Module4WhichEnglish?一、刷黑板——eq\a\vs4\al(詞匯全聽寫先過識記默寫關)Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯(英譯漢)[第一屏聽寫]1．absurdadj. 荒謬的，荒唐的2．abusev. 辱罵；惡語3．ambiguousadj. 歧義的；含糊的4．ancestorn. 祖先，前輩5．betrayv. 對……不忠6．clarifyv. 弄明白；澄清[第二屏聽寫]7．classifyv． 將……分類8．clumsyadj. 笨拙的9．dilemman. 進退兩難的境地；困難的抉擇10．explicitadj. 清楚明白的；易于理解的11．prayern. 祈禱文；悼詞12．prejudicen. 偏見；歧視[第三屏聽寫]13．rhythmn． 節奏；韻律14．straightforwardadj. 簡單的，易懂的15．superioradj. 更好的；更強的16．telegraphn. 電報17．tendencyn. 趨向；傾向18．vagueadj. 不明確的；含糊的Ⅱ.高頻詞匯(漢譯英)[第四屏聽寫]1．approvaln． 贊許；贊成2．associationn. 聯系3．authorn. 作家，作者4．candidaten. 投考者，應考人5．plainv. 抱怨；不滿6．conceptn. 概念；觀念[第五屏聽寫]7．conflictn． 抵觸；沖突8．countv. 很重要；很有價值9．debaten. 討論；辯論10．instantlyadv. 立即，馬上11．investigatev. 調查12．linkn. 聯系[第六屏聽寫]13．matterv． 重要，要緊；有關系14．median. 新聞媒體，傳媒15．moraln. 寓意；教育意義16．opposev. 反對17．potentialadj. 潛在的；可能的18．rejectv. 拒絕接受[第七屏聽寫]19．relevantadj. 有關的；切題的20．resistn. 反抗；抵抗21．revolutionn. 革命22．selectv. 挑選，選擇23．sexn. 性別24．statusn. 地位[第八屏聽寫]25．thusadv. 因此；因而26．uniqueadj. 獨一無二的；獨特的27．acquirev. 得到，獲得28．conveyv. 傳達，傳遞29．convincedadj. 確信的，信服的30．curiosityn. 好奇心[第九屏聽寫]31．furthermoreadv. 此外，而且32．overev. 征服；戰勝33．recognisableadj. 能辨認的，能認出的34．significancen. 意義；含義35．withdrawv. 收回；撤銷(說過的話)36．a_huge_number_of 大量的[第十屏聽寫]37．as_long_as 只要38．get_down_to_sth. 開始做某事39．in_conclusion 總之40．let_sb._down 使某人失望41．lie_in 在于42．tell_...apart 區分開二、刷清單——eq\a\vs4\al(熱身自盤點再過基本應用關)(一)核心單詞閱讀單詞1.absurdadj.荒謬的，荒唐的2．abusev.辱罵；惡語3．ambiguousadj.歧義的；含糊的4．ancestorn.祖先，前輩5．betrayv.對……不忠6．clarifyv.弄明白；澄清7.classifyv．將……分類8．clumsyadj.笨拙的9．dilemman.進退兩難的境地；困難的抉擇10．explicitadj.清楚明白的；易于理解的11．prayern.祈禱文；悼詞12.prejudicen．偏見；歧視13．rhythmn.節奏；韻律14．straightforwardadj.簡單的，易懂的15．superioradj.更好的；更強的16．telegraphn.電報17．tendencyn.趨向；傾向18．vagueadj.不明確的；含糊的表達單詞1.matterv．重要，要緊；有關系2．countv.很重要；很有價值3．debaten.討論；辯論4．thusadv.因此；因而5．selectv.挑選，選擇6．rejectv.拒絕接受7．overev.征服；戰勝；克服8．opposev.反對9．moraln.寓意；教育意義；道德10．statusn.地位11．revolutionn.革命[語境活用]1．Itisnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadthatcounts(很重要)．2．Kathyhaswastedsomuchtimeplaying,thus(因此)failingintheexam.3．Thepresidentwouldoppose(反對)givingmilitaryaidtothiscountry.4．Herbrotherwasrejected(拒絕接受)bythearmybecauseofhisbadeyesight.5．Sheovercame(克服)injurytowintheOlympicgoldmedal.6．Hopefully,anothertenvolunteerswillhavebeenselected(挑選)toworkinthenewexhibitionbytheendofthisweek.7．Howevergreatthedemandtosucceed,oneshouldneverabandonhismoral(道德)andsocialconsciousness.拓展單詞1.approvaln．贊許；贊成→approvev．贊許；贊成2．plainv．抱怨；不滿→plaintn．抱怨3．instantlyadv.立即，馬上→instantadj.立即的；緊急的，立刻的n.瞬間，立刻4．investigatev．調查→investigationn．調查5．recognisableadj.能辨認的，能認出的→recognisev．認出；承認→recognitionn．認出；承認6．convincedadj.信服的，確信的→convincingadj.令人信服的；有說服力的→convincevt.使信服，使確信7．significancen．意義；含義→significantadj.有意義的8．resistv．反抗；抵抗→resistancen．反抗；抵抗→resistantadj.反抗的9．curiosityn．好奇心→curiousadj.好奇的→curiouslyadv.好奇地10．associationn．聯系→associatev．聯系→associatedadj.有聯系的[語境活用]1．Thankstoyourapproval,_ifyoudidn'tapproveofmyplan,Iwouldbefiredbytheemployer.(approve)2．