新發展大學英語聽力教程4教參

UnitOneUrbanLifeorRuralLife

I,Pre-listeningActivities

Part1

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Part2

Therearepositiveeffectsandnegativeeffectsoflivinginthesuburbs.

?Positiveeffects:

1.Theairmightbecleaner.

2.Therearemoretreesandlesstrafficcongestion.

3.Ybu'llprobablyhaveagarden.

?Negativeeffects:

1.Mostpeopledrivemoreandwalkless.

2.You'llhavelittletimeforcookingandthusrelyheavilyonjunkfood.

■Script

Inthesuburbstheairmightbecleaner,astherearemoretreesandlesstrafficcongestion.Better

stillyou'llprobablyhaveagarden,whichmostinner-citydwellersdon't.Gardeningisahealthy

activityforyou,andyourchildrenhavethechancetoplayoutsideeveryday.Thisisalotbetterfor

themthanplayingcomputergamesalldaybecausethereisnowheretogo.

Thedisadvantagesoflivinginthesuburbsaretheflipsideofthecityadvantages.Mostpeople

livinginthesuburbsendupdrivingmoreandwalkingless,asnothingisparticularlyclose.This

leadstoweightgainandgenerallackoffitness.Thosemediumsizedjourneysthatsuburbdwellers

needtodocouldbedoneonabicycle,althoughthisisnotalwayspracticalorevenpossible.

Alessobviouseffectofhavingtocommuteislittletimeforcooking.Ifaconsiderableportion

ofyourtimeisspentgettingtoandfromwork,itistemptingtorelyheavilyonjunkfood,ready

mealsandtakeaways.Noneoftheseisveryhealthyandtoomanycanleadtoobesityandthe

associatedhealthproblems.

II?ListeningTasks

Task1UnderstandingShortConversations

l.C2.B3.C4.C5.A6.C7.A8.C9.D10.B

■Script

I.W:Didyouwatchthe7o5clockprogramonchannel2yesterdayevening9Iwasabouttowatchit

whensomeonecametoseeme.

M:Yeah!Itreportedsomemajorbreakthroughincancerresearch.Peopleover40wouldfindthe

programworthwatching.

Q:WhatdowelearnfromtheconversationabouttheTVprogram?

2.W:Don'twolfdownyourlunch.Ifsnotgoodforyou.

M:OK,Mom,buttheboyswillbehereanyminute,andIdon'twanttomissthegame.

Q:Whaididthewomanaskhersonnotiodo?

3.M:Isthatoptionalcourseashardaseverybodysays?

W:Il'sactuallyevenworse,believeitornot.

Q:Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthecourse?

4.M:Ihaven'tgotmyscoresontheGREtestyet.DoyouthinkIshouldcalltomakeinquiries?

W:Thereisnohurry.Thetestscoresarereleasedatleasteightweeksafterthetest.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?

5.M:Hurry,thereisabuscoming.

W:Whyrun?Therewillbeanotheroneintwoorthreeminutes.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

6.M:Thetaxiiswaitingdownstairs.Let'shurry.

W:Waitaminute.Tiltakesomefoodwithus.Idon'tlikethemealservedonthetrain.

Q:Whatarethespeakersprobablygoingtodo?

7.W:Areyoustillteachingatthejuniorhighschool?

M;NutsinceJuly.MybiulliciandIopenedaicbtauiaiilassuunasliegu(uulufllicanny.

Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthemanfromtheconversation?

8.M:Hi,Susan!HaveyoufinishedreadingthebookProfessorJohnsonrecommended?

W:Oh,Ihaven'treaditthroughthewayIreadanovel.Ijustreadafewchapterswhichinterested

me.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

9.W:Goodafternoon,I'mcallingtoinquireaboutthefbur-bedroomhouseyouadvertisedinthe

newspaper.

M:Iamsorry,butit'salreadysold.

Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthehousefromtheconversation?

10.M:Ihearyoudrivealongwaytoworkeveryday.

W:Oh,yes.It'saboutsixtymiles.Butitdoesn'tseemthatfar.Theroadisnotbad,andthere*s

notmuchtraffic.

