燒燭州煙遞市濤浙學校語法復習十三：代詞

It的用法

1.作人稱代詞

JohnlikesplayingPingpong./Healwaysdoesitintheafternoon.（指代上下文提到的事物）；

/It'stimewewenthome./Howfarisitfromheretoyourhome?/Itisgettingwarmerand

warmer./It'sveryquietatthemoment.（可指時間、天氣、環境等）

2.引導詞

A.作形式主語，代替由不定式、動名詞或者從句表示的真正主語。

It'simportantforustolearnasecondlanguage./Il'snousetalkingtohim./It'sknown

toallthattheearthgoesroundthesun.

B.作形式賓語，代替由不定式、動名詞或者從句表示的真正賓語。

Wefeelitourdutytohelpothers./Hemadeitclearthathewou1dleavethecity.

C.強調結構：Itis（was）+被強調部份+that（或者who）…

注意：在強調結構中，如被強調部份為時間狀語或者地點狀語，其后的連接詞也絕不能為when或者where,

而應用thato在復習中，一定要注意句式的不同。

ItwasinShanghaithatIboughttheguitar,（that引起強調句）

ItwasKh-nghniwhereIboughttheguitar,（where弓|起定從）

Itwastwelveo*clockwhenwearrivedthere,（when引起時間狀語從句）

Itwasattwelveo*clockthatwearrivedthere,（that引起強調句）

3.it,one,that的區別：作為代詞，這三個詞的對照使用是高考的熱點之一。

NMET2000,23.

----Whydon'twetakealittlebreak?----Didn,twejusthave?

A.itB.thatC.oneD.this

NMET200L25.

TheParkersboughtanewhousebut_________willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmove,in

A.theyB.itC.oneD.which

one用以指代同類事物中的任一，that特指性強，指代可數與不可數詞，而it指代上文提過的同一

事物。

不定代詞

不定代詞種類較多，用法各異，在使用中一定要注意區別。

1、both,either,neither都表兩者范圍，在句中作主語、賓語、定語，both可用作同位語。both

意為”兩者都〃，either表〃兩者中任一個〃，neither表"兩者都不"。

2、any,none,all表三者或者三者以上范圍，any表任何一個、一些（不可數或者復數概念，用于否定句、

疑問句或者條件從句中）；none表三者或者三者以上中的哪一個都不；表示不可數物中的一點兒也沒有；all

整

個的；所有的（三者或者三者以上）；所有的（不可數）。

e.g.Thisbookisagoodseller,soyoucanbuyitatanyshopinBeijing./Noneofusare/is

perfect./Al1ofthevi11agewasflooded.

3、noone,nobody,none,nothing：noone,nobody表沒有人，nothing指沒有什么事物，none兼指

人和物。none著眼于數量概念。〃特指的人或者物一個也沒有，一點兒也沒有〃。

----Howmanypeoplearethereinthehal1?----None.

----whowantstogowithhim?----Noone（Nobody）.

----Whatcanyouseeinthebottle?----Nothing.

----Isthereanywaterinit?----None.

4、another,theother,theother+復數名詞（或者theothers）,other（或者other+復數名詞）：

another

表三者或者三者以上范疇中的任一；與數詞連用，表”再有〃；theother表兩者中的此外那個，特指；the

other+

復數名詞（或者theothers）,此外那些，表示其余所有的人或者物，用于特指：others（或者other+復數

名詞）

另一些，表余下人或者物中的另一些，泛指。

—Idon'tIikethis,showmeanotherone.（NMET2000,16）

Ifyouwanttochangeforadoubleroomyou,11havetopay$15.

A.anotherB.otherC.moreD.Each（A）

人稱、物主、反身、指示代詞

高考重點要求

1.掌握人稱代詞、物主代詞、疑問代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞的基本用法。2.重點掌握不定代詞的

指代含義及數的情況，能通過語境準確選取答案。3.掌握it的基本用法。

一.人稱代詞

1）分清主格和賓格形式。

eg：—Iloveyoumorethanher,child./—Youmeanmorethan_loveherormorethan

sheloves____?A.you；meB.I；youC.you；youD.I；me

2）注意約定俗成的用法。

—Whoisit?—It,sme.—I'dliketohavearest?—Me,too.

