【英語】中考英語總復習∶完形填空和閱讀理解(提高)知識講解及答案經典一、完形填空1．閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中選出一個最佳選項。

WhenIwasayoungboy,myfavoritethingwasatoygun.SometimesIwouldshootbullets（發射子彈）forpractice.Oneday,Iwalkedintothe1

withmygun.I2

aJohnWaynemoviewherehepreferredshootingthegunwithonehand.AsIwas3

whathedid,Iheardapop.Ihadn't4

thebulletswhenIpracticedshootingthedaybefore.Iwatchednervouslyasthebulletpartedthehairofmydadwhowas5

onthesofa.Oneandahalfincheslower,itwouldhaveshothiminthehead.Mydadwokeupandsawwhathappened.He6

tookmytoygun,walkedoutandbrokeitonthestone.Iwouldn'thaveanothertoygunforalongtime7

thatandwhenIdid,Irefusedtoputbulletsinit.

8

troubledmemost,though,wasseeingtheangerinmydad'seyes.Ihidinmyroomfortherestofthedaynot9

tofacehim.I10

thathedidn'tlovemeanylonger.Atdinnertimehewalkedintotheroomandputhishandonmyhead."It'sOK,Joey,"hesaid,"Iforgiveyou.Nowcomeandeat."Ifeltso11

atthatmoment.Ifeltlovedonceagain.

Intheyearsthatfollowed,I12

mydadmorethanonce.Iwasa13

learnerandsufferedalot.Icriedandstruggled（掙扎）,14

Ialwaysfeltloved.NomatterhowbadlyIdid,myfatherlovedmeandnever15.Hewasalwayshelpingmetobecomebetterandkinder.1.A.classroomB.houseC.storeD.theatre2.A.expectedB.choseC.rememberedD.showed3.A.copyingB.imaginingC.askingD.watching4.A.addedB.cleanedC.boughtD.prepared5.A.sleepingB.workingC.laughingD.reading6.A.secretlyB.angrilyC.calmlyD.simply7.A.beforeB.untilC.afterD.by8.A.WhileB.WhenC.HowD.What9.A.needingB.daringC.caringD.agreeing10.A.heardB.fearedC.acceptedD.meant11.A.strongB.happyC.hungryD.safe12.A.thankedB.avoidedC.hatedD.upset13.A.slowB.luckyC.carefulD.strict14.A.andB.orC.butD.so15.A.cheeredupB.gaveupC.caughtupD.warmedup【答案】（1）B；（2）C；（3）A；（4）B；（5）A；（6）B；（7）C；（8）D；（9）B；（10）B；（11）B；（12）D；（13）A；（14）C；（15）D；【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文作者講述了小時候用自己最喜歡的槍練習發射子彈時，子彈射到爸爸的頭發上，爸爸很生氣，把槍摔了。作者不敢面對爸爸，但后來爸爸原諒了他。在過去的幾年里，無論作者做的多么糟，爸爸仍然愛他幫助他變得更好更善良。（1）句意：一天，我帶著槍走到房子里。A.classroom教室；B.house房子；C：store商店；D.theatre戲院。根據onthesofa.在沙發上，可知走進房屋里。故選B。（2）句意：我想起一部約翰·韋恩的電影，他更喜歡用單手射擊。A.expected期望；B.chose選擇；C.remembered記得；D.showed展示。根據邏輯關系應該是記起來，故選C。（3）句意：我模仿他做的時候。A.copying模仿；B.imagining想像；C.asking問；D.watching觀看。根據whathedid可知是模仿，故選A。（4）句意：當我前天練習射擊時，我沒有清理完子彈。A.added增加；B.cleaned清理；C.bought買；D.prepared準備。根據thebulletpartedthehairofmydad子彈把爸爸的頭發射開，可知是清理，故選B。（5）句意：我緊張地觀看當子彈把睡著在沙發上的爸爸的頭發射開。A.sleeping睡覺；B.working工作；C.laughing大笑；D.reading讀。根據Mydadwokeup我的爸爸醒來，可知睡著，故選A。（6）句意：他生氣地拿著我的槍，走出去并且把它摔在石頭上。A.secretly秘密地；B.angrily生氣地；C.calmly平靜地；D.simply簡單地。根據walkedoutandbrokeitonthestone.可知是生氣地，故選B。（7）句意：那以后，長時間我沒有槍。A.before在以前；B.until直到；C.after在以后；D.by到為止。根據句意應該是在那以后，故選C。（8）句意：我最困擾的然而是看到爸爸眼里的怒氣。根據句子結構，句子缺少主語，疑問代詞what在句中做主語，故選D。（9）句意：那天剩余的時間，我躲在房間里，不敢面對爸爸。A.needing需要；B.daring敢；C.caring介意；D.agreeing同意。根據wasseeingtheangerinmydad'seyes.看見爸爸眼里的怒氣。可知不敢，故選B。（10）句意：我害怕他不在愛我了。A.heard聽到；B.feared害怕；C.accepted接受；D.meant意思。根據爸爸生氣，可知應該是害怕，故選B。（11）句意：那時我感到很高興。A.strong強壯的；B.happy高興的；C.hungry饑餓的；D.safe安全的。根據Iforgiveyou.Nowcomeandeat可知爸爸原諒他，應該是高興，故選B。（12）句意：在隨后的幾年里，我不只一次是爸爸生氣。A.thanked感謝；B.avoided避免；C.hated恨；D.upset使生氣。根據NomatterhowbadlyIdid,可知是使生氣，故選D。（13）句意：我是一個反應慢的人并且受了很多苦。A.slow慢的；B.lucky幸運的；C.careful細心的；D.strict嚴格的。根據sufferedalot可知是慢的，故選A。（14）句意：但是我總是被關愛。A.and和，表并列；B.or或者，表選擇；C.but但是，表轉折；D.so所以，表結果。根據NomatterhowbadlyIdid.可知不管做多糟糕。總是被關愛，是轉折關系，故選C。（15）句意：我的父親愛我是自然的。A.cheeredup使振作起來；B.gaveup放棄；C.caughtup抓住；D.warmedup熱身。根據常理父母對子女的愛是自然的，不需要準備熱身，故選D。【點評】完型填空，考查詞匯在語篇在中的運用能力。答題首先要跳過空格，通讀文章掌握大意，然后細讀文章字斟句酌作答，注意考慮句型句法搭配，語境等因素，最后通讀一遍檢查驗證。2．完形填空