It'saconvincingspeechandI'mconvincedthatmanypeoplewillbenefitfromit.(convince)3．Togetmoreevidence,thelawyerinvestigatedmanywitnesses.Afterinvestigation,_hegotsomeusefulproof.(investigate)4．MoststudentsthinkitsignificanttojointheEnglishcorner,thoughafewhaven'trealizedthesignificanceofit.(significance)5．Inwesterncountries,thenumber“thirteen”isusuallyassociatedwithbadluck,butactuallythereisn'tanyassociationbetweenthem.(associate)6．Theboyiscuriouslywatchingwhattheoldmanisdoinginthegarden.Heisalwayscuriousabouttheworldoutsideandshowsgreatcuriosityaboutwhatisgoingoninnature.(curious)(二)常用短語寫準記牢語境活用(選用左欄短語填空)1.tell_..._apart區分開2．as_long_as只要3．lie_in在于4．in_conclusion總之5．a_huge_number_of大量的6．get_down_to_sth.開始做某事7．let_sb._down使某人失望8．municate_with與……交流9．be_relevant_to與……相關10．or_rather更確切地說11．be_meant_for意欲……，有……目的12．in_case以免，萬一1.Thefinalexaminationisingupsoon.It'stimeforustoget_down_toourstudies.2．Learningforeignlanguagescallsforyourmemory,time,patienceandemotions.In_conclusion,_itisnotasimplething.3．IpromisedtogotothepartywithJaneandIcan'tletherdown.4．Yousee,theyaretwinsandIwanttofindagoodwaytotellthemapart.5．Heworkedlatelastnight,or_rather,_earlythismorning.6．As_long_asIdeliverthegoods,mybossisveryhappy.(三)經典句式原句背誦句式解構佳句仿寫1.Inthissenseeverybody'suseoflanguage—whetherEnglish,Chinese,oranyother—isdifferent.從這種意義上來說，每個人對語言的使用——不管是英語、漢語還是任何其他語言——都是不同的。whether...or...“不論……還是……”，用于連接并列成分。她去也好留也好都沒有什么關系。Itmakesnodifferencewhether_she_goes_or_stays.2.Perhapscorrectnessdoesn'tmatter—aslongasspeakerscanunderstandeachother—it'smunicationthatcounts.也許正確與否不要緊——只要說話的人互相明白就行——重要的是交流本身。it's...that...為強調句型，此處強調了句子的主語。昨天是杰克和瑪麗遇見了一個長得很可笑的男人。It_was_Jack_and_Mary_who/thatmetwithafunnylookingmanyesterday.3.Englishhasahugenumberofcolourfulandsplendidexpressionswhichmaybedifficulttounderstand.英語中有大量絢爛而華麗但可能很難懂的表達。“主語＋be＋adj.＋todo...”句式。首先，我建議你了解下唐朝歷史，這可能會更容易理解。(2017·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)Firstly,IadviseyoutolearnthehistoryoftheTangDynasty,which_may_be_much_easier_to_understand.一、過重點單詞——eq\a\vs4\al(縱引橫聯超人一點)1．debaten．&v．討論；辯論[經典例句]Themitteewilldebatewhethertolowertheageofclubmembershipto16.委員會將討論是否將參加俱樂部的年齡限制放寬到16歲。(1)underdebate 正在討論中beyonddebate 無可爭辯adebateabout/over/on 一場有關……的辯論(2)debateon/about/over... 就……辯論debateaboutsth.withsb. 和某人就某事辯論[多角練透]單句語法填空①Theydebatedwitheachotherabout/on/overtheenvironmentprotectionandeconomicgrowth.②Thereisnodoubtthatthetruthofthisnewsisbeyonddebate.補全句子③Oneofthequestionsunder_debateovereducationinmanycollegesiswhethereducationisalifetimestudy.在許多大學中關于教育正在討論的問題之一就是教育是否是終生學習。2．convincedadj.確信的，信服的[教材原句]ExpertsareconvincedthatthiswillhappeninthefutureasmoreandmorepeoplelearnEnglishandcallittheirown.專家們確信，隨著將來越來越多的人學習英語并把它稱為自己的語言，這一現象將會發生。(1)beconvincedof/that... 相信/確信……(2)convincevt. 使確信，使信服convinceeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(sb.of...,sb.that...)) 使某人相信……convincesb.todosth. 說服某人做某事(3)convincingadj. 有說服力的；令人信服的[多角練透]單句語法填空①Thepictureconvincesmethatitisevenmoreimportanttobeagooddaughterthanagoodstudent.