2024屆高三開年摸底聯考全國卷英語試題注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。考試時間為120分鐘，滿分150分第一部分聽力(共兩節，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)請聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdidthemanhaveforlunchtoday?A.Chicken.B.Beef.C.Fish.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Runningabookshop.B.Buyingabook.C.UsingtheInternet.3.Wherearethespeakersnow?A.Atanairport.B.Inarailwaystation.C.Onaflight.4.Whowillposttheletterprobably?A.Mary.B.Tom.C.Jack.5.Whatwillthemandotomorrow?A.Shopforclothes.B.Takeatrip.C.Attendafestival.第二節(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)請聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。請聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthemainindustryinthewoman’shometownnow?A.Fishing.B.Sheepfarming.C.Potatogrowing.7.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’shometown?A.It’srecommendedfortravelling.B.It’saplacewithpleasantweather.C.It’snotagoodplacetomakealiving.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.Howmanyfriendsdoesthemanwanttoinvitetotheparty?A.25.B.14.C.13.9.WhatdoweknowaboutMatt?A.Hesuggeststheideaoftheparty.B.Hewillhelpwiththeman’sparty.C.Hehadabigbirthdaypartylastyear.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhatwilltouristsdoinKentontomorrow?A.Visitamarket.B.Exploreacastle.C.Touramuseum.11.Wherewillthetourstarttomorrow?A.InGoughStreet.B.InSaxonStreet.C.InParkStreet.12.Howmuchwillthewomanpayforherticket?A.￡15.B.￡17.C.￡19.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Howdoesthewomandealwithheroldclothes?A.Bythrowingthemaswaste.B.Bydonatingthemtoacharity.C.Byputtingthemintotherecyclingbox.14.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Helikestobuybigfurniture.B.Heoftenbuyssecond-handfurniture.C.Hissofahasbeenchangedthreetimes.15.WhydidthewomanbuyanewTV?A.Thepreviousonewasoutofdate.B.Thepreviousonewasdamagedbythelightening.C.Thepreviousonewasdestroyedbyherchildren.16.Howdoesthemansoundintheend?A.Surprised.B.Annoyed.C.Satisfied.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhoisValkyrienamedafter?A.Afemaleastronaut.B.Amoviecharacter.C.Afigurefromamythology.18.Whatwillastronautsdoifhuman-likerobotsareusedinspace?A.Cleansolarpanels.B.Focusonexploration.C.Checkequipmentoutsidethespacecraft.19.WhatisApptronik?A.Aroboticscompany.B.Ahuman-likerobot.C.Aspacecenter.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.NASAisdevelopingsoftwareforValkyrie.B.NASAaimstoputrobotsinspace.C.NASAreleasesanewresearchreport.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節，滿分40分)第一節(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ASummerBadmintonCampOurannualbadmintoncampsarebackthisJuneholidays!Comeandjoinusforsomefunandaction!AllcampswillbeheldattheChestnutSportsHall.Thereareatotalof4fun-filledcampslinedupforthisamazingholiday.Theaimistoallowthemtounderstandandlifttheirgametothenextlevelorjustforrecreation,atthesametimeaddingfunelementsintrainingtobuildastronginterestinthesport.CampsAvailableBeginner:Forthosewhowanttolearnbasicbadmintonskills.Date:12to14June2024Time:9a.