PAGE第5講非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞Ⅰ.語(yǔ)法填空1.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang’e-4tofind(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.2.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)Theyrepresenttheearthcoming(come)backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.3.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimesdecorated(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.4.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)Theyareeasytocare(care)forandmakegreatpresents.

5.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftcloudssurrounding(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.6.(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoidlooking(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn’tfeelchallenged(challenge).7.(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Modernmethodsareexpensivetoperform(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.Ⅰ.語(yǔ)法填空四謹(jǐn)記1.巧記三種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)的基本區(qū)分(1)若非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,且正在進(jìn)行,要想到用現(xiàn)在分詞形式(doing);(2)若非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且表完成,要想到用過(guò)去分詞形式(done);(3)若非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表將來(lái)的動(dòng)作,作狀語(yǔ)表示目的,在喜怒哀樂(lè)的形容詞后作緣由或意料之外的結(jié)果等,要想到用不定式形式(todo)。2.駕馭非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句型公式It’s+形容詞+(for/ofsb.+)todosth.;It’snogood/use/pleasuredoingsth.;find/think/believe/consider+it+adj.+todosth.。3.牢記用動(dòng)名詞或不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞4.巧辨謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(1)一個(gè)句子無(wú)論是主句還是從句,必須要有謂語(yǔ),一般空格所在的句子中無(wú)其他動(dòng)詞,則填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要考慮時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)主謂一樣等;(2)若句中找到了謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,而又找不到連詞(并列連詞或從句連詞)時(shí),則所給動(dòng)詞肯定用作非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞須要確定是-ing形式、過(guò)去分詞形式還是不定式形式。Ⅱ.短文改錯(cuò)1.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Ilikeeatingfryingtomatoeswitheggs,andIthoughtitmustbeeasytocook.(frying→fried)2.(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)IfIsucceedinmanageone,Iwillopenmore.(manage→managing)3.(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Allthefootballplayersontheplaygroundcheeredloudly,saythatIhadatalentforfootball.(say→saying)4.(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)NomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtowatchingthem,myparentswouldnotletme.(watching→watch)5.(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Mygrandpasaidlastsummertheyearnedquitealotbysellthefish.(sell→selling)Ⅱ.短文改錯(cuò)二定法1.“五”檢查識(shí)別非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤(1)檢查介詞后的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是否正確;(2)檢查作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式是否合適;(3)檢查并列結(jié)構(gòu)中非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式是否一樣;(4)檢查分詞作狀語(yǔ)是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng);(5)檢查是否該有不定式符號(hào)to。2.重點(diǎn)關(guān)注-ing,-ed形容詞區(qū)分(1)在英語(yǔ)中,有許多以-ing和-ed結(jié)尾的詞,可以用作名詞修飾語(yǔ),構(gòu)成形容詞。一般而言,由-ing轉(zhuǎn)化來(lái)的形容詞通常帶有主動(dòng)意義,由-ed轉(zhuǎn)化來(lái)的形容詞則帶有被動(dòng)意義。(2)動(dòng)詞的-ed形式作表語(yǔ),主要表示主語(yǔ)的心理感覺(jué)或所處的狀態(tài),含有被動(dòng)的意思;而-ing形式作表語(yǔ)多表示主語(yǔ)具有的特征,含有主動(dòng)的意思。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是指在句子中不是謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞,主要包括不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞(動(dòng)詞-ing形式和-ed形式),即動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞除了不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)外,可以擔(dān)當(dāng)句子的其他成分。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是相對(duì)的概念。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)一覽表類別時(shí)態(tài)形式語(yǔ)態(tài)形式主動(dòng)被動(dòng)動(dòng)詞不定式一般式todotobedone進(jìn)行式tobedoing—完成式tohavedonetohavebeendonev.-ing一般式完成式doingbeingdone過(guò)去分詞一般式done—1.主、被動(dòng)形式非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與邏輯主語(yǔ)(通常是句子的主語(yǔ))之間存在主謂、動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間存在主謂關(guān)系時(shí),用主動(dòng)形式;與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí),用被動(dòng)形式。※IgotalettersayingthatIwasadmittedtoakeyuniversity.※Thebridgetobebuiltwillbethelongestoneonthisriver.2.時(shí)間先后關(guān)系依據(jù)它與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之間的時(shí)間先后關(guān)系定時(shí)態(tài):(1)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之后或同時(shí)發(fā)生,用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一般式;(2)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前,用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的完成式。※Hearingtheinspiringnews,theyalljumpedwithjoy.※IseemtohaveinvolvedmyselfinsomethingIdon’tunderstand.【小題快練】單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thosewhobreakthelawwillnotescapebeingpunished(punish).