②Wefinallyconvincedthemofourhonestyandtheydecidedtocooperatewithus.補全句子③Ittookmemanyhourstoconvince_the_poor_boy_to_gotoschoolagain.我花費了好幾個小時才說服那個窮苦孩子重返學校。3．relevantadj.有關的；切題的；有價值的，有意義的[經典例句]Thesementsarenotdirectlyrelevanttothisenquiry.這些意見與這項調查沒有直接聯系。(1)berelevantto 與……有關系(2)relevancen. 相關性，關聯；實用性haverelevanceto 與……有關系[題點全練]補全句子①Idon'tthinkhisremarksare_relevant_toourdiscussion.我認為他的話不切我們的議題。②Whatyouaresayinghas_no_relevance_tothematterinhand.你現在所說的與正在考慮中的問題毫無關聯。4．opposev．反對；與……對抗[經典例句]Hethrewallthosethatopposedhimintoprison.他把所有反對他的人都投進了監獄。(1)opposeeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(doingsth.反對做某事,sb./sb.'sdoingsth.反對某人做某事))(2)opposedadj. 強烈反對的；截然不同的beopposedto(doing)sth. 反對(做)某事(3)oppositeadj. 相反的；對面的；對立的n. 對立面prep. 在……的對面adv. 在對面[多角練透]單句語法填空①Theparentsstronglyopposedtheirdaughtergoing(go)therealone.②Thoughbeatenbytheopposite(oppose)team,theydidn'tloseheart.單句改錯③Opposingtotheplanofraisingprices,theydecidednottocarryitout.Opposing→OpposedⅠ.單句語法填空1．Iwouldappreciateitifmyapplicationcouldgetyourapproval(approve).2．Therehasalwaysbeenacloseassociation(associate)betweenthesetwoschools.3．You'llneedtoconvincethemofyourenthusiasmforthejob.4．Ithasbeenreportedthatthecountry'shealth-carereformisstillunderdebate.5．Theyhitatruckingintheopposite(oppose)direction.6．Thepolicereceivedseveralplaints(plain)aboutthenoisefromourparty.7．Thestudybroughttogetherdatafrom16previousinvestigations(investigate)．8．Instantly(instant)itbegantoraintheytookcoverunderabigtree.Ⅱ.單句改錯1．Wearefirmlyopposedtohelptheyoungmanaddictedtoalcohol.help→helping2．Plantsthatgrowindesertsareresistantwaterloss.resistant后加to3．Intellectualgrowthandflexibilityarefosteredbystrictdebatedandquestioning.debated→debate4．Sheplainedtomeaboutherpany'scoldnesstoher.about→ofⅢ.根據提示詞補全句子1．我們相信2022年北京冬奧會一定會取得成功。(convince)Weare_convinced_thatthe2022BeijingWinterOlympicGameswillbeagreatsuccess.2．我們將用公交車把這些孩子送到機場。(convey)Wewillconvey_these_children_totheairportbybus.3．據說一個人的命運和他的性格有關。(relevant)Itissaidthataperson'sfateis_relevant_to_his_character.4．你做什么、怎么去做對我來說都無關緊要。(matter)It_doesn't_matter_to_mewhatyoudoandhowyoudoit.Ⅳ.句型轉換1．Theseniorstudentsstronglyobjectedtobeingtreatedunfairlybyothers.→Theseniorstudentsare_strongly_opposed_to_being_treatedunfairlybyothers.(opposed)→Theseniorstudentsare_strongly_against_being_treatedunfairlybyothers.(against)2．I'vebeentryingtoconvinceJeantoewithme.→I'vebeentryingtopersuadeJeantoewithme.→I'vebeentryingtopersuadeJeanintoingwithme.→I'vebeentryingtotalkJeanintoingwithme.二、過短語、句式——eq\a\vs4\al(學通學活靚人一眼)1．tell...apart區分開[經典例句]It'salmostimpossibletotellJackieandMoiraapartsincetheyhadtheirhaircut.杰姬和莫伊拉都把頭發剪了，幾乎不可能把她倆區分開。(1)tellAfromB/tellthedifferencebetweenAandB/distinguishbetweenAandB/distinguishAfromB 把A和B區分開來(2)fallapart 土崩瓦解apartfrom 除……之外[多角練透]句型轉換①Ithinkitisquitedifficultforustotellthetwinbrothersapart.→Ithinkitisquitedifficultforustotell_the_difference_betweenthetwinbrothers.