河南省開封市2023-2024學年高一下學期期末調研英語檢測試題本試卷分第I卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分。共150分,考試時間120分鐘。注意事項：1.答卷前,考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上,并將自己的準考證號、座位號填寫在本試卷上。2.回答選擇題時,選出每小題答案后,用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑；如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后,再涂選其他答案標號,涂寫在本試卷上無效。3.作答非選擇題時,請用直徑0.5毫米的黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區域內作答,超出答題區域書寫的答案無效,在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。第I卷(選擇題,共95分)第一部分聽力(共兩節,滿分30分)做題時,先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后,你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(共5小題；每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whydoesthewomanrefusetheman'sinvitation?A.Shecan'taffordthetime.B.Shedoesn'tlikethemovie.C.Sheisinhospitalfortreatment.2.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Ajob.B.Atrainingcourse.C.Aninterestingexperience.3.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheman?A.Thankful.B.Dissatisfied.C.Proud.4.Whydoesthewomanlooktroubled?A.Becauseshehastoleaveherfriend.B.Becauseshedoesn'tlikelivinginthedorm.C.Becauseshecan'tmanagetomovehouseherself.5.Wherearethespeakers?A.Ataclothingstore.B.Atthedoctor's.C.Athome.第二節(共15小題；每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘；聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whyisthemantalkingtothewoman?A.Todoataskforaprogram.B.Tosellbooks.C.Todoasurvey.7.Whodoesthewomanadmiremost?A.Anactress.B.Awriter.C.Adancer.聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。8.Howmuchwillthemanpayfortheroompernight?A.$50.B.$62.C.$75.9.Whatdoesthemancareaboutmost?A.Thetelephone.B.Thetelevision.C.TheInternet.聽第8段材料,回答第10至12題。10.Whatisthemandoing?A.Tellingthewomanaboutateacher.B.Introducingacoursetothewoman.C.Helpingthewomanwithherhomework.11.WhatdoesthemanlikemostaboutDr.Miller?A.Hispatience.B.Hisseriousness.C.Hisunderstanding.12.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.ThewomanisgoingtotakeDr.Miller'sclass.B.ThemanhadateacherlikeDr.Millerbefore.C.Dr.MillerhasbeenteachinginEnglandfor10years.聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.Howmuchdoesthemanhavetopaytojointheclub?A.1.50.B.2.C.5.14.WhydoesVideoClubholdameeting?A.Tosendoutalistoffilms.B.Tointroducefilmsfromabroad.C.Tocollectinformationonpopularfilms.15.Whatfilmsaremostpeopleinterestedin?A.Britishfilms.B.Americanfilms.16.Howwillthemangettheform?A.He'llhaveitbypost.B.He'llpickituphimself.C.He'llgetitfromtheclub'swebsite.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whendoesthespeakerusuallygotothehealthclub?A.Intheevening.B.Atnoon.18.Whatdoesthespeakerhaveinthemorning?A.Asandwich.B.Somecoffee.C.Ahamburger.19.Wheredoesthespeakerhaveherlunch?A.Inheroffice.B.Atherhome.C.Inarestaurant.20.WhatdoesthespeakerusuallydoonSundayevenings?A.Playsoccer.B.Playtennis.C.Goswimming.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節,滿分50分)第一節(共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項,并在答題卷上將該項涂黑。ABridgeDesignAllOvertheWorldHartlandCoveredBridgeTheHartlandCoveredBridgeistheworld'slongestcoveredbridge.The1,282-foot-longbridgewasopenedin1901andhasbeenonCanada'slistofNationalHistoricSitessince1980.Althoughitwasoriginallybuiltwithoutaroof,thebridgewascappedwithwoodenmaterialsduringtherepairsin1921.Rio-NiteroiBridgeCompletedin1974,theRio-NiteroiBridgeinBrazilisthesecond-longestbridgeinallofLatinAmericaconnectingthecitiesofRioandNiteroiacrosstheGuanabaraBay.TheRio-NiteroiBridgeistechnicallyknownasa“box-girder(箱形梁)”bridge,madeofspecialconcrete.Itreceivesanastonishing140,000(ormore)vehiclesperday.Danyang-KunshanGrandBridgeNobridgeisaslongastheDanyang-KunshanGrandBridgeintheworld.The164.8-kilometre-longbridgebuiltin2011