Q:Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutdrivingtowork?

Task2UnderstandingaLongConversation

1.A2.C3.C4.B5.A

■Script

W:Hello.Tmcallingabouttheapartmentyouadvertised.

M:Yes.Whatkindofapartmentareyouinterestedin?

W:I'minterestedinaone-bedroom.Doyouhaveanyavailable?

M:Yes.Ihaveone.Whendoyouneedit?

W:Sometimearoundnextweek.Whatcanyoutellmeaboutthisapartment?

M:Well,it'saone-bedroomapartment.Themonthlyrentis$650,witha$300securitydeposit.You

payelectricityonly.Gasandwaterisincluded.Boththeheatandstovearegas.Letmesee,what

else...Oh!You,llbeassignedashelteredparkingspaceatnoextracharge.Andthafsprobably

it.

W:Soundsgood.MayIcomeovertomorrowtotakealook?

M:Sure.Whattimewouldyouliketocome?

W:Howabout10a.m.?

M:Good.MayIhaveyourname,please?

W:MynameisBlanca.

M:Thanksfbrcalling,Blanca.Tilseeyoutomorrow.

Questions1to5arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

1.Whatkindofapartmentisthewomaninterestedin?

2.Whendoesthewomanneedtheapartment?

3.Howmuchistherentpermonth?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtotheconversation?

5.Whattimewillthewomancometohavealookattheapartment?

Task3UnderstandingPassages

PassageOne

Listeningforgeneralcomprehension

I.Two2.B;A

Listeningforspecificinformation

I.B2.D3.C4.D5.C

■Script

Listeningforgeneralcomprehension

SamandMabelBrownwishtheylivedonafarm.Iftheyhadafarm,theycouldraiseanimals

andproducetheirownfood.Itishardwork,butMr.andMrs.Brownwouldenjoythepeaceand

quietoflivinginthecountry.Andtheycouldspendmoretimewiththeirchildren.Lindacouldhave

herownhorse,andJimmycouldgohuntingandfishingwithhisfather.Ontheotherhand,ifthe

Brownsleftthecity,JimmyandLindawouldmisstheirfriends.TheBrownsalmostboughtafarm

severalmonthsago,butitwasn'twhattheyexpected.Nowadays,ifsharetofindagoodpieceof

farmlandatareasonableprice.

ElmerandSarahBartonhavelivedonafarmalltheirlives,andithasn'tbeeneasy.In1998

theirhouseburneddown.Thatyeartheyhadlostmostoftheircomandwheatcropsbecauseofbad

weather.SarahBartonthinksitwouldbebetteriftheymovedtothecity.Elmercouldgetajob

workinginhisbrother'ssupermarket,andshecouldopenabakery.Shemakeswonderfulcakesand

pies.IfElmerandSarahmovedtothecity,theywouldmakenewfriendsandgooutmoreoften.But

theywouldprobablymisstheirfarm.Afterall,it'stheonlylifetheyhaveeverknown.

Listeningforspecificinformation

1.WhatisSamandMabel'swish?

2.WhatwouldJimmydoiftheBrownsrealizedtheirdream?

3.WhathappenedtoElmerandSarahBartonin1998?

4.WhatdoweknowaboutElmerandSarahBartonaccordingtothepassage?

5.Whatisthepurposeofusingthestoriesoftwofamiliesinthepassage?

PassageTwo

Listeningforgeneralcomprehension

1.ACDH2.BEFG

Listeningforspecificinformation

l.A2.C3.B4.C5.B

■Script

Listeningforgeneralcomprehension

Americanhousesusuallyhaveprivatekitchens,alivingroomandsometimesseparateareasfor

eatingandwatchingtelevision.Ahouseusuallyhasitsownmailbox,ayardwithplantsorperhapsa

lawn,andaplacetostoregarbageoutofsight.

Anapartmentisusuallyonelivingspacewithinabuilding.Severalapartmentscanbeinthe

samebuilding,withasharedyardandparkingspaces.Atownhouseisahvo-floorapartment.The

kitchen,livingroomanddiningroomareusuallyonthefirstfloorandthebedroomsareonthe

secondfloor.

MostAmericansarchappytotalkabouttheirhomes.Andifthey'vedoneanythingspecialin

lliciihome,llicy'llIdyuuknowwhdlitwas,andmaybeIcllyuuwhalituvsl.MustAinciiuanslive

incities,butnearlyasmanyliveinthesuburbs.SuburbanAmericahasshoppingcenterscalledmalls.

Mostofthehousesinthesuburbsareoneortwostoreystall,withprivateyardsandgardensand

garages.Therearefewtallbuildingsinthesuburbs.Citieshaveneighborhoods,i4warehouseMstores,

andpublictransportationisusuallyprettygood.Privatehousesmightonlyhaveabackyard,andif

thereisagarageitprobablyissmall.Citieshavealotofapartmentbuildingsandsometallbuildings

mayseemto“scrapethesky”,sotheyarecalled“skyscrapers”.

Listeningforspecificinformation

1.WhatdoesanAmericanhouseusuallyhaveaccordingtothepassage?

2.Whatarethecharacteristicsofatownhouse?

3.WhatismostAmericans'attitudetowardstalkingabouttheirhomes?

4.Whatdoweknowaboutthehousesinthesuburbsaccordingtothepassage?

5.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoweknowaboutthetallbuildingsinthecities?

PassageThree

Listeningforgeneralcomprehension

1.opportunities2.lifestyles

Listeningforspecificinformation

l.C2.B3.B4.D5.C

■Script

Listeningforgeneralcomprehension

Nowadays,moreandmorepeople,especiallytheyoungpeople,decidetoliveinlargecities.

Themainfactoristhatcitiesoffermanyopportunities.Firstofall,youngpeoplecanattendthebest

universitiesthereandgetgoodeducationwhichincreasestheirchancestofindemploymentingood

companies.Besides,largemoderncitiesprovidelimitlesssourcesofentertainment.Youngpeople

cansocializeincafes,pubs,clubsordiscos.Moreover,theycanenjoyshoppinginlargeshopping

centersordepartmentstores.Allofthesecharmsandattractionsofthecityareappealingtoyoung

people,however,whentheystarttheirownfamiliestheyusuallystartmissingpeacefulnessof

countrylife.Astheybecomeolder,peoplearctiredwiththestressfulcitylifeandoftendecideto

moveoutsideihecity.

Obviously,livinginthecountryhasmanyadvantages.Firstofall,countrysideisnotpolluted,

therefore,youcanbreathefreshair.Besides,thereishardlyanyroadtraffic,thusyoucanenjoy

silence.Youcanalsorelaxandgoforanicewalkintheforestorinthemeadows.Whatismore

important,peoplecangrowtheirownfruitandvegetableswhicharehealthierthanthoseyoucan

buyinthegreengrocer'sinthecity.

Allthingsconsidered,itisobviousthatthetwolifestyleshavetheiradvantagesand

disadvantages.Somepeoplefindcitiesmoreexcitingandappealingthanthecountrysidebutothers

preferthebeautyandpeaceofthecountryside.Thechoicewheretolivedependsoneveryperson's

characterandpreferences.

Listeningforspecificinformation

I.Whatcanyoungpeoplegetfromthebestuniversitiesinthecities?

2.Accordingtothepassage,wherecanyoungpeoplesocialize?

3.Whendopeoplebeginmissingpeacefulnessofcountrylifeaccordingtothepassage?

4.Accordingto(hepassage,whichofthefollowingslateineiilsisNOTinenlionedasanadvantageuf

livinginthecountryside?

5.Howdopeopledecidewheretoliveaccordingtothepassage?

Task4CompoundDictation

1.changed2.estimate3.experts4.quality

5.released6.settlements7.permanent8.surrounding

9.Thereporttalksaboutsomesuccessfuleffortsbylocalgovernmentsandcommunitygroups

10.thereportsayshashelpedreduceairpollutionandimprovequalityoflife

11.Heagreesthatthelinkbetweenurbanpovertyandtheenvironmentisserious

■Script

Fiftyyearsago,mostpeoplelivedinruralareas.Buttheworldhaschanged.Bysomepoint

nextyear,morethanhalfofallpeoplewillliveincities,forthefirsttimeinhistory.Sosaysthemost

recentestimatefromtheUnitedNations.

Citylifeisnotalwaysabadthing,butmanyexpertsworryaboutthisprocessofurbanization.A

newreportfromtheWorldwatchInstitutesaysitishavingahugeeffectonhumanhealthandthe

Qiialilyoftheenvironment.TheenvironmentalresearchgroupinWashingtonreleasedits2007State

oftheV/orldreportlastweek.

Ofthethreebillionpeoplewholiveincitiesnow,thereportsays,aboutonebillionlivein

unplannedsettlements.Theseareareasofpoverty,slumsthatgenerallylackbasicserviceslikeclean

water,orevenpermanenthousing.Thereportsaysthatmorethansixtymillionpeopleareaddedto

citiesandsurroundingareaseachyear,mostlyinslumsindevelopingcountries.

Thereporttalksaboutsomesuccessfuleffortsbylocalgovernmentsandcommunitygroups.

Forexample,itsaysFreetown,SierraLeone,hasestablishedfarmingwithinthecitylimitstomeet

muchofitsgrowingfooddemands.InColombia,engineershavecreatedabussysteminBogotathat

【hereDorlsayshashelpedreduceairDilutionandimproveaualilyoflife.

OlavKjorvenheadstheEnvironmentandEnergyGroupattheUnitedNationsDevelopment

Program.Heagreesthatthelinkbetweenurbanpovertyandtheenvironmentisserious.Buthesays

governmentsalsoneedtoconsiderwhypeoplearcmovingoutofruralareas.Climatechange,

drought,floods-therearcmanyreasonsforcingpeopletoleave,hesays.

IV.ListeningSkillsforLongConversations(I)

19.D20.C21.B22.C

■Script

W:Goodevening,andwelcometothisweek'sBusinessWorld,theprogramforandaboutbusiness

people.Tonight,wehaveMr.StevenKayne,whohasjusttakenoverandestablishedabicycle

shop.Tellus,Mr.Kayne,whatmadeyouwanttorunyourownstore?

M:Well,Ialwayslovedracingbikesandfixingthem.WhenIwasworkingfull-timeasasalesman

fbrabigcompany,Iseldomhadtimetoenjoymyhobby.IknewthenthatassoonasIhad

enoughmoneytogetmyownbusinessgoing,I'lldoit.IhadmyheartsetonitandIdidn'tlet

anythingstandinmyway.WhenIwentdowntothebankandgotabusinessloan,IknewI'd

lovebeingmyownboss.Nowmytimeismyown.IopenthestorewhenIwantandleavewhen

Iwant.

W:Youmeanyoudon'tkeepregularhours?

M:Well,thesignonmystoresaysthehoursarctentosix,butifbusinessisslowerthanusual,Ican

justlockupandtakeoffearly.

W:Haveyouhiredanyemployeestoworkwithyouyet?

M:Yeah,acoupleoffriendsofminewholovebikingasmuchasIdo.Theyhelpmeoutafewdays

aweek.It5sgreatbecauseweplaycardsorjustsitaroundandtalkwhentherearenocustomers.

W:Thankyou,Mr.Kayne.Wewishyousuccessinyournewbusiness.

Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

19.Whatisthewomandoing?

20.WhatdidMr.Kaynedobeforehetookover(hebicycleshop?

21.Whydidthemantakeoverabicycleshop?

22.Whatdowelearnaboutthepeoplsworkingintheshop?

V?LearnEnglishThroughaRadioProgram

1.globalsociety2.Sinceancienttimes

3.becauseofthem4.takeadvantageof

5.takesreadersonaworldtour6.onaverage

7.makepeoplepoor8.someofthem

9.lessdriving10.evenmorepeoplemovetocities

■Script

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VI.LearnEnglishThroughSongs

I.leaving2.longing3.heap4.never5.gonna

■Script

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UnitTwoTwoKindsofLove

I,Pre-listeningActivities

Parti

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Part2

1.commit;rosy

2.negative;failed

3.considerate;criticize

■Script

Inaproactive-lovesituation,youcommittokeepingthefiresofloveburning,notexpecting

themtoburnoftheirownaccord.Youknowitwillnotbeeasy.Butbecauseyoucare,youareready

togotheextramileanddowhateverittakes.Youbelieveinyourpartner,andyoubelieveinlove.