3）使用we和you泛指普通人

4）使用she代表國家、船只、月亮、大地等

Chinaisagreatcountry.Shehasalonghistory.

5）并列主語或者賓語中順序是：you,he（she）andI；we,youandthey

二.物主代詞：名詞性物主代詞一一在句中做主語、賓語、表語、補足語，構成雙重所有格：afriend

ofmine。形容詞性物主代詞一一只能起定語作用。

三.反身代詞

1）在句中作賓語、表語和同位語；2）單復數的確定；3）在一些語境中的特殊含義。

e.g.rmnotquitemyselftoday.我今天不大舒暢。/Makeyourselfathome.不要拘禮；請隨

便吧。/Don'tgetnervous,helpyourselftowhatyoulike.別緊張，喜歡吃什么就吃什么。/Have

youenjoyedyourselftoday?你今天玩得愉快嗎？

四.指示代詞

（一）this,that,thesethose

1.在句子中作主語、賓語、表語和定語。

2.Ihis（lhese）普通指時間和空間上較近的人或者物，而that（those）常指時間和空間上較遠的人或者

物。

e.g.Thisisanovelandthatisamagazine.

3.this（these）普通指后面要講到的事物，而that（those）常指前面講到的事物。e.g.Whathetold

meisthis：hewantedtogotoBeijing./Hedidn*tcome.Thatiswhyhedidn'tknow.

4.that,those常用來指代前面提到過的某個名詞。e.g.Theoiloutputin1998washigherthan

thatof1995.（that代替oiloutput）/ThecarsmadeinJapanarebetterthanthoseinGerma,ny

（二）such

such引起倒裝句，謂語數取決于后面主語的數：e.gSuchismyanswer./Suchareourpeople.

做定語，注意和so的區別，特別是在so???that,such*??that句型中。e.g.Ihaveneverseensuch

beautifulflowers.（復數名詞前，so不可）/Ihaveneverseensuchagreatfilm.（也可為sogreat

afilm）/Wehavesuchbeautifulweathertodaythatweshouldgooutforanouting.（不可數

詞前，不可用so）/Therearesomanypeopleinthehallthatit'shardformetofindhim.（在

數量概念的many,much,little,few之前，不可用such）

練習（一）、代詞

一、強化訓練:

1.NewEnglish-ChineseDictionaryhasbeenrepublishedseveraltimes,moreuptodatethan

thelastedition.

A.anyB.everyoneC.eitherD.each

2.Afterpaying1,000dollars,you*11allbecomefullmembersofourclub.

A.eachB.allC.everyD.both

3.washercrueltythatweallhatedher.

A.ItB.WhatC.ThatD.Such

4.Maryhasbeenillinbedforaweek.Iwonderifsheis____betternow.

A.muchB.someC.anyD.very

5.-Whichofthesetwotieswillyoutake?-Idon'tlikethese.Doyouhaveany?

A.oneB.otherC.onesD.others

6.I*dratherrideabikeasbikeridinghasofthetroubleoftakingbuses.

A.muchB.allC.neitherD.none

7.Ineedsomeblueinktodaybutthereisathand.

A.notB.nothingC.alittleD.none

8.Ifoundtheverywatchofmine____Ihadleft_____.

A.where,itB.that,itC.which,oneD.where,one

9.Ihaven,tgottimetogetthetickets.Who*sgoingto___?

A.dosoB.doitC.buyitD.dothem

10.-JackcertainlyhasahighopinionofSusan.Itcan'tbebetterthanofhim.

A.hersB.sheC.thatD.her

11.-Shal1weintroduce___fire-fightingequipmentfromabroad?-Goahead,if

necessary.

A.otherB.afewmoreC.anotherD.someother

12.-Howaboutthepriceoftheserefrigerators?-Theyareequalinpriceto,ifnot

cheaperthan,attheotherstores.

A.othersB.itC.thatD.theones

-Idislikewhenotherslaughatmeinpublicorspeakillofmebehind.-SodoI.

A.themB.thoseC.itD.that

14.-Whichdoyouprefer,classicalmusicorpopmusic?Ipreferfolkmusic.

A.EitherB.BothC.NoneD.Neither

15.Whydon'tyoutrustanduseoldTom?Heisstillasstrongasintheteam.

