單元基礎(chǔ)知識匯總Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Itwasreportedthatthehelicoptercrashedinaremote(遙遠(yuǎn)的)desertarea.2．Weallcanfulfilourpotential(潛力；潛能)andachieveourgoalsthroughhardwork.3．Plantshavespecialstructures(結(jié)構(gòu))calledchloroplaststhatanimalsdon'thave.4．Youngchildrensometimescan'ttellthedifferencebetweenfantasy(幻想)andreality.5．Weliveinanagewhenmoreinformationisavailable(可獲得的)withgreatereasethaneverbefore.6．Thenewsmaybeunexpected;nevertheless(盡管如此),itistrue.7．Thatoldmanwassuspectedtobeconnectedwiththecrime(犯罪)．8．Everyonewantedtobowl,hence(因此)everyonewantedtoopenabowlingalley.9．Despitethemightyskills,advocating(提倡；倡議)peaceistheessenceofWudangmartialarts.10．Wevainlytriedtofindoutthestranger'snameandoccupation(職業(yè))．Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Theabilitytodothiswillbenecessaryinfutureflightstodistant(distance)planets.2．Wehadbettersetupasysteminwhichwecanworkefficiently(efficient)andequally.3．Ifyoushouldbefired,yourhealthcareandpensionbenefitswillnotbeautomatically(automatic)cutoff.4．Thepolicemandedthewitnessto_describe(describe)whathadhappenedthedaybefore.5．NothavingpersuadedHelento_change(change)hermind,herparentshadnochoicebuttoallowhertogotoChinatotravelalone.6．Iwasconstantly(constant)teasedforbeingheavierthantheotherkids,leavingmefeelingshyandsad.7．Muchtomysurprise,sheburstintotearsinstantly(instant)shereadtheletter.8．Thewatchthatwas50%offwasbeautiful,soIcouldn'tresistbuying(buy)it.9．Weneedyoutoprovideanaccuratedescriptionofthesituation.10．Notmanypeopleagreewiththegovernment'sprediction(predict)thattheeconomywillimprove.Ⅲ.選詞填空switchoff；beopposedto；inbinationwith；catchfire；innosense；earlyon；inthedistance；berelevantto；keepintouchwith；occupyoneselfwith1．Pleaseensurethatallthelightsare_switched_offatnight.2．Hewouldhaveattendedyourbirthdaypartybuthehadoccupied_himself_withaveryimportantexperiment.3．Themayoris_opposed_tobuildinganewhall,whichmaycostalotofmoney.4．Thefirmisworkingonanewproductin_bination_withseveraloverseaspartners.5．Listencarefully.Whatthemanagersaysis_relevant_tothematterinhand.6．Hekeptonringingmeup,butIdon'twanttokeep_in_touch_withhimanymore.7．Thereisathickcoveringofleavesintheforest,whichareveryeasytocatch_fire.8．Itwassodarkoutsidethatwecouldn'tseeanythingin_the_distance.9．In_no_senseshouldyouloseheart;keeptryingandyouwillmakeitsoonerorlater.10．Early_onintheproject,therewasessentiallynoactivity.Ⅳ.完成句子1．Weshouldtrytobine_exercise_withahealthydietinordertohaveastrongbody.為了身強(qiáng)體健，我們應(yīng)該把鍛煉和健康飲食結(jié)合起來。2．It_has_been_forecastedthatrainandsnowisreallyonthewayintheingdays.據(jù)預(yù)報，未來幾天會有雨夾雪。3．On(the)onehand,wemuststudyhard.On_the_other_hand,_weshouldmakeourbodystrong.一方面，我們必須努力學(xué)習(xí)，另一方面，我們應(yīng)該強(qiáng)身健體。4．Weshouldtrytoeducatethechildrenwhomademistakesrather_thanpunishthem.我們應(yīng)該盡力教育那些犯錯的孩子，而不是懲罰他們。5．TheInternetmakes_it_possibleforpeopletosharethelatestnews.因特網(wǎng)使得人們分享最新消息成為可能。6．As_soon_asDoctorZhongNanshanfoundthecaseserious,hetookimmediatemeasures.鐘南山醫(yī)生一發(fā)現(xiàn)情況嚴(yán)重，就立即采取了措施。7．It_is_predictedthatspacejourneyswillbeverymonwithinthenext100years.據(jù)預(yù)測，在今后的100年里，太空之旅將非常普遍。8．In_the_absence_ofanybodymoreexperienced,Itookmand.由于找不到其他更有經(jīng)驗的人，只好由我來指揮。