GlobalwarmingmeansthetemperatureoftheEarthisgettinghigherandhigher.IftheEarthgets1,someofthefollowingthingscouldhappen:

Thesealevelcould2

becauseofthemeltingofseaice.

Manyanimalsthatliveontheicemight3

out.

Therecouldbemorefloods（洪水）,4

neartheseaandrivers.

Someplantsandanimalsmightdiebecausetheycannotliveinhigh5.

Globalwarmingisavery6

problemnow.Thereissomethingwecandotohelptoslowitdown.

Scientistshavebeenstudyingglobalwarmingforyears.Theyhavefoundthatsomethingsthatpeopledoineverydaylifemakemuchgasthat7

globalwarming.Onebigcauseofthisistheburningofoil,gasandcoalforenergyforourcarsandhomes.Thisgivesofftoomuchgreenhousegas.Wecandosomethingtocut8

ontheamountofgreenhousegas.

⒈Wecanreallyhelpbyusinglessenergyinlife,andlessgasinourfamilycars.Weshouldturnoffthe9

andturndownotherelectricalequipment.Weshouldwalkmoreandusecarsless.

⒉10

cantakeinsomeofthegreenhousegas.Soweshouldplantmoretrees.1.A.biggerB.olderC.hotterD.slower2.A.riseB.fallC.remainD.quit3.A.goB.dieC.letD.put4.A.especiallyB.luckilyC.continuallyD.nearly5.A.talentB.tentC.topD.temperature6.A.easyB.naturalC.seriousD.nervous7.A.stopsB.causesC.preventsD.affects8.A.offB.intoC.outD.down9.A.doorsB.lightsC.invitationsD.roads10.A.GrassesB.FlowersC.ForestsD.Animals【答案】（1）C；（2）A；（3）B；（4）A；（5）D；（6）C；（7）B；（8）D；（9）B；（10）C；【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介紹了全球變暖會造成的一些后果以及對于全球變暖我們可以做的事。

（1）句意：如果地球變得更熱，可能會發生以下一些事情。A更大的；B更老的；C更熱的；D更慢的。由thetemperatureoftheEarthisgettinghigherandhigher可知此處表示如果地球變得越來越熱，故選C。（2）句意：由于海冰融化，海平面可能上升。A升起；B跌落；C保持；D退出。由themeltingofseaice可知海平面會上升，故選A。（3）句意：許多生活在冰上的動物可能會滅絕。A出去；B滅絕；C釋放；D撲滅。由theEarthgetshotter可知此處表示許多住在冰上的動物會滅絕，故選B。（4）句意：可能會有更多的洪水，尤其是在靠近海洋和河流的地方。A特別是；B幸運地；C持續地；D幾乎。根據語句Therecouldbemorefloods可知此處表示可能會有更多的洪災，特別是在海洋和河流附近，故選A。（5）句意：一些動植物可能會因為無法在高溫下生存而死亡。A天賦；B帳篷；C頂部；D溫度。由theEarthgetshotter可知此處的是因為它們不能在高溫下生存，故選D。（6）句意：全球變暖現在是一個非常嚴重的問題。A容易的；B自然的；C嚴格的，嚴肅的；D緊張的。由上文提到的全球變暖會導致的結果可知此處表示的是全球變暖現在是一個很嚴峻的問題，故選C。（7）句意：科學家們一直在研究全球變暖的起因。A停止；B引起；C防止；D影響。由Onebigcauseofthisistheburningofoil…可知此處表示科學家們一直在研究全球變暖的起因，故選B。（8）句意：我們可以做點什么來減少溫室氣體排放量。A切斷；B切入；C裁剪；D砍，減少。由Thisgivesofftoomuchgreenhousegas，可知此處表示我們可以做點什么來減少溫室氣體排放量，故選D。（9）句意：我們應該關上電燈。A門；B光；C邀請；D路。由Wecanreallyhelpbyusinglessenergyinlife可知此處表示我們應該關上電燈，故選B。（10）句意：森林可以吸收一些溫室氣體。A草；B花；C森林；D動物。由Soweshouldplantmoretrees，可知此處表示森林可以吸收一些溫室氣體，選C。【點評】考查完形填空，首先通讀一遍文章，跳過缺失的單詞，再根據上下文來判斷所缺單詞的含義，最后對選項進行區別，選出正確的那一項。3．閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出能填入相應空白處的最佳選項。

"SesameStreet"isaTVprogrammeforchildren.ItfirstappearedinNewYork1

1969.Itiscalled"thelongeststreetintheworld".That'sbecausetheTVprogrammebythatnamecanbeseeninsomanypartsoftheworld.

IntheUSoversixmillionchildrenwatchtheprogrammeregularly.Theviewersincludemorethanhalfthenation'spre-schoolchildren.Parentslovetheprogramme.Manyteachersalsothinkitisveryhelpful,2

someeducatorsareagainstcertainthingsinit.

Testsshowchildrenfromdifferentbackgroundhavebenefitedfromwatchingtheprogramme.Thosewhowatchitfivetimes3

weeklearnmorethanthosewhowatchitonceinawhile.IntheUStheprogrammeisshownat4

hourssothatmorechildrencanwatchit.Theprogrammesall5

songs,stories,jokesandpicturestohelpchildrenunderstandnumbers,lettersandhumanrelationship.Buttherearesomedifferences.Forexample,theprogrammemadeinMexicoCitydevotesmoretimetoteachingwholewordsthantoteachinglettersonebyone.

Whyis"SesameStreet"moresuccessfulthanotherchildren'sshows?There6manyreasons-thegoodeducationofitsproducers,thesupport7

thegovernmentandbusinesses,andtheskillfuluseofmanyTVtricks.Also8

watchitwiththeirchildren.Thisispartlybecausefamousadultstarsoftenappearonit.Butthebestreasonmaybethatitmakeseverychild9

abletolearn.Childrenfindthemselveslearning,andtheywanttolearn10.1.A.atB.onC.in2.A.andB.soC.though3.A.aB.不填C.the4.A.thesameB.differentC.early5.A.useB.takeC.sing6.A.isB.areC.were7.A.forB.withC.from8.A.teachersB.mothersC.doctors9.A.feelB.tofeelC.feeling10.A.manyB.muchC.more【答案】（1）C；（2）C；（3）A；（4）A；（5）A；（6）B；（7）C；（8）B；（9）A；（10）C；【解析】【分析】主要講了兒童電視節目“芝麻街”及其成功的原因。（1）句意：它第一次在1969年出現在紐約。in+年，1969表示年，所以用in，故選C。（2）句意：許多老師也認為它是非常有幫助的，盡管一些教育者在某些方面反對它。A.和，表示并列；B.所以，表示結果；C.盡管，表示讓步。前句表示支持，后句表示反對，所以用though，盡管，故選C。（3）句意：一周看五次的孩子們比一會看一次的孩子們學習更多。fivetimesaweek一周五次，故選A。（4）句意：在美國電視節目在相同的時間上映目的是更多的孩子可以觀看它。A.相同的；B.不同的；C.早的。為了讓更多的孩子觀看，所以在相同的時間上映，故選A。（5）句意：節目都使用歌曲、故事、笑話和圖片幫助孩子們理解數字、字母和人類關系。A.使用；B.帶走；C.唱歌。usesth.todosth.使用某物做某事，用歌曲、故事、笑話和圖片幫助孩子們理解數字、字母和人類關系，故選A。（6）句意：有許多原因——它的生產者的好的教育、來自政府和商人的支持、許多電視戲法的有技巧的運用。時態是一般現在時，主語reasons是復數，所以be用are，故選B。（7）句意：有許多原因——它的生產者的好的教育、來自政府和商人的支持、許多電視戲法的有技巧的運用。A.對于；B.和；C.來自。支持來自政府和商人，故選C。（8）句意：而且媽媽和他們的孩子一起看它。A.老師；B.媽媽；C.醫生。根據theirchildren他們的孩子，可知與父母有關，所以用mother，媽媽，故選B。（9）句意：電視最好的原因或許是它讓每個孩子感覺有能力學習。makesb.dosth.讓某人做某事，所以feel用動詞原形，故選A。（10）句意：孩子們發現自己學習，他們想學習更多。A.許多；B.許多；C.更多。與之前比較，學習更多，故選C。【點評】考查完形填空，首先通讀一遍文章，跳過缺失的單詞，再根據上下文來判斷所缺單詞的含義，最后對選項進行區別，選出正確的那一項。4．完形填空