A.nobodyB.anybodyelseC.everybodyD.somebodyelse

16.-Arethenewmethodstakinganyeffect?-Yes,articlesarestolenfromour

supermarket.

A.fewB.moreC.someD.none

17.Duringthemeetingayoungmancriedoutsuddenlyandthrewhisnotebookatthechairman,

broughttheroomtodisorder.

A.itB.andwhichC.andthatD.this

18.rvejustseennomorethanonecopyofGonewiththeWindinthebookshopopposite.Tom,

goandbuyback.

A.oneB.anyC.itD.some

19.-Doyouhaveathomenow?-No,westillhavetogetscoresofeggsandsome

vegetables.

A.nothingB.everythingC.anythingD.something

20.Nancyisexpectinganotherbabyandhopeswillbeaboy.

A.heB.thatC.itD.there

21.Surelyit*swiththebignoseyoumean,noti

A.he,IB.him,meC.him,ID.he,me

22.Thetemperaturecanfallto-30℃._is,30°Cbelowfreezingpoint.

A.WhichB.ItC.ThatD.This

23.-Theexamwaseasy,wasn*tit?-Yes,butIdon'tthinkcouldpassit.

A.somebodyB.everybodyC.anybodyD.nobody

24.Cuttheappleintohalvessothatthetwinsmayeachgethalf.

A.everyB.eachC.anotherD.either

25.ofuscandoeverything,butallofuscando

A.None,somethingB.Some,everythingC.Few,somethingD.Few,nothing

26.-MayIhelpyouwithsomegloves,sir?-Yes,I'dliketotrythoseblue___.

A.oneB.onesC.pairD.two

27.OfallmyfriendswillbeabletopersuadeTomtochangehismind.Heissofirmupon

it.

A.noneB.nobodyC.neitherD.noone

28.-Ishecontenttoacceptourofferedprice?

-Yes.Hecaresmoreaboutthequality.Moneyistohim.

A.everythingB.anythingC.nothingD.something

29.Ihavenoideawhichwasbetter,soItookofthem.

A.bothB.noneC.allD.any

30.Youmustn'talwaysdoasheasksyoutodo.Hemaybewrongsometimes.

A.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.everything

31.I*mnopainter,andtome,onepaintingismuchlike.

A.anotherB.theotherC.othersD.one

32.Ididn'twanteitherof___hatsandaskedthesalesmantoshowme.

A.those,anotherB.two,theotherC.all,theothersD.both,others

33.Thechildrenwerecatchingbutterfliesinthegarden.Somecaughtalot,andotherscaught

_atall.

A.nothingB.noneC.nooneD.neither

34.Thankyouverymuchindeed.That'sofyou.

A.kindestB.mostkindC.thekinderD.themostkind

35.Jackisaverylikablefellow,butFvelearnedtotakehesayswithagrainofsalt.

A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything

36.-Iloveyoumorethanher,child.-Youmeanmorethan___loveherormorethan

sheloves___?

A.you,meB.I,youC.you,youD.I,me

練習（二）、代詞

二、高考題選:

1.WasitduringtheSecondWorldWarhedied?(MET88)

A.thatB.whileC.inwhichD.then

2.Isnecessarytotakeoffourshoeswhenweenterthelab?(MET88H)

A.everyoneB.thisC.herD.it

3.Ispossibletoflytothemooninaspaceship?(MET88)

A.nowB.thatC.itD.man

4.HisParentswouldn,tlethimmarryanyonefamilywaspoor.(MET88)

A.ofwhomB.whomC.ofwhoseD.whose

5.leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelight.(MET88)

A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who

6.writerisbetterknowninChina,CharelesDickensorMarkTwain?(MET88)

A.WhichB.WhatC.EitherD.Whether

7.—HaveyouseenTomandMary?—Ihaven，tseenofthem.(MET88)

A.neitherB.anyC.eitherD.all

8.IsnecessarytocompletethedesignbeforeNationalDay?(MET89)

A.thisB.thatC.itI),he

9.Al1isneededisasupplyofoil.(MET89)

A.thethingB.thatC.whatD.which

10.Hiscameraismoreexpensivethan(MET89)

A.hersB.herC.itD.its

11.Idon*tthinkpossibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywor.k(MET90)

A.thisB.thatC.itsD.it

12.ofthemknewabouttheplanbecauseitwaskeptinasecret.(MET90)