m.to12p.m.Fees:$80Ages:5-8yearsoldonlyIntermediate:Forthosewhoknowthebasicsofplayingbadmintonandwanttoimprovetheirskillsfurther.Date:15to17June2024Time:9a.m.to12p.m.Fees:$100Ages:7-12yearsoldonlyAdvanced:Forthosewhowanttotakeupbadmintonasacompetitivesport.Date:19to21June2024Time:9a.m.to1p.m.Fees:$150Ages:11-12yearsoldonlyRecreation:Forthosewhowanttomakenewfriendswhilestayingactive.Date:12to14June2024Time:3p.m.to7p.m.Fees:$60Ages:13-16yearsoldonlyCampHighlightGuestSpeakerBadmintonworldchampion,AdrianGoh,willaddresstheparticipantsatthestartofeachcamp.Hewillshareinvaluabletipsandhisexperienceofplayingbadmintoncompetitively.SpecialCampPresentAllparticipantswillreceiveoursummerbadmintoncampsweaterandwaterbottle.EarlyBirdSpecialFirst20participantstoregisterwillbegivenapairofYinexbadmintonbats.Formoreinformation,callMr.Tanat67892111orvisitourwebsiteatwww.sbssummercamps.com1.Whichshouldyousignupforifyouwanttobecomeanationalbadmintonplayer?A.Thebeginnercamp. B.Theadvancedcamp.C.Theintermediatecamp. D.Therecreationcamp.2.WhoisAdrianGoh?A.Asummerbadmintoncamper. B.Thebadmintoncamporganizer.C.Abadmintonworldchampion. D.Asponsorforthesummercamp.3.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Togiveawayfreebadmintonbats.B.Topromotethespecialcampbottles.C.ToinvitepeopletoattendMr.Goh’stalk.D.Toencouragepeopletosignupforthecamps.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【導語】本文為一篇應用文。介紹了四個充滿樂趣的羽毛球營地，并提供了羽毛球夏令營的相關信息。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章“Advanced:Forthosewhowanttotakeupbadmintonasacompetitivesport.(高級：適合那些想把羽毛球作為競技運動的人)”可知，如果你想成為一名國家羽毛球運動員，可以參加“高級營地”。故選B項。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據GuestSpeaker部分“Badmintonworldchampion,AdrianGoh,willaddresstheparticipantsatthestartofeachcamp.(羽毛球世界冠軍AdrianGoh將在每個訓練營開始時向參加者致辭)”可知，AdrianGoh是羽毛球世界冠軍。故選C項。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第一段“OurannualbadmintoncampsarebackthisJuneholidays!Comeandjoinusforsomefunandaction!(今年六月假期，一年一度的羽毛球夏令營又回來了！快來和我們一起玩吧！)”及最后EarlyBirdSpecial部分“Formoreinformation,callMr.Tanat67892111orvisitourwebsiteatwww.sbssummercamps.com(欲了解更多信息，請致電67892111或訪問我們的網站www.sbssummercamps.com)”可知，本文是為了鼓勵人們報名參加夏令營活動。故選D項。BCatherineKrestynfurnished(布置家具)herhomemainlywithhardrubbish,suchasthechairs,doorsandlamps,whichhavebeencollectedfromthestreetwhereshelives.Andit’sawayoflifeshe’ssharingwithhercommunityinthehopeofmakingadifference.Catherineleadsa6,000-strongonlinegroupcalledBoroondaraHardRubbishRehome,wheremembersuploadpicturesoftheirhardrubbishpilesforeagerlocalstofind.Shestartedthegroupin2022withherchildhoodfriendJennieIrving,hopingtobuildacommunityofthrift(節儉)wheretheylived.Thepairhavestoppedmorethan7,000kgofhardrubbishgoingtolandfillsincetheyfoundedthegroup.Someitemsarereadyastheyare,likechairsandlamps,andotherstakeabitofefforttocleanup,liketheold,woodendoors.LocalteacherRuthPolgardiscoveredthegroupwhilesurfingtheInternetandhassincedecoratedherclassroomwithsecond-handitems,includingartworkshehasrehomedfromaneighbour.