課時作業9WheelsⅠ.閱讀理解A(2019·綿陽中學模擬考試)WhenIwaslittle,IsawtonsofbatsflyingaroundstreetlightsatnightinmyneighborhoodinupstateNewYork.BythetimeIturned7,Inoticedsomethingstrange:Allthebatsinmyneighborhoodhadvanished,_andIwonderedwhy.LaterIlearnedwhathadhappenedtomytown'sbats.Adiseasecalled“whitenosesyndrome(白鼻綜合征)”hadkilled93percentofNewYorkState'sbats(andabout6millionbatsacrossthecountry)!Iwasshocked.IaskedthebatbiologistwhatIcoulddotohelp,andshesaid,“Tellotherswhat'sbeenhappening.Helppeopleunderstandthatbatsareimportanttoourenvironmentandneedtobeprotected.”IthoughtImustteachpeopleaboutbats.Myfirststop?Thelibrary,whereIeventuallycheckedouteverybookonbatstheyhad.Next,IstartedaFacebookpagecalledBuddiesforBatsandpostedanyphotos,facts,andvideosthatIcouldfind.ThenIwrotealettertothehostofanenvironmentalprogramonmylocalradiostation,askingifthey'ddoashowonbats.(Theydid！)ButIstillwantedtofindawaytoeducatepeoplefacetoface.Imanagedtomakeapresentationtoaschool.Ialsousedtoolstodescribehowbatshelpfarmers(andprotectourfoodsupply)byeatingcrop-damaginginsects.Ipracticedmypresentationuntilitshonelikeapolishedstone.Itwentoversowellthatotherteachersstartedrequestingme.Overthepastthreeyears,I'vetalkedinfrontofeveryonefrom5-year-oldstoseniorcitizens!ThemoreIpresent,themoreInoticethatIamchangingminds.Ihavewatchedpeoplegofromdismissingbatsas“disgusting(令人厭惡的)”totrulyunderstandingthemandadvocatingtheirprotection.Rightnow,I'mthinkingofbecomingamarinebiologist(海洋生物學家)someday.AslongasI'mhelpinganimals,I'llbehappy.本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者幫助保護蝙蝠的故事。1．Whentheauthorwaslittle,bats________.A．livedmainlyinthesouthofAmericaB．werewellprotectedinupstateNewYorkC．didgreatharmtothenaturalenvironmentD．existedinlargequantitiesinupstateNewYork答案：D解析：細節理解題。由第一段中的“...tonsofbatsflyingaroundstreetlightsatnightinmyneighborhoodinupstateNewYork”可知，作者小時候，晚上能看到成群的蝙蝠，由此可知，那時紐約北部的蝙蝠數目極多。2．Theunderlinedword“vanished”inParagraph2canbestbereplacedby“________”．A．reproduced B．disappearedC．starved D．expanded答案：B解析：詞義猜測題。由第二段中的“Adiseasecalled‘whitenosesyndrome(白鼻綜合征)’hadkilled93percentofNewYorkState'sbats(andabout6millionbatsacrossthecountry)！”可知，一種被稱為“白鼻綜合征”的疾病殺死了紐約州93%的蝙蝠(全美約六百萬只蝙蝠死亡)。由此推斷，作者看到蝙蝠都消失了。3．Paragraphs3and4mainlytalkabout________.A．theauthor'seffortstohelpprotectbatsB．howtheauthorstartedBuddiesforBatsC．whytheauthordidaradioshowonbatsD．thedifficultytheauthorhadineducatingpeople答案：A解析：段落大意題。由第三、四段的段首句及其后的細節展開可知，這兩段主要講述了作者為幫助人們了解蝙蝠對環境的重要性所做出的努力。4．Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor'spresentation?A．Itwasignoredbytheaudience.B．Itwasfarfromsatisfactory.C．Itwaseffective.D．Itwasboring.答案：C解析：推理判斷題。由倒數第二段中的“ThemoreIpresent...andadvocatingtheirprotection.”可知，作者的演講慢慢地改變了人們的想法，人們不那么討厭蝙蝠了，開始認識到蝙蝠的重要性，并且倡導大家保護蝙蝠。由此可推知，作者的演講很有效。B(2018·江蘇卷)Inthe1760s,MathurinRozeopenedaseriesofshopsthatboasted(享有)aspecialmeatsoupcalledconsommé.Althoughthemainattractionwasthesoup,Roze'schainshopsalsosetanewstandardfordiningout,whichhelpedtoestablishRozeastheinventorofthemodernrestaurant.Today,scholarshavegeneratedlargeamountsofinstructiveresearchaboutrestaurants.Takevisualhintsthatinfluencewhatweeat:dinersservedthemselvesabout20percentmorepasta(意大利面食)whentheirplatesmatchedtheirfood.Whenadark-coloredcakewasservedonablackplateratherthanawhiteone,customersrecognizeditassweeterandmoretasty.Lightingmatters,too.WhenBerlinrestaurantcustomersateindarkness,theycouldn'ttellhowmuchthey'dhad:thosegivenextra-largesharesatemorethaneveryoneelse,butwerenone_the_wiser—theydidn'tfeelfuller,andtheywerejustasreadyfordessert.Timeismoney,butthatprinciplemeansdifferentthingsfordifferenttypesofrestaurants.Unlikefast-foodplaces,finediningshopsprefercustomerstostaylongerandspend.Onewaytoencouragecustomerstostayandorderthatextraround:putonsomeMozart(莫扎特).