專題05閱讀還原

備戰(zhàn)2023年中考英語之沖刺題型專項(xiàng)練（全國通用版）

一、閱讀還原7選5

（2020?山東?統(tǒng)考二模）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選

項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

]Whenkidsbreakrules,parentswillgivethemsomepunishments,whicharen,t

includedinrules.Infact,whenyoutellyourkidsaboutanewrule,youshouldtalkwiththem

aboutthepricetheyshouldpayfbrbreakingtherule-whatthepunishmentwillbe.

2Violenceorthreat（暴力或威脅）isnotgood.Forexample,ifyoufindyourson

smoking,youmayIimit（限制）hissocialactivitiesfortwoweeks.Youshouldpunishyour

kidsonlyinwaysyouhavediscussedbeforetheruleisbroken.3

Ifsunderstandablethatyou,∏beangrywhenrulesarebroken.4Butit,snotavery

goodone.Sharingyourfeelingsofanger,disappointmentorsadnesswithyourkidscanhave

abettereffectonthem.Trytodothat.Whenyourkidsknowwhattheyhavedonehasmade

you,theywillfeelguilty（內(nèi)疚的）.Whentheyknowtheiractionsinfluenceyougreatly,they

willobeybetter.

5Ifyourrulesorwaysofpunishmentmakethemunhappyorunderalotof

pressure,aretheyhelpful?

A.Punishmentsyousetshouldbereasonable.

B.Manyparentslikesettingfamilyrulesfortheirkids.

C.Doyourchildrenbreakrulesathome?

D.Punishmentisawaytoexpressyouranger.

E.Therearelotsofrulesforkidsatschool.

F.Familyrulesaremadetohelpyourkidsbehavebetter.

G.Themostpopularpunishmentistolimitkids,TVtime.

【導(dǎo)語】制定家規(guī)可以幫助規(guī)范孩子的行為，對孩子的成長是很有幫助的。

如果孩子違反了規(guī)則，那么就要接受懲罰。家長們在制定懲罰措施的時(shí)候要

注意合理性，不要適得其反。

【答案】1.B2.A3.G4.D5.F

1.【解析】這個(gè)空是短文的第一句話，我們只能從下一句話中尋找做題的信息,

根據(jù)下句話中Whenkidsbreakrules,parentswillgivethemsomepunishments

可知，這里提到了rules,而且是kids和ParentS的關(guān)系，因此這篇短文應(yīng)講

述的是關(guān)于家庭規(guī)則的，故應(yīng)選B。

2.【解析】根據(jù)下句話ViolenceOrthreat（暴力或威脅）isnotgood可知，暴力

或者威脅是不好的，這里說的是懲罰的方式，應(yīng)該要合理。下面還具體舉例

告訴我們?nèi)绾卧O(shè)定懲罰的方式。故應(yīng)選A。

3.【解析】這一段講述的都是當(dāng)孩子做錯(cuò)事的時(shí)候，應(yīng)該如何懲罰他們。上句

話提至UYoushouldpunishyourkidsonlyinwaysyouhavediscussedbeforethe

ruleisbroken,你應(yīng)該按照在違反規(guī)則之前討論好的方式去懲罰，不要沒有

準(zhǔn)則。這一句話是承接上文而來，告訴我們最常見的懲罰方式是限制孩子看

電視的時(shí)間。故應(yīng)選G。

4.【解析】根據(jù)上句話It'sunderstandablethatyou'llbeangrywhenrulesare

broken可知，當(dāng)孩子違反規(guī)則的時(shí)候，你會變得很生氣，這里提到了angry,

下面是接著說如何來處理你的憤怒。D選項(xiàng)說懲罰是表達(dá)生氣的一種方式，

符合文意,故選D。

5.【解析】根據(jù)下句話Ifyourrulesorwaysofpunishmentmakethemunhappyor

underalotofpressure,aretheyhelpful?可知，這里作者反問我們，如果我們

懲罰的方式讓孩子不開心或者有很大的壓力，那么他們還有幫助嗎？這個(gè)空

應(yīng)該先告訴我們家庭規(guī)則應(yīng)該是對孩子們有好處的，故應(yīng)選Fo

（2022?江蘇蘇州?校聯(lián)考一模）請認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空

白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Carsmakeourlivesmucheasier.Buttheycanalsobeaproblem,especiallyfossilfuel

（化石燃料）cars.6

Toimprovetheenvironment,manycountriesaredevelopingelectricvehicles（EVs,???