A.EachB.AnyC.NooneD.None

13.Hepaidtheboy￥10forwashingtenwindows,mostofhadn，tbeencleanedforatleast

ayear.(MET90)

A.theseB.thoseC.thatD.which

14.Kateandhersisterwenttoholidaywithacousinof(MET90)

A.theirB.theirsC.herD.hers

15.IinvitedTomandAnntodinner,butofthemcame.(NMET91)

A.neitherB.bothC.eitherD.none

16.Sheheardaterriblenoise,broughtherheartintohermouth.(MET91)

A.itB.whichC.thisD.that

17.couldn*teatinarestaurantbecauseofushadmoneyonus.(MET91)

A.all;noB.any;noC.none;anyD.noone;any

18.Theseplantsarewatered(NMET91)

A.eachotherdayB.everyotherdayC.eachoftwodaysD.everyoftwodays

19.Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,cameasasurprise.(NMET91)

A.itB.thatC.whichD.he

20.Doesmatterifhecan*tfinishthejobontime?

A.thisB.thatC.heD.it

21.Mr.Zhanggavethetextbookstoallthepupilsexceptwhohadalreadytakenthem.(MET92)

A.theonesB.onesC.someD.theothers

22.There'resomanykindsoftape-recordersonsalethatIcan'tmakeupmymind___tobuy.(MET92)

A.whatB.whichC.howD.where

23.Althoughhe'swealthy,hespendsonclothes.(NME792)

A.littleB.fewC.alittleD.afew

24.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn'tasingleperson____shecouldturnforhelp.(MET92)

A.thatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom

25.hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.(MET93)

A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter

26.—Wouldyoulikesomewine?—Yes,just_____.(MET93)

A.littleB.verylittleC.alittleD.littlebit

27.Tom*smotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder,butdidn'thelp.(MET93)

A.heB.whichC.sheD.it

28.—Is__here?—No,BobandTimhaveaskedforleave.(MET93)

A.anybodyB.somebodyC.everybodyD.nobody

29.—IsyourcameralikeBill*sandAnn*s?—No,butit'salmostthesameas.(NMET94)

A.herB.yoursC.themD.their

30.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,wasmorethanwecouldexpect.(NMET94)

A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it

31.isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.(NMET95)

A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It

32.Theywereverytired,butofthemwouldstoptotakearest.(NMET95)

A.anyB.someC.noneD.neither

33.Ihopethereareenoughglassesforeachguesttohave.(NMET95)

A.itB.thoseC.themD.one

34.—Whensha11wemeetagain?-Makeit____dayyoulike;it'sallthesametome.(NMET96)

A.oneB.anyC.anotherD.some

35.Tomfeltthathekneweverybody*sbusinessbetterthantheyknewit____.(NMET96)

A.themselvesB.oneselfC.itselfD.himself

36.Iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butIdon，tagreewith.(NMET97)

A.everythingB.anythingC.somethingD.nothing

37.SarahhasreadlotsofstoriesbyAmericanwriters,Nowshewouldliketoread_stories

bywritersfrom_____countries.(NMET97)

A.some;anyB.other;someC.some;otherD.other;other

38.Itwasabout600yearsagothefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.(NNET97)

A.thatB.untilC.beforeD.when

39.Ihatewhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.(NMET98)

A.itB.thatC.theseD.them

40.Dr.BlackcomesfromeitherOxfordorCambridge.Ican'tremember.(NMET98)

A.whereB.thereC.whichD.hat

41.Whydoyouwantanewjob____you'vegotsuchagoodonealready?(NMET98)

A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when

42.ItwasonlywhenIrereadhispoemsrecentlyIbegantoappreciatetheirbeauty.(NMET98)

A.untilB.thatC.thenD.so

43.Fewpleasurescanequalofacooldrinkonahotday.(NMET99)

A.someB.anyC.thatD.those

44.Ifyouwanttochangeforadouble-roomyou*11havetopay$15.(NMET2000)

A.anotherB.otherC.moreD.each

45.----Whydon'twetakealittlebreak?----Didn'twejusthave.?(NMET2000)

A.itB.thatC.oneD.this

46.Itistheabilitytodothejob____mattersnotwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare.(NMET2000)

A.oneB.thatC.whatD.it

47.Ifthisdictionaryisnotyours,canitbe?(NMET2001)

A.whatelseB.whoelseC.whichelse'sD.whoelse's

48.Manypeoplehavehelpedwithcannedfood,however,thefoodbankneedsforthepoor.(2001

春招）

A.moreB.muchC.manyD.most

49.TheParkersboughtanewhousebutwillneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.(NMET2001)

A.theyB.itC.oneD.which

50.—Hewasnearlydrownedonce.(2002春招)

—Whenwas?

wasin1998whenhewasinmiddleschool.

