2024屆江蘇省南京市建鄴區三校聯合英語八年級第二學期期末達標檢測模擬試題滿分120分，時間90分鐘一、單項選擇（共10小題，滿分20分）1、Thanksforyourinvitation,butI’msosorryIcan’tgo.Ineedto________mybabyathome.A.takeaway B.takeoff C.takecareof D.takeoutof2、IthinkthepopularsingerZhouShenhasagood_________.A.sound B.birth C.noise D.voice3、—Bobwillnotcometothemeetingtoday.—Buthe________mehewouldcome.A.tells B.told C.hastold4、—Whowashesclothesforthelittlegirl?—Nobody.Justby________.A.himself B.herself C.themselves D.myself5、Thoughthetemperatureisupto________40℃,thetrafficpolicearestillworkingoutside.A.above B.under C.beside6、LastFriday,________ORBISworkergaveus________one-hourreportanditreallytouchedus.A.a,an B.an,a C.a,a D.an,an7、Ourmusicteacheris________Indianman.Hecanplay_______pianoverywell.A.a,the B.an,\ C.an,the D.a,\8、—Whatdidyoudolastweekend,Mike?—SomepeoplelosttheirhomesbecauseofthehurricaneinFlorida.MyclassmatesandIraisedmoneyforthem.A.accepted B.collected C.received9、—Hi,MissDing.Ihearyou________inAmericawhenyouwereveryyoung!—ButnowI’minNanjing.AndI’m________Chinesefoodnow.A.usedtoliving;usedtoeatB.usedtolive;usedtoeatingC.areusedtoliving;usedtoeating10、Shanghaiisoneof________inChina.A.bigcity B.biggercity C.thebiggestcity D.thebiggestcities二、完成句子（共5小題，滿分10分）11、微笑著和我們打招呼____________________12、MrSmithlivesin________/'sentr?l/Weihainow.13、人們采取更多的措施保護地球是非常有必要的。_________________________14、Theboyalwaysh________himselfbehindhismotherbecausehewastooshy.15、he,atthattime,was,cooking___________________________________?三、補全對話（10分）16、根據下面的對話情景，在每個空白處填上一個適當的句子，使對話的意思連貫、完整。A:Goodevening,sir!____________1____________.B:Thanks.Ibookedatableyesterday.A:____________2____________?B:Yes,JackSmith.A:OK,Mr.Smith.Thisway,please.Hereisyourtable.(Threeminuteslater)A:____________3____________?B:Sure.I’dlikesteak,vegetablesoupandorangejuice.A:OK.Thanksforyourorder.Pleasewaitforawhile.(Onehourlater)B:Yourfoodisnice.____________4____________?A:Yes,ofcourse.It’s120yuanintotal.B:Hereyouare,200yuan.A:Thankyou,sir.____________5____________.Thanksforcoming.Goodbye!B:Bye!四、閱讀理解（40分）17、ThenextdayIlookedforapenandsomepaperamongmythings.Imadetwolists:oneofallthebadthingsaboutmysituation,andtheotherofallthegoodthings.BADIamalone.Thereisnobodyheretotalktoortohelpme.Ihavenowarmclothes.Idon’thavemuchprotectionagainstwildanimals.GOODIsurvivetheterriblestorm.Iamalive.It’shothere,soIdon’tneedwarmclothes.Therearen’tanywildanimalshere.IcanlivewellbecauseIwasabletosavealotofusefulthingsfromtheship.Sometimesitrainedallday,soIhadtostayinside.ItwashardtoreadorwritebecausethehousewasdarkandIdidn’thavecandles.ThenIrememberedinAfricapeoplemadelampsusingthefatofanimals.Ididthesame.Theydidn’tgivemuchlight,buttheywerebetterthannothing.IlookedatmylistsandIthought,“Theselistsshowsomethingimportant.Wecanalwaysfindsomethinggoodinabadsituationifwelookforit.Imuststopfeelingsadandsorryformyself.Mynewlifeishere,onthisisland.ImustmakeitascomfortableasIcan.”Istartedbymakingmyhousestronger.Ibuiltthickwallsandputbranchesontherooftokeepouttherain.IputupsomeshelvesandIputmythingsonthem.Imadesomefurniture—twotablesandachair.Theyweren’tverybeautifulbuttheywereveryuseful.Imadeasmallcaveatthebackofmyhouse.Itwascoolandagoodplacetokeepfood.Icalleditmy“kitchen”.TimepassedquicklybecauseIwasalwaysbusy.InthemorningsIwentforawalkinthewoodsandhillswithmydog.Icaughtbirdsandsmallanimalsforfood.WhenIcameback,Iworkeduntilabout11o’clock.ThenIpreparedsomethingtoeat.Irestedbetweenmiddayand2o’clockbecauseitwasveryhot.IntheeveningsIdidsomemoreworkorItookoutmypenandwroteaboutmylifeontheisland.At7o’clock,Iwenttobedasitgotdarkearlyontheisland.1.Wheredidthestorytakeplace?A.Onanisland. B.Inasmallcave.C.Atthebackofahouse. D.Ontheshelves.2.Whichofthefollowingisabadthingto“me”?A.Isurvivetheterriblestorm. B.Idon’tneedanywarmclothes.C.Therearen’twildanimalshere. D.Noonecomesandhelpsme.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“roof”mean?A.Thetopofahouse. B.Apieceoffurniture.C.Ashelftoputthingson. D.Theplacetokeepfood.4.WhichofthefollowingisTrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Imadesomebeautifulandusefulfurniture.B.Imadeacavetokeepmyselffromtherain.C.Iwentforawalkinthewoodsinthemornings.D.Ididn’tworkintheeveningbecauseitwasdark.5.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Wecanstartanewlifeinanewplace.B.Lifeishopelesswhenweareleftalone.C.Nobodycansurvivewithoutothers’help.D.Onecantrytofindsomethinggoodinabadsituation.18、閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有一項為多余選項。Afterwork,yougobackhome,openanapp,placeyourorderandwaitforyourfoodtobedelivered(投遞)toyourhome.ThisishowmanyyoungpeopleeatinChinathesedays.ThereisthelatestreportfromtheChinaInternetNetworkInformationCenter.____1____That’sjusthalfofthetotalnumberofInternetusersinChina.Whichgroupofpeopleisorderingfoodonlinethemost?____2____ArecentreportbyMeituan(美團),afooddeliveryservice,showedthat86.3%oftheservice’susersarebetween5and34yearsold.Thesepeoplearethemainforcedrivingthedevelopmentofthefooddeliveryindustry(產業).Smallfamiliesdependlargelyonfooddeliveryservices.____3____In502,only7.7%offamilieshaveonlyoneperson.Butthisnumberincreasedto15.6%in52.Two-personfamiliesrosefrom3.4%in502to27.2%in52.Forsmallfamilies,cookingalwaystakesalotoftimeandenergy.____4____TheimprovementofChina’sfooddeliveryserviceshasalsomademorecustomersinterested.AccordingtoMeituan’sreport,theaverage(平均的)timeittakestomakeafooddeliverydroppedfrom38minutesin51to29minutesin55.