計算機輔助設計和測斜分析系統COMPASSComputerizedPlanning&AnalysisSurveySystem簡介COMPASS是一套用于定向井設計和監控的軟件包。隨著它的升級，現在它的功能已經相當完備，包括鉆前的軌跡設計、水力參數估算、鉆具分析到現場的軌跡監控、跟蹤設計及完井報告等，是一套定向井方面的優秀軟件。功能模塊定向井數據庫定向井設計定向井測量防碰掃描完井報告相關功能圖例定向井數據庫建立及管理五級數據結構CompanyFieldSiteWellWellpathCompanySetupCompanySetupSurveyErrorModel(測量誤差模型)SystematicEllipse(系統橢圓誤差

)ConeofError(錐形誤差

)ISCWSA(TheIndustrySteeringCommitteeforWellboreSurveyAccuracy)(矢量誤差

)CompanySetupSurveyErrorModel(測量誤差模型)SystematicEllipse(系統橢圓誤差

)工業標準，1981年，SPE9223系統的內因和外因引起發生在同一個矢量方向上不考慮隨機誤差測斜閱讀誤差較小或者可以取消某些系數和加權數不適合MWD和速率陀螺六種誤差系數CompanySetupSurveyErrorModel(測量誤差模型)SystematicEllipse(系統橢圓誤差

)六種誤差系數MisalignmentError(偏心誤差)RelativeDepthError(相關深度誤差)TrueInclinationError(基本井斜誤差)CompassReferenceError(參考羅盤誤差)GyroscopeAzimuthError(陀螺參考方位誤差

)MagneticAzimuthError(磁方位誤差)CompanySetupSurveyErrorModel(測量誤差模型)ConeofError(錐形誤差

)基于現場數據和實驗數據的比較經驗化計算公式：前一個球體半徑+測量間距x

工具誤差系數/1000以(井眼誤差＋井眼半徑)開始CompanySetupSurveyErrorModel(測量誤差模型)ISCWSA(矢量誤差

)主要針對固態磁性儀器，例如MWD，ESS涉及系統誤差SPE56702CompanySetupSurveyErrorModel(測量誤差模型)InputErrors(輸入誤差)&OutputErrors(輸出誤差)1.00sigma:65%2.00sigma:95%CompanySetupCalculationDefaults(默認計算方法)SurveyCalculation(測量計算)AverageAngle(平均角法)BalanceTangential(平衡正切法)MinimumCurvature(最小曲率法)RadiusofCurvature(曲率半徑法)CompanySetupCalculationDefaultsVerticalSectionSlotSiteVerticalSectionSiteSlotCompanySetupCalculationDefaultsWalk/TurnMD變化率=狗腿基本長度x測量變化/深度變化HDL變化率=狗腿基本長度x測量變化xsin((L1+L2)/2)/深度變化L1是開始井斜，L2是結束井斜CompanySetupAnticollisionSettings(防碰設置)ScanMethod(包括四種掃描方法)(3D)ClosestApproach(三維逼近法)TravelingCylinder(法平面法)Horizontalplane(水平面法)TravelingCylinderNorth(HighSide+Azimuth)CompanySetupAnticollisionSettings(防碰設置)ScanMethod(3D)ClosestApproach(三維逼近法)CompanySetupAnticollisionSettings(防碰設置)ScanMethodTravelingCylinder(法平面法)CompanySetupAnticollisionSettings(防碰設置)ScanMethodHorizontalplane(水平面法)CompanySetupAnticollisionSettings(防碰設置)ScanMethodTravelingCylinderNorth(HighSide+Azimuth)HighSide+AzimuthErrorSurfaceCompanySetupAnticollisionSettings(防碰設置)ErrorSurface(誤差面)EllipticalConicCircularConicRectangularConicIncludeCasingsCompanySetupAnticollisionSettingsWarningLevelsorRulesErrorRatio(誤差比)DepthRatio(深度比)RiskBased(風險底線)CompanySetupAnticollisionSettingsWarningLevelsorRulesErrorRatioRatiofactor=(CentertoCenterdistance)/(R1+R2)如為1.00，指兩井誤差圓正好相碰.CompanySetupAnticollisionSettingsWarningLevelsorRulesDepthRatioDepthRatio=誤差半徑/井深MaxRadius最大半徑CompanySetupAnticollisionSettingsWarningLevelsorRulesRiskBased估計相碰的概率如為0.01，指100口井里有1口井相碰的概率FieldSetupFieldSetupGeographicReferenceSystemGeodeticSystem大地測量系統Geodeticdatum大地基準MapZoneFieldSetupGeographicReferenceSystemGeodeticSystem坐標系，投影模型常用系統FlatEarthUTM(UniversalTransverseMercator)墨卡托通用橫軸投影系統North(X),East(Y)LambertProjectionGPS(GlobalPositioningSystem)CGP(ChinaGaussProjection)中國高斯投影USStateplaneCo-ordinateSystem1983美國國家坐標系統1983FieldSetupGeographicReferenceSystemGeodeticDatum大地基準定義投影的中心和半徑常用系統WGS84(WorldGeodeticSystem1984)1984年世界大地測量系統Krasovsky19401940年克拉索夫斯基FieldSetupGeographicReferenceSystemGeodeticSystemUTM世界劃分為60個區，每經度6o為一區以赤道為0點，南北各84o最大特點是經線表象為平行直線適用于近赤道低，沿緯線延伸地區FieldSetupGeographicReferenceSystemGeodeticSystemUTMFieldSetupFieldSetupGeographicReferenceSystemGeodeticSystem高斯投影FieldSetupGeographicReferenceSystemGeodeticDatum大地基準WGS84協議地球坐標系FieldSetupGeomagneticModelIGRFInternationalGeomagneticReferenceField校正期：每5年WMMWorldMagneticModel校正期：每5年DGRFDefinitiveGeomagneticReferenceField校正期：每5年BGGMBritishGeologicSurveyGeomagneticModel校正期：每年FieldSetupLocalCoordinateSystemWellCentreSiteCentreFieldCentreUseGeodeticScaleFactor4m/10000mWellCentreSiteCentreFieldCentreVerticalDatumReferenceWellpathDatumSystemDatumWellReferencePoint相對比較固定的位置井口泥線VerticalDatumReferenceFieldSetupGeographicReferenceSystemGeodeticDatum大地基準WGS84基本參數長半軸a=6,378,137±2m