(difference)補全句子②Apart_fromtheinjuriestohisfaceandhands,hebrokebothlegs.除了臉部和雙手受傷以外，他的兩條腿也斷了。2．letsb.down使某人失望[教材原句]Withfriendslikethese,whoneedsenemies?meansafriendhasbetrayedyourtrustorletyoudown.“有這樣的朋友，還要敵人干嗎？”意思是一個朋友背叛了你或讓你很失望。letalone 更不用說；更談不上letsb./sth.alone 不管/不干涉某人/某物letoff 讓……下車；寬恕；使爆炸letout 使出去；放出；泄露；發出letgo(of) 放手，松手，放開；使自由letin 放進，讓……進來選用上述短語填空①Throwingtheirhatsintotheair,thefansofthewinningteamlet_outloudshoutsofvictory.②Theglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenonesattheentrance,letting_inthenaturallightduringtheday.③IbelieveIcanbeagoodvolunteerandIwon'tletyoudown.④WhenJohnwasarrestedfordrunkdriving,heexpectedtolosehisdrivinglicense,buthewaslet_offwithafine.3．“主語＋be＋adj.＋todo...”句式Englishhasahugenumberofcolourfulandsplendidexpressionswhich_may_be_difficult_to_understand.英語中有大量絢爛而華麗但可能很難懂的表達。“主語＋be＋adj.＋todo...”句式有以下特點：(1)不定式說明主語在哪些方面存在形容詞所表示的特點或性質。(2)不定式所表示的動作雖與句子的主語之間為邏輯上的被動關系，但通常以主動形式表示被動含義。(3)如果不定式為不及物動詞，則后面要有相應的介詞。(4)該句式中常用的形容詞有easy,hard,difficult,fortable,possible,pleasant,interesting,exciting,important等。單句語法填空①Thismachineisveryeasyto_operate(operate).Anybodycanlearntouseitinafewminutes.補全句子②Althoughtheladylookselegant,actuallysheis_hard_to_get_along_with.盡管這位女士看上去很優雅，但實際上卻很難與之相處。③Thechairlooksratherhard,butinfactitis_very_fortable_to_sit_on.這把椅子看上去很硬，但事實上坐在上面很舒服。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Wehadthoughtthatwecouldrelyonthem,buttheyletusdown.2．Effortleadstosuccessandfailureoftenliesinlaziness.3．Toconfusetwothingsmeansnottobeabletotellthemapart.4．TheroomwhichmyfriendbookedontheInternetisfortabletolivein.5．It'shightimethatweshouldgetdowntodealing(deal)withtheproblemoffoodsafety.Ⅱ.根據提示詞和相關要求補全句子1．我們學校的外教很容易相處。(主語＋be＋adj.＋todo...)Theforeignteacherinourschoolis_easy_to_get_along_with.2．這對我們是好是壞還很難說。(whether...or...)Whether_it_will_do_us_good_or_harmishardtosay.3．生活中我們可能遇到許多失敗，但只要我們盡了力，就沒有必要為失敗而后悔。(aslongas)Inourlifewemaymeetmanyfailures;as_long_as_we_try_our_best,_thereisnoneedfeelingregretforthesefailures.4．他是通過努力工作才成功的。(強調句型)It_was_through_hard_work_thathesucceeded.5．當油和水混合時，很容易把它們分辨出來。(tellapart)Whenoilandwatermingle,theyareeasy_to_tell_apart.6．日本的所作所為使我們中國人很失望。(let...down)WhatJapanhasdonelets_us_Chinese_down.三、過語法、寫作——eq\a\vs4\al(寫對寫美高人一籌)(一)單元小語法——復習狀語和狀語從句Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Hersimpleactgavemejoyevenif/thoughIdon'tparticularlyenjoysweetsasmuch.2．IwassonervousthatIdidn'tcatchthemanager'sname.3．Itwillbegreatifyoucantellmesomeinformationaboutchopsticks.4．Nomatterwherewestudy,wecanstillachievealotinacertainfieldifwetryourbest.5．Sheonlyusesthatnamewhenshepaints.6．Tooursurprise,although/thoughmuchefforthasbeenmade,thecauseoftheaccidenthasnotbeenfoundout.7．Ithinkit'sbettertogiveitasecondthoughtas/because/for/sincesomanyofusconsideritarisk.8．Whilemywifewasreadingthenewspaper,IwaswatchingTV.9．Neighborssaidtheyheardthemantellthewomanthatshecouldn'tleaveunlessshegavebackthemoneyborrowedfromhim.10．Whetheritishappinessorsorrow,itwouldfinallybeememoriesoflife.