車）.7Chinahascreatedtheworld'slargestEVmarket,accordingtotheWallStreet

Journal.In2021,over30percentoftheEVssoldworldwideweresoldinChina,morethan

twiceasmanyasthenumbersoldintheUnitedStates.8Chineseautocompanies,

includingBYDandBAIC,havebeenamongthetopintheworldinEVsales.

''Charging（充電）anelectriccarischeaperthanfillingupafossilfuelcarwithgas,“said

WuHao,whoboughtanelectriccarfromBAICthisyear.9Itcanbehardtofind

chargingstationsandthecarscan,tgofarbeforeneedingtoberecharged.

Someoftheseproblemsarebeingsolved.10Therearemorethan2.6million

chargingstationsintotal.

DevelopingEVsisoneofmanyeffortsChinahasmadetoprotecttheenvironment.44As

Chinagoes,sowilltheworld,sautoindustry/theWallStreetJournalsaid.

A.ChinesedriversarealreadybigfansofEVs.

B.Thereisalwaystoomuchtrafficontheroad.

C.However,therearestillsomeproblems.

D.Amongthem,Chinaistakingaleadingrole.

E.Peoplecannotonlygogreenbutalsosavemoney.

F.NowChinahastheworld,slargestEVchargingnetwork.

G.Theyhavebecomeamajorcauseofairpollution.

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了汽車使我們的生活更加方便，但也可能是一個(gè)問題。例如，礦

物燃料汽車造成了空氣污染。為了改善環(huán)境，許多國家正在開發(fā)電動(dòng)汽車，其中，中國

起著主導(dǎo)作用，創(chuàng)造了世界上最大的電動(dòng)汽車市場。

【答案】6.G7.D8.A9.C10.F

6.【解析】根據(jù)"Carsmakeourlivesmucheasier.Buttheycanalsobeaproblem,especially

fossilfuel（化石燃料）cars.”可知，汽車使我們的生活更容易，但它們也可能是一個(gè)問題，

尤其是化石燃料汽車。選項(xiàng)G“它們已經(jīng)成為空氣污染的主要原因“符合語境，故選G。

7.【解析】根據(jù)"Toimprovetheenvironment,manycountriesaredevelopingelectricvehicles

（EVs,電動(dòng)車）.”可知，為了改善環(huán)境，許多國家正在開發(fā)電動(dòng)汽車，結(jié)合后文介紹中國

的情況，選項(xiàng)D“其中，中國正在發(fā)揮主導(dǎo)作用”符合語境，故選D。

8.【解析】根據(jù)“In2021,over30percentoftheEVssoldworldwideweresoldinChina,more

thantwiceasmanyasthenumbersoldintheUnitedStateS.''可知，此處提到電動(dòng)車在中國

的銷量很高，選項(xiàng)A“中國司機(jī)已經(jīng)是電動(dòng)汽車的超級粉絲”符合語境，故選A。

9.［解析］根據(jù)"Itcanbehardtofindchargingstationsandthecarscan,tgofarbefore

needingtoberecharged.“可知，很難找到充電站，汽車在需要充電前走不遠(yuǎn)。此處提到

電動(dòng)車的一些問題，選項(xiàng)C“然而，仍然存在一些問題”符合語境，故選C。

10.【解析】根據(jù)"Someoftheseproblemsarebeingsolved....Therearemorethan2.6million

chargingstationsintotal.”可知，此處提到解決充電問題，選項(xiàng)F“現(xiàn)在中國擁有世界上最

大的電動(dòng)汽車充電網(wǎng)絡(luò)''符合語境，故選F。

（2022?江西?二模）Wehavefoundplasticintheoceanandinanimalslikebirds,fishes

andwhales.Butforthefirsttime,scientistshavefoundplasticinhumanpoop（糞便）,reports

USAToday.

Thefindingscomefromapilotstudy（初步彳升究）byscientistsfromEnvironment

AgencyAustria（EAA）.

Theresearchersfollowedeighthealthyvolunteersfromdifferentpartsoftheworld.The

volunteerswrotedownwhattheyateforaweek,thenprovidedsamplesoftheirpoopfor

testing.