②Seeing(see)theplatoonleaderreturning,everybodyrusheduptomeethim.③Havingplayed(play)allday,youmustbethirsty.④Heissaidtohavestudied(study)abroad,butIdon’tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)1.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中能作主語(yǔ)的有動(dòng)詞-ing形式和不定式。(1)動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)表示一般的、抽象的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,不定式作主語(yǔ)表示詳細(xì)的、一次性的或尚未做的動(dòng)作。※Listeningtomusicismysister’shobby.※Todothisistocutthefoottofittheshoe.(2)it作形式主語(yǔ),代替真正作主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)詞-ing形式。常見(jiàn)句型有:Itis/wasnouse/good+doingsth.;Itis/wasnotanyuse/good+doingsth.;Itis/wasoflittleuse/good+doingsth.;Itis/wasuselessdoingsth.;It’sawasteoftimedoingsth.等。※ItwasnousepretendingthatIhadnotseenhim,soIwavedtohim.※Itisnogoodtryingthatmethod,becauseitwon’twork.※Itisimportantforustomeetpersonallyalthoughwehavebeenintouchinvariousways.2.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中能作表語(yǔ)的有動(dòng)詞-ing形式、動(dòng)詞-ed形式和不定式。留意動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語(yǔ)意為“令人感到……的”,而過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)意為本身“感到……的”。※TheaimofthefestivalistoincreaseawarenessofHinducultureandtraditions.※Atfirstshewasterrified,thenshepulledherselftogether.※Themostterrifyingaspectofnuclearbombingisradiation.【小題快練】單句語(yǔ)法填空①Hetoldmewhathadhappenedinafrightened(frighten)voice.②Itisimportantforustoget(get)intocontactwiththemassoonaspossible.③Gettingtired(tire)ofTom’sall-talk-no-actionattitude,Juliadecidedtodothejoballbyherself.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)1.只能跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞和短語(yǔ):suggest,imagine,mind,admit,practice,allow,risk,keep,keepon,avoid,escape,enjoy,consider,excuse,finish,miss,insiston,lookforwardto,feellike,getdownto,objectto等。2.只能跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞和短語(yǔ):agree,intend/plan,demand,promise,help,prepare,decide,refuse,choose,wish/hope,want,expect,fail,pretend,manage,determine,beg,arrange,threaten,claim,hesitate,happen等。3.既可跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式又可跟不定式的動(dòng)詞和短語(yǔ):remember,forget,regret,stop,goon,mean,start,begin,try等。如:※Doyourememberbeingintroducedtoourpresidentwhenyouvisitedourschoollastmonth?※Iregrettoinformyouhediedasaconsequenceofhisinjuries.4.不定式作decide,know,consider,forget,learn,remember,show,understand,see,wonder,hear,findout,explain,tell等動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)時(shí),前面常帶引導(dǎo)詞how,what,whether,where,when,who等。※Thefatherwonderedhowtoanswerhisson’squestion.5.need,require,want作“須要”講,deserve作“應(yīng)受,應(yīng)得”講時(shí),其后接動(dòng)詞-ing形式的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義或不定式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。※Thisworkneedsdoing/tobedonecarefully.※Theboyrichlydeservedpunishing.6.固定句式do/have/其他動(dòng)詞+sth.+but/except(to)dosth.中的不定式用法。此結(jié)構(gòu)要遵循前有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do,but后則無(wú)to,反之則有to的原則。※Ihavenothingbutpraiseforthepolice.※Ihavealotofhomeworkeveryday,andIhavenochoicebuttodoit.【小題快練】單句語(yǔ)法填空①Heissoillthathedoesn’tfeellikeeating(eat)anything.②Ipretendedtobe(be)asleepbutinfactIwasawake.

③Iregrettoinform(inform)youthatIcannotattendthemeetingonFriday.

④Itriedtostand(stand)up,butIwascompletelyexhausted.