Ⅱ.單句改錯1．Asheisyoung,heknowsalot.As→Although/Though2．Hehardlygothomewhenitbegantorain.He后加had3．Iwasabouttogooutwhilesomeoneknockedatthedoor.while→when4．NotuntilhecamebackIleave.back后加did5．ItisthefirsttimeIvisitedtheGreatWall.I后加have(二)課堂微寫作練縮寫——讓語言更凝練[題目要求]美國朋友Michael正在一家孔子學院學習漢語和中國文化，知道中國人很重視家風傳承。他給中國學生李華寫了一封電子郵件，想了解他家的家風以及家風對他的影響。以下是李華的回復。請把它縮寫為一篇60詞左右的郵件。注意：保留加黑詞語。DearMichael，I'mgladtoknowthatyouarelearningChineselanguageandculture.Inyouremailyousaidthatyouwantedtoknowsomethingaboutmyfamilyspirits.Well,therearemanygoodqualitiesthathavebeenpassedfromgenerationtogenerationinmyfamily.Myparentsalwayslayemphasisontheimportanceofhonesty,bravery,perseveranceanddiligenceandtheyhavesetgoodexamplesformeandmybrother.Myfamilyspiritshaveaprofoundinfluenceonme.I'malwaysfriendlytoothersandamalwaysreadytohelpothers.IalwayscheerupandneverstopchasingmygoaleventhoughImeetwithdifficulties.Owinggreatthankstothosegoodqualities,Ihavemadegreatachievementsinmystudyandlife.Yours，LiHua[答案示例]DearMichael，I'mgladtoknowthatyouarelearningChineselanguageandculture.NowI'lltellyousomethingaboutmyfamilyspirits.Myparentsalwayslayemphasisontheimportanceofhonesty，bravery，perseveranceanddiligenceandtheyhavesetgoodexamplesforus.I'malwaysfriendlytoothersandreadytohelpothers.Ialwayscheerupandneverstopchasingmygoal.Ihavemadegreatachievementsinmystudyandlife.Yours，LiHua eq\a\vs4\al(閱讀理解提速練)eq\a\vs4\al(4篇閱讀＋1篇七選五，限時35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2018·石家莊高三聯考)Inthecourseofourlives,someonewithwhomwegotacquaintedbyaccidentofteninspiresus.Earlyonemorning,Iopenedthewindowtofindthatthesunwassplashedeverywhere.Thesunshinewarmedmyface,makingitfortable.Istartedtoplaymybelovedviolin.Mymindwasquitefocused,myspiritfirm,andmymoodentirelyfreeofworry.WhenIwasplayingtheclimaxtothepiece,asoundfromnextdoorgotmyattention.Iwasfascinatedandhadaspecialidea:“Howwonderfulifweplayedtogether！”IbegantoplaypiecesbyBeethovenwithmyneighbor,onepieceafteranother.WeplayedtogethersowellthatIwascuriousabouthowsheorhelooked.However,Icouldn'tfigureoutwhytheviolinistnextdoorneverrespondedwhenIknockedonthedoor.Iwasextremelydisappointed.Ayearlater,Itookpartinaviolinpetition.Attheevent,Imadeanewfriend,whosenamewasRita.Thisgirl,whowasmyage,wasdeafanddumb,butshehadplayedtheviolinforeightyears!IsawRitacarefullywalkontothestage.Sheputtheviolinbetweenherneckandshoulderandbegantoperform.“Themelodyissofamiliar！”Isaidtomyself.Itwasunbelievablethatagirlwhowasdeafanddumbcouldplaysuchmarvelousmusic.Theaudiencewarmlyapplaudedher.Whatwasevenhardertobelievewasthatthegirlwasmyneighbor.Itwasfatethatweshouldmeetandbeefriends.Rita'sstorymademerealizethatlifeisnotalwayssunnyorpoetic;sometimesthereareviolentstormsandsetbacks.However,nomatterwhatyousuffer,believeinyourselfandstrive.Youcansucceed.語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者的鄰居是位聾啞姑娘，但她卻能用小提琴演奏出美妙的樂曲。作者通過這個故事告訴我們：有志者，事竟成。1．Whywastherenoresponseeverytimetheauthorknockedonhisneighbor'sdoor?A．Hisneighborhadmovedaway.B．Hisneighbormeanttodeclinehim.C．Hisneighborwashearing-challenged.D．Hisneighborwastooexcitedtorespond.解析：選C細節理解題。根據第四段中的“Itwasunbelievablethatagirlwhowasdeafanddumbcouldplaysuchmarvelousmusic.”并結合全文內容可知，作者的鄰居就是這位聾啞女孩，她聽不到敲門聲所以無法回應。故C項正確。2．Whatisthemessageconveyedinthelastparagraph?A．Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.B．Happinessexistsinacceptance.C．Afallinthepit,againinyourwit.D．Smiletolife,andyou'llgetasmileback.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“However,nomatterwhatyousuffer,believeinyourselfandstrive.Youcansucceed.”可推知，最后一段主要表達的是“有志者，事竟成”。故A項正確。3．Theauthorwrotethistextmainlyto________.A．introducehisneighborRitaB．valuehisfriendshipwithRitaC．speakhighlyofRita'sviolinskillsD．showtheinspirationhegotfromRita解析：選D寫作意圖題。根據第一段并結合最后一段內容可知，本文旨在告訴讀者作者從鄰居——聾啞女孩Rita那里得到的啟示。故D項正確。B(2018·寧夏銀川高三教學質檢)Itisnotonlypraiseorpunishmentthatdeterminesachild'slevelofconfidence.Therearesomeotherimportantwaysweshapeourkids—particularlybygivinginstructionsandmandsinanegativeorpositivechoiceofwords.Forexample,wecansaytoachild“Don'trunintotraffic！”or“Stayonthefootpathclosetome.”Inusingthelatter,youwillbehelpingyourkidstothinkandactpositively,andtofeelpetentinawiderangeofsituations,becausetheyknowwhattodo,andaren'tscaringthemselveswithwhatnottodo.Actually,itisallinthewaythehumanmindworks.Whatwethink,weautomaticallyrehearse.Forexample,ifsomeoneofferedyouamilliondollarsnottothinkofabluemonkeyfortwominutes,youwouldn'tbeabletodoit.Whenachildistold“Don'tfalloffthetree，”hewillthinkoftwothings：“don't”and“falloffthetree”.Thatis,hewillautomaticallycreatethepictureoffallingoffthetreeinhismind.Achildwhoisvividlyimaginingfallingoffthetreeismuchmorelikelytofalloff.Soitisfarbettertouse“Holdontothetreecarefully.”Clear,positiveinstructionshelpkidstounderstandtherightwaytodothings.Kidsdonotalwaysknowhowtobesafe,orhowtoreacttothewarningofthedangerinnegativewords.Soparentsshouldmaketheirmandspositive.“Sam,holdonfirmlytothesideoftheboat”ismuchmoreusefulthan“Don'tyoudaretofalloutoftheboat？”or“HowdoyouthinkI'llfeelifyoudrown？”Thechangesaresmallbutthedifferenceisobvious.Childrenlearnhowtoguideandorganizethemselvesfromthewayweguidethemwithourwords,soitpaystobepositive.語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。在對孩子做出命令和指示時，父母所用的正面或負面的表達方式會影響孩子的自信心。4．Positivechoiceofwordshelpskidsto________.A．dothingscarefullyB．learnindifferentsituationsC．improvetheirimaginationD．builduptheirconfidence解析：選D細節理解題。根據第一段的最后一句可知，父母用積極的表達方式更能夠激發孩子們的自信心。故選D。5．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A．Onecan'thelpimaginingwhatisheard.B．Achildwillactonwhatisinstructed.C．Achildwillfalloffthetreewhentoldnotto.D．Onewon'tthinkofabluemonkeywhengivenmoney.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據第二段的第三句“Forexample,ifsomeoneofferedyouamilliondollarsnottothinkofabluemonkeyfortwominutes,youwouldn'tbeabletodoit.”及后面的兩個例子可知，當被告知不要做某事時，腦海中卻會情不自禁地浮現出做某事的樣子，故選A。6．Whichofthefollowingmandshelpskidstobesafe?A．Fastenyourseatbelt.B．