11Anaverageof20smallplasticparticles（顆粒）werefoundinevery10

gramsofpoop.Theparticleswere50-500micrometers（微米）insize.

“Thesmallestplasticparticlesareabletoenterthebloodstream,thelymphaticsystem（淋

巴系統(tǒng)），andmayevenreachtheliver（肝臟），"PhilippSchwabl,whotookpartinthe

research,saidtoTheGuardian.

12Thev,renotsurehowtheplasticgotinthevolunteers9bodies,either.But

mostofthevolunteerssaidtheydrankfromplasticbottlesandalsoateseafoodthatcould

includeplasticfromoceanpollution.

13AccordingtoNationalGeographic,anaverageof8milliontonsofplastic

wastegointotheoceanseachyear.There,sunlightandwavesbreaktheplasticdowntothe

sizeofricegrains.Mostoftheseparticlesstayintheocean.Otherscanspreadintothesoil

andair.14

Previousstudiesmayalsogiveusaclue（線索）.15Evensometapwaterhas

beenfoundtohavetinyplasticparticlesinit.

A.However,thescientistsaren,tsureifthisplasticisharmfultohumans.

B.Howcouldpeopleavoideatingplastic?

C.Theyreportedninedifferenttypesofplasticinthesamples.

D.Couldplasticintheairfallontofoodandgetintothehumanbody?

E.Infact,plasticiseverywherearoundus.

F.Itistestedthatplasticparticlesaren,tharmfultohumanbodies.

G.USATodaysaysthat90percentofseasaltsoldgloballycontainsplastic.

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，研究表明，人類的糞便中含有塑料，我們丟失的塑料最終

還是“物歸原主”，本文對此現(xiàn)象做出闡述并呼吁人們不要亂扔塑料，要保護(hù)環(huán)境。

【答案】11.C12.A13.E14.D15.G

11.［解析】根據(jù)"Thevolunteerswrotedownwhattheyateforaweek,thenprovidedsamples

OftheirPoOPfOrteSting.”可知，前文提及糞便檢測樣本，選項(xiàng)C“他們報(bào)告了樣本中九種

不同類型的塑料”符合語境。故選C。

12.［解析】根據(jù)"They'renotsurehowtheplasticgotinthevolunteers,bodies,either.“可知，

后文提及科學(xué)家不確定塑料是如何進(jìn)入志愿者的身體，選項(xiàng)A“但是，科學(xué)家不確定塑

料是否對人類有害”符合語境。故選A。

13.［解析】根據(jù)"AccordingtoNationalGeographic,anaverageof8milliontonsofplastic

wastegointotheoceanseachyear...Mostoftheseparticlesstayintheocean.Otherscan

spreadintothesoilandair”可知，后文塑料垃圾存在于海洋，被分解的塑料存在于海洋，

土地和空氣，幾乎無處不在，選項(xiàng)E“事實(shí)上，塑料就在我們周圍”符合語境。故選E。

14.［解析］根據(jù)“Mostoftheseparticlesstayintheocean.Otherscanspreadintothesoiland

air.”可知，前文描述塑料存在于海洋，土地和空氣，此處提及塑料和土壤、空氣的關(guān)系，

選項(xiàng)D“空氣中的塑料會掉在食物上并進(jìn)入人體嗎”符合語境。故選Do

15.【解析】根據(jù)"Evensometapwaterhasbeenfoundtohavetinyplasticparticlesinit.“可

知，甚至自來水中也含有小顆粒的塑料，此處與塑料顆粒來自哪里相關(guān)，選項(xiàng)G“《今

日美國》稱，全球銷售的90%的海鹽含有塑料”符合語境。故選G。

（2020?云南昆明?統(tǒng)考中考真題）16

Youmayhavealreadyforgottenthedayswhenyouhadtolearnhowtousechopsticks.

EveryChinesekidstruggleswiththemforsometime.17Theycomewiththeirown

specialrulesandtraditions.

18Playingwithchopsticksisseenasbadmanners,justasmakingnoisewith

forksandknivesinaWesterncountrywouldberude.