Whenclassical,ratherthanpop,musicwasplaying,dinersspentmore.Fastmusichurrieddinersout.Particularscentsalsohaveaneffect:dinerswhogotthescentoflavender(薰衣草)stayedlongerandspentmorethanthosewhosmelledlemon,ornoscent.Meanwhile,thingsthatyoumightexpecttodiscouragespending—“bad”tables,crowding,highprices—don'tnecessarily.Dinersatbadtables—nexttothekitchendoor,say—spentnearlyasmuchasothersbutsoonfled.Itcanbeconcludedthatrestaurantkeepersneednot“beoverlyconcernedabout‘bad’tables”，giventhatthey'reprofitable.Asforcrowds,aHongKongstudyfoundthattheyincreasedarestaurant'sreputation,suggestinggreatfoodatfairprices.Anddoublingabuffet'spriceledcustomerstosaythatitspizzawas11percenttastier.本文講述了影響餐飲業效益的幾個因素。5．Theunderlinedphrase“nonethewiser”inparagraph3mostprobablyimpliesthatthecustomerswere________.A．notawareofeatingmorethanusualB．notwillingtosharefoodwithothersC．notconsciousofthefoodqualityD．notfondofthefoodprovided答案：A解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段內容可知，在餐館里的燈光昏暗的情況下，顧客判斷不出自己吃了多少食物，即使吃多了也不會覺得飽，因為他們意識不到自己比平時吃得多。故答案為A。6．Howcouldafinediningshopmakemoreprofit?A．Playingclassicalmusic.B．Introducinglemonscent.C．Makingthelightbrighter.D．Usingplatesoflargersize.答案：A解析：細節理解題。根據第四段中的“Onewaytoencouragecustomerstostayandorderthatextraround:putonsomeMozart...dinersspentmore”可知，要想讓顧客在餐館多停留、多消費，餐館可以播放古典音樂，故A項符合題意。7．Whatdoesthelastparagraphtalkabout?A．Tipstoattractmorecustomers.B．Problemsrestaurantsarefacedwith.C．Waystoimproverestaurants'reputation.D．Commonmisunderstandingsaboutrestaurants.答案：D解析：段落大意題。根據最后一段的首句可知，人們認為的一些會阻止顧客消費的因素都不一定會是如此；下文圍繞此進行了說明。故本題答案為D項。Ⅱ.完形填空(2019·云南玉溪檢測)OnceuponatimeaBrahmin(婆羅門)cametovisitBirbal.Hecamewithastrange__1__.Hewantedtobeaddressedas“pandit”.Nowtheterm“pandit”referstoamanof__2__.ButunfortunatelythispoorBrahminwasuneducated.Birbaltriedtoexplainthedifferencetohim,sayingthatitwasnot__3__tocallanuneducatedmanapanditandbecauseofthisveryreasonitwouldbeimproperto__4__himso.ButtheBrahminhadhisheartsetonthis__5__.So,asusual,Birbalhada(n)__6__.HesaidthatastheBrahminwasanuneducatedman,heshouldhurl(猛投)abuseand__7__atanyonewhodaredtoaddresshimbytheverysametitlehewanted.ThenBirbal__8__allhisservantstocallthislowlyBrahminapandit.TheBrahminwasvery__9__.Butthemomenttheservantsstartedaddressinghimas“pandit”，he__10__tobeveryangryandstartedtoabusethem__11__.ThenascleverBirbal__12__，hepickedupafewstonesandhurledthemintheir__13__.Allthis__14__andscreamingdrewacrowd.WhenpeoplerealizedthatthisBrahminwas__15__everytimeanyonecalledhim“pandit”，theyallstartedto__16__him.Overthenextcoupleofdays,hewould__17__hear“pandit”whereverhewent.Verysoonthewholetown__18__referringtohimasapanditmuchtohisdelight.The__19__Brahminneverrealizedwhypeoplewerecallinghiminthismanner.Andhewasextremelypleasedwiththeresult.He__20__Birbalfromtheverybottomofhisfoolishheart.一個沒有學問的婆羅門找到比巴爾，要求被稱為“博學家”。比巴爾用自己的辦法教訓了他。1．A.girl B．beliefC．excuse D．request答案：D解析：聯系空后的“Hewantedtobeaddressedas‘pandit’”可知，他有一個要求，他想讓別人稱呼他為“pandit”。2．A.managing B．strugglingC．learning D．training答案：C解析：根據下句uneducated判斷：有學識的人才能被稱為“pandit”。由此，也可以推測pandit是指很有知識和學問的人。learning“知識；學問”。3．A.possible B．correctC．legal D．easy答案：B解析：聯系空后的“tocallanuneducatedmanapandit”可知，把一個沒有學識的人稱為“博學家”是不合適的，也是不正確的。4．A.offer B．answerC．teach D．call答案：D解析：聯系前文的“Hewantedtobeaddressedas‘pandit’”以及空后的“himso”可以得出答案。5．A.program B．reportC．person D．title答案：D解析：根據后文的“theverysametitlehewanted”可知，這個婆羅門一心想要這個稱號。6．A.aim B．chanceC．idea D．change答案：C解析：所以，為了教訓這個愚昧的婆羅門，比巴爾想出了一個辦法。7．A.stones B．ropesC．bricks D．bottles答案：A解析：根據后文的“hepickedupafewstonesandhurledthem”可知，比巴爾讓他扔的是石頭。8．A.forced B．orderedC．persuaded D．permitted答案：B解析：聯系空后的“allhisservantstocallthislowlyBrahminapandit”可知，他命令仆人們稱呼這個婆羅門為“博學家”。9．A.interested B．shockedC．encouraged D．pleased答案：D解析：聽到別人稱自己為“博學家”，他感到很高興。10．A.failed B．pretende