Don'tplaybythelake.C．HowdoyouthinkI'llfeelifyougethurt?D．Don'tyoudaretowalkthroughtheredlight?解析：選A推理判斷題。根據全文內容可知，明確的、肯定的命令更能讓孩子們正確地行事，故A項符合題意。7．Themainideaofthepassageisthat________.A．praisemakeskidsconfidentB．rightinstructionskeepkidssafeC．positiveinstructionsguidekidsD．clearmandsmakekidsdifferent解析：選C主旨大意題。通讀全文內容可知，本文主要論述了不同的命令和指示方式運用在教導孩子上的效果是迥然不同的，積極的指令有助于增加孩子的自信，指導孩子的行為，故選C。C(2018·福州市普通高中畢業班質檢)OnWednesday,nearly300kidswilltakepartintheNationalSpellingBee.Fewerwillmakeittothefollowingday'ssemi-finals,whereonemistakemeanselimination(淘汰)．I'dbetthatmanyofthemwillbesilentlypraying—notonthefirstword.IknewitbecauseIwasthere17yearsago.Iwasa14-year-oldgirlthen.MymotherandIhadflownfromKentuckytoWashington,butthecapitalwasnostrangetoher.Myoldersisterhadalreadypetedatthenationallevel.Whenmysisterwas14andIwas12,wetrainedtogether.WebeganwiththeSuggestedListgivenoutatschool—hundredsofwordsprintedonaposterthatcouldbefoldeduplikeamap.Whenthewordsalongthecreases(褶痕)begantodisappear,weboughtadditionalspellinglists.Sometimesmymothertestedus,readingwordsmostEnglishteacherswouldn'tknowhowtopronounce,letalonemyIndian-bornmother.Whenshepointedoutthemisspelledwords,Iblamedheraccentformyerrors!Whenitwasmyturn,Iapproachedthemicrophoneandwaitedformyfirstword.Theannouncerwassomewheretomyleft,amanwhopronouncedclearly.“Barbican，”hesaid.Itseemedthatmypetitorsweresecretlyplainingabouttherelativeeaseofmyword.WouldtheylaughatmeifIcouldn'tspellit?Wouldmymotherbedisappointedinme?Thatlastsyllablecouldgotwoways:C-A-NorC-O-N.Whichonewasright?FinallyIdecidedonC-O-N.Ofcourse,IwaseliminatedandguidedtothefortRoom,whereparentscouldn'tenter.Inside,recentlosersweresittingaroundatableabundantwithjunkfood.Wecasuallymentionedthewordsthatdefeatedus,likeaspecialceremonytoweleeachnewarrival.Thenwechangedthesubjectifwe'dalreadymovedonfrommissedwordsandlostopportunities.Eventually,Iwentoutandsawmymother.“Well，”shesaid,“I_guess_you_won't_be_doing_this_again.”Yes,nextyearIwouldbe15andnotallowedtotakepartinthepetition.語篇解讀：本文為記敘文，主要敘述了“我”14歲時參加全國英文拼字大賽的經歷。8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph1referto?A．Thedifficultyofthefirstword.B．Thefiercepetition.C．Thenervousnessofthekids.D．Thestrictrules.解析：選C代詞指代題。根據第一段最后兩句可知，參加比賽的孩子都很緊張，所以默默祈禱，千萬別在第一個單詞就被淘汰；而“我”知道孩子們緊張是因為“我”在17年前有過這樣的經歷。據此可知，it指代孩子們的緊張，故C項正確。9．Theauthorfailedprobablybecause________.A．shewasunabletorelaxB．theannouncerhadanaccentC．herpetitorsdisturbedherD．shedidn'tpractisehardenough解析：選A推理判斷題。根據第七段前三句“Itseemedthatmypetitorswere...Wouldmymotherbedisappointedinme？”可以判斷，“我”無法放松，心里想得很多，所以影響發揮而被淘汰。故A項正確。10．WhatdidtheauthordointhefortRoom?A．Shemethermother.B．Shefortednewarrivals.C．Shetalkedwithotherlosers.D．Shewatchedthepetition.解析：選C細節理解題。根據倒數第三段“Wecasuallymentionedthewordsthatdefeatedus...Thenwechangedthesubjectifwe'dalreadymovedonfrommissedwordsandlostopportunities.”可知，在thefortRoom里，“我”在和其他淘汰者聊天，故C項正確。11．Whydidtheauthor'smothersaytheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraph?A．