inChinaoperatesaspartoftheBeijing-ShanghaiHigh-SpeedRailway.ThetripfromNingbotoJiaxingthatpreviouslytook4.5hourshasbeenreducedtotwo,thankstothisbridge.JiaozhouBayBridgeThenewly-builtJiaozhouBayBridgeinChinawasnamed“world'slongestbridgeoverwater”byGuinnessBookofWorldRecordsin2011,atitlepreviouslyheldbytheLakePontchartrainCauseway.Thedisputewassettledwhenthetitleof“longestcontinuousbridgeoverwater”wasgiventothecauseway,withtheJiaozhouBayBridgereceivingthetitleof“longestbridgeoverwater”.21.WhatisthespecialfeatureoftheHartlandCoveredBridge?A.Ithasaroof. B.ItisabusybridgeC.Itisawoodenbridge. D.Itisthelongestbridge.22.Whichofthefollowingbridgecantrainspassthrough?A.Rio-NiteroiBridge. B.JiaozhouBayBridge.C.HartlandCoveredBridge. D.Danyang-KunshanGrandBridge.23.Wherecanyoufindtheearliestbridgeinthefourcountries?A.InAmerica.B.InBrazil.C.InCanada.D.InChina.BAfewyearsago,wecelebratedFrankenstein's200thbirthday.Thisfamousbook,writtenbyBritishnovelistMaryShelley(1797-1851),isrightlyknownasthefirstworkofsciencefiction.Frankensteinisthenameofadoctorwhocreatesacreaturefromhumanbodyparts.Thedoctor'sambitionsforhisworkarenoble,buthisexperimenthasdisastrousresults.Shelleywaswritinginanagewhensciencewasbeginningtohaveagreatimpactontheworld.Peoplehaddifferentattitudestowardsciencethen.Somefounditinspiring—theythoughtoftheprogressmedicinewasmakingincuringcommonillnesses.Butothersfounditalittlefrightening—itwaschanginglife,makingitalotlessfamiliar.Scienceplaysabiggerpartinourlivesthanitdidtwocenturiesago.Today,sciencehasbroughtusgreatthingsliketheInternet,butalsonuclearweapons,which,ifusedinlargenumbers,couldkilloffourspecies.SciencestillthereforecreatesthemixedfeelingsitdidinShelley'sday.It'sbecauseShelleysawboththepromiseandthedangerofsciencethatshe'sstillaninfluencetoday.Infact,hersubtitleofthebook,TheModernPrometheus(普羅米修斯),showshowimportantmyth(神話)wastothewriter.Prometheus,afigurefromclassicalCreekmythology,writtenbyancientCreekplaywrightSophocles,stealsfirefromthegodsandgivesittopeople,anactforwhichheisterriblypunished.Shelley'shusband,thefamouspoetPercyShelley,wroteabouthiminPrometheusUnbound.Inthepoem,heisarevolutionaryhero,whotriumphsoverthegods.InMaryShelley'sbook,however,hermodernPrometheus,DrFrankenstein,isahighlycontroversialfigure,whosacrificeshishomeandlifeforhiscrazyaddictiontohiscreation.Inshort,MaryShelley'sbookisnotjustascaryandmovingstory,butaphilosophicaltalethat,evenafter200years,stillspeakstomodernreaders.24.WhatcanweknowaboutDrFrankensteinandthecreaturehemade?A.Hecreateditwithanimalparts.B.Hemanagedtokillitintheend.C.Hecreateditwithgoodintentions.D.Hewasawareofitsdangersbeforeitscreation.25.ComparedwithPrometheusinGreekmythology,DrFrankenstcinA.isarevolutionaryheroB.hasinspiredmanypoetsC.sufferslittleforwhathedoesD.leadstoalotofcontroversy26.Whydotoday'sreadersstillrelatetoMaryShelley?A.Herworkdiscusseswhatitmeanstobehuman.B.Herworkwarnspeopleofthetwosidesofscience.C.Herworkexplainsthatanylifedeservesourrespect.D.Herworkprovestheimportantroleofscienceinlife.27.Whattypeoftextisthis?A.Abiography.B.Abookreview.C.Ashortstory.D.Anewsreport.CWhofirstproposedtheholidayforworkers?It'snotentirelyclear,buttwoworkerscanmakeasolidclaimtotheFounderofLaborDaytitle.Somerecordsshowthatin1882,PeterJ.McGuire,generalsecretaryoftheBrotherhoodofCarpentersandJoinersandaco-founderoftheAmericanFederationofLabor,suggestedsettingasideadayfora“generalholidayforthelaboringclasses”.ButmanybelievethatmachinistMatthewMaguire,notPeterMcGuire,foundedtheholiday.ThefirstLaborDayholidaywascelebratedonTuesday,September5,1882,inNewYorkCity,accordingtotheplansoftheCentralLaborUnion.TheCentralLaborUnionhelditssecondLaborDayholidayjustayearlater,onSeptember5,1883.By1894,23