9．Bytheyear2050,scientistsprobablywill_have_discoveredacureforcancer.到2050年，科學(xué)家們可能已經(jīng)找到治愈癌癥的方法。10．Whenyouarriveattheairport,aguidewill_be_waiting_for_you.你到了機(jī)場，會有一名導(dǎo)游在等你。Ⅴ.語法填空AWhenscholarsofinternationalrelationspredictthatthe21stcenturywillbea“Chinesecentury”，theyarefullofreasons.__1__Americaremainstheonlysuperpower,Chinaisresponsibleforanimportantshareofglobalchange.Since__2__startofthefinancialcrisisin2008,forexample,Chinahasaccounted__3__45%ofthegaininworldGDP.In1990about750millionChinesepeoplelivedinextreme__4__(poor);todayfewerthan10milliondo.ItsGDPperperson,inthetermsofpurchasingpower,__5__(rise)tentimessince1990.China's__6__(amaze)performancehasgreatlyaffectedtheworld'seconomicoutput.TheEconomisthasworkedoutageographiccentreoftheglobaleconomybytakinganaverageofeachcountry'slatitudeandlongitude(經(jīng)緯度),__7__(measure)by__8__(it)GDP.AttheheightofAmerica'scontrol,thispointpreviouslysatinthenorthAtlantic.ButChinahaspulleditsofareast__9__theglobalcentreofeconomicgravity__10__(be)nowinSiberia.本文為說明文。國際關(guān)系學(xué)者預(yù)言21世紀(jì)將是“中國的世紀(jì)”，本文介紹了這些學(xué)者做出如此預(yù)言的理由。1．Although/Though/While解析：考查讓步狀語從句。句意：盡管美國仍然是唯一的超級大國，但中國在全球變化中也扮演著重要角色。此處應(yīng)為讓步狀語從句，although/though/while“雖然，盡管”。故填A(yù)lthough/Though/While。2.the解析：考查冠詞。此處特指“2008年金融危機(jī)爆發(fā)”，應(yīng)使用定冠詞。故填the。3．for解析：考查介詞。句意：中國占全球GDP增長的45%。固定短語：accountfor(比例)占。故填for。4．poverty解析：考查名詞。根據(jù)空前介詞in及形容詞extreme可知，此處應(yīng)使用名詞“貧困”。故填poverty。5．has_risen解析：考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語since1990可知，此處應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時。故填hasrisen。6．a(chǎn)mazing解析：考查形容詞。此處修飾performance，應(yīng)使用-ing形式的形容詞，意為“驚人的表現(xiàn)”。故填amazing。7．measured解析：考查過去分詞。句意：《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家》計算出了全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的地理中心，方法是用GDP來衡量每個國家的經(jīng)緯度平均值。此處與anaverageofeachcountry'slatitudeandlongitude是邏輯動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用過去分詞，表被動。故填measured。8．its解析：考查代詞。此處指代eachcountry's，應(yīng)使用形容詞性物主代詞。故填its。9．that解析：考查固定句型。句意：中國已經(jīng)把它拉到如此遙遠(yuǎn)的東方，以至于全球經(jīng)濟(jì)重心現(xiàn)在位于西伯利亞。此處為so...that...“如此……以至于……”。故填that。10．is解析：考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)句意及句中時間狀語now可知，此處應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時。故填is。BWhenyou__1__(hurt)deeplybysomeone,youmayfeelitverydifficult__2__(remove)youranger.Butforgivingispossibleanditcanbe__3__greatbenefittoyourhealth.Uptonow,aresearch__4__(show)thatpeoplewhoforgivehavemoreenergy,betterappetiteandbettersleep.“Peoplewhoforgiveshow__5__(little)angerandmorehopefulness，”saysDrFredericLuskin，__6__wrotethebookForgiveforGood.“Soitcanhelpreducethetirednessandallowpeopletofeelmore__7__(energy)．”Sowhensomeonehurtsyou,cooldownfirst.Takeacoupleofbreathsandthinkofsomethingthatgivesyoupleasure.Don'twaitforanapology.“Manytimesthepersonwhohurtyoumayescape__8__(apologize)，”saysDrLuskin.“Theymayhavewantedtohurtyouortheyjustdon'tseethingsinthesameway.”Nextkeepinmindthatforgivenessdoesnotnecessarilymeanaccepting__9__thepersonhasdonetoyou.Finally,trytoseethingsfromthatperson'sperspective.Toachieveit,justput__10__(you)inthatperson'splace.本文是一篇議論文。這篇短文主要講述了在生活中我們要學(xué)會原諒別人，寬恕別人。并且詳細(xì)地分析了為什么要原諒別人