Youknowthatloveisnottherosyfeeling,whichcomesandgoeswithoutnotice.Itisacommitment,

throughthickandthin,independentofyourfeelings.Ratherthanwaittoreceivelove,yougiveit

first.Andinselflesssowingyoureapaharvestbiggerthanyourseed.

However,ifreactiveloveisyourstyle,yournegativeseedswillgrowineveryrelationshipyou

have,possiblycausingacycleoffailedrelationships.

Regardingrelationships,wecouldrestatethislawthus:Yourrelationshipistheharvestofthe

seedsYOUhavesown.Therefore,tochangeyourrelationship,youmuststartbychangingYOU,not

yourpartner!Ifyouwantitbetter,becomeabetterperson.Bemoreconsiderate.Bemoretolerant.

Listenmore.Criticizeless.Giveonlywhatyouwouldliketoreceive.

II.ListeningTasks

Task1UnderstandingShortConversations

l.C2.C3.D4.B5.C6.D7.D8.C9.C10.B

■Script

1.W:Foryears,I'vetriedtoteachyouthatthemostimportantthinginlifeislove,notmoney.

M:Idon'tthinkFveeverlistenedtoyouorDadmuch.Ionlycaredaboutwhatmyfriends

thought.

Q:What'stherelationshipbetweenthemanandwoman?

2.W:Hey!I'veheardthatyou'vebuiltyourownhouseinyoursparetime.Isthatright?

M:I'mstillworkingonit.EverydayIdoalittlebitmore.It*sawaytoshowIlovemyfamily.

Q:Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisactivityoutsideofwork?

3.W:Bill,arcyoustillplanningtobuythatniceredsportscaryoulookedatlastweek?

M:rmafraidihai'simpossiblebecauseIhaven'tbeenable(ocomeupwiththecash,and

someoneelsehasalreadymadeadownpaymentonit.

Q:Whatdowelearnfrom(heconversation?

4.M:DoyouhaveyourChristmasshoppingdoneyet?

W:Almost.Igotawatchformyhusband,butcan'lseemtofindanythingfbrmyDad.Hewould

probablylikeabookoracasefbrhiscoincollection.

Q:WhatdidthewomanbuyherhusbandforChristmas?

5.M:Mary,whyisn'tthetrainernamedJaneteachingherethisterm?

W:ShecantShewasfired.

Q:WhatreasonwasgivenforJane'snotteaching?

6.W:DoyouhaveanaddresswhereIcanwritetoyou?

M:No,Tilbehikinginthemountainsmostofthetime.Butifyouwritetomeatmyaunt'shouse,

she'llholdmymailuntilIgetthere.

Q:Whereshouldthewomanwritetoherfriend?

7.W;Hcic'sa(cn-dullaibill.GivemeIwulickdfuiloiiiglilSshow,plcabc.

M:Sure.Twoticketsandhere'sadollarandfortycentschange.

Q:Howmuchdoesoneticketcost?

8.M:Didyousayyouweregoingtotakeavacationnextmonth?

W:Yes,myfamilyandIaregoingtoNewYorkforaweek.

Q:Whereisthewomangoingtotakeavacation?

9.W:Ybushouldgiveupsmoking.It'sabadhabitandit'sharmfultoyourhealth.

M:Stoptalkinglikemymother.That'swhatshekeepssaying.

Q:Whatdoestheman'smotheralwaysdo?

10.M:Ifyougivemeahand,Icangetthisworkdoneinaboutthirtyminutes.

W:Iwouldlovetohelp,butMr.MillertoldmetotypetheselettersbeforeIgohome.

Q:Whatisthewomangoingtodo?

Task2UnderstandingaLongConversation

1.B2.D3.D4.D5.D

■Script

W:Whatkindofqualitiesdoyoulookforinyourfriends?