morestateshadadoptedtheholiday,andonJune28,1894,PresidentGroverClevelandsignedalawmakingthefirstMondayinSeptemberofeachyearanationalholiday.ManyAmericanscelebrateLaborDaywithparades(游行),picnicsandparties—festivitiesverysimilartothoseoutlinedbythefirstproposalforaholiday,whichsuggestedthatthedayshouldbeobservedwithastreetparadetoexhibit“thestrengthandspiritsofthetradeandlabororganizations”ofthecommunity,followedbyafestivalfortherecreationandamusementoftheworkersandtheirfamilies.ThisbecamethepatternforthecelebrationsofLaborDay.Speechesbyimportantofficialmenandwomenwereintroducedlater,asmoreemphasiswasplacedupontheeconomicandcivilsignificanceoftheholiday.Stilllater,byaresolutionoftheAmericanFederationofLaborconventionof1909,theSundaybeforeLaborDaywasadoptedasLaborSundayanddevotedtothespiritualandeducationalaspectsofthelabormovement.Americanlaborhasraisedthenation'sstandardoflivingandcontributedtothegreatestproductiontheworldhaseverknown,andthelabormovementhasbroughtusclosertotherealizationofourtraditionalidealsofeconomicandpoliticaldemocracy.28.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph2?A.People'sviewsaboutthefounderofLaborDayvary.B.TheauthorconsideredMatthewMaguirethefounder.C.PeterJ.McGuirewantedtosetafewdaysforaholiday.D.LaborDaywasoriginallysetupforAmericanmachinists.29.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytellus?A.TherealmeaningofLaborDay.B.ThedevelopmentofLaborDay.C.ThereasonofsettingLaborDay.D.People'semphasisonLaborDay.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“festivities”inparagraph4mean?A.Manners.B.Approaches. C.Rewards. D.Celebrations.31.Whatideadoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthelasttwoparagraphs?A.ItisknownthatAmericadevelopsveryfast.B.TheoriginalmeaningofLaborDaychanges.C.Itisworthwhiletosetadayforthelaborer.D.Thelabormovementmakesthelifeunsteady.DWhetheryouprefersolodancingorbeinginvolvedinamoreformalizedprogram,dancingofferstheobviousplustoyourphysicalhealth.You'renotonlymovingyourbodyinarhythmicwayandexpressingfeelingsbutalsoburningcaloriesinyourbodyandgettingaworkoutforsure.Inarecentstudy,researcherscomparedtheeffectsofwalking,stretchinganddancingonthewhiteandgraymatteroftheagingbrain.Theresultshoweddancinghadthesignificantlypositiveeffect.Intheexperiment,aftervolunteersintheir60sand70swithhealthybrainsdidn'tshowsignsofcognitive(認知的)disorder,researchersplacedtheminthreegroupsrandomly.Onegroupwalked,anothergroupstretchedanddidbalancetrainingandthelastgrouplearnedcountrydancing.Thearrangementsofthedancingbecameprogressivelymorechallengingovertime.Theyalldidtheassignedactivityforonehouraday,threetimesaweek.Afteraperiodofsixmonths,thevolunteers'brainswerere-scannedandcomparedtotheirbrainswhentheyhadbeguntheirvoluntarywork.AgnieszkaBurzynska,thestudy'sleadauthorwhoiscurrentlyaneuroscientistanddirectoroftheBRAINLabatColoradoStateUniversity,foundonlyonegroupshowedamemoryimprovement—thecountrydancers.Theparticipantswholearnedcountrydancingnowhadricherwhitematterinthepartofthebrainthatprocessedmemory.Whitematterusuallybreaksdownasapersonages,whichmayleadtocognitivedecline.Dancing,therefore,protectedthebrainfromaging-causedneurodegeneration.So,dancingisnotjustanaerobicactivitygoodforyourphysicalhealth.Ithelpsyourbrain,too!Countrydancing,ballroomdancing,tangoandwaltzarealldonewithothers.Whenyoutakepartinthesedances,you’reinvolvedinabeneficialsocialactivityaswell.Youarealsocognitivelymotivatingyourbrainasyoulearnthestepsofthedances.Dancingthereforemightbeoneofthebestphysicalactivitiesyoucanchooseforbrainhealth.32.What'sthepurposeofparagraph1?A.Toaddbackgroundmaterial.B.Tointroducethetopicofthetext.C.Toraisequestionsaboutexercise.D.Topresentexperimentalconditions.33.Whatcanwelearnaboutthevolunteersintheexperiment?A.Theyweregroupedatrandom.B.Theywereundercognitivedecline.C.Theywereallaskedtolearndancing.D.Theywereallborninthe1960sand1970s.34.Whatdidtheresearchersmainlyintendtoprovethroughtheexperiment?A.Thebrainfunctionofvolunteers.B.Thecognitivedisorderofvolunteers.C.Therelationshipbetweenageanddancing.D.Theeffectofdancingonthevolunteers'brains.