Bill,athirteen-year-oldboy,thoughthehadgrownuptobeaman.Buthisparentstoldhim,“Youwon'tbearealmanuntilyoubeginto1

helpingothers.”

Onemorning,hisparentsgavehimsomemoneyto2

somemilkforthem.Outsideashophesawahomelessoldmanwholookedvery3

.Billwenttohimandasked,“What'swrongwithyou?”

Theoldmananswered,“I'mhungry.Ihaven'thad4

foodfortwodays.”Atthethoughtofhisparents'words,Billsaidtotheoldman,“Let'sgotothe5.”Whentheygotthere,Billaskedthewaitertobringoutbreadandcoffeetotheoldman.Theoldmanfinishedthemealquickly.Afterthewaiter6

theplateandthecup,theoldmansaid,“Sorryforgivingyousomuchtrouble.I'mfinenow.I'll7

forgetyourkindness!Youareaverygoodyoungman.”

Billwas8

whenheheardthis.Justwhenhewantedto9

forthemeal,thewaitercame.Billandtheoldmanlearned10

thatthefoodwasfreebecauseitwasthebirthdayoftheboss,andtheywerethefirstcustomers（顧客）thatday.1.A.thinkaboutB.dependonC.giveupD.goon2.A.lendB.buyC.drinkD.borrow3.A.afraidB.gladC.sickD.angry4.A.anyB.someC.littleD.many5.A.bankB.libraryC.hospitalD.restaurant6.A.sentoutB.gotdownC.gavebackD.tookaway7.A.neverB.alwaysC.usuallyD.sometimes8.A.nervousB.pleasedC.sorryD.shy9.A.payB.eatC.bringD.carry10.A.insurpriseB.asusualC.onceagainD.atfirst【答案】（1）A；（2）B；（3）C；（4）A；（5）D；（6）D；（7）A；（8）B；（9）A；（10）A；【解析】【分析】大意：本文主要講的是Bill幫助了一位無家可歸的老人，自己也得到了成長的故事。（1）句意：直到你開始考慮幫助其他人時，你才真正成為一個成人。A考慮，B依賴，C放棄，D繼續。根據下文Bill幫助了一個老人可知，應是開始考慮幫助他人的時候才會成長。故選A。（2）句意：他們的父母給了Bill一些錢去為他們買牛奶。根據下文Outsideashophesawahomelessoldman.可推知，Bill去商店買牛奶。故選B。（3）句意：在商店外面，他看到一個很病弱的無家可歸的老人。A害怕，B樂意，C病弱，D生氣。根據homeless可知，這位老人看上去是病弱的。故選C。（4）句意：我已經兩天沒吃任何食物了。A任何；B一些；C一些，修飾不可數名詞；D很多，修飾可數名詞。根據food為不可數名詞，句中有否定詞haven't可知，用any。故選A。（5）句意：讓我們去飯店吧。根據下文Billaskedthewaitertobringoutbreadandcoffeetotheoldman.可知比爾帶老人去了飯店。故選D。（6）句意：服務人員拿走盤子和杯子。A寄出，B蹲下，C歸還，D拿走。根據Theoldmanfinishedthemealquickly.老人很快吃完了餐點可知，此處服務員把碟子和被子拿走。故選D。（7）句意：我永遠不會忘記你的善良。A永不，B經常，C總是，D偶爾。根據Youareaverygoodyoungman.你真是一個好人可知，老人很感激Bill，他永遠不會忘記他的好。故選A。（8）句意：聽到老人的夸獎,比爾很高興。A緊張，B高興的，C抱歉的，D害羞的。聯系上文老人夸獎Bill是個好人可知，此處Bill應該覺得很高興。故選B。（9）句意：當他想去付賬的時候，服務員來了。聯系上文可知，Bill請老人吃了東西，在飯店吃完飯要付錢。固定詞組payfor...“為……付錢”。故選A。（10）句意：Bill和老人驚喜地得知，食物是免費的。A驚訝地，B像平常一樣，C再一次，D首先。根據thefoodwasfree.比爾和老人所吃的食物是免費的可知，他們感到驚訝。故選A。【點評】考查詞匯在篇章中的運用能力，答題時首先要跳過空格通讀文章掌握其大意，然后細讀文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考慮句型、語法、搭配、語境等因素。最后通讀一遍檢查驗證。5．完形填空

Onceuponatimetherewasalittleboywhowasveryill.Hehadtospendalldayin1andhecouldn'tmove.2otherchildrenweren'tallowedtocomenearhim，hespenthisdaysfeelingsad.