“Weregularlytakeunneededitemsfromthegroupandusethemforourschoolprojects,”shesays.RunningthegroupcanbereallychallengingforCatherine.Butshedoesn’tresentthosewhohavetoletgooftheirpossessionsbecauseofstressfulcircumstances.“Ifyou’redownsizingorifyou’reclearinganoldhouse,quiteoftenyou’redesperateforaccesstoeasyoptions,”shesays.“Hardrubbishpilesareoftenthatoption.”AllCatherinewantstodoisgivehercommunityawaytoreducetheirwaste,andtosendamessagetothoseinchargethatthingsneedtourgentlychange.“Thegovernmenthasbigtargetsaroundsustainabledevelopmentleadinginto2030.Wewanttostartspeedingthatupevensooner,”shesays.“We’resufferingfromourownwastereally,soanythingthatwecanalldoonapracticallevelhelps.Weshouldfirstmakelifestylechoicesandbepreparedtogosecond-hand.”4.WhydidCatherinesetupBoroondaraHardRubbishRehome?A.Tocreateacommunityofthrift. B.Todonatehercollectiontocharity.C.Tocollecthardrubbishforlocals. D.Todecoratethehousesforthehomeless.5.WhatcanweinferaboutRuthPolgar?A.Shepreferssecond-handitems. B.ShebuysitemsontheInternet.C.ShesupportsCatherine’scause. D.Sheteachesartatalocalschool.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“resent”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Feelangryabout. B.Feelpleasedwith.C.Showsympathyfor. D.Showinterestin.7.WhatdoesCatherineadvocateinthelastparagraph?A.Settingourselvesabiggoal. B.Givingthrowawaysasecondlife.C.Meetingthegovernment’srequirements. D.Replacingoldfurnitureregularly.【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.B【解析】【導語】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了CatherineKrestyn領導著一個由6000人組成的名為Boroondara硬垃圾回收之家的網絡組織，成員們上傳他們的硬垃圾堆的照片，供熱心的當地人尋找進行廢物利用。【4題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第二段“Shestartedthegroupin2022withherchildhoodfriendJennieIrving,hopingtobuildacommunityofthrift(節儉)wheretheylived.Thepairhavestoppedmorethan7,000kgofhardrubbishgoingtolandfillsincetheyfoundedthegroup.(2022年，她和兒時的朋友珍妮·歐文(JennieIrving)創立了這個組織，希望在他們居住的地方建立一個節儉社區。自成立該組織以來，這對伙伴已經阻止了7000多公斤的硬垃圾進入垃圾填埋場)”可知，Catherine成立Boroondara硬垃圾回收之家是為了創建一個節儉的社區。故選A項。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第四段“LocalteacherRuthPolgardiscoveredthegroupwhilesurfingtheInternetandhassincedecoratedherclassroomwithsecond-handitems,includingartworkshehasrehomedfromaneighbour.“Weregularlytakeunneededitemsfromthegroupandusethemforourschoolprojects,”shesays.(地教師露絲·波爾加在上網時發現了這群人，然后用二手物品裝飾了她的教室，包括她從鄰居那里搬來的藝術品。她說:‘我們經常把不需要的東西從小組里拿出來，用在我們的學校項目上。’)”可推知，RuthPolgar從網上知道了這個小組后，就開始利用二手物品裝飾教室，可以看出她支持Catherine的事業。故選C項。【6題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據劃線詞前文“RunningthegroupcanbereallychallengingforCatherine.(管理這個小組對凱瑟琳來說真的很有挑戰性)”可知Catherine管理這個團隊很有挑戰，結合劃線詞所在句“Butshedoesn’t

resent

thosewhohavetoletgooftheirpossessionsbecauseofstressfulcircumstances.(但她并不resent那些因為壓力而不得不放棄財產的人。)”中的“but”以及后文““Ifyou’redownsizingorifyou’reclearinganoldhouse,quiteoftenyou’redesperateforaccesstoeasyoptions,”shesays.“Hardrubbishpilesareoftenthatoption.”(‘如果你正在縮小規模，或者正在清理舊房子，你通常會迫切希望有更便捷的選擇。’她說：‘硬垃圾堆通常是一個選擇。’)”可知，盡管管理自己的硬垃圾回收之家很有挑戰，但是Catherine理解那些因為壓力而不得不放棄財產扔掉物品的人們；“shedoesn’t

resent

