendingallofhistimeseekingartskills.D．Heissensitivetoartreflectedinenvironmentalprojects.答案B解析推理推斷題。依據第一段中的“Hispastprojectsinclude‘Bioluminescent(生物發光)Trees’tolightstreets，a‘SmogFreeTower’tocleanBeijing’spollutedair，and‘GatesofLight’，whichusestheheadlampsofpassingcarstolightupthe60floodgatesoftheAfsluitdijk，amajordamintheNetherlands.”可知，他過去的項目包括點亮街道的生物發光樹、凈化北京污染空氣的霧霾凈化塔以及荷蘭一座大壩的防洪閘，由此可知，丹·羅斯加德在解決環境問題上很有創建力，故B項正確。22．WhywasalasershowheldinOctober2024?A．Toconfirmreal-timeinformationaboutspacetrash.B．ToshowthegreatbeautyofLEDstocommonpeople.C．Toraisepublicawarenessoftheamountofspacetrash.D．Toinspirepeopletoconsiderthesolutiontospacetrash.答案C解析細微環節理解題。依據其次段最終兩句“TheuniqueoutdoorartworkofLEDsusedreal-timetrackinginformationtopointatpiecesofspacejunkfloatingataltitudesof200to20,000kilometers.Theexperiencewasdesignedtomakethepublicknowmoreabouthowmuchspacejunkthereare.”可知，舉辦這個激光表演的目的是提高公眾對太空垃圾數量的相識，故C項正確。23．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“envisage”inParagraph3probablymean?A．Suspect. B．Demand.C．Advise. D．Imagine.答案D解析詞義揣測題。依據畫線詞后的“...ifsuccessful，burningspacetrashcouldsomedayreplacefireworksatlargepublicevents！”可知，丹·羅斯加德設想，假如勝利的話，焚燒太空垃圾有一天會取代大型活動中的煙火，由此可知畫線詞意為“設想，想象”，故D項正確。24．Whatisthefunctionofasail?A．Bringingthesatellitetotheatmospheretoburn.B．Keepingtrashtravelingalongitsownorbit.C．Takingthesatelliteawayfromtheatmosphere.D．Removingspacetrashoutofthecapsule.答案A解析細微環節理解題。依據最終一段最終一句“Attheendofitstask，RemoveDEBRISwillletgoasailtobringthesatelliteitself，andhopefullysometrash，backintotheatmospherewhereitwillburnup.”可知，帆的作用是在任務結束時將衛星帶入到大氣層中自動焚毀，故A項正確。Ⅲ.七選五Areyoutiredofshoppingforfurnitureandcominghomeempty-handed？Helplessforpurchasingwhatsimplyisnotamatchforyourhome’sdecoration？Thefollowingtipswillhelpguideyouonyourfurniture-buyingjourney.Ifyouwanttopurchasewoodfurniture，lookforqualitywoodwork.25，itwillnotlastverylong.Itisbesttospendmoretogetapieceoffurniturewithsomeexcellentwoodworkonit.Don’teverpurchaseanylargepieceoffurniturewithoutfirstmeasuringit.26.Bringatapemeasurewhenyoushopforfurnitureandknowinadvancethespeciallimitationsyouareworkingwith.27，thinkabouthowitwillfitinwiththerestofyourdecoration.It’sonethingtoseeasidetableoutwhileyou’reshopping，butit’sanotherthingtobringithomeandtrytomakeitworkwitheverythingelseyouhave.Thinkcarefullybeforeyoubuy.28，realizeandremembertheymightnotbeyourbestsourceofadviceandinformation.Theymaybefocusedoncustomerservice，butonlytosell.Anactualdecoratorissomeonewhocanreallyhelpfindtherightfurnitureforyourhome.Thefurniturehasmuchtodowithyourhome’squality，andiswhatmakesyourhomecomplete.29.A．MakesurethefurnitureisgreenB．WhenyoubuyasinglepieceoffurnitureC．ThefurnituremayhavebeenpoorlybuiltD．High-qualityfurniturecanreallyaffectahomeE．Ifnails(釘子)areusedtokeepapieceoffurnituretogetherF．Whileit’sgoodtotalktothesalespeopleinfurniturestoresG．Knowingwheretoshowitmeansmakingsureitwillfitthereeq\x(語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文，介紹了購買家具時的留意事項。)25．答案E解析依據空前的“lookforqualitywoodwork”和空后的“itwillnotlastverylong”可知，購買木制家具時要選優質的木制品，假如家具運用了釘子，那它可能用不了多久。所以選E項。26．答案G解析依據空前的“Don’teverpurchaseanylargepieceoffurniturewithoutfirstmeasuringit.”和空后的“Bringatapemeasure...limitations”可知，空處內容與家具尺寸是否適合打算放置的地方有關。所以選G項。27．答案B解析依據空后的“It’sonethingtoseeasidetableoutwhileyou’reshopping，butit’sanotherthingtobringithomeandtrytomakeitworkwitheverythingelseyouhave.”可知，購買單件家具時，要留意它是否與房間內其他家具匹配。所以選B項。28．答案F解析依據空后的“realizeandremembertheymightnotbeyourbestsourceofadviceandinformation.Theymaybefocusedoncustomerservice，butonlytosell.”可知，雖然聽聽售貨員的建議比較好，但他們的目的是出售家具，故空處和售貨員的交談有關，所以選F。29．答案D解析依據空前的“Thefurniture...iswhatmakesyourhomecomplete.”可知，家具和整個家有很大關系，高質量的家具更是對家有重要影響。所以選D項。Ⅳ.完形填空(2024·湖南長郡中學檢測)Oneofthemostremarkablethingsaboutthehumanmindisourabilitytoimaginethefuture.Inour30，wecanseewhathasnotyethappened.Forexample，whilewearelookingforwardto31anewplaceorcountry，we32whatitwillbelike.Wepredictthe33peoplewilleat，dressandact.Ofcourse，wedonotalwayspredictthings34.Thingsareoftenverydifferentfromthewaywe35themtobe.Oneofthe36dreamsinhistoryisthedreamoftheGermanscientist，Kekule，whohadbeen37toworkoutaverydifficultprobleminphysics.Hehad38andanalyzedtheproblemfromeveryanglefordays，butthere39tobenowayof40outtheanswer.Thenonenighthewenttobedanddreamed.Whenhe41up，herealizedthatheknewtheanswer.Hehadsolvedtheprobleminhis42.Itissaidthatinordertofigureouttheprocess，thehypnotist(催眠師)satinthechairoppositehimandspoke43：“Iwantyoutoconcentrateonmyvoice.Thinkabout44.Youknownothingbutmyvoice.Andasyoupayattentiontomyvoice，your45willgetheavier.Soonyou’llbeasleep.Youwillhearmyvoiceand46mywords，butyourbodywillbeasleep，youreyesaretooheavy.Youare47asleep，andwhenyouwakeup，youwill48nothing.Youwillforgeteverything.NowIamgoingto49slowlyfromonetofive.One，two，three，four，five...”語篇解讀本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。本文通過德國科學家凱庫勒的故事，說明白人類大腦的奇妙實力。30．A.brains B．sensesC．minds D．sights答案C解析依據前一句“Oneofthemostremarkablethingsaboutthehumanmindisourabilitytoimaginethefuture.”可知，人類思維最顯著的特點之一就是有想象將來的實力。據此可知，空處指“思維”，故C項正確。31．A.visiting B．seekingC．reaching D．discove