Therewasn'tmuchhecoulddobuttolookoutofthe3.Oneday，hesawastrangeshapeoutsidethewindow.Itwasapenguineatingasandwich.Thenthepenguinsaid4totheboy，turnedaroundandleft.

Theboywasvery5Thenhesawababymonkey，busyblowingupaballoon.Asmoreandmorefunny-lookinganimalsappeared6thewindow，hestartedtolaugh.Thefunnyshapesputjoybackintohisheart.

Beforelong，theboywasableto7

schoolagain.There，hetoldhisfriendsaboutallthestrangethingshehad8Suddenly，hesawsomethingstrangein9bestfriend'sschoolbag.Therewerelotsofveryfunnyclothesinhisbag.Thesewerewhathisbestfriend10tocheerhimup.

Fromthatdayon，thelittleboyalwaysdidhisbesttohelpothers.1.A.schoolB.officeC.bedD.home2.A.BecauseB.IfC.WhenD.After3.A.doorB.windowC.roofD.hole4.A.sorryB.helloC.thanksD.goodbye5.A.worriedB.afraidC.surprisedD.sad6.A.outsideB.insideC.inD.on7.A.arriveatB.giveupC.workforD.gobackto8.A.heardB.seenC.feltD.known9.A.myB.theirC.hisD.her10.A.usedB.foundC.lostD.had【答案】（1）C；（2）A；（3）B；（4）D；（5）C；（6）A；（7）D；（8）B；（9）C；（10）A；【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要講述了一個生病的男孩在窗外的所見所聞，他返校后，告訴他的朋友們。為了使他高興，他最好的朋友在包里帶著滑稽可笑的衣服。從此，他總是盡他最大的努力幫助別人。（1）考查固定短語，根據原句hecouldn'tmove.可知他整天在床上度日。inbed:在床上，故選C。（2）考查連詞。句意：因為其他孩子不被允許靠近他，他感激悲傷地度過他的日子。根據語境可知是因果關系，Because：因為，故選A。（3）考查名詞。句意：除了看向窗外他沒有什么事可做。window:窗戶，根據語境可知答案，故選B。（4）考查固定短語。句意：然后企鵝對男孩說再見，轉身離開了。saygoodbyeto：說再見，故選D。（5）考查形容詞。根據后句Thenhesawababymonkey，busyblowingupaballoon.可知他感到非常驚訝。故選C。（6）考查介詞。句意：當越來越多的看上去可愛的動物在窗外出現時，他開始大笑。根據常理推測是窗戶外面，outside:在·····外面，故選A。（7）考查動詞短語。句意：不久之后，男孩能夠再次返回學校了。回去：gobackto,故選D。（8）考查動詞。句意：在那，他告訴他的朋友們他所看到的所有奇怪的事情。see：看見，故選B。（9）考查代詞。句意：突然，他看見他最好的朋友的書包里有某個奇怪的東西。根據上下文可知是男的他，修飾名詞要用形容詞，故選C。（10）考查固定短語。句意：這些是他最好的朋友用來讓他高興的東西。use:使用，故選A。【點評】考查綜合理解能力。首先通讀全文，掌握大意，然后根據上下文，固定搭配，語法知識，常識和邏輯推理等斟酌字句，選出恰當的答案，最后帶入答案，確保文章通順、完整。二、閱讀理解6．根據短文內容理解選擇正確答案。C

Whatisyourfavoritecolor?AskfamouspersonslikeCateBlanchett,ScarlettJohnson,andBono（singerforthebandU2）,andmaybetheywillsay“green.”That’snotbecausetheseartistslikethecolorgreenbest.Instead,theyareinterestedingreenfashion.

Greenfashionisaboutmaking（andwearing）clothesthataregoodforhumans,animals,andtheEarth.Inthepast,greenfashionmadepeoplethinkofuglyclothes.Buttoday,greenfashionisdifferent.ItisaboutlookinggoodandcaringabouttheEarthandotherpeople.Youcanhaveinterestingclothesandbegreen.

Aroundtheworld,greenfashionisbecomingpopular.Forexample,theU.K.companyPeopleTreesellsmen’sandwomen’sclothingandaccessories（配搭物）.Theyaremadefromnaturalfabrics（織物）likecottonandwool.WorkerswhomaketheclothesarefromcountrieslikeKenya（肯尼亞）,andBangladesh（孟加拉國）.PeopleTreepaysthemenandwomengoodmoneyfortheclothestheymake.SingerBonoandhiswifealsostartedaclothingcompanycalledEDUN.Whentheclothesaresold,EDUNusesmostofthemoneytohelppeoplearoundtheworld.（1）Fromthispassage,weknowthat“greenfashion”means________.A.

puttinggreencoloronyourface

B.

makingclothesfromgreentreesC.

wearingthecolorgreenallthetime

D.

wearingclothesthataregoodfortheEarth（2）Today,greenfashionis___________.A.

thesameasitwasinthepast

B.

makingpeopleworkharderC.

morepopularandinteresting

D.

mostlypopularwithfamouspersons（3）Whichsentenceaboutgreenclothingcompaniesistrue?A.

TheyareallinAfrica.

B.

Theydonotpaytheirworkerswell.C.

Theymakeclothesonlyforwomen.

D.

Theyusenaturalfabricstomakeclothes.（4）WhatdoesEDUNdo?A.

Itteachespeopletomakeclothes.

B.

Itmakesinterestingclothesforteenagers.C.

Itsellsclothesandusesthemoneytohelppeople.D.

Itpayspeoplegoodmoneyfortheclothestheymake.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】⑴細節理解。根據第二段Greenfashionisaboutmaking（andwearing）clothesthataregoodforhumans,animals,andtheEarth可知綠色時尚是做或者穿對人、動物和地球有益的衣服。故選D。⑵細節理解。根據第二段Buttoday,greenfashionisdifferent.和第三段Aroundtheworld,greenfashionisbecomingpopular可知當今綠色時尚更受歡迎。故選C。⑶細節理解。根據第三段可知heU.K.companyPeopleTreesellsmen'sandwomen'sclothingandaccessories（配搭物）.Theyaremadefromnaturalfabrics（織物）likecottonandwool.WorkerswhomaketheclothesarefromcountrieslikeKenya（肯尼亞）,andBangladesh（孟加拉國）.PeopleTreepaysthemenandwomengoodmoneyfortheclothestheymake.可知他們用天然纖維制作衣服。ABC錯誤，故選D。⑷細節理解。跟最后一句Whentheclothesaresold,EDUNusesmostofthemoneytohelppeoplearoundtheworld.可知他們用錢幫助全世界的人們。故選Ｃ【點評】閱讀理解考查對篇章的把握和對細節的識別能力，答題時注意緊扣問題中的關鍵詞，在文章中尋找答案。7．根據短文內容選擇正確答案。A

Awell-knownoldmanwasbeinginterviewedandwasaskedifitwascorrectthathehadjustcelebratedhisninety-ninthbirthday.

“That'sright.”saidtheoldman.“Ninety-nineyearsold,andIhaven'tanenemyintheworld.They'realldead.”

“Well,sir,”saidtheinterviewer,“Ihopeverymuchtohavethehonourofinterviewingyouonyourhundredthbirthday.”

Theoldmanlookedattheyoungmanclosely,andsaid,“Ican'tseewhyyoushouldn'tlookfitandhealthytome!”（1）Theoldmansaidhehadnotanenemyintheworld,whichshowsthathewasavery_______.A.

friendlymanhenevermadeanyenemies.

B.

healthymanhelivedlongerthanallhisenemiesC.

luckymanhisenemieshadalldied

D.

terriblemanhekilledallhisenemies（2）Whentheinterviewersaidthathehopedverymuchtohavethehonourofinterviewingtheoldmanagainthefollowingyear,________.A.

hewastryingtomaketheoldmanhappy

B.

hewishedhehimselfwouldliveanotheryearC.

hedidnotbelievetheoldmanwouldlivetobeonehundredD.

hedidnotbelievehewouldinterviewtheoldmanagain（3）Whentheoldmansaid,“Ican'tseewhyyoushouldn't”,whathemeantwas_____________.A.

“Youmusttrytoliveanotheryeartointerviewmeagainnextyear.”B.

“Ofcourseyoucanseemeagainsinceyou'resofitandhealthy.”C.

“IfIlivetoahundredyears,youshouldinterviewmeagain.”D.