thosewhohavetoletgooftheirpossessions”指的是“她并不對那些因為壓力而不得不放棄財產的人感到氣憤”，resent意為“感到氣憤”，與Feelangryabout意思一致。故選A項。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段“We’resufferingfromourownwastereally,soanythingthatwecanalldoonapracticallevelhelps.Weshouldfirstmakelifestylechoicesandbepreparedtogosecond-hand.(我們真的在因為自己的浪費而受苦，所以我們在實際層面上所能做的任何事情都會有所幫助。我們應該首先做出生活方式的選擇，并做好購買二手商品的準備)”可推知，Catherine在最后一段提倡回收利用物品，給予廢物第二次生命。故選B項。CScientistshavebeenexperimentingwithplayingsoundstoplantssinceatleastthe1960s,duringwhichtimetheyhavebeenexposedtoeverythingfromBeethoventoMichaelJackson.Overtheyears,evidencethatthissortofthingcanhaveaneffecthasbeengrowing.Onepaper,publishedin2018,claimedthatanAsianshrubknownasthetelegraphplantgrewsubstantiallylargerleaveswhenexposedto56daysofBuddhistmusic—butnotifitwasexposedtoWesternpopmusicorsilence.Another,publishedlastyear,foundthatmarigoldsandsageplantsexposedtothenoiseoftrafficfromabusymotorwaysufferedgrowthdifficulty.Plantshavebeenevolving(進化)alongsidetheinsectsthateatthemforhundredsofmillionsofyears.Withthatinmind,HeidiAppel,abotanistnowattheUniversityofHouston,andReginaldCocroft,abiologistattheUniversityofMissouri,wonderedifplantsmightbesensitivetothesoundsmadebytheanimalswithwhichtheymostofteninteract.Theyrecordedthevibrationsmadebycertainspeciesofcaterpillars(毛毛蟲)astheychewedonleaves.Thesevibrationsarenotpowerfulenoughtoproducesoundwavesintheair.Buttheyareabletotravelacrossleavesandbranches,andeventoneighbouringplantsiftheirleavestouch.Theythenexposedtobaccoplant—theplantbiologist’sversionofthelaboratorymouse—totherecordedvibrationswhilenocaterpillarswereactuallypresent.Later,theyputrealcaterpillarsontheplantstoseeifexposurehadledthemtoprepareforaninsectattack.Theresultswerestriking.Leavesthathadbeenexposedhadsignificantlyhigherlevelsofdefensivechemicals,makingthemmuchharderforthecaterpillarstoeat.Leavesthathadnotbeenexposedtovibrationsshowednosuchresponse.Othersortsofvibration—causedbythewind,forinstance,orotherinsectsthatdonoteatleaves—hadnoeffect.“Nowspeakerswiththerightaudiofilesaremoreoftenbeingusedtowarncropstoactwheninsectsaredetectedbutnotyetwidespread,”saysDr.Cocroft.“Unlikechemicalpesticides,soundwavesleavenodangerouschemicals.”8.Whatcanwelearnaboutplantsfromthefirstparagraph?A.TheymayenjoyWesternmusic. B.Theycan’tstandBuddhistmusic.C.Theycanreacttodifferentsounds. D.Theycanmakedifferentsounds.9.What’sthebasisforAppelandCocroft’sresearch?A.Plantscanmakeacryforhelp. B.Plantsevolvealongsideinsects.C.Plantsaresensitivetothesounds. D.Plantshavebeenstudiedforyears.10.WhatcanweinferaboutplantsfromParagraph3?A.Theycanrecongnizeharmfulvibrations. B.Theylooklikelaboratorymice.C.Theycanthreatenthecaterpillars. D.Theycanreleasepoisonouschemicals.11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Disadvantagesofchemicalpesticides. B.Applicationoftheexperimentalresults.CInteractionbetweenplantsandinsects. D.Warningsystemofwidespreadinsects.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了科學家們對植物對聲音的感知和反應一直在進行研究，近期的研究顯示植物可以對不同的聲音做出反應，識別出有害的振動，產生更高水平的防御性化學物質。基于該研究結果，科學家們認為聲波可以作為一種無污染的替代方法來保護農作物免受昆蟲的侵襲。【8題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段中“Onepaper,publishedin2018,claimedthatanAsianshrubknownasthetelegraphplantgrewsubstantiallylargerleaveswhenexposedto56daysofBuddhistmusic—butnotifitwasexposedtoWesternpopmusicorsilence.Another,publishedlastyear,foundthatmarigoldsandsageplantsexposedtothenoiseoftrafficfromabusymotorwaysufferedgrowthdifficulty.(2018年發表的一篇論文聲稱，一種被稱為舞草的亞洲灌木在暴露在56天的佛教音樂中時，葉子長得更大，但如果暴露于西方流行音樂或寂靜中，葉子就不會長大。去年發表的另一項研究發現，金盞花和鼠尾草暴露在繁忙的高速公路上的交通噪音中，生長困難)”可知，暴露在不同聲音環境中的植物生長情況不同，它們會對不同的聲音做出反應。故選C項。【9題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段中“Plantshavebeenevolving(進化)alongsidetheinsectsthateatthemforhundredsofmillionsofyears.Withthatinmind,HeidiAppel,abotanistnowattheUniversityofHouston,andReginaldCocroft,abiologistattheUniversityofMissouri,wonderedifplantsmightbesensitivetothesoundsmadebytheanimalswithwhichtheymostofteninteract.(幾億年來，植物一直與以它們為食的昆蟲一起進化。考慮到這一點，休斯敦大學的植物學家HeidiAppel和密蘇里大學的生物學家ReginaldCocroft想知道，植物是否可能對它們最常接觸的動物發出的聲音敏感)”可知，Appel和Cocroft的研究基礎是植物在和昆蟲一起進化。故選B項。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段中“Leavesthathadbeenexposedhadsignificantlyhigherlevelsofdefensivechemicals,makingthemmuchharderforthecaterpillarstoeat.Leavesthathadnotbeenexposedtovibrationsshowednosuchresponse.Othersortsofvibration—causedbythewind,forinstance,orotherinsectsthatdonoteatleaves—hadnoeffect.(暴露在外的葉子含有更高水平的防御性化學物質，這使得毛毛蟲更難吃到它們。沒有暴露在振動下的葉子沒有這種反應。其他種類的振動——例如，由風或其他不吃樹葉的昆蟲引起的振動——沒有影響)”可知，暴露在有害振動中的植物產生了更多防御性化學物質，沒有被暴露或暴露在其他類型的振動中的植物則沒有該反應。由此推知，植物能識別有害的振動。故選A項。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據最后一段““Nowspeakerswiththerightaudiofilesaremoreoftenbeingusedtowarncropstoactwheninsectsaredetectedbutnotyetwidespread,”saysDr.Cocroft.“Unlikechemicalpesticides,soundwavesleavenodangerouschemicals.”(Cocroft博士說：“現在，有正確音頻文件的揚聲器更常被用來警告作物，當發現昆蟲但尚未廣泛傳播時采取行動。與化學殺蟲劑不同，聲音不會留下危險的化學物質。”)”可知，本段主要介紹了該實驗結果的應用情況，可以利用正確的聲音提前警告作物，對剛開始傳播的昆蟲采取行動。故選B項。DAphysicalcheckupoftenbeginswithaseriesofquestions:Whatfoodsdoyoueat?Doyousmoke?Gettinganyexercise?Newresearchsuggestsanothertellingindicatorcouldbeaddedtothatlist:Whatwasyourcollegemajor?Thestudyfindsone’schosenfieldofcollegestudyisastatisticallysignificantpredictorofhealthinmidlife.Theresearchersfindthefourmajorsassociatedwiththebestmidlifehealtharearchitecture/engineering,biology/lifesciences,business,and—here’sasurprise—communications/journalism.Perhapschasingafterbigstorieskeepsusjournalistsinshape.Ithaslongbeenestablishedthatpeoplewithmoreeducationtendtobehealthier.Butdoesone’smajormatter?Tofindout,theresearchersanalyzeddatafromthenationallyrepresentativeAmericanCommunitySurvey.Theirsampleconsistedof3.7millionUnitedStates-bornadultsbetweentheagesof45and64—thetimeoflifewhenphysicalfunctioningproblemsstarttoappear.Participantsnotedwhethertheyhaddifficultywalkingorclimbingstairs,dressingorbathing.A“yes”answerinanyofthosecategoriesresultedinagradeofrelativelypoorhealth.Theresearchersfocusedonthe667,362participantswhoearnedabachelor’sdegree,butwentnofurtherintheireducation.Theynotedeachperson’scollegemajor,whichtheyplacedintooneof15categories.Theyfoundsubstantialdifferencesinhealthacrossmajors.Twomajorsareparticularlydisadvantagedinmidlife.Thechancesofpoorhealthare1.9timesgreateramongpsychology/socialworkandlaw/publicpolicymajorscomparedtobusinessmajors.Theresearchersarguethisislikelyduetoseveralfactors.Psychologymajorstendtosufferfromhighunemploymentandlowearnings.Law/publicpolicymajorsoftenenterthefieldoflawenforcement(執行).Theresearcherssaythattheyhavediscoveredassociations,notproofofcausality(因果關系).Buttheymakeaconvincingcasethatsomemajorsleadpeopletolivehealthierlifestylesthanothers.Theirfindingsmighteveninspireawarningcountrysong:Mammas,don’tletyourbabiesgrowuptobepsychologymajors.12.Whatcanbelearnedfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Smokingcanleadtopoorhealth. B.Dietismoreimportantthanexercise.C.Physicalcheckupskeepyouhealthy. D.Collegemajorchouldbeaddedtoacheckup.13.Howdoresearchersdrawtheirconclusions?A.Bydoingface-to-faceinterviews. B.Byfollowingparticipants’dailyroutines.C.Bydoingmedicalexaminations. D.Byanalyzingtherepresentativedata.14.Whichofthefollowingisagainstmidlifehealthaccordingtotheresearchers?A.Engineering. B.Business. C.Psychology. D.Agriculture.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Collegemajorscanpredictmidlifehealth.B.Moremajorsincollegecanimprovehealth.C.Theannualphysicalexamisnecessarytolife.D.Peoplewithmoreeducationtendtobehealthier.【答案】12.D13.D14.C15.A【解析】【導語】本文為一篇說明文，研究發現，一個人選擇的大學專業可以預測中年健康狀況。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第一段“Thestudyfindsone’schosenfieldofcollegestudyisastatisticallysignificantpredictorofhealthinmidlife.(研究發現，一個人選擇的大學學習領域在統計上是中年健康狀況的重要預測因素)”及第二段內容可推知，研究發現，由于大學專業可以預測中年健康狀況，體檢選項中應加入“大學專業”的選項。故選D項。【13題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第三段“Tofindout,theresearchersanalyzeddatafromthenationallyrepresentativeAmericanCommunitySurvey.(為了找到答案，研究人員分析了具有全國代表性的美國社區調查的數據)”可知，研究人員通過對代表性數據的分析得出結論。故選D項。【14題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章倒數第三段“Twomajorsareparticularlydisadvantagedinmidlife.Thechancesofpoorhealthare1.9timesgreateramongpsychology/socialworkandlaw/publicpolicymajorscomparedtobusinessmajors.(有兩個專業在中年尤為不利。心理/社會工作和法律/公共政策專業的學生健康狀況不佳的幾率是商科專業的1.9倍)”可知，根據研究人員的說法，心理學專業不利于中年健康。故選C項。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據文章第一段“Thestudyfindsone’schosenfieldofcollegestudyisastatisticallysignificantpredictorofhealthinmidlife.(研究發現，一個人選擇的大學學習領域在統計上是中年健康狀況的重要預測因素)”及全文內容可知，本文介紹了一個人選擇的大學專業能預測中年健康狀況，A選項“大學專業可以預測中年健康狀況”適合最為本文最佳標題。故選A項。第二節(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據短文內容，從短文中的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ThephilosophythatcanhelpyoukeepyourhomeorganizedHowcanwecleanupourspaceandkeepitthatway?That’saquestionthatStarHansenthinksalotabout.She’saprofessionalorganizerwhoteachesclassesonhomeorganizing.Shebelievesthatkeepingyourhomeneatandtidyisacontinualprocess.____16____.Herearehertidyingphilosophystrategiestocleanupyourmesses.UnderstandyourchaosHansensayseveryone’schaostellsapersonalstory.Whatbecomeschaosandwhereyourchaosbuildupcansayalotaboutwhat’sgoingonwithyou.Ifyouhaveunwantedpilesofstuffaroundyourhouse,askyourself:What’smakingithardtothrowthemaway?Forexample,auniformthathasn’tfitforyears.