44320242025學年高二選擇性必修第一冊英語Unit4DiscoveringUsefulStructures整體掌握語法學案人教版英語24字整體教學教師版目錄目錄動詞-ing形式作賓語和表語思維導圖整體掌握語法精講規律探析基礎鞏固透析語法能力提升突破考點

動詞-ing形式作賓語和表語思維導圖整體掌握eq\x(動詞-ing形式)eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(作賓語\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(動詞賓語,介詞賓語)),作表語,作賓補))語法精講規律探析語法規則v.ing作賓語的用法1．牢記下列用v.ing形式作賓語的動詞：admit,appreciate,avoid,consider,delay,dislike,enjoy,escape,imagine,mind,practise,risk,suggest,miss,finish,keep等。Thestudentadmittedbeingcarelessindoinghomework.這個學生承認做家庭作業粗心。Sheimaginedwalkingintotheofficeandtellingeveryonewhatshethoughtofthem.她想象自己走進辦公室，對每個人說出自己對他們的看法。Heescapedbeingkilledintheblastbecausehehadnotgonetowork.他因沒有去上班而避免了在那次爆炸中喪生。2．只能接v.ing形式作賓語的動詞短語有：can'thelp,insiston,endup,feellike,succeedin,prevent/stop/keep...from,devote...to,lookforwardto,payattentionto,beaccustomedto,beusedto,getdownto,stickto,leadto,objectto等。Theyinsistedonvisitingthatplantnextweek.他們堅持下個星期參觀那家工廠。Ididn'tsucceedinmakingmyselfunderstoodbyhim.我沒能讓他理解我。Ihavebeenlookingforwardtoseeingyou.我一直盼望見到你。3．在allow,advise,forbid,permit后直接跟動名詞作賓語，如果有名詞或代詞作賓語，則構成“allow/advise/forbid/permit＋名詞/代詞＋不定式(賓語補足語)”形式。Ourteacherdoesnotallowcheatingtogounpunished.我們的老師不允許作弊行為不受到懲罰。Hedidnotallowhimselftobetooupsetbythenews.他沒有因聽到這個消息而使自己過于煩惱。Theydon'tpermitscratchingpaintoffthewall.他們不許刮掉墻上的油漆。Hermotherdoesn'tpermithertostayawayatnight.她母親不允許她在外過夜。4．動詞need,require,want意為“需要”時，后跟動名詞的主動式或不定式的被動式作賓語，意義沒有區別。Theproblemrequiresdealingwith/tobedealtwithimmediately.這個問題要馬上處理。Thebuildingneedsrewiring/toberewired.這座樓房需要重新安裝電線。5．有些動詞和動詞短語后跟動詞不定式和動名詞作賓語皆可，但含義不同。常見的有：動詞賓語的形式意義forgettodo忘記做……doing忘記做過……remembertodo記著要去做……doing記得做過……regrettodo遺憾/抱歉要做……doing后悔做了……trytodo盡力做……doing嘗試做……meantodo打算做……doing意味著……stoptodo停下來去做(另外一件事)doing停止做(某一件事)goontodo接著做(另外一件事)doing接著做(同一件事)I'vealwaysregrettedmakingfriendswithhim.我一直后悔和他交了朋友。IregrettosaythatIcan'tattendyourparty.很抱歉，我不能參加你們的晚會。Itriedsendingherflowersbutitdidn'thaveanyeffect.我嘗試送花給她，但是沒有什么效果。Wemusttrytogeteverythingdoneintime.我們必須設法及時把一切做好。[學以致用1]單句語法填空①Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoid________(eat)withheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions.②Tohelpuspreparefortheexam,theteachersuggested________(read)throughournotes.③Wearealllookingforwardto________(visit)themuseumsoon.④Hedoesn'treallymean________(work)here,whichmeans________(leave)thejobsoonafterwards.⑤Thedeerwasluckyanditjustmissed________(catch)bythehunter.動詞ing形式作表語1．v.ing形式作表語，表示抽象的一般性的行為，用來說明主語的內容，與主語通常是同一概念，表語和主語通常可以交換位置。Herjobiskeepingthelecturehallascleanaspossible.＝Keepingthelecturehallascleanaspossibleisherjob.她的工作是盡可能地使報告廳保持干凈。2．v.ing形式作表語，可以表示主語的某種性質或特征，這類詞可以看作形容詞。Theargumentisveryconvincing.這個論點很令人信服。ThenewsthatyouwilletoChinathissummervacationisexciting.這個暑假你要來中國的消息是令人興奮的。[學以致用2]單句語法填空①Hehadaterrificsenseofhumourandcouldbevery________(amuse)．②Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkis________(learn)howtoconnectwithothers,notjustmunicatewiththem.③Myhobbyis________(sit)onthebeach，staringatthebluesky.④Yourspeechisveryinterestingand________(encourage)．動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語動名詞與現在分詞都可以作賓語補足語。1．動名詞作賓語補足語。IcallthisrobbingPetertopayPaul.我把這叫作拆東墻補西墻。2．現在分詞作賓語補足語。(1)在see，hear，feel，watch，notice等感官動詞后和catch,find，have，keep，leave等動詞之后可以用現在分詞作賓語補足語。這時現在分詞和句子賓語之間存在邏輯上的主謂關系，表示正在進行的動作。Icouldfeelthewindblowingonmyface.我能感到風迎面吹來。Whentheteachercaughttheboystudentcheatingintheexam,hemadehimgoout.發現這個男學生正在作弊，老師讓他出去了。Hekeptthemworkingallday.他讓他們整天干活。(2)以上結構中有很多可變為被動形式。變化后，現在分詞就變成了主語的補語。