“Unlessyouliveanotheryear,youwouldn'tbeabletointerviewmeagain.”【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）B【解析】【分析】本文講一個高齡老人的語言智慧。（1）細節理解。根據老人說Ihaven’tanenemyintheworld.They’realldead.可知老人是一個健康的人，他的敵人都死了。故選B。（2）推理判斷。根據句中的詞hope；havethehonourof等可知記者是祝愿老人健康長壽，故選A。（3）推理判斷。本句的意思是：我實在看不出你為什么會認為沒有機會再采訪我,你看起來還象我一樣健康著呢。記者本是好意祝愿老人長壽，但是聽起來好像是老人活不過一百歲似的。老人用開玩笑的方式來緩和記者說錯話的尷尬。故選B。【點評】故事類閱讀要緊扣故事的時間線索，人物間的關系，故事的發展和結局，點明的主旨等信息。答題時注意問題中的關鍵詞在文章中的準確定位，根據關鍵詞查找信息，切忌主觀臆斷，憑感覺做題8．閱讀理解

Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinfamilylifebecauseofscienceandindustry（工業）.Inthepast,whenmostAmericanslivedonfarms,thetypicalfamilyhadmanychildren.Inafarmfamily,parentsandtheirchildrenoftenlivedwithgrandparents.Usually,unclesandauntslivednearby.ButwhenindustrybecamemoreimportantthanagricultureinAmericanlife,familiesbecamesmallerbecauseindustryrequiresworkerswhoarereadyandabletomoveoffthelandandmoveagainwhenevernecessary.Andlargefamiliescannotmovefromplacetoplaceassmallerfamilies.So,atpresentpeopletendtohavesmallerfamilies.

Inthefuture,becauseofindustrialization,atypicalfamilywillberequiredtomoveevenmoreoftenthannow,sofamilieswillbeevensmaller.Thetypicalfamilymayremainchildlessandconsistonlyofamanandawoman.Asmallnumberoffamiliesmaytakeraisingchildrenastheirchiefwork.Atthesametimetheymayalsoraiseotherpeople'schildren,leavingthosefamiliesfreetomovefromjobtojob.（1）Whichofthefollowingtopicsisdiscussedinthepassage?A.

ThedevelopmentofscienceandindustryinAmerica.B.

TheinfluenceofscienceandindustryonAmericanfamilies.C.

Harmfuleffectofindustrialization.D.

Socialproblemsresultingfromthehighly-developedscienceandindustryinAmerica.（2）Whatkindsoffamiliesaredescribedinthepassage?A.

Familiesofthepastandthepresent.

B.

Familiesofthepresentandthefuture.C.

Familiesofthepastandthefuture.

D.

Familiesofthepast,thepresentandthefuture.（3）WhatisoneofthereasonsthatfamiliesaregettingsmallerinAmerica?A.

Childrentendtoleavetheirparentsandgrandparentswhentheygrowup.B.

Peoplestopcaringforchildren.C.

Theneedforworkerswhoareabletomoveatanytimehasbeenincreasing.D.

Botholdandyoungpeopleprefertolivebythemselves.（4）Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?A.

Scienceandindustryhavecausedthousandsoffamiliestosplit（破裂）.B.

Childrendonotlivewiththeirparentsorgrandparents.C.

Largefamiliescanhardlysurviveinmodernsociety.D.

Americansareverychoosyabouttheirjobs.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C（4）C【解析】【分析】文章大意：由于工業的發展，家庭也受到了影響，原來的家庭孩子多，而現在的家庭孩子少，由于工業的發展家庭會總是搬動，有的家庭只有一個孩子或者沒有孩子。（1）細節理解題，根據

Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinfamilylifebecauseofscienceandindustry（工業）.

可知家庭受到了科學和工業發展的影響，故答案是B。（2）細節理解題，根據文章內容可知，短文涉及到了過去的家庭，現在的家庭和將來的家庭，故答案是D。（3）細節理解題，根據Inthefuture,becauseofindustrialization,atypicalfamilywillberequiredtomoveevenmoreoftenthannow,sofamilieswillbeevensmaller.可知對于工人們能夠隨時搬動的需求，所以家庭變得原來越小，故答案是C。（4）邏輯推理題，根據文章內容可知，工人們可能會隨時要搬家，大的家庭就沒有這樣的便捷，所以大家庭就不適于生存在現代的社會，故答案是C。【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節理解題和邏輯推理題。細節理解題可以直接從文中尋找答案；邏輯推理題需要結合具體語境，由已知內容推出未知的可能的事實。9．閱讀理解

Whatcanwelearnfromthespecial,verysuccessfulpeopleintheworldwhomaketheimpossiblepossible?

Lesson1:Waysofcreativethinkingareneeded

BillGatesandMarkZuckerbergbothdroppedoutofcollege.Theyprefertoteachthemselvesbecausetheyliketodeveloptheirownwaysofthinking.Theythinkstandardwaysofteachingmightstoppeoplefrombeingcreativeandhavingnewideas.