M:Ilikepeoplewhoareopenandfriendly.Thosepeopleareusuallymoreactiveandbintobewith.

Ilikespendingtimewithmyfriends.Wegotobarstogetherorplaysportstogether.

W:Idon'tliketomakefriendswithpeoplewhoaren'thonest.Honestyisveryimportanttome.

M:Ithinkitisimportanttomostpeople.Theproblemisthatyoucanonlyfindoutifsomeoneis

honestbygettingtoknowthem.

W:Youcanfindoutfromtheirfriends.

M:Ifyouknowanyoftheirfriends.Ybucan'lrelyonyourfriendstointroducepeopletoyouallthe

time.Youhavetogooutandmakethefirstmovesometimes.Ialsolikefunnypeople.

W:Oh,Idon't.Theydon'tseemtotakeanythingseriously.Youneverknowwhentheyarejoking

andwhentheyarebeingserious.

M:Sometimesitcanbehardtotell,butifyouknowthepersonfairlywell,youcanusuallyseefrom

theirexpressionswhattheyarcreallythinking.

W:Itseemsthatwegenerallylikedinerenikindsofpeople.Howisitihaiwearesuchgoodfriends?

M:Maybepeopledon'tliketohavefriendsthatarcallthesame.Mostpeoplelikealittlevarietyin

theirlives—includingavarietyofcharacteristicsintheirfriends.

Questions1to5arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

1.Whatkindoffriendsdoesthemanlike?

2.Whyarethemanandthewomangoodfriends?

3.Whatkindoffriendsdoesthewomandislike?

4.Whydomostpeopleliketomakefriendswithsomeonedifferentfromthemselves?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

Task3UnderstandingPassages

PassageOne

furgurieralcuinprtheiisiun

1.Thispassageismainlyabouthowtoloveyourself

2.Threeways

Listeningforspecificinformation

I.C2.A3.D4.B5.C

■Script

Listeningforgeneralcomprehension

Mostofuslongforrelationshipsinwhichwearelovedandacceptedjustthewaywcarc.

However,wecanhavesuchrelationshipswithsomeothers,butonlywhenwefirsthavethemwith

ourselves—and,strangely,thisisoftenthehardestrelationshipofall.

Doyouloveyourself?There'sonlyonewaytofindout-bytakingacloselookatwhatyou

think,say,anddo.Ifyou'rereallylovingyourself,youcanusethisinsighttodosomepositiveinner

work.

Herearcthreewaysforgaininggreaterpersonalinsightfbrdeeperlove.Firstly,listencloselyto

yourthoughts.Yourthoughtswilldetermineyouractions.Ajournaloranotebookcanhelprecord

variousinsightsyougainasyougoaboutyourlife.Itwillhelpyouknowwhat'sinyourheart.

Secondly,behonestwithyourself.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords,andtheyalwaystellthetruth.

Bybeinghonestwithyourself,youwillactaccordingtotruthinsteadofjustwhatyoutellyourself.

Thirdly,takequiettimetolistentoyourinnervoice.Sometimesyoumaywanttouseyourquiettime

tothinkdeeply.Thekeyistoshutoutallofthenoisearoundyoubyfocusingdeepwithinyourself.

It'shardtofindquiettimeduringaparticularlybusyday,butit'ssoimportant.Quiettimecanreally

makeadifferenceinyourlife.

Despitewhatyourmindmaybetellingyou,youcanhavelovewithnolimits.Thekeyisto

unconditionallyloveyourselffirst.

Listeningforspecificinformation

1.Whichofthefollowingisthehardestrelationshipofall?

2.Whatwilldetermineyouractionsaccordingtothepassage?

3.Whatcanmakeadifferenceinyourlife?

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

5.Whichofthefollowingisthekeytohavinglovewithnolimits?

