鋼結構的連接ConnectionofSteelStructures主講教師：李琪Lecturer:LiQi目錄Contents一、鋼結構連接的類型I.Connectiontypesofsteelstructures二、主要連接方式及其特點II.Mainconnectionmodesandtheircharacteristics鋼結構的構件Membersofsteelstructures李琪LiQi主講教師Lecturer鋼結構的構件Membersofsteelstructures課程導入CourseIntroduction鋼結構建筑在我國的應用越來越廣泛。TheapplicationofsteelstructurebuildingsinChinaisbecomingincreasinglywidespread.鋼結構的構件Membersofsteelstructures鳥巢Bird'sNest鋼結構的構件Membersofsteelstructures北京大興國際機場BeijingDaxingInternationalAirport鋼結構的構件Membersofsteelstructures車站Stations鋼結構的構件Membersofsteelstructures高層建筑High-risebuildings鋼結構的構件Membersofsteelstructures課程導入CourseIntroduction很多鋼結構建筑在制作安裝技術方面具有世界一流水平。Manysteelstructurebuildingshaveworld-classmanufacturingandinstallationtechnology.國家體育場鳥巢NationalStadium-Bird'sNest廣州塔CantonTower中央電視臺總部大樓CCTVHeadquartersBuilding貴州北盤江大橋BeipanjiangBridgeinGuizhou國家體育場鳥巢NationalStadium-Bird'sNest廣州塔CantonTower中央電視臺總部大樓CCTVHeadquartersBuilding貴州北盤江大橋BeipanjiangBridgeinGuizhou鋼結構建筑Steelstructurebuildings鋼結構的構件Membersofsteelstructures鋼結構的構件Membersofsteelstructures一I鋼結構的結構體系Structuralsystemofsteelstructure鋼結構由各類桿件通過不同的連接方式組成結構體系。Thesteelstructureconsistsofvariousbarsconnectedindifferentwaystoformastructuralsystem.桁架結構Trussstructure排架結構Bentstructure剛架結構Rigidframestructure鋼結構由各類桿件通過不同的連接方式組成結構體系。Thesteelstructureconsistsofvariousbarsconnectedindifferentwaystoformastructuralsystem.網架結構Spacetrussstructure多高層結構Multi-high-risestructure（一）桁架結構(I)Trussstructure桁架是由桿件在桿端，通常用鉸連接而成的結構，是格構化的一種梁式結構。Thetrussisakindofbeamstructure,whichisusuallycomposedofbarswiththehingedconnectionatthebarend.上弦桿Upperchordmember腹桿Webmember下弦桿Bottomchord平面桁架Planetruss空間桁架Spatialtruss桁架Truss平面桁架Planetruss空間桁架Spatialtruss（一）桁架結構(I)Trussstructure平面桁架Planetruss空間桁架Spatialtruss桁架Truss三角形桁架Triangulartruss平行弦桁架Parallelchordtruss折弦桁架Foldedchordtruss平面桁架Planetruss平面桁架Planetruss平面桁架橋Planetrussbridge屋架Rooftruss（一）桁架結構(I)Trussstructure北京大興國際機場航站樓BeijingDaxingInternationalAirportTerminal（一）桁架結構(I)Trussstructure（二）排架結構(II)Bentstructure排架結構是指由梁（或桁架）與柱鉸接、柱與基礎剛接的結構形式，一般采用鋼筋混凝土柱，多用于工業廠房。Bentstructurereferstothestructuralforminwhichbeams(ortrusses)arehingedwithcolumnsandcolumnsarerigidlyconnectedwiththefoundation.Itgenerallyusesreinforcedconcretecolumnsandisoftenusedinindustrialbuildings.上海寶鋼生產車間ShanghaiBaosteelProductionWorkshop（三）剛架結構(III)Rigidframestructure剛架結構是梁、柱單元構件的組合體。Arigidframestructureisacompositebodyofbeamandcolumnmembers.（三）剛架結構(III)Rigidframestructure門式剛架的桿件部分或全部采用剛結點連接而成，是輕鋼結構中最常見的一種結構形式。Thebarsoftheportal-rigidframearepartiallyorcompletelyconnectedbyrigidjoints,whichisthemostcommonstructuralforminlightsteelstructures.