⑤Bytheendofclass,sheunderstoodhowtoget(get)themright.⑥Icoulddonothingbutjoin(join)himafterIhesitatedforafewhours.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)1.“五看二聽(tīng)一感覺(jué)”的感官動(dòng)詞和短語(yǔ)(see,watch,observe,notice,lookat,hear,listento,feel)后面的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)的有三種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式(do/doing/done)。do表主動(dòng)和完成(被動(dòng)句中to還原),doing主動(dòng)或正在進(jìn)行,done表被動(dòng)或完成。※IheardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedby.※Ididn’tnoticehimgetonthesamebus.2.熱點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞let,make,have,get,leave,keep,find后接非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。※Theteacherhadusmakeupconversationsduringclasses.※Theteachergotthestudentstolookupallthewordstheydidn’tknow.3.固定短語(yǔ),如advise/allow/encourage/request/warnsb.todosth.等。※Thepoliceexaminedthecarsandallowedthemtogoahead.4.with/without復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)常用形式:※Withalltheworkfinished,theywentouttoplay.※Iwon’tbeabletogoonholidaywithmymotherbeingill.※Ican’tgooutwithalltheseclothestowash.【小題快練】單句語(yǔ)法填空①M(fèi)ostoftheparentsagreetoforbidtheirchildrentosmoke(smoke).②Don’tletyourchildrenplay(play)withmatches.③Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked(lock).④Apolicemansawtwothievesstealing(steal)agirl’smobilephoneonabusandhecaughtthematonce.⑤Withsomanypeopletohelp(help)us,wearesuretofinishitintime.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)一、動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)1.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)通常置于所修飾的名詞或代詞之后,與所修飾的詞之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂或動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。※Hewasthelastonetoleaveschoolyesterday.(主謂關(guān)系)※Shehasalotofworktodointhemorning.(動(dòng)賓關(guān)系)【點(diǎn)津】動(dòng)詞不定式既可用主動(dòng)形式也可用被動(dòng)形式,但其含義有所不同。試比較:※Doyouhaveanythingtobuy?(動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是“你”)※Doyouhaveanythingtobebought?(動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是“我”或“別人”)2.當(dāng)名詞或代詞被序數(shù)詞,形容詞最高級(jí),thelast,theonly等修飾,且不定式與其邏輯主語(yǔ)為主謂關(guān)系時(shí),常用動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)。※Thebestplacetocatchfishonacanalisclosetoalock.3.當(dāng)被修飾詞是表示抽象意義的名詞時(shí),常用不定式作后置定語(yǔ),且不定式常用主動(dòng)形式。常見(jiàn)的此類名詞有ability,chance,idea,attempt,plan,way,opportunity等。※Weshoulddevelopthestudents’abilitytosolveproblems.【點(diǎn)津】在作定語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式中,假如其中的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞,不定式后面就要用必要的介詞。但是假如被不定式修飾的名詞為place,time,way等,不定式后面的介詞習(xí)慣上可以省去。※Wouldyoupleasegivemesomepapertowriteon?※Theshoppingmallisagoodplacetogo.二、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語(yǔ)當(dāng)該動(dòng)詞與被修飾的名詞之間為主謂關(guān)系或用來(lái)表示被修飾的名詞的用途時(shí),用動(dòng)詞-ing形式。※Thechildstandingoverthereismybrother.【點(diǎn)津】被修飾的名詞與修飾詞之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系且表正在進(jìn)行時(shí),用動(dòng)詞-ing形式的被動(dòng)形式作定語(yǔ),表示該動(dòng)作的被動(dòng)和進(jìn)行。※Thehousebeingbuiltovertherewillbeournewlibrary.三、動(dòng)詞-ed形式作定語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ed形式作定語(yǔ),分詞與被修飾的名詞之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。※ThebookwrittenbyMoyanisverypopular.【點(diǎn)津】作定語(yǔ)的不及物動(dòng)詞的分詞形式為doing和done,doing表示正在進(jìn)行;done表示已經(jīng)完成。boilingwater正在沸騰的水boiledwater開(kāi)水【小題快練】單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theproblemdiscussed(discuss)atthemeetingroomyesterdaywasinvain.②Themeetingtobeheld(hold)nextweekisabouthowwecandealwiththisproblem.③Theboycrying(cry)overthereismyyoungerbrother.④Whatdoyouthinkisthebestwaytoprotect(protect)thewildanimals?

⑤Doyouhaveanythingtosay(say)foryourself?