Therearealsosomesuperstitions（迷信）relatedtochopsticks.Forexample,some

peoplebelievethatchopsticksshouldnotbeleftstandinguprightinabowl.Itlookslikethe

incense（香）thatChineseusetohonorthedead.19

Youshouldnottapchopsticksontheedgeofthebowleither,asbeggarsdothistoask

forfood.Parentsmaygetmadifchildrendothisastheydon'twanttheirchildrentobeas

poorasbeggarsinthefuture.

Apartfrombeingtableware,chopstickscanalsobeagreatgift.20Newlyweds（新

婚夫婦）sometimesreceivechopsticksasaweddinggift.Skilledcraftsmenpaintbeautiful

imagesonchopstickstomakethemlooklikefineartworks.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余

選項(xiàng)。

A.HowChinesekidslearntousechopsticks

B.Peopleshouldnotmakenoisewithchopsticks

C.Learntherulesandtraditionsbehindchopsticks

D.Doingitatthedinnertableisbelievedtobringbadluck.

E.Butchopsticksarenotjustsimpletoolstopickupfood

F.Weshouldlearnthetraditionalculturebehindforksandkniveswell.

G.InChinese,uchopsticksvreads“kuaizi”,whichmeanstohavebabiessoon.

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了筷子背后的傳統(tǒng)和規(guī)則。

【答案】16.C17.E18.B19.D20.G

16.［解析］根據(jù)“Playingwithchopsticksisseenasbadmanners,"和"Therearealsosome

superstitions（迷信）relatedtoChOPStiCks.''可知，本文想要我們Jz解筷子的傳統(tǒng)和規(guī)

則。故選C。

17.［解析】根據(jù)"Theycomewiththeirownspecialrulesandtraditions.”可知,此處表示

筷子背后有它們的規(guī)則和傳統(tǒng)，因此它們不只是夾起食物的工具，故選E。

18.［解析］根據(jù)“Playingwithchopsticksisseenasbadmanners,justasmakingnoisewith

forksandknivesinaWesterncountrywouldberude.”可知，人們不應(yīng)該用筷子發(fā)出噪音，

故選B。

19.［解析｝根據(jù)“Forexample,somepeoplebelievethatchopsticksshouldnotbeleft

standinguprightinabowl.Itlooksliketheincense（?）thatChineseusetohonorthedead.”

可知，有些人認(rèn)為筷子不應(yīng)該豎著放在碗里。它看起來像中國人用來紀(jì)念逝者的香。

因此在餐桌上做這樣的事會帶來厄運(yùn)，故選DC

20.【解析】根據(jù)"Newlyweds（新婚夫婦）sometimesreceivechopsticksasaweddinggift”

可知，給新婚夫婦送筷子作為結(jié)婚禮物，是因?yàn)椤翱曜印庇?快子”的意思，故選G。

（2022.貴州貴陽?統(tǒng)考二模）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文所給的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出能填入空

白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。每個(gè)選項(xiàng)只能選一次，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Whatdoesitmeantobeanoldersister?InthemovieSister,AnRanisa24-year-old

womanwhodreamsofbecomingadoctor.21Anfacesachoicebetweengoingafter

herdreamandraisingher6-year-oldbrother.

22Tohaveasecondchild,An,sparentsmadeAnpretend（假裝）tobedisabled

whenshewasalittlegirl.Afterherbrother,sbirth,herparentsalmostforgetAn.Theyasked

Antostudynursinginsteadofmedicineatcollegesothatshecouldstartworkingandsupport

thefamily.

Anhadplannedtoleavethefamilywhenthecaraccidenthappened.Whatwillshedo?

“ThefilmisacalmanddeepexaminationofChina,ssonpreferenceproblem,,,China

Dailynoted.23

Thedirector,scriptwriter（編劇）andproducerofthisfilmareallwomen.44Andwe,ve

seenalotofwomenaroundusexperiencingsuchthings,“Yinsaid,24

Thefilmhasanopenending,leavingtheaudience（觀眾）toguesswhetherAnhas

decidedtoraiseherbrotherornot.25Butatleastsheistrying.

A.NooneknowsifAnwillwinagainst（打敗）theunfairnessanddifficultiesoflife.

B.An,sfamilyalwayswantedtohaveaboy.

C.??Whydopeopletakeitforgranted（理所當(dāng)然）thatwomenshouldsacrifