ICS43.040.10

CCST36

中華人民共和國國家標準

GB/T45120—2024

道路車輛48V供電電壓

電氣要求及試驗

Roadvehicles—Supplyvoltageof48V—

Electricalrequirementsandtests

（ISO21780：2020，MOD）

2024?12?31發布2024?12?31實施

國家市場監督管理總局

國家標準化管理委員會發布

GB/T45120—2024

目次

前言··························································································································Ⅲ

1范圍·······················································································································1

2規范性引用文件········································································································1

3術語和定義··············································································································1

4功能狀態·················································································································2

4.1通則·················································································································2

4.2功能狀態1（FS1）·································································································2

4.3功能狀態2（FS2）·································································································2

4.4功能狀態3（FS3）·································································································3

4.5功能狀態4（FS4）·································································································3

4.6功能狀態5（FS5）·································································································3

5供電電壓范圍···········································································································3

6功能類別·················································································································4

7工作模式·················································································································5

8試驗條件·················································································································5

8.1允差·················································································································5

8.2通用條件···········································································································5

8.3采樣率和數值分辨率····························································································5

8.4接口說明···········································································································6

8.5試驗樣品數········································································································6

8.6試驗電壓···········································································································6

8.7試驗流程···········································································································6

8.8參數檢查···········································································································6

8.9通過連續參數監控進行漂移分析·············································································7

8.10物理分析··········································································································7

9總體要求·················································································································7

9.1系統要求···········································································································7

9.2部件要求···········································································································7

10試驗和要求············································································································8

10.1試驗?01：標稱電壓范圍························································································8

10.2試驗?02：低暫壓范圍和高暫壓范圍·········································································9

10.3試驗?03：瞬時過電壓··························································································12

10.4試驗?04：供電部件拋負載控制··············································································13

Ⅰ

GB/T45120—2024

10.5試驗?05：啟動特性·····························································································15

10.6試驗?06：長時過電壓··························································································16

10.7試驗?07：可提供電能的耗能部件過電壓··································································17

10.8試驗?08：供電電壓降低和升高··············································································20

10.9試驗?09：電壓紋波·····························································································21

10.10試驗?10：復位特性···························································································23

10.11試驗?11：短時中斷供電·····················································································25

10.12試驗?12：接地失效···························································································26

10.13試驗?13：故障電流···························································································30

10.14試驗?14：接地偏移···························································································31

10.15試驗?15：信號線和負載電路短路·········································································33

10.16試驗?16：靜態電流···························································································35

附錄A（資料性）功能狀態和功能類別示例·······································································37

A.1功能狀態示例···································································································37

A.2功能類別示例···································································································37

BCANGND38

附錄（資料性）通信48失效使用示例·······························································

B.1基本原理·········································································································38

B.2激活發送·········································································································39

Ⅱ

GB/T45120—2024

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標準化工作導則第1部分：標準化文件的結構和起草規則》的規