A.that;itB.this;thisC.this;itI),that;this

語法復習十四：代詞

一、強化訓練:

1.D2.A3.D4.C5.D6.D7.D8.A9.B10.A11.D12.D13.C14.D15.B16.A17.C18.

C19.B20.C21.B22.C23.B24.D25.A26.B27.A28.C29.A30.D31.A32.A33.B34.

B35.D36.A

二、高考題選：

1.A這是一個強調句式的普通疑問句。

2.Dit是形式主語，to不定式是真正主語。

3.C參看2題。

4.Dfamily與先行詞anyone之間是所屬關系。

5.C在主語從句中，whoever充當主語，指代人，相當于anyonewho。而C項who也可引導名詞性從

句，但它具體指〃是誰〃。

6.A特殊疑問句中的選擇，用whicho

7.C前一句只提到兩個人。neither,either,both僅用于表述兩者的情況，而any,all表述多者

的情況，且Ihaven,tseeneitherofthem相當于Ihaveseenneitherofihem。

8.C可參看2、3題。

9.Ball是先行詞，that引導定語從句，且allthat=what。

10.AHiscamera是句子的主語，也是信息詞，應填名詞性的物主代詞hers,它相當于hercamerao

11.Dit是形式賓語，tomaster…是真正賓語。此句還可說成Idon'tthinkitispossibleto…。

可參看2、3、8題。

12.DA、B項不符合句意0C項noone后不接of短語。

13.Dwhich是定語從句中的關系代詞，指代上文的windows。A、B、C項不能引導定語從句，且填進

去后，兩個分句缺少連詞。

14.B可參看10題。

15.A前文提到邀請兩個人，兩個人都沒來，故用neither參看7題。

16.Bwhich引導非限定性定語從句。which指代前面一句話。如果兩個分句是由and連接，則A、C、

D項也對。

17.CA項中的all放在否定句中，是部份否定，與上文wecouldn'teatinarestaurant矛盾，B

項不符語法，n項noone后不接of短語，且只指代人。

18.Beveryotherday每隔一天，是習慣用法。

19.Cwhich在非限定性定語從句中指代前面一句話。可參看16題。

20.D考生非常熟悉Itdoesntmatter這一句型，該題現在是普通疑問句，it是matter的主語，

if引導條件狀語從句。

21.AC>D項不能做定語從句的先行詞來指代上文的thepupils,只能用theones,因為它被限定

性定語從句所修飾，表特指。該句的意思是：〃張先生把教科書分給了所有的學生，那些已經拿走了的學生

除外。〃

22.B原題中的somanykindsoftape-recorders暗示考生要買的是錄音機，故排除A項。因為有

這么多種類，因此不能決定買哪個。C、D項是連接副詞，不能做buy的賓語。

23.AB、D項應排除，它們指代可數名詞的復數。全句意為：〃雖然他很富有，但很少花錢買衣服。〃

故C項不符句意。

24.Dturnatsb.forhelp是慣用法，在定語從句中把to提前與whom構成介詞十關系代詞。

25.A主語從句中缺少賓語，故what充當。

26.C原題中的答語Yes暗示考生應選表示肯定意義的alittle.A、B項表示否定意義。

27.Dit指代前面一句話。因有but,故先后為并列句，不用關系代詞(which)只用代詞it。

28.CIseverybodyhere?"都到齊了嗎〃,Isanybodyhere?〃這里有人嗎?”B項somebody可用在表

示征求對方意見，并希翼得到對方肯定回答的問句里。D項不符原題句意。

29.B參看10、14題。

30.B參看16、19題。

31.Dit是形式主語，that從句是真正主語。如果fact前有the修飾，就可選B或者C項，that引

導

同位語從句。

32.Cbut是關鍵詞，表轉折，該句意為"他們非常