（三）剛架結構(III)Rigidframestructure門式剛架的桿件部分或全部采用剛結點連接而成，是輕鋼結構中最常見的一種結構形式。Thebarsoftheportal-rigidframearepartiallyorcompletelyconnectedbyrigidjoints,whichisthemostcommonstructuralforminlightsteelstructures.（三）剛架結構(III)Rigidframestructure單跨雙坡Single-spandouble-slope雙跨雙坡Double-spandouble-slope多跨雙坡Multi-spandouble-slope單跨雙坡帶挑檐Single-spandouble-slopewithoverhangingeaves單跨單坡帶毗屋Single-spansingle-slopewithcontiguoushouses雙跨單坡Double-spansingle-slope縱向帶夾層Longitudinalwithinterlayer端跨帶夾層Endspanwithinterlayer按跨數分：Bynumberofspans:按起坡分：Bythestartingslope:門式剛架結構開間大，柱網布置靈活，廣泛應用于各類工業廠房、倉庫、體育館等公共建筑。Theportalrigidframestructurehasalargebayandflexiblecolumngridarrangement,whichiswidelyusedinvariouspublicbuildingssuchasindustrialplants,warehouses,andgymnasiums.（四）多高層結構(IV)Multi-high-risestructure鋼框架結構由梁和柱構成承重體系，承受豎向力和側向力。Thesteelframestructureconsistsofbeamsandcolumnstoformaload-bearingsystemthatbearsverticalloadsandlateralloads.基本結構體系：Basicstructuralsystem:柱—支撐體系Column-supportsystem純框架體系Pureframesystem框架—支撐體系Frame-supportsystem1.鋼框架結構1.Steelframestructure（四）多高層結構(IV)Multi-high-risestructure框架—支撐體系Frame-supportsystem這種體系形式是在建筑的橫向用純鋼框架，在縱向布置適當數量的豎向柱間支撐，用來加強縱向剛度，以減少框架的用鋼量，并且由于橫向純鋼框架無柱間支撐，便于生產、物流等功能的安排。Thissystemformusespuresteelframesinthetransversedirectionofthebuildingandarrangesanappropriatenumberofverticalinter-columnsupportsinthelongitudinaldirectiontostrengthenthelongitudinalstiffnessandreducetheamountofsteelusedbytheframe.Sincethereisnointer-columnsupportforthehorizontalpuresteelframe,itfacilitatesthearrangementofproduction,peopleflow,logistics,andotherfunctions.1.鋼框架結構1.Steelframestructure（四）多高層結構(IV)Multi-high-risestructure這種體系形式是在建筑的橫向用純鋼框架，在縱向布置適當數量的豎向柱間支撐，用來加強縱向剛度，以減少框架的用鋼量，并且由于橫向純鋼框架無柱間支撐，便于生產、物流等功能的安排。Thissystemformusespuresteelframesinthetransversedirectionofthebuildingandarrangesanappropriatenumberofverticalinter-columnsupportsinthelongitudinaldirectiontostrengthenthelongitudinalstiffnessandreducetheamountofsteelusedbytheframe.Sincethereisnointer-columnsupportforthehorizontalpuresteelframe,itfacilitatesthearrangementofproduction,peopleflow,logistics,andotherfunctions.1.鋼框架結構1.Steelframestructure框架—支撐體系Frame-supportsystem（四）多高層結構(IV)Multi-high-risestructure這種體系形式是在建筑的橫向用純鋼框架，在縱向布置適當數量的豎向柱間支撐，用來加強縱向剛度，以減少框架的用鋼量，并且由于橫向純鋼框架無柱間支撐，便于生產、物流等功能的安排。Thissystemformusespuresteelframesinthetransversedirectionofthebuildingandarrangesanappropriatenumberofverticalinter-columnsupportsinthelongitudinaldirectiontostrengthenthelongitudinalstiffnessandreducetheamountofsteelusedbytheframe.Sincethereisnointer-columnsupportforthehorizontalpuresteelframe,itfacilitatesthearrangementofproduction,peopleflow,logistics,andotherfunctions.1.