定起草。

本文件修改采用ISO21780：2020《道路車輛48V供電電壓電氣要求及試驗》。

本文件與ISO21780：2020相比做了下述結構調整：

——3.2~3.11對應ISO21780：2020中的3.3~3.12；

——刪除了ISO21780：2020中的8.5，并將后續條款號順次提前；

——將ISO21780：2020中9.1的內容與第1章“范圍”合并，并將后續條款號順次提前；

——增加了10.12.1.1，并將后續條款號順延。

本文件與ISO21780：2020的技術差異及其原因如下：

——刪除了術語“火”及其定義（見ISO21780：2020的3.2）；

——更改了標稱電壓的定義，以適應我國的技術條件（見3.6、3.7）；

——為了與試驗方法保持一致，更改了“最高工作溫度”“最低工作溫度”“試驗溫度”的定義，將

DUT溫度改為DUT所在環境溫度（見3.8、3.9、3.11）；

58V~60V58V<≤60V54V~58V54V<

——更改了各個供電電壓范圍，將改為U48，改為

≤58V52V~54V52V<≤54V36V~52V36V≤≤52V31V~

U48，改為U48，改為U48，

36V31V≤<36V24V~31V24V≤<31V0V~24V0V≤<

改為U48，改為U48，改為U48

24V，明確當電壓處于邊界條件時電壓范圍的分類（見第5章）；

——在表2的表頭功能類別下方的功能類別等級前增加FC，與功能類別相對應（見第6章）；

——刪除了試驗限制條款（見ISO21780：2020的8.5），同時刪除了規范性引用的ISO/

IEC17025，我國對實驗室及設備的要求有獨立的體系，不需要在本文件中額外規定；

——用規范性引用的GB/T20967替換了EN13018（見8.8、8.10），以適應我國的技術條件，提高

可操作性；

910.4.4

——為了便于試驗結果的判定，在表中增加了U0一行（見）；

GNDGND

——為了保證技術內容一致性，在48失效試驗的最后一步閉合開關后及12/24失效試驗斷

STNTNDUT

開2后，將“監控US、UB以及1和2之間的通信和電流”改為“監控US、UB以及、

TNTN10.12.1.510.12.1.6

1和2之間的通信和電流”（見、）；

——用規范性引用的GB/T28046.2替換了ISO16750?2（見10.12.2.2），以適應我國的技術條件，

提高可操作性；

——增加了接地偏移試驗的試驗時長（見10.14.2），提高可操作性；

——將靜態電流試驗的技術內容改為不必都有喚醒階段，同時更改相應的試驗方法（見10.16），以

適用于各類與48V電源連接且永久供電的部件。

本文件做了下列編輯性動改：

——將ISO21780：2020中表2、表8、表12、表13、表17下方的條文注改為表注；

——將第7章注中“本文件不需要工作模式1、3”改為“本文件不需要工作模式1、3、4”，與

ISO16750?1：2023的技術內容保持一致；

11

——調整了表中U0和U1的順序；

——調整了表16中駐留時間和頻率步長的順序；

1812V/24V

——將圖中U12/24的說明改為供電電壓，改正印刷錯誤；

Ⅲ

GB/T45120—2024

DUTTNTN10.11.210.11.2

——將“、1和2之間的通信按的規定進行工作和監控”中的改為

10.12.2，改正印刷錯誤（見10.12.1.4）；

B.1

——將圖中VCAN改為VCANH，改正印刷錯誤。

請注意本文件的某些內容可能涉及專利。本文件的發布機構不承擔識別專利的責任。

本文件由中華人民共和國工業和信息化部提出。

本文件由全國汽車標準化技術委員會（SAC/TC114）歸口。

本文件起草單位：泛亞汽車技術中心有限公司、中國汽車技術研究中心有限公司、河南天海電器有

限公司、重慶長安汽車股份有限公司、北京國家新能源汽車技術創新中心有限公司、威凱（上海）檢測技

術有限公司、上海法雷奧汽車電器系統有限公司、吉利汽車研究院（寧波）有限公司、中國電子技術標準

化研究院、徐州徐工汽車制造有限公司、東風汽車有限公司東風日產乘用車公司、中國重型汽車集團有

限公司、長城汽車股份有限公司、寧德時代新能源科技股份有限公司、上汽大眾汽車有限公司、上海電

器設備檢測所有限公司、中國汽車工程研究院股份有限公司、阿美特克商貿（上海）有限公司北京分公

司、北京汽車研究總院有限公司、深圳市航盛電子股份有限公司、中車時代電動汽車股份有限公司、安

徽江淮汽車集團股份有限公司、上汽通用五菱汽車股份有限公司、襄陽達安汽車檢測中心有限公司、廣

州汽車集團股份有限公司、北京車和家汽車科技有限公司、東風柳州汽車有限公司、一汽?大眾汽車有

限公司、北京索德電氣工業有限公司、中國電器科學研究院股份有限公司。

本文件主要起草人：錢慧杰、文清浩、郭得歲、張文青、吳倩、黃凱兵、沈黎吉、朱宏斌、徐殿、周小貞、

王沖、崔強、錢寶存、鄭廣州、張旺威、王龍、路志強、劉勝東、楊國樑、陳穎、張樂敏、楊加淇、杜全輝、

段永亮、張輝、趙陽、李偉聰、雷波、邵杰、譚功偉、陳文慶、劉永彬、展新、李育方、楊文輝、宋朋宇、華旸、

高一盼。

Ⅳ

GB/T45120—2024

道路車輛48V供電電壓

電氣要求及試驗

1范圍

本文件規定了道路車輛中標稱電壓為直流48V的電氣和電子部件的電氣要求