Shewasdisappointedintheauthor.B．Theauthorwouldbebeyondtheagelimit.C．Shedidn'twanttheauthortosufferagain.D．Theauthorhadnointerestinthepetition.解析：選B句意理解題。根據最后一段中的“Yes,nextyearIwouldbe15andnotallowedtotakepartinthepetition.”可以判斷，“我”由于超過年齡限制，不能再參賽。D(2018·重慶市重點中學高三第一次聯考)IfyouarelikemostEnglishlearners,youmaybefamiliarwiththis:Youthinkyouunderstandatopic.Yetwhenaskedtousewhatyouhavelearned,youarenotabletoremembertheinformation.Notbeingabletoretrieve(數據檢索)newideascouldhappenonatestoreveninaconversation.SarahLynn,aneducationalconsultantandteacher,thinksEnglishlearnerscanimprovetheirabilitytorememberandusenewwordsbytestingthemselves.Sheaddsthatself-testingimprovesretrieval—theabilitytouseandremembernewwords.Lynnisnottheonlyexpertwhoremendsself-testing.ApaperinJournalofAppliedResearchinMemoryandCognitionsaysonebenefitoftestingpracticeisthatitimprovesretrieval.Retrievinginformationoncemakesretrievingthatinformationeasierinthefuture.Inaddition,thepapersays,whenstudentstestthemselvesaspartofstudying,theylearnwhattheydonotknow.Whenstudentsknowwhattheydonotunderstand,theycanpayattentiontooveringtheirweaknesses.Lynnremendsthatlearnerstestthemselvesbygettingawayfromwhattheyarestudying.Then,theyshouldtestthemselvesbythinkingaboutwhattheyhavelearned.Sheremendsthatlearnersmakethemselveswriteorspeaksomething.Lynnsuggestsreadingsomethingorwatchingavideoonthetopic,thengettingridofthereadingorvideomaterialandsummarizingit.Thiswillallowlearnerstotestwhattheyknow.NexttimeyouarestudyingEnglish,trytotestyourself.Butdonotjustassumethatyoucanreadsomethingonceortwiceandfullyunderstandit.Evenifyouhighlightimportantpointsortakenotesinaclass,youprobablydonotfullyunderstandwhatyoulearned.Afterall,Olympicathletescannotlearnhowtoswimorrunjustfromreadingabook.Theyhavetopracticeswimmingorrunningeverydayforyears.Theyoftenpeteinracestotesttheirskills.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文，介紹了SarahLynn提出的自我測試可以提高英語學習者記憶和使用新單詞的能力的觀點。12．What'sthemonsituationfacedbyEnglishlearners?A．Theyfailtoeupwithnewideas.B．Theyarenotfamiliarwithacertaintopic.C．Theydon'tlearnaswellastheythink.D．Theydon'tknowhowtoimprovetheirtest-takingskills.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據第一段可知，英語學習者中普遍存在的一個問題是他們掌握的知識并沒有自己想象中的那么好。故C項正確。13．WhichistheadvicegivenbyLynnaboutself-testing?A．Recallwhat'slearnedwiththebookclosed.B．Rememberwhat'slearnedbyrepetitivereciting.C．Questionyourteachersonwhatyoudoubtbravely.D．Challengeyourselftolearnfromvideos.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“Lynnremendsthatlearnerstestthemselvesbygettingawayfromwhattheyarestudying.”和“Lynnsuggestsreadingsomethingorwatchingavideoonthetopic,thengettingridofthereadingorvideomaterialandsummarizingit.”可知，Lynn建議人們脫離閱讀材料或視頻材料進行自我檢測，故A項正確。14．WhyareOlympicathletesmentioned?A．Toshowhowtobesuccessfulathletes.B．Tomakepeopleconfidentoflearning.C．TowarnEnglishlearnersnottobeproud.D．Tostressthesignificanceofpractice.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據最后一段的內容，尤其是“Olympica