____17____.Whenyouunderstandthereasonsbehindyourchaos,it’saloteasiertoknowwhattokeepandwhattothrowaway.StartsmallWhenitcomestoorganizing,don’tbiteoffmorethanyoucanchew.Ifyoustartwithtoobigagoal,youmightgetdiscouragedifthejobtakestoolong.Sodon’ttrytocleanyourentiregarageinoneafternoon.____18____.Forexample,youcantidyyourcupboardfirstandsavemorecomplicateditems,likeyourgarage,forlast.Settingrealisticgoalscanhelpkeepyouinvestedintheprocess.____19____It’seasytobeorganizedthedayaftertidying.Butwhathappenswhenyoucomehomefromatripandaretootiredtounpackyourluggage?Orwhenyougetthefluandaretoosicktocleanup?Thekeytostayingorganizedistocreatepracticesthatcanbeeasilymaintained.Makeasystemthatworksforyouevenwhenyou’vegotacold.Forexample,labelstoragecontainersonallfoursidessothey’reeasiertospot.____20____.A.MakeiteasytostayorganizedB.AbandonthefancystorageboxesC.Instead,startwithsomethinglesschallengingD.MaybeitrevealsalongingforyourformerprofessionE.Thatattitudecanhelpyouletgoofthingsyoudon’tneedF.YouhavetotakethetimetocreatesystemsthatworkforyouG.Makesureyourmostuseditemsarealwaystheeasiesttoreach【答案】16.E17.D18.C19.A20.G【解析】【導語】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了可以幫助你保持家里井井有條的哲學策略。【16題詳解】前文“Shebelievesthatkeepingyourhomeneatandtidyisacontinualprocess.(她認為保持家里整潔是一個持續的過程)”及后文“Herearehertidyingphilosophystrategiestocleanupyourmesses.(下面是她整理雜物的哲學策略)”可知，E選項“這種態度可以幫助你放下你不需要的東西”表明前面引出的家庭整理的好處，且Thatattitude與前一句內容呼應。故選E項。【17題詳解】前文“Ifyouhaveunwantedpilesofstuffaroundyourhouse,askyourself:What’smakingithardtothrowthemaway?Forexample,auniformthathasn’tfitforyears.(如果你家里有一堆不想要的東西，問問自己：是什么讓你很難把它們扔掉？例如，一件好幾年都不合身的制服)”可知，要搞清楚為什么自己難以扔掉不需要的東西，D選項“也許它揭示了你對以前職業的渴望”為前一個例子的具體原因，it指代前文的uniform。故選D項。【18題詳解】前文“Ifyoustartwithtoobigagoal,youmightgetdiscouragedifthejobtakestoolong.Sodon’ttrytocleanyourentiregarageinoneafternoon.(如果你一開始就設定了一個太大的目標，你可能會因為工作耗時太長而灰心喪氣。所以，不要試圖在一個下午內清理你的整個車庫)”表明目標不應該太大，后文為具體的整理的步驟，C選項“相反，從一些不那么具有挑戰性的事情開始”與前文正好相反，且引出下文，表示從簡單的開始，將難的放在最后。故選C項。【19題詳解】后文“Thekeytostayingorganizedistocreatepracticesthatcanbeeasilymaintained.Makeasystemthatworksforyouevenwhenyou’vegotacold.(保持有條理的關鍵是創建易于維護的實踐。建立一個即使你感冒了也能正常工作的系統)”表明本段的主旨是應該使有條理更簡易，A選項“讓保持有條理更容易”適合作為本段標題。故選A項。【20題詳解】前文“Forexample,labelstoragecontainersonallfoursidessothey’reeasiertospot.(例如，在存儲容器的四面都貼上標簽，這樣更容易發現)”表明要讓整理得物品變得更容易發現和獲得，G選項“確保你最常用的物品總是最容易拿到的”與前文意思一致，符合語境。故選G項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節，滿分45分)第一節(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。InJan.2020,TeresaHernandezwas35weekspregnant.Onemorning,shehadastrange____21____—thebabywasn’tmovingasitusuallydid.Shedecidedtogotothehospitalto____22____everythingwasOK.Whenshegotthere,shelearnedthatthebaby’sheartratewas____23____.Thedoctorstoldherthatherbabyneededtobedelivered____24____byanoperation.Hearingthat,Hernandezwasincomplete____25____.Afterall,thebabywastoolittle.Butthedoctorssaidifthebabywas____26____,theywouldn’tbeabletohelpifsomethingwentwrong.Hernandezwas____27____totheoperatingroom.Ontheway,shesufferedfromgreat____28____.Shestartedtocryandhavetroublebreathing,andsheknewshewashavinga____29____attack.That’swhenanurseintheoperatingroom_____30_____tohelp.