____5____Deliveringproducts,likefruit,vegetables,medicineandevenflowers,isalsotheserviceoftheseapps.Astheirservicescontinuetoimprove,it’scertainthatthefooddeliveryindustrywillkeepgrowinginthefuture.A.Forsure,itismainlyyoungpeople.B.So,orderingfoodonlinehasbecomemorepopular.C.Manydeliveryappsarealsoofferingmoreservices.D.Youcanneverimaginehowmanypeopleareusingtheseapps.E.421millionChinesepeopleuseonlinefooddeliveryservices.F.Chinesefamilieshavechangedinsizeoverthepastfifteenyears.19、Ifyoutellothersyouhavebeentoafairy(夢幻般的)place,howdotheyfeel?Usually,theymightsay,“Whatanimaginationyouhave!”That’swhathappenedtoMarcoPolo.MarcoPololivedinItaly.Inhistime,veryfewpeopletraveled.ButMarcoPolo’sfathertraveledtoothercountries.MarcoPolowentwithhisfather.TheywentfartotheEast.MarcometKublaKhan(忽必烈).KublaKhanaskedMarcotoworkforhim.MarcothenbecamehishelperandtraveledalloverChina.Aftermanyyears,MarcoPolocamebacktoItaly.HewroteabookaboutChina.Ittoldallofthestrangeandwonderfulthings.Butveryfewpeoplebelievedhim.NooneelsehadbeentoChina.TheyhadnoideawhereChinawas.Almosteveryonethoughthe’dmadeitallup.Manyyearslater,otherEuropeanscametoChina.ThentheyfoundthatMarcowasright.ChristopherColumbusreadMarcoPolo’sbook,andhebelievedit.Hetriedtosailtothatpartoftheworld.Youknowwhathappened.HefoundAmericaafterhislongtripbyship.1.WhatdidMarcoPolodoinChina?A.HetraveledalloverChina.B.HeworkedinEasternChina.C.HewroteabookaboutChina.D.HebecameafarmerinChina.2.WhatdidMarcoPolowriteinhisbook?A.HistriptoChina.B.HowhefoundAmerica.C.China’swonderfulthings.D.WhyhetraveledtoChina.3.WhatdidpeoplethinkofMarcoPolo’sbookatfirst?A.Interesting. B.Useful. C.Unbelievable. D.Wonderful.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sail”mean?A.Travelonfoot. B.Travelbyair. C.Travelbytrain. D.Travelbyship.5.Whatisthewriter’spurpose(目的)?A.TointroduceChina’shistory.B.TointroduceMarcoPolo’sstory.C.Toencouragepeopletobebrave.D.Toencouragepeopletotravelmore.20、Longago,therewasamonster(怪獸).ItsnamewasNian.Itwasbigandstrong.Itlookedlikealion.EveryChineseNewYear’sEve,Nianwouldgotoavillagebythesea.Itwouldeatitscrops,animals,andevenpeople.EveryonewasafraidofNian.So,theywouldrunandhideinthemountains.Oneyear,astrangercametothevillage.Akindoldwomangavehimsomethingtoeat.Then,shetoldhimaboutNian.Thestrangersaid,“Letmestayinyourhousethisevening.Icouldhelpyoufightagainstthemonster.”Soon,nightcame,andNianshowedup.Itwasgoingtotheoldwoman’shouse.However,themonstersawthreeredbanners(橫幅)aroundthedoorandtheystoppedit.Suddenly,therewereloudbangs(巨響)andfireseverywhere.Itwasthestrangerwholightedfirecrackers(鞭炮).Hewasinallred.ThatscaredNian,anditranaway.Thevillagerscopiedthestranger’sactionsyearafteryear,andNianneverreturned.Today,peoplecelebrateChineseNewYearthesameway.1.Whatdidthevillagersdowhenthemonstercame?A.Theyranintothemountains.B.Theygaveitsomethingtoeat.C.Theytriedtheirbesttocatchit.2.Whoputtheredbannersaroundthedoorfirst?A.Thewoman. B.Thestranger. C.Avillager.3.HowdidNianfeelaboutfirecrackers?A.Itfeltscared. B.Itfeltsurprised. C.Itfeltexcited.4.Whatisthepassageabout?A.Thestoryofagame. B.Thestoryofasport. C.Thestoryofafestival.五、完形填空（10分）21、March22ndisWorldWaterDay.Itstartedin993.Itnotonlymakesusthinkabouttheimportanceofwater,butalsocallson(號召)usto____1____andprotectwater.Todaywerefacingterriblewaterproblems.Amongthem,wastewaterproblemisvery____2____.AndthesubjectofWorldWaterDayin107is“wastewater”.Whatiswastewater?Itisused(二手的;用過的)water.Usually,wastewatercomesfromhomes,____3____,hospitalsandsoon.Itisproduced(生產,制造)bydifferentkindsofactivities,includingwashingthemachines,takingshowersandusingthekitchen.Therainalso____4____wastewaterwhenitisrunningdownthestreetduringastorm.Nomatterwhereitcomesfrom,thiskindofwaterissuretohave____5____harmful(有害的)init.___6___mustwetreat(處理)wastewater?Wastewaterhasabiginfluence(影響)onourlife.Itcausesbothillnessforusandpollutionfortheenvironment(環境).Wemustcareforourenvironmentandourown____7____.Howcanwetreatwastewater?Differentkindsofwastewaterneeddifferentwaysoftreatment.Ifwastewater___8___homescanbereused(重復使用).Thentherewillbe____9____wastewater.Also,factorywastewaterhastobecleaned____10____itgoesbacktonature.1.A.drink B.save C.carry D.watch2.A.easy B.popular C.small D.serious3.A.factories B.lakes C.rivers D.seas4.A.getsback B.handsin C.changesinto D.picksup5.A.nothing B.something C.nobody D.somebody6.A.What B.Who C.Why D.How7.A.work B.interest C.health D.business8.A.on B.for C.with D.from9.A.less B.more C.better D.worse10.A.and B.whether C.after D.before六、閱讀表達（10分）22、請閱讀下面短文，回答所提出的問題，把答案寫在答題卡指定位置上。Inmanypartsoftheworld,whenchildrenturnacertainagelike16or18,theywillhavecelebrations(慶典)fortheircomingofage(成年).Itisanimportanttime.InJapan,youngpeoplebecomeadultswhentheyturn20.ThecountrycelebratesitonthesecondMondayinJanuary.Thenewadultsdressupintraditionalclothesforit.Then,theygotoaspecialevent(公開活動).Afterallthat,thenewadultscanreallycelebrate.Theytakelotsofpicturesandgotopartieswiththeirfriendsandfamilies.FortheTeochewpeople(潮汕人)inChina,teenagersbecomeadultsat15.Familieshaveaspecialeventforthemontheseventhdayoftheseventhlunarmonth.It’scalledChuHuaYuan,anditmeans“leavingthegarden”.Beforetheevent,thenewadultshavetocleantheirbodieswithflowerwater.Thatwashesbadthingsaway.Then,theyputonnewclothesandspecialshoes,andtheygivethankstotheirparents.Lastly,thenewadultsenjoyabigmealwith12dishes.Forevenmoreluck,theybite(咬)theheadofacookedchicken.Nomatterwhatthetraditionis,itreallyhelpsthenewadultsgetreadyforthenextpartoftheirlives.Italsohelpsthemlearntobeindependent(獨立的).1.Whenwillchildrenhavecelebrationsfortheircomingofage?