⑥D(zhuǎn)oyouhavetheabilitytoread(read)andwriteEnglish.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)1.動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ),表示目的、結(jié)果、緣由等。(1)作目的狀語(yǔ),有時(shí)用inorderto或soasto,但soasto不用于句首。※(2024·江蘇高考)Toenjoytheconvenienceofdigitalpayment,manyseniorcitizensstartedtousesmartphones.※Inordertocatchthetrain,shehurriedthroughherwork.(2)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),其邏輯主語(yǔ)通常是句子的主語(yǔ),常用結(jié)構(gòu)enoughto,so/such...to,too...to...,onlyto等。※You’reoldenoughtotravelonthetrainbyyourself.※Hewassofoolishastoleavehiscarunlocked.(3)作緣由狀語(yǔ),此時(shí)常與表示情感的形容詞連用,如glad,happy,frightened,surprised等。※Hewassurprisedtofindhisroomthoroughlycleanedandeverythingarrangedinperfectorder.【點(diǎn)津】動(dòng)詞不定式也可以跟在一些作表語(yǔ)的形容詞easy,hard,difficult,pleasant,good,fit,comfortable等后面作狀語(yǔ),構(gòu)成“主語(yǔ)+be+形容詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu),不定式用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。※Thematerialsaresoftandcomfortabletowear.2.動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ),常表緣由、伴隨、時(shí)間、結(jié)果等,與句子主語(yǔ)之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。※Wehearofwomenwhorunaway,leavingbehindtheirhomesandfamilies.※(2024·天津高考)Thedancer’sincredibleperformancehadtheaudienceonitsfeetclappingfor10minutesattheendoftheshow.【點(diǎn)津】動(dòng)詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí),常表示意想不到的結(jié)果;而動(dòng)詞-ing形式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí),常表示自然而然的結(jié)果。※Hurriedtothestation,onlytofindthetrainhadleft.3.動(dòng)詞-ed形式作狀語(yǔ)(1)動(dòng)詞-ed形式作狀語(yǔ),分詞與句子主語(yǔ)之間存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。※(2024·江蘇高考)Technologicalinnovations,combinedwithgoodmarketing,willpromotethesalesoftheseproducts.(2)某些動(dòng)詞-ed形式已經(jīng)形容詞化,且往往用于一些系表結(jié)構(gòu)中,此時(shí)這些動(dòng)詞-ed形式既不表示被動(dòng),也不表示完成,而表示一種狀態(tài),如lost(迷路的),seated(坐著的),hidden(隱瞞的),lost/absorbedin(沉溺于),dressedin(穿著……的),tiredof(對(duì)……感到厭倦的)等。※Hehidhisfaceinhishandsagain,lostinhisownthoughts.※Hewasabigmaninhisforties,smartlydressedinasuitandtie.【點(diǎn)津】有部分分詞或不定式短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ),其動(dòng)詞形式的選擇不受上下文的影響,這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱為獨(dú)立成分。常用的有considering...(鑒于,考慮到);generallyspeaking(總的來(lái)說(shuō));judgingby/from...(從……來(lái)看,依據(jù)……來(lái)推斷);supposingthat...(假定……);providingthat...(假定……);giventhat...(鑒于,由于……)4.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)(1)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn):a.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)不同,它獨(dú)立存在;b.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中作邏輯主語(yǔ)的名詞或代詞與后面的分詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、介詞短語(yǔ)等是邏輯上的主謂或動(dòng)賓關(guān)系;c.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般有逗號(hào)與句子分開(kāi)。(2)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成:名詞/代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞/過(guò)去分詞/形容詞/副詞/不定式/介詞短語(yǔ)。※Everymorningtheoldmanwalksinthepark,hispetdogfollowinghimalong(=andhispetdogfollowshimalong).※Shestoodthere,hereyeslookingupwardintotheskyandherhandscrossedonherbreast.【小題快練】單句語(yǔ)法填空①Weatherpermitting(permit),wewillgoforapicnicthisSaturday.②Whetherthiswillbesuccessfulornotisstilldifficulttopredict(predict).