Hewasfoundlyingontheground.有人發現他躺在地上。Thepaperswereleftlyingaround.文件散落了一地。[學以致用3]單句語法填空Ifeelsomeone______________(pat)myshoulder.Iwon'thaveyou_____________(stand)long.Whatyouhavesaidleftme_____________(think)thatyouexperiencedmuchwhenyouwereyoung.Icaughtsightofayoungman_____________(run)outofthebankwhenIgotoffthebus.基礎鞏固透析語法Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Poemswhichhadseemeddulland_______________(bore)suddenlycametolife.2．Thebirdnarrowlyescaped_______________(shoot)bythehunter.3．Shelookedsmallandgentleandaltogether_______________(charm).4．Doyoufeellike_______________(have)awalkwithmeaftersupper?5．Myfathersuggested_______________(read)morebooksinmysparetime.6．Toavoid_______________(see)bytheteacher,Tonystoleintotheclassroombythebackdoor.7．Haveyouconsidered_______________(build)ahouseinthecountryside?8．Someofthechildrenareshyandtheyhavesomedifficultyin_______________(make)friends.9．Weregret_______________(inform)youthatyouwillhavetogiveupthischance.10．Weagreed_______________(meet)here，butsofarshehasn'tturnedupyet.Ⅱ.完成句子1．目前形勢令人驚恐。Thepresentsituation_______________．2．這個問題正在會上討論。Thisquestion_______________atthemeeting.3．當這個人看完信后，他看著他的朋友。Afterthemanfinished_______________helookedathisfriend.4．李明一直夢想著將來可以開始他自己的生意。LiMinghasalwaysbeendreamingof_______________inthefuture.5．盡管我是一個殘疾人，但我在生活中總是喜歡幫助別人。WhileI'madisabledman,Ialwaysenjoy_______________inmydailylife.能力提升突破考點語法填空1．Shedoesn’tlike(label)asanincapablewoman.(所給詞的適當形式填空)2．Thisincludeskeepingtheoriginalenvironmentfrom(touch).(所給詞的適當形式填空)3．Mykidspendshours(chat)onthephonewithherfriendseveryday.（所給詞的適當形式填空）4．Ihaveneverimaginedthere(be)suchagoodhotelinthistown.(所給詞的適當形式填空)5．Youngchildrenacrosstheglobeenjoy(play)gamesofhideandseek.(所給詞的適當形式填空)6．Thebestapproachto(build)upyourbodyistodoexerciseeveryday.(所給詞的適當形式填空)7．Asaman,youshouldhavethecouragetoadmit(make)mistakes.(所給詞的適當形式填空)8．Youcan’tavoid

(make)mistakesinlanguagelearning.（所給詞的適當形式填空）9．Everyworkerlooksforwardto(have)agoodbosswhoiskindtothem.(所給詞的適當形式填空)10．Withthelocalsexplainingthecustomsindetail,wehadnodifficulty(figure)outthehiddenspiritofthefestival.（所給詞的適當形式填空）11．Herjobis(keep)thewholebuildingclean.(所給詞的適當形式填空)12．Theonlythingthatinterestshimis(dance).（所給詞的適當形式填空）13．Myhobbyis(collect)stampsfromdifferentcountries.(所給詞的適當形式填空)14．Thecrucialthingis(use)bodylanguageinawaythatisappropriatetothecultureyouarein.(所給詞的適當形式填空)15．OneofthetraditionsoftheSpringFestivalis(make)dumplings.(所給詞的適當形式填空)16．Byparison，hisworsthabitis(smoke)whilehavingdinner.(所給詞的適當形式填空)17．Dr.SusansuggestedTom(take)hisdaughtertothezooeverySunday.(所給詞的適當形式填空)18．Wegreatlyappreciateyour(give)usahandwhenwe’refacedwithtroubles.(所給詞的適當形式填空)19．MissLinsuggestedus(adopt)amoreimaginativeapproachtoessaywriting.（所給詞的適當形式填空）20．Thetipsgiveninthisbookareusefuland.(motivate)（所給詞的適當形式填空）完成句子1．我上學期間一直討厭別人取笑我的紅頭發。IusedtohateaboutmyredhairwhenIwasatschool.2．Icantoleratethehouse,butIhateitifit’snotclean.我可以容忍房間里不整齊，但是我討厭房間里臟亂不堪。3．Mydaughterhaschangedalotthesedays;thatistosay,thefilmwas(worth).我女兒這些天變了很多，也就是說，這部電影很值得一看。4．ThankstotheSilenceMachine,aBritishinvention,youcangetridofthesound.多虧了英國人發明的“靜音機”，你可以在不惹惱男孩或他的父母的情況下擺脫聲音。5．她忙著澆花，沒有注意到發生的一切。(employ)theflowers,shedidn’tnoticewhatwashappening.6．Iwasreallygratefultomycolleaguesfor(幫助我度過難關)difficulties.(根據漢語提示完成句子)7．仁慈是向那些無法回報你的人伸出援手。Mercyiswhohavenothingtogivebacktoyou.8．Themaintaskforstudentsatschoolisteachers.學生在學校的主要任務是向老師學習知識。9．Idon’tthinkherjokeis我認為她的笑話無趣。10．Thedevelopmentofouraviationindustryis我們的航空工業的發展是非常令人鼓舞的。翻譯1．職業生涯成功的秘訣在于找到你所熱愛的。(漢譯英)