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowDancingAffectsPeople'sLifestyleB.WhyDancingIstheBestSocialActivityC.HowDancingHelpsPeople'sBrainHealthD.WhyCountryDancingIsBeneficialtoPeople'sHealth第二節(共5小題；每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Sleepisveryimportantforprotectingandmaintainingpeople'snormalactivities.Itcansupplementtheenergyofyourbody,enhanceyourresistance,promotethenormalgrowthanddevelopmentofyourbody.36_________Thefirststepistoswitchyourpillow.Thepoorpillowdeservesarestifyou'reconstantlybeatingit,turningitoverandupsidedown.37_________Andthenyoucanputasweet-smellingpillowtowelonitandtryagain.Choosingtherightpillowisanotherchoice.OneSwedishstudyfoundthatneckpillowscanactuallyimprovethequalityofyoursleepaswellasreduceneckpain.38_________Anditshould-providenecksupport.Apillowwithtwosupportingcoresreceivedthebestratingfromthe55peoplewhoparticipatedinthestudy.Anotherstudyfoundthatwater-filledpillowsandpillowsmadeofnaturalfibersprovidedagoodnight'ssleepwhencomparedtoparticipants'usualpillowsorrollpillows.39___________Eventhebarelynoticeablelightfromstreetlights,afullmoonoryourneighbor'shousecaninterferewiththecircadianrhythmchangesyouneedtofallasleep.Soitisnecessarytoblockoutsomelightwithproperfabrics.Besides,cleaningyourbedroomandpaintingitcomfortinggreenarehelpful.Themoremess,themoredistractionsinthewayofagoodnight'ssleep.Instead,thesmoothandcleansurfacesactasacomforttoyourbrain,helpingtosmoothoutyourownworriesandmentalto-dolists.40__________Itcanrelaxyouasyoulieinbedreadingorpreparingforsleep.A.Youshouldfindanewpillowfromthecloset.B.However,oversleepingisn'tgoodforyoueither.C.Theidealneckpillowshouldbesoftandnottoohigh.D.Thecomfortingcolorprovidesavisualreminderofsleep.E.Itisverycomfortabletoenjoysomelightinyourbedroom.F.Buthowcanyougetthesleepyourbodyneedsanddeserves?G.You'dbetterswitchtoheaviercurtainsoverthewindowsandusethem.第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節,滿分30分)第一節(共15小題；每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Myfirstcaregivingexperienceinvolveddriving180mileseverydaytoseemygrandmotherwhowasterminallyill.Iwascertainly41astheweeksturnedintomonths,butthedesireto42mygrandmotherinherlastdayswasoverwhelming(無法抗拒的).Yearslater,my87-year-oldfather43morenursingskillsthanIcouldprovide.Ashelived700milesawayfromme,Ideeply44thatIcouldn'ttakecareofhimmyself,butIthoughtmynightlyphonecalls,filledwithlaughterandfamilynews,providedhimwith45support.Then,46,becauseofcancer,Ibecametheonewhoneeded47.Friendsprovidedmeals,housecleaning,andridestoappointments.The48Ifeltfortheseactsofkindnesswasbeyondwords.ItwasalsobecauseoftheirthoughtfulnessthatIcouldfocusallmyenergyon49mybodyandmind.Soonafterwardsintryingtofindameaningfulpurpose,I50theideaofofferingassistancetoothercaregivers.Iwas51withbothsidesofthestruggle,andthisallowedmetopayitforwardfortheincredibleamountofsupportIhadreceived.A(n)52arosewhenacaregiverIknewforyearswasunabletotraveltoherwinterhomeinFlorida.Whilerecoveringfromsurgery,shewas53todrive.Whensheaskedmetobethedriver,Ididn't54,soweheadedsouthonanadventure.Now,duetothepandemic,Ihavetopausedtheprogram,butIlookforwardto55myjourneyofcaringforcaregiverssoon.Iwelcomethechancetolifttheburdenofftheirshoulders,evenifit'sforjustaminute. 