“Thisnurseshetookmyhandandstartedpressingwith_____31_____.Andthenshe_____32_____mewhiletheyweredoingtheoperation.Andthenshe_____33_____onehandonmycheek.Andshestartedhumming,”Hernandez_____34_____.“Ifeltlikemymomwasthere,holdingme.”_____35_____herhusband,Hernandezhadnofamilywithher.Butthenurse’sactofwarmthbroughther_____36_____.Itfeltlikehermom_____37_____herinthehospital.“Whenyourmomisthere,youfeel_____38_____.Youfeellikeyoucandoit.Youfeellikeeverythingisgoingtobe_____39_____.Andthat’swhatIfeltwithher,”Hernandezsaid.“I’mreally,really_____40_____forwhatshedidthatdayforme.”21.A.dream B.idea C.feeling D.decision22.A.promise B.ensure C.agree D.argue23.A.declining B.happening. C.appearing D.starting24.A.immediately B.gradually C.extremely D.formally25.A.comfort B.control C.excitement D.shock26.A.nearby B.inside C.outside D.around27.A.invited B.introduced C.rushed D.recommerded28.A.anxiety B.hesitation C.difficulty D.burden29.A.heart B.surprise C.pleasure D.panic30.A.steppeddown B.turnedout C.steppedin D.droppedby31.A.surprise B.sympathy C.dignity D.confusion32.A.admired B.called C.showed D.held33.A.placed B.grasped C.skipped D.covered34.A.concluded B.reported C.reminded D.recalled35.A.Dueto B.Insteadof C.Apartfrom D.Asfor36.A.pride B.relief C.duty D.concern37.A.expected B.remembered C.accompanied D.arranged38.A.protected B.affected C.educated D.respected39.A.exact B.right C.plain D.crazy40.A.desperate B.suitable C.ready D.grateful【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.A25.D26.B27.C28.A29.D30.C31.B32.D33.A34.D35.C36.B37.C38.A39.B40.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。講述了懷孕35周的TeresaHernandez因胎兒情況不理想，需要立即動手術分娩，她感到害怕憂慮，在手術室一位護士如母親般的幫助與呵護下，她度過了這段艱難的經歷。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一天早上，她有一種奇怪的感覺——孩子不像往常那樣動了。A.dream夢想；B.idea想法；C.feeling感覺；D.decision決定。根據上文“InJan.2020,TeresaHernandezwas35weekspregnant.”以及空后“thebabywasn’tmovingasitusuallydid”可知，懷孕35周的TeresaHernandez感覺到孩子不像往常那樣動了。故選C。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她決定去醫院以確保一切都好。A.promise承諾；B.ensure確保；C.agree同意；D.argue爭論。根據空前“thebabywasn’tmovingasitusuallydid”可知，Teresa感覺到孩子不像往常那樣動了，決定去醫院確保孩子一切都好。故選B。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當她到達那里時，她得知嬰兒的心率正在下降。A.declining減少，下降；B.happening發生；C.appearing出現；D.starting開始。根據上文“thebabywasn’tmovingasitusuallydid”以及下文“Thedoctorstoldherthatherbabyneededtobedelivered____4____byanoperation.”可知，胎兒心率正在下降，需要立即通過手術分娩。故選A。【24題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：醫生告訴她，她的孩子需要立即通過手術分娩。A.immediately立即；B.gradually逐漸地；C.extremely極其，非常；D.formally正式地。根據前文“thebaby’sheartratewas____3____”以及下文“Hernandezwas____7____totheoperatingroom.”可知，胎兒心率正在下降，情況危急，所以需要立即通過手術分娩。故選A。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：聽到這些，Hernandez完全震驚了。A.comfort舒服；B.control控制；C.excitement激動；D.shock震驚。根據上文“InJan.2020,TeresaHernandezwas35weekspregnant.”以及下文“Afterall,thebabywastoolittl