③Tomrushedtoclassroomonlytobetold(tell)itwasaSunday.④Hearing(hear)thatBobhadgotpromoted,hisfriendscametocongratulatehim.⑤Praised(praise)bytheneighbors,hebecametheprideofhisparents.Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Havingtheopportunitytospeak(speak)Mandarineverydayreallyimprovedmylearning.2.WehopethatNationalChineseCharactersContestwillgetmorepeopletobrush(brush)upourwrittenlanguage.3.Therewerealsoalotofpeoplemaking(make)specialdrawingstohelpthemrecallimportantmoments.4.Thus,itwillbethethirdChinesecitytohost(host)thegames.5.FacebookCEOZuckerbergjusthadababygirlnamedMax,andtohonour(honour)theoccasion,he’sgivingawaythemajorityofhiswealth.6.Youwillbedeeplyimpressedbythebestqualityguaranteed(guarantee)byourrichexperienceongroupoperation.Ⅱ.語(yǔ)法填空Whatannoysyoumostinlife?Anewsurveyonannoyingthingshassomeinterestingfindings.Thereport1.__________(divide)intoanumberofcategories.Transportcomesfairlyhighupinthelist,withbuses,planesandtrainsallcapable2.__________drivingusmad.Someofthethingswefindmostirritating(令人惱火的)aboutbusesincludemissingabus,3.__________(particular)afterrunningtothebusstop,andpeopleinbuseswhocrowdneartheentrance4.__________(refuse)tomovedowntotheendofthebus.

Theairportisalsoaplacethatcanreallywindusup.Beinghitbyout-of-controlluggagecartsorbeingcaughtontheanklesbysomeonewhocan’tcontrolthemproperlyisenoughtomakeusseered.Gettingin5.__________slow-movingqueuetocheckinourbaggagewhenourflightisabouttoleave6.__________(be)alsoenoughtomakeourbloodpressuresoar.7.__________(delay)flightsareobviouslyannoying,butairlinesthatrefusetokeepusuptodatewiththelatesttravelinformationmakeuseven8.__________(angry).

Thetrain9.__________(cause)botheraswell.Blockedtoilets,buffetcarswithnosandwichesandpassengers10.__________makeloudmobilephonecallsallappearonthelist.【文章大意】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明白乘坐公交車、飛機(jī)和火車等交通工具會(huì)遇到的一些煩人事。1.【解析】isdivided。考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)report與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞divide構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且陳述客觀事實(shí)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)名詞report,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。故填isdivided。2.【解析】of。考查介詞。表示“能夠做某事”短語(yǔ)為becapableofdoingsth.。故填of。3.【解析】particularly。考查副詞。修飾后文介詞短語(yǔ)afterrunningtothebusstop應(yīng)用副詞particularly,表示“特殊”。故填particularly。4.【解析】refusing。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知refuse在句中應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式,與邏輯主語(yǔ)people構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填refusing。5.【解析】a。考查冠詞。名詞queue此處表泛指應(yīng)用不定冠詞,且slow-moving為輔音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞,故應(yīng)用a。故填a。6.【解析】is。考查主謂一樣。本句陳述客觀事實(shí)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),且句子主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)Gettinginaslow-movingqueuetocheckinourbaggagewhenourflightisabouttoleave,故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。故填is。7.【解析】Delayed。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知delay在句中應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式,與邏輯主語(yǔ)flights構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。句首單詞首字母要大寫。故填Delayed。8.【解析】angrier。考查比較級(jí)。結(jié)合句意表示“更生氣的”,應(yīng)用形容詞比較級(jí)angrier。故填angrier。9.【解析】causes。考查名詞的數(shù)。cause為可數(shù)名詞,句中為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),后文bother為動(dòng)詞原形,可知此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填causes。10.【解析】who/that。考查定語(yǔ)從句。此處為定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞passengers,且先行詞在從句中作主語(yǔ),指人,故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who或that。故填who/that。Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò)WithmyhomeworkwasfinishedlastSunday,Iwenttothecountrysidetoseemygrandfather.Atabout9,Isetoffandarrivedatmyhomeafteranhour.Seenme,hefeltveryexcitedandwelcomedmewarm.Ihandedhimthefreshfruitboughtinthesupermarketbuthegavemesomesnacks.Thenwewenttocatchfish.Itwasnotlongafterwecaughtalotoffish.Havingbroughtthemhome,mygrandfathercookedsometome.Afterlunch,Ihelpedhimcleanthehouseandhepraisedmewithbigsmileonhisface.Whenitwastimeformetoleave,mygrandfathergavemesomegiftswhatIlikedverymuch,andhuggedme.ItwassoabeautifuldaythatIwillrememberitforever.答案:1.【解析】第一句去掉finished前的was。考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。分析句子成分可知,該句運(yùn)用了“with+賓語(yǔ)+