41.A.relieved B.delighted C.frustrated D.exhausted42.A.rescue B.comfort C.please D.protect43.A.required B.allowed C.brought D.led44.A.assumed B.regretted C.feared D.doubted45.A.professional B.physical C.financial D.emotional46.A.unfortunately B.gradually C.eventually D.surprisingly47.A.encouragement B.attention C.care D.guidance48.A.bravery B.modesty C.gratitude D.dependence49.A.healing B.creating C.bothering D.making50.A.reflectedon B.cameupon C.wentover D.focusedon51.A.faced B.occupied C.familiar D.bored52.A.problem B.crisis C.opportunity D.emergency53.A.forbidden B.expected C.supposed D.determined54.A.respond B.hesitate C.struggle D.compromise55.A.extending B.planning C.finishing D.continuing第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題,共55分)第二節(共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Recyclingplays56________majorroleinfightingagainstpollution.Byrecyclingpaper,wenotonlysaveourtrees,butwealsorecycleglassbottles,milkcartonsandplastics.Itisknowntoall 57__________recyclingpreservesmanynon-renewableresourcesandreducesgreenhousegasemissions.Nowcleanerssend58________(little)householdwastetolandfillsitesthanbeforeandlessenergyisrequiredwhenwearemakingnewmaterialsfromoldones.Healthregulationsoncepreventedrecycledplasticsfrombeingmadeuse59________tomakefoodcontainersbutnewtechnologyhasseenthisbanliftedinsomecountries.Rainwater60_______(collect)fromroadsandroofsofbuildingsisalsorecycled.Watertreatmentplantstreatmillionsoflitersaday,61_______(remove)bacteriaandsomethingunwanted.Therecycledwatercannotbedrunk62________canbeusedtowashcars,watertreesandfightfires,etc.This63_________(mean)thereisareduceddemandondrinkingwatersupplies.Newtechnologyis64_________(constant)improvingrecyclingtechniquesinEurope,AmericaandJapan,butcountrieswithsmallpopulationsmayfindthatthesenewtechniquesaresoexpensivethattheycannot65________(use)intheimmediatefuture.第四部分寫作(共兩節,滿分40分)第一節(滿分15分)假定你是李華,你校英語社團將組織20名學生去倫敦參加為期一周的中英文化交流活動。請你寫一封信申請參加,內容包括：1.寫信目的；2.個人優勢；3.希望獲準。注意：寫作詞數應為80左右。DearSir/Madam,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二節(滿分25分)閱讀下面材料,根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段,使之構成一篇完整的短文。Isatatthebreakfasttablewithmyfour-year-oldson,Matthew,tryingtoignoretheacheinmystomach.“Mama,wanttoplay?”“Nottoday,baby.”Ishookmyhead.ThesedaysIcouldbarelygetoutofbed.Iwasstillrecoveringfromanoperation.Ihopedforstrengthandhappiness,butthefutureseemedsohopeless.Suddenly,Matthewjumpedupfromhisspotonthekitchenfloor.“Bird!”heshouted,rushingtoourcourtyard.Sureenough,therewasawhitedoveseatedinarubbertree.Itsatthereforafewmoments,andthenflewaway.Strange,I'dneverseenoneinourneighborhoodbefore.WhenIdraggedmyselftothekitchenthenextmorning,thedovewasback.Thistimeitwaswithamatecarryingsticks.“LookMatthew,”Isaid,pointingtothetree.“They'regoingtomakeanest.”Thedovesflewinandoutofthecourtyardallweek,buildingontopoftherubbertree.Matthewcouldhardlycontainhisexcitement.Everymorning,he'drunintothekitchenandtakehisspotbytheslidingglassdoor,talkingtothebirdswhiletheyworked.Hishappinesswasinfluential.AsmuchasIwassad,Icouldn'thelpbutlookforwardtothedoves'visitstoo.Thenitallwentwrong.Thecourtyardwasasafeenoughspotforanest,buttherubbertree'sbroad,thinleaveswerefarfromstable.Onenight,astrongwindblew,throwingthedoves'nesttotheground.Iheardthetwigs(細枝)breakapart.Isurveyedthedamage.Nothinggoodeverlasted.Iwouldn'tblamethedovesiftheynevercameback.Buttheyreturned.Andtheypaidnoattentiontothepileofsticksthathadoncebeentheirnest.Theystartedagainfromthebeginning.Again,though,thewinddestroyedallheirhardwork.Thenextday,andthenext,theystartedagain,asifnothinghadhappened.注意：1.續寫詞數應為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。Paragraph1:IknewIhadtodosomething.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________