鋼框架結構1.Steelframestructure框架—支撐體系Frame-supportsystem（四）多高層結構(IV)Multi-high-risestructure這種體系形式是在建筑的橫向用純鋼框架，在縱向布置適當數量的豎向柱間支撐，用來加強縱向剛度，以減少框架的用鋼量，并且由于橫向純鋼框架無柱間支撐，便于生產、物流等功能的安排。Thissystemformusespuresteelframesinthetransversedirectionofthebuildingandarrangesanappropriatenumberofverticalinter-columnsupportsinthelongitudinaldirectiontostrengthenthelongitudinalstiffnessandreducetheamountofsteelusedbytheframe.Sincethereisnointer-columnsupportforthehorizontalpuresteelframe,itfacilitatesthearrangementofproduction,peopleflow,logistics,andotherfunctions.1.鋼框架結構1.Steelframestructure框架—支撐體系Frame-supportsystem（四）多高層結構(IV)Multi-high-risestructure框架剪力墻結構在框架結構的基礎上加入了剪力墻以抵抗側向力。剪力墻一般為鋼筋混凝土，或采用鋼混組合結構。Theframeshearwallstructureaddsashearwalltoresistlateralloadsbasedontheframestructure.Theshearwallisgenerallyreinforcedconcreteorsteel-concretecompositestructure.2.框架剪力墻結構2.Frameshearwallstructure（四）多高層結構(IV)Multi-high-risestructure這種結構體系一般由鋼筋混凝土核心筒與外圈鋼框架組合而成，核心筒墻體內可以設置一定數量的型鋼骨架，外圈鋼框架是由鋼柱與鋼梁剛接而成。Thisstructuralsystemtypicallyconsistsofareinforcedconcretecoretubeandanouterringsteelframe.Acertainnumberofsectionsteelskeletonscanbesetinsidethewallofthecoretube,andtheouterringsteelframeisrigidlyconnectedbysteelcolumnsandsteelbeams.3.框筒結構3.Frametubestructure許多鋼結構的超高層建筑都是這樣的框筒結構。Manysuperhigh-risebuildingswithsteelstructuresareofsuchframetubestructure.（五）網架結構(V)Spacetrussstructure網架結構是指由多根桿件按照一定的網格形式通過節點連結而成的空間結構。Thespacetrussstructurereferstothespatialstructureformedbyconnectingmultiplebarsthroughnodesinacertainmeshform.優點：用鋼量省、空間剛度大、整體性好、易于標準化生產和現場拆裝等。Advantages:Lowsteelconsumption,largespatialstiffness,goodintegrity,easystandardizedproduction,andon-sitedisassemblyandassembly.應用范圍：車站、機場、體育場館、影劇院等大跨度公共建筑。Applicationrange:Long-spanpublicbuildingssuchasstations,airports,stadiumsandcinemas.二II鋼構件的主要受力形式Mainbearingformofsteelmember軸心受力構件Axiallyloadedmember受彎構件Flexuralmember拉彎和壓彎構件Tension-bendingandcompression-bendingmember（一）軸心受力構件(I)Axiallyloadedmember平面桁架Planetruss空間桁架Spatialtruss1.軸心受力構件的應用1.Applicationofaxiallyloadedmembers（一）軸心受力構件(I)Axiallyloadedmember發射塔Launchingtower電力塔Electricitypylon1.軸心受力構件的應用1.Applicationofaxiallyloadedmembers（一）軸心受力構件(I)Axiallyloadedmember網架結構Spacetrussstructure網殼結構Shellstructure1.軸心受力構件的應用1.Applicationofaxiallyloadedmembers（一）軸心受力構件(I)Axiallyloadedmember桁架節點Trussnode網架節點Spacetrussnode1.軸心受力構件的應用1.Applicationofaxiallyloadedmembers（一）軸心受力構件(I)Axiallyloadedmember實腹式Solid-webtype格構式Latticetype2.截面形式2.Cross-sectionalform

