被動語態TomcatchesJerry.JerryiscaughtbyTom.一個內容兩種說法從動作發出者角度從動作承受者角度主動說法被動說法主動語態被動語態選擇哪一種呢？關鍵看強調的對象及運用角度TomcatchesJerry.動作的發出者主動語態動作動作的承受者JerryiscaughtbyTom動作的承受者被動語態動作動作的發出者被動語態的基本形式觀察下列被動語態的句子，圈出表示被動含義的謂語部分1.Thetreesareplantedbythevolunteers.2.Disneylandisenjoyedbymillionsofpeople

fromallovertheworld.基本形式：be+及物動詞（組）的過去分詞3.Chineseisspokenbypeopleallovertheworld.4.Thechildrenaretakengoodcareofbytheirgrandma.有些相當于及物動詞的短語詞組,如“動詞+介詞”,“動詞+副詞”等,也可用于被動語態,但要把它們看作一個整體,不能分開不及物動詞沒有被動語態,但不及物動詞+介詞/副詞可以構成及物動詞短語,變被動語態時介詞和副詞不要丟掉.

1.Johnturnedontheradio.Theradiowasturnedon.2.Grandma

takescareof

mysister.Mysister

istakencareof

by

Grandma.3.Wemustspeaktooldpeoplepolitely.Oldpeoplemustbespokentopolitely.短語動詞是整體，不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞！lookforlookaftertakecareofhandinlaughatspeaktobelookedforbelookedafterbetakencareofbehandedinbelaughedatbespokento

主動

被動短語動詞是整體，不要丟掉后面的介詞或副詞哦！Tom

catchesJerry

主動被動Jerry

iscaught

by

TomS

VO動作發出者動作動作承受者動作承受者動作動作發出者步驟：1：換

2：改3：加by（有時也會省略）

4：補（有狀語時）小試牛刀1.TheyplayfootballonSunday.2.Lucydoesthehomeworkinthemorning.3.They

playthecomputers

in

class.4.WemakethemachinesinBeijing.FootballispalyedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyinthemorning.Thecomputersareplayedbytheminclass.ThemachinesaremadebyusinBeijing.主語和賓語互換時，要注意“格”的變換，be的形式取決于變化前句中給定的時態以及更換后新主語的人稱及單復數情況被動語態的時態1.語態：主動語態主動語態關注做被做dobedone2.時態：動作發生的時間動詞形態關注不同時態下的被動語態結構1.Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.2.Thestudentsplantedthesetreeslastyear.3.Theywillfinishtheworkinthreehours.4.Wearepaintingtheroomnow.5.Wewerebuiltingtheroadthistimelastyear.Theclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.一般現在時：am/is/are+動詞過去分詞Thesetreeswereplantedbythestudentslastyear一般過去時：was/were+動詞過去分詞Theworkwillbefinishedbytheminthreehours.Theroomisbeingpaintedbyusnow.Theroadwasbeingbuiltbyusthistimelastyear.一般將來時：will+be+動詞過去分詞現在進行時：am/is/are+being+動詞過去分詞過去進行時：was/were+being+動詞過去分詞不同時態下的被動語態結構6.Shehasfinishedherhomework.

Herhomeworkhasbeenfinishedbyher.現在完成時：have/hasbeen+動詞過去分詞7.Youmustfinishyourhomeworktoday.Yourhomeworkmustbefinishedtodaytoday.情態動詞：情態動詞+be+動詞過去分詞不同時態下的被動語態結構主要依托于助動詞be來實現。被動語態什么時候用1.不知道動作的執行者是誰。ThiswatchismadeinChina.這塊手表是中國制造的。2.沒必要指出動作的執行者是誰。Manytreesmustbeplantedeveryyear.每年必須種許多樹。3.需要突出或強調動作的承受者。Chineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.世界上越來越多的人說漢語。(強調漢語的廣泛使用)4.動作的發出者是物。Manyhouseswerewashedawaybytheflood.許多房子被洪水沖走了。被動語態什么時候用說話或發表意見時,為了顯得客觀公正,也常用被動語態。常用句型:Itissaidthat…據說Itisreportedthat…據報道Itisbelievedthat…大家相信Itishopedthat…大家希望Itiswellknownthat…眾所周知Itisthoughtthat…大家認為e.g.Itissaidthattheboyhaspassedthenationalexam.e.g.Itisreportedthatgoldhasbeenfoundthere.被動語態使用的特殊情況let,make,have(三使)/see,look,watch,notice(四看)/listen,hear(二聽)/feel(一感覺)當它們變被動語態時要把to加上。1.Ioftenseetheoldmanruninthemorning.Theoldmanisoftenseentoruninthemorning.一、使役動詞和感官動詞2.Iheardhimsinglastnight.Hewasheardtosinglastnight.使役動詞+sbdo感官動詞+sbdosb+be+使役動詞過去分詞todosb+be+感官動詞過去分詞todo3.Theymadehimwork12

hoursaday.

Hewasmadetowork12hoursaday.被動語態使用的特殊情況1.look,sound,smell,taste,feel等系動詞，后加形容詞，用主動表被動。【系表結構】Thefishtastesgood.Thesongsoundedwonderful.Thecoatfeltcomfortable.二、主動形式表達被動含義2.want/need/require/deserve+doing=want/require/need/deservetobedone【需要做某事】Thecomputer

needsrepairing.

這個電腦需要修理。=Thecomputerneedstoberepaired.Thetablewantscleaning.這張桌子該擦了Thepointdeservesmentioning.這一點值得提到.被動語態使用的特殊情況3.beworthdoing“值得被….”=beworthyofbeingdone

=beworthytobedoneThebookisworthreading.=Thebookisworthyofbeingread.=Thebookisworthytoberead.二、主動形式表達被動含義4.blow,carry,cut,drive,read,sell

,write,wear,等與副詞連用,表示主語性能時,用被動語態。

Thecomputerssellwell.Theroomcleanedperfectly.Thepenwriteseasily.被動語態的句型轉換肯定句：The

roomis

cleanedbyhim.否定句：Theroomis

not

cleanedbyhim.一般疑問句：Is

theroomcleanedbyhim?特殊疑問句：Whois

theroomcleanedby?Yes,itis.No,itisn’t.被動語態的be是助動詞,所以否定句直接在be動詞后加not,一般疑問句把be動詞提至句首,特殊疑問句be動詞跟在特殊疑問詞后面后面.Jimgaveme(間接賓語)abook(直接賓語).tellsbsthgivesb.sth.

passsb.sth.throwsbsthsendsb.sth.showsb.sth.lendsbsthbringsb.sth.被動

sth主動betoldtosbbegiventosb.bepassedtosb.bethrowntosb.besenttosb.beshowntosb.belenttosb.bebroughttosb.IwasgivenabookbyJim.三、雙賓語結構的被動語態直物間人AbookwasgiventomebyJim含有雙賓語句子的被動語態直接賓語sth作主語時要在間賓前加上to或for主動