_______________________2.Howmanycountriesarementionedinthepassage?_______________________3.Whatdoes“ChuHuaYuan”meaninChina?_______________________4.Whydothenewadultsbitetheheadofacookedchicken?_______________________5.Whatdoesthetraditionhelpthenewadultslearn?_______________________七、書面表達（20分）生活中我們有很多東西值得與朋友分享，對自己有益的東西，往往也會對他人有益，比如好書，好歌，好電影；旅行，美食，習慣，學法等等。請你以“WhatI’dliketosharewithmyfriends”為題，根據要點和要求，用英語寫一篇短文。要點：1.你想要分享什么；2.簡單介紹你要分享的內容；3.你分享的原因是什么。要求：1.文中不要出現所在學校的校名和師生姓名；2.詞數100詞左右。WhatI’dliketosharewithmyfriends___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

參考答案一、單項選擇（共10小題，滿分20分）1、C【解析】【分析】【詳解】句意：謝謝你的邀請，但是很抱歉，我不能去。我需要在家照顧我的孩子。考查動詞短語。takeaway帶走，拿走；takeoff起飛，脫下；takecareof注意，照顧；takeoutof取出。根據“Ineedto...mybabyathome”可知要照顧孩子。故選C。2、D【解析】【詳解】句意：我認為流行歌手周深的嗓音很好。考查名詞辨析。sound聲音，泛指自然界的聲音；birth出生；noise噪音；voice嗓音。根據“thepopularsingerZhoushen”可知歌手有好的嗓音，故選D。3、B【解析】【詳解】句意：——鮑勃今天不來開會。——但是他告訴我他會來。考查時態。根據“He...mehewouldcome”可知“告訴”這個動作發生在過去，用一般過去時。故選B。4、B【解析】【詳解】句意：——誰給小女孩洗衣服？——沒有人。她自己洗。考查反身代詞辨析。himself他自己；herself她自己；themselves他（她/它）們自己；myself我自己。根據“thelittlegirl”可知，此空應填herself，故選B。5、A【解析】【詳解】句意：盡管溫度超過40度了，交警仍然在外面工作。考查介詞辨析。above在……上面，超過；under在……下面；beside在旁邊。根據“thetrafficpolicearestillworkingoutside.”可知，此處表示溫度都超過40度了，交警還在外面工作。故選A。6、B【解析】【詳解】句意：上周五，一位奧比斯的工作人員給我們做了一個小時的報告，讓我們非常感動。考查冠詞。a一個，修飾輔音音素開頭的單詞；an一個，修飾元音音素開頭的單詞。ORBISworker是元音音素開頭，因此用不定冠詞an修飾；one-hourreport是輔音音素開頭，因此用不定冠詞a修飾，故選B。7、C【解析】【詳解】句意：我們的音樂老師是一個印度人。他的鋼琴能彈得很好。考查冠詞。a泛指數量“一”，用于輔音音素前；an泛指數量“一”，用于元音音素前；the定冠詞，特指。根據“Ourmusicteacheris...Indianman”可知，第一空泛指“一個印度人”，且Indian是元音音素開頭，故用an；第二空彈奏西洋樂器“piano”前要加the。故選C。8、B【解析】【詳解】句意：——邁克，你上周末做了什么？——佛羅里達州的颶風使一些人失去了家園。我和同學們為他們籌集了資金。考查動詞辨析。accepted接受；collected收集；received接收。根據“MyclassmatesandIraisedmoneyforthem.”可知是籌集了資金，raised和collected意思相近。故選B。9、B【解析】【詳解】句意：——你好，丁女士！我聽說你很小的時候就住在美國！——但現在我在南京。而且我現在已經習慣吃中國菜了。考查usedto和beusedto的用法。usedto曾經，后接動詞原形；beusedto習慣于，后接動名詞。根據語境可知，第一個空表示“曾經住”在美國，應填usedtolive；第二個空前有am，應填usedtoeating，表示現在已經“習慣吃”中國菜了。故選B。10、D【解析】【詳解】句意：上海是中國最大的城市之一。考查形容詞最高級。根據“Shanghaiisoneof...inChina.”及結合選項可知，此處表示上海是中國最大的城市之一，可用“oneof+形容詞最高級+名詞復數”，表示“最……之一”，所以此空應是thebiggestcities。故選D。二、完成句子（共5小題，滿分10分）11、greetuswithasmile【解析】【詳解】greetsb“和某人打招呼”，us“我們”，賓格；withasmile“帶著微笑”。故填greetuswithasmile。12、central【解析】【詳解】句意：史密斯先生現在住在威海市中心。根據音標可知，此處是單詞central“中心的”。故填central。13、It’sverynecessaryforpeopletotakemoreactiontoprotecttheearth.【解析】【詳解】takeactiontodosth.“采取行動做某事”；itisadj.forsb.todosth.“做某事對某人來講是……”；protecttheearth“保護地球”。故填It’sverynecessaryforpeopletotakemoreactiontoprotecttheearth.14、(h)id【解析】【詳解】句意：因為太害羞，這個男孩總是躲在他媽媽的身后。根據“...himselfbehindhismotherbecausehewastooshy”及所給詞可知，此處表示“藏在母親身后”，時態為一般過去時，動詞hide“隱藏”的過去式為hid。故填(h)id。15、Washecookingatthattime【解析】【詳解】根據所給標點以及所給詞匯可知，本句是was引導的一般疑問句，was位于句首，時態為過去進行時；he作主語，cooking作謂語，atthattime作狀語。故填Washecookingatthattime“那時他正在做飯嗎”。三、補全對話（10分）16、1.Welcometoourrestaurant2.MayIhaveyournameplease3.MayItakeyourorder4.CanIhavethebill5.Hereisyourchange【解析】【導語】本文是JackSmith去餐館吃飯時的對話。【1題詳解】根據“Goodevening,sir!”以及“Thanks.”可知是餐館服務員歡迎顧客來他們餐館。故填Welcometoourrestaurant。【2題詳解】根據“Yes,JackSmith.”可知此處是詢問能不能告知自己的名字。故填MayIhaveyournameplease。【3題詳解】根據“Sure.I’dlikesteak,vegetablesoupandorangejuice”可知此處詢問對方可以點餐了嗎。故填MayItakeyourorder。【4題詳解】根據“Yes,ofcourse.It’s120yuanintotal.”可知此處詢問能不能結賬故填CanIhavethebill。【5題詳解】根據“Hereyouare,200yuan.”可知服務員要找給他零錢。故填Hereisyourchange。四、閱讀理解（40分）17、1.A2.D3.A4.C5.D【解析】【導語】本文短文選自《魯濱遜漂流記》，主要寫了主人公在一個荒島上的生活。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據最后一段“IntheeveningsIdidsomemoreworkorItookoutmypenandwroteaboutmylifeontheisland.At7o’clock,Iwenttobedasitgotdarkearlyontheisland.”（晚上，我又做了一些工作，或者拿出筆寫下我在島上的生活。7點，島上天黑得很早，我就上床睡覺了。）可知，故事發生在島上。故選A。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據表格中“Iamalone.Thereisnobodyheretotalktoortohelpme.”（我一個人。這里沒有人可以和我說話或幫助我。）可知，沒有人來幫助我，對“我”來說是壞事。故選D。【3題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據第四段“Istartedbymakingmyhousestronger.Ibuiltthickwallsandputbranchesontherooftokeepouttherain.”（我一開始就把房子蓋得更結實。我建了厚墻，在屋頂上放了樹枝來擋雨。）可知，“roof”是屋頂的意思。故選A。【4題詳解】細節理解題。根據最后一段“InthemorningsIwentforawalkinthewoodsandhillswithmydog.”（早上，我帶著我的狗在樹林和小山上散步。）可知，C項“早上我去樹林里散步”表述正確。故選C。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段“ThenextdayIlookedforapenandsomepaperamongmythings.Imadetwolists:oneofallthebadthingsaboutmysituation,andtheotherofallthegoodthings.”（第二天，我在我的東西里找了一支筆和一些紙。我列出了兩個清單：一個是關于我處境的所有壞事，另一個是所有好事。）結合全文內容，主要講述了作者一個人在荒島上的生活。我們從中可知，一個人可以嘗試在糟糕的情況下找到好的東西。故選D。18、1.E2.A3.F4.B5.C【解析】【導語】本文主要介紹了人們網上訂餐的相關情況。【1題詳解】根據下文“That’sjusthalfofthetotalnumberofInternetusersinChina.”可知，空處與數據有關，選項E“4.21億中國人使用在線食品配送服務。”符合語境。故選E。【2題詳解】根據“Whichgroupofpeopleisorderingfoodonlinethemost?”可知，空處是對此問題的回答，選項A“當然了，主要是年輕人。”符合語境。故選A。【3題詳解】根據下文“In502,only7.7%offamilieshaveonlyoneperson.Butthisnumberincreasedto15.6%in52”可知，講述的是小家庭的數量在逐年上升，選項F“在過去的十五年里，中國家庭的規模發生了變化。”符合語境。故選F。【4題詳解】根據“Forsmallfamilies,cookingalwaystakesalotoftimeandenergy.”可知，對于小家庭來說，做飯總是需要花費大量的時間和精力，由此可推斷，在網上訂購食物變得更為流行，選項B“因此，網上訂餐變得越來越受歡迎。”符合語境。故選B。【5題詳解】根據“Deliveringproducts,likefruit,vegetables,medicineandevenflowers,isalsotheserviceoftheseapps”可知應用程序提供了很多服務，選項C“許多快遞應用程序也在提供更多服務。”符合語境。故選C。19、1.A2.C3.C4.D5.B【解析】【導語】本文講了馬可·波羅的故事，他走遍中國并寫了一本關于中國的書，但其他人不知道中國在哪里，所以沒人想信他，后來有人來到中國并想信了馬可·波羅，哥倫布長途旅行后發現了美洲。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據“KublaKhanaskedMarcotoworkforhim.MarcothenbecamehishelperandtraveledalloverChina.”可知，馬可·波羅在中國時走遍了中國。故選A。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據“HewroteabookaboutChina.Ittoldallofthestrangeandwonderfulthings.”可知，他寫了一本關于中國的書，這本書講述了所有奇怪和美妙的事情。故選C。【3題詳解】細節理解題。根據“Butveryfewpeoplebelievedhim.NooneelsehadbeentoChina.TheyhadnoideawhereChinawas.Almosteveryonethoughthe’dmadeitallup.”可知，很少有人相信他，幾乎所有人都認為這一切都是他編造的。故選C。【4題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據“andhebelievedit.Hetriedtosailtothatpartoftheworld…HefoundAmericaafterhislongtripbyship.”可知，他試圖航行到世界的那個地方，他乘船長途旅行后發現了美洲。所以此處sail是指乘船旅行。故選D。【5題詳解】主旨大意題。本文講了馬可·波羅走遍中國并寫了一本關于中國的書，但其他人不知道中國在哪里，所以沒人想信他，后來有人來到中國并想信了馬可·波羅，哥倫布長途旅行后發現了美洲。所以主要講的是馬可·波羅的故事。故選B。20、1.A2.B3.A4.C【解析】【導語】本文主要講述了中國春節的來歷。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段“EveryonewasafraidofNian.So,theywouldrunandhideinthemountains.”可知，怪物來的時候，村民們都跑進了山里。故選A。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段“Thestrangersaid,…themonstersawthreeredbanners(橫幅)aroundthedoorandtheystoppedit.”可知是，陌生人先把紅色的條幅掛在門上。故選B。【3題詳解】細節理解題。根據第四段“Suddenly,therewereloudbangs(巨響)andfireseverywhere.…ThatscaredNian,anditranaway.”可知，年對鞭炮的感覺很害怕。故選A。【4題詳解】主旨大意題。本文主要講述了中國春節的來歷。由此可知，選項D“本文是關于一個節日的故事。”正確。故選C。五、完形填空（10分）21、1.B2.D3.A4.C5.B6.C7.C8.D9.A10.D【解析】【導語】本文首先介紹水問題的嚴重性，尤其是廢水問題，分析解決廢水問題的重要性，然后給出了幾點解決廢水問題的方法。【1題詳解】句意：它不僅讓我們思考水的重要性，也呼吁我們節約和保護水。drink飲；save節省；carry攜帶；watch觀看。根據“andprotectwater.”可知，這里是呼吁我們保護水，還有就是節約水源。故選B。【2題詳解】句意：其中，廢水問題十分嚴重。easy容易的；popular流行的；small小的；serious嚴重的。根據“wastewaterproblem”可知，水問題很嚴重，因此本句指廢水問題尤其嚴重。故選D。【3題詳解】句意：通常，廢水來自家庭、工廠、醫院等。factories工廠；lakes湖泊；rivers河流；seas海洋。根據“wastewatercomesfromhomes,…,hospitalsandsoon.”結合語境及常識可知，廢水的來源有家庭，醫院和工廠等。故選A。【4題詳解】句意：暴風雨期間，雨水在街道上流動時也會變成廢水。getsback取回；handsin交上；changesinto變成；picksup拾起、撿起。根據“wastewaterwhenitisrunningdownthestreetduringastorm.”及常識，可知雨水流過街道會變為廢水。故選C。【5題詳解】句意：不管它來自哪里，這種水肯定含有有害的物質。nothing沒有什么；something某物；nobody沒有人；somebody某人。根據“harmful(有害的)init.”不管它來自哪里，這種水肯定有有害的物質，可知此處選something符合題意。故選B。【6題詳解】句意：為什么我們必須處理廢水？What什么；Who誰；Why為什么；How如何。根據“Wastewaterhasabiginfluence(影響)onourlife.”可知，這里說的是原因，因此此處是問為什么我們必須處理廢水。故選C。【7題詳解】句意：我們必須關心我們的環境和我們自己的健康。work工作；interest興趣；health健康；business商業。根據“Itcausesbothillness”可知，是我們要關注自己的健康。故選C【8題詳解】句意：如果家庭廢水可以重復使用。on在……上面；for為了；with和；from從。根據“homescanbereused(重復使用).”可知，此處指的是來自家庭的廢水可以重復利用。故選D。【9題詳解】句意：這樣廢水就會減少。less更少；more更多；better更好；worse更糟糕的。結合上文“homescanbereused(重復使用).”來自家庭的廢水被再次利用，可知廢水會變得更少。故選A。【10題詳解】句意：此外，工廠廢水在回歸自然之前必須進行凈化。and和；whether是否；after在……之后；before在……之前。根據“factorywastewaterhastobec