（一）軸心受力構件(I)Axiallyloadedmember軋制型鋼截面Rolledsteelsection2.截面形式——實腹式2.Cross-sectionalform—Solid-webtype鋼管Steelpipe工字鋼I-beamH型鋼H-beam角鋼組合截面Compositesectionofanglesteel槽鋼Channelsteel角鋼Anglesteel

（一）軸心受力構件(I)Axiallyloadedmember焊接組合截面Weldedcompositesection焊接工字形截面WeldedI-shapedsection焊接十字形截面Weldedcross-shapedsection焊接箱形截面Weldedboxsection2.截面形式——實腹式2.Cross-sectionalform—Solid-webtype

（一）軸心受力構件(I)Axiallyloadedmember2.截面形式——格構式2.Cross-sectionalform—Latticetype

雙肢柱Double-limbcolumn

三肢柱Three-limbcolumn

四肢柱Four-limbcolumn

柱肢Columnlimb綴條Latticebar綴板Latticeplate（一）軸心受力構件(I)Axiallyloadedmember3.計算內容3.Calculationcontents軸心受拉構件Axialtensilemembers點擊添加標題文字Clickheretoaddatitle軸心受壓構件Axialcompressionmembers承載能力極限狀態Ultimatelimitstateofbearingcapacity強度（材料屈服）Strength(materialyield)正常使用極限狀態Serviceabilitylimitstate剛度（長細比）Stiffness(slendernessratio)承載能力極限狀態Ultimatelimitstateofbearingcapacity強度（材料屈服）Strength(materialyield)整體穩定、局部穩定Overallstability,localstability正常使用極限狀態Serviceabilitylimitstate剛度（長細比）Stiffness(slendernessratio)

（二）軸心受力構件(II)Axiallyloadedmembers1.實腹式受彎構件1.Solid-webflexuralmember2.格構式受彎構件2.Lattice-typeflexuralmember

（二）軸心受力構件(II)Axiallyloadedmembers1.實腹式受彎構件——梁1.Solid-webflexuralmember—Beam屋面梁Roofbeam吊車梁Cranebeam檁條Purlin

（二）軸心受力構件(II)Axiallyloadedmembers1.實腹式受彎構件——梁1.Solid-webflexuralmember—Beam實腹式Solid-webtype型鋼梁Profilesteelbeam組合梁Compositebeam熱軋型鋼Hot-rolledsteel冷彎薄壁型鋼Cold-formedthin-walledsteel焊接或栓接組合梁Weldedorboltedcompositebeam鋼與混凝土組合梁Steel-concretecompositebeam異種鋼組合梁Dissimilarsteelcompositebeam

（二）軸心受力構件(II)Axiallyloadedmembers1.實腹式受彎構件——梁1.Solid-webflexuralmember—Beam熱軋型鋼截面Hot-rolledsteelsection冷彎薄壁型鋼截面Cold-formedthin-walledsteelsection截面分布合理，優先采用。Reasonablecross-sectiondistributionispreferred.

（二）軸心受力構件(II)Axiallyloadedmembers1.實腹式受彎構件——梁1.Solid-webflexuralmember—Beam組合截面Compositesection兩層鋼板加強翼緣Stiffenedflangewithtwolayersofsteelplates荷載較大或抗扭要求較高時采用Adoptedwhentheloadislargeorthehightorsionalrequirementsofthebeam

（二）軸心受力構件(II)Axiallyloadedmembers2.格構式受彎構件——

桁架2.Lattice-typeflexuralmember—Truss屋架Rooftruss托架Bracket吊車桁架Cranetruss

（二）軸心受力構件(II)Axiallyloadedmembers3.計算內容3.Calculationcontents承載能力極限狀態Ultimatelimitstateofbearingcapacity強度Strength穩定性Stability抗彎強度Flexuralstrength抗剪強度Shearstrength局部壓應力Localcompressivestress折算應力Reducedstress整體穩定Overallstability局部穩定Localstability翼緣Flange腹板（設置加勁肋）Webplate(withstiffeningribs)正常使用極限狀態→剛度（撓度）Serviceabilitylimitstate→Stiffness(deflection)

（三）拉彎和壓彎構件(III)Tension-bendingandcompression-bendingmembers1.拉彎和壓彎構件的受力特點1.Loadcharacteristicsoftension-bendingandcompression-bendingmembers

偏心受力Eccentricstress橫向荷載Lateralload端彎矩Endbendingmoment端彎矩Endbendingmoment

（三）拉彎和壓彎構件(III)Tension-bendingandcompression-bendingmembers2.拉彎和壓彎構件的應用2.Applicationoftension-bendingandcompression-bendingmembers有節間荷載的桁架桿件Trussbarswithinter-sectionloads計算簡圖CalculationDiagram

（三）拉彎和壓彎構件(III)Tension-bendingandcompression-bendingmembers2.拉彎和壓彎構件的應用2.Applicationoftension-bendingandcompression-bendingmembers工業廠房框架柱Factoryframecolumnsinindustrialplants計算簡圖CalculationDiagram框架柱Framecolumn

（三）拉彎和壓彎構件(III)Tension-bendingandcompression-bendingmembers2.拉彎和壓彎構件的應用2.Applicationoftension-bendingandcompression-bendingmembers多層或高層建筑中的框架柱