地球引力常數GM=3,986,005X108m3s-2±0.6X108m3s-2

正常化二階帶球諧系數C2.0

=-484.16685X10-6±1.3X10-9地球角速度ω=7,292,115X10-11rads-1±0.150010-11rads-1

參考橢球體對比Name平均曲率半徑扁率采用國家GRS19806,378,1376,356,752.31/298.257UTMWGS19726,378,1356,356,750.51/298.26NASAAustralian19656,378,1606,356,774.71/298.25AustraliaKrasovsky19406,378,2456,356,863.01/298.25USSRInternatl19246,378,3886,356,911.91/297保留HAYford19096,378,3886,356,911.91/297保留Clarkel18806,378,249.16,356,514.91/293.46Africa,FranceClarkel18666,378,206.46,356,583.81/294.98USA,PhilippinesAiry18496,377,563.46,356,256.91/299.32BritainBessel18416,377,397.26,356,079.01/299.13Europe,Chile,IndonesiaEverset18306,377,276.36,356,075.41/300.80India,Burma,Pakistan,Afghan,Thailand;etc.SiteSetupSiteSetupCentreLocationNoneLocalCoordinate無防碰功能MapNorthing&Easting網格坐標GeographicLatitude&LongitudeGPSLeaseLineLeaseLine SiteSetupElevationReferenceOffshoreWaterDepthOnshoreGroundLevelElevationSiteSetupAzimuthReferenceTrueNorth指向北極點的方向GridNorth投影網格圖的正北方向MagneticNorth磁北極SiteSetupAzimuthReference磁偏角MagneticDeclination真北(TrueNorth)和磁北(MagneticNorth)的夾角收斂角GridConvergence真北(TrueNorth)和網格北(DipNorth)的夾角磁傾角DipAngle磁力線與地表的夾角NorthReferenceGNvs.TNAzimuthReferenceWellSetupWellSetupPositionUncertainty推薦用基板時設為0與SiteUncertainty區別WellpathSetupWellpathSetupVerticalSection多靶點閉合位移練習建立一口井的數據庫資料來源客戶提供公司CreateTemplateCreateTemplateLayoutRectangleCircleSingleSlotRectangularTemplateNumberingRowColumnRectangularTemplatePatternPositionPositionoftopleftslotrelativetotemplatecentrePattenSpacingX-SpacingY-SpacingPatternRotationRectangularTemplateCircleTemplate練習TargetName&LocationTargetGeometry幾何形狀DrillingTargetConfidenceLevel擊中靶區的概率ConfidenceLevel練習PlanPlanPlan2DSlantSWell3DBuild/TurnDogleg/ToolfaceOtherModeHoldOptimumAlignLandingCalculatorSlantWellMeasureddepthofKOP造斜點深度Buildrate造斜率Maximuma