PassageTwo

Listeningforgeneralcomprehension

Thispassageisaboutshowingourbrotherlylove

Listeningforspecificinformation

1.B2.D3.B4.D5.D

■Script

Listeningforgeneralcomprehension

Mostofusparticipateinsomeactivitiesandorganizationsandgiveourtimeandmoneytohelp

others.Weareshowingourbrotherlyloveforothers,butitisnotquitethesameasgivingthelovein

person.Waysthatwecansharebrotherlyloveinpersonarevaried.WhenIseeyoungpeople

holdingthedoorforanelderlyperson,orsomeonehelpingaladyputhergroceriesinthecar,or

evenascoutwhohelpsawomancrossIliestieel,Irealizethattheyaietakingtheirlimetoshare

brotherlylovepersonally.Manypeoplecollectfoodandclothingforthepoor.Otherpeople

participateinsomeprogramswhereThanksgivingandChristmasdinnersareprovidedforthosein

need,aswellasChristmaspresentsforthelessfortunate.

Thisfamousquotation“Thoughwecangivewithoutloving,itisalmostimpossibletolove

withoutgiving/'wassaidbyaFrenchphilosopher.Whenwedogooddeedsthathelpourfellow

man,weareshowinglove.Weareoftentoldto“loveourncighbors^^.Wcshouldneitherfeel

indifferenttothosewhoneedhelpnorletouregosstandinthewayofhelpingthem.Therearemany

occasionswhenwecansympathizev/iththoselessfortunateandwearccapableofgivingthemour

generosity.Philadelphiaisknownasthecityofbrotherlylovebuteverytownthathaspeoplewho

careandhelpthoselessfortunateisalso“citiesofbrotherlylove”.

Listeningforspecificinformation

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichisNOTthewaytosharebrotherlyloveinperson?

2.WhichofthefollowingprogramofshowingbrotherlyloveisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutthequotation“Thoughwccangivewithoutloving,itis

almostimpossibletolovewithoutgiving.”？

4.Whichofthefollowingdeedsshouldbeforbiddenaccordingtothepassage?

5.Whichcityisknownasthecityofbrotherlylove?

PassageThree

Listeningforgeneralcomprehension

1.Thispassageismainlyabouttheinfluenceofparents'lovetochildren'sdevelopment

2.Theimportanceofmothers,loveseemstodropoutaltogetherinsomeoftheanalyses

Listeningforspecificinformation

I.A2.B3.D4.D5.D

■Script

Listeningforgeneralcomprehension

Afather'slove-orthelackofit-contributesasmuchtothedevelopmentofachild's

personalityandbehaviorastheloveofamother,accordingtoresearchers.Insomerespects,they

add,afather'sloveisevenmoreinfluential.

Probablythemostimportantandmostsurprisingfindingofallisthattheimportanceof

mothers5loveseemstodropoutaltogetherinsomeoftheanalyses.

Theresearchersreviewedalmost100U.S.andEuropeanstudiesinvestigatingtheeffectsof

parentingonthepsychologyandbehaviorofchildrenastheygrewolder.Theearlieststudywas

conductedin1949,andthemostrecentwascompletedin2001.

Theyreportthatthedegreeofacceptanceorrejectionachildreceives—andperceives—from

hisorherfatherappearstoaffecthisorherdevelopmentasdeeplyasthepresenceorabsenceofa

mother'slove.

Theynotethatthewithholdingoflovebyeitherthemotherorthefatherisequallyconnected

toachild'slackofself-esteem,emotionalinstability,withdrawal,depressionandanxiety.Andthe

riskofdevelopingproblemswithaggression,drugandalcoholabusewasequallyrelatedtoachild's

rejectionoracceptancebyeitherparent.

Theinvestigatorsalsofoundthathavingtheloveandnurturingofeitherparenthasanequally

positivecllcclunachild'shappiness,well-beingandsucialandauadcmicsuccessfromearly

childhoodthroughyoungadulthood.

Listeningforspecificinformation

1.Accordingtotheresearchers,whoseloveisevenmoreinfluentialinsomerespects?

2.HowmanyU.S.andEuropeanstudieshaveinvestigatedtheeffectsofparentingonthe

psychologyandbehaviorofchildren?

3.Whenwastheearlieststudyontheeffectofparentingconducted?

4.Ifachildisrejectedbyeithe