Lesson2:Theanswermightnotbewhatyouexpect

Findyouranswersfromfacts-notstartwithanexpectationofwhatyouwillfind.StephenJacobsenbelievedwhathewastaught:thatwateronEarthcamefromicycomets（封星）orplanetswhichhitintoEarth.

However,bystudyingaspecialrock,hediscoveredthatitactedlikeasponge（海綿）.ThissuggestedthatEarth'swatermighthavecomefrominside,driventothesurfacetoformtheoceans,bygeologicalactivity.

"Ihadaprettyhardtimemakingothersbelieveit,"hesaid."Butthinkingaboutthefactthatyoumaybethefirstpersontoseesomethingforthefirsttimedoesn'thappenveryoften.Whenitdoes,it'samazing."

Lesson3:Alittleluckgoesalongway

Yearsofplanningwentintoarecentachievementinspacetravel.TheEuropeanSpaceAgency's"Philae",arobotlandingcraft,metupwithComet67P,whichwas480millionkilometresaway.ThetripfromEarthby"Philae"hadtakentenyears!

Thescientistshadnoideawhatthesurfaceofthecometwouldbelike.Ifthelandingfailed,itwouldbeimpossibletogetinformationfromthespacecraft.Twentyyearsofworkwouldhavebeenwasted.

When"Philae"triedtoland,itbounced（彈起）awayfromthecomet'sicysurfacetwice.Luckily,however,"Philae"landedsuccessfullyandbegansendinginformationbacktoEarth.（1）BillGatesandMarkZuckerbergleftcollegebecause____________.A.

theypreferredtolearnbythemselves

B.

theyneededstandardwaysofteachingC.

theirteachersdidn'tliketheirnewideas

D.

theirteachersweren'tabletoteachthem（2）InLesson2,thewritermainlywantstotellusthat___________.A.

weshouldgetanswersfromfactsB.

wecanbelievewhatwearetaughtC.

it'shardtomakeothersbelievesomethingD.

anexpectationcanhelpgetananswerinresearch（3）Theexampleof"Philae"inLesson3showsthat________.A.

Comet67PwasnotfarawayfromEarthB.

ittook"Philae"2oyearstoreachComet67PC.

"Philae"landedonComet67PwithalittleluckD.

scientistsknownothingaboutthesurfaceofComet67P（4）Thebesttitleforthispassageis_____.A.

Waysoflearning

B.

LessonsforsuccessC.

Waysofbeingspecial

D.

Lessonsforexperiments【答案】（1）A（2）A（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文介紹了我們能從世界上那些讓不可能成為可能的特別的、非常成功的人身上學到很多。（1）細節題。根據

BillGatesandMarkZuckerbergbothdroppedoutofcollege.Theyprefertoteachthemselvesbecausetheyliketodeveloptheirownwaysofthinking可知，比爾·蓋茨和馬克·扎克伯格離開大學是因為他們更喜歡自學，故選A。（2）主旨題。根據Findyouranswersfromfacts可知，作者主要想告訴我們應該從事實中得到答案，故選A。（3）推理題。根據TheEuropeanSpaceAgency's"Philae",arobotlandingcraft,metupwithComet67P歐洲航天局的“菲萊”號機器人登陸艇遇到了彗星67p和When"Philae"triedtoland,itbounced（彈起）awayfromthecomet'sicysurfacetwice.Luckily,however,"Philae"landedsuccessfullyandbegansendinginformationbacktoEarth當“菲萊”試圖著陸時，它反彈（彈起）遠離彗星冰冷的表面兩次。然而幸運的是，“菲萊”號成功著陸，并開始向地球發回信息，可知例子表明菲萊幸運地降落在彗星67p上，故選C。（4）主旨題。根據本文介紹了我們能從世界上那些讓不可能成為可能的特別的、非常成功的人身上學到很多，可知Lessonsforsuccess適合做標題，故選B。【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節題、推斷題和主旨題四種常考題型，細節題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯系上下文，推斷出需要的信息，主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。10．閱讀理解

Technologyiseverywhere.Weseeitanyplacewegoand,infact,almostallofuscarrysomepieceoftechnologywithuseverytimeweleavethehouse.WhatIalwaysforget,though,isjusthowusefulandpowerfultechnologycanbewhenwewanttohelpothers.

Thereisnotasingleroominmyhousethatdoesnothavesomeelectronicdevices（設備）lyingaroundinit.WheneverIamathome,Iamalmostalwaysusingatleastoneelectronicdevice.Ifyouwalkedintomylivingroomonanygivenday,youwouldfindthat,first,Ihavethetelevisionon.Atthesametime,Iusuallyhavemylaptoprestingonmyknee,orIwillbeusingmymobilephone.EvenwhenI'mnotathomeIamalwaysusingmyphone,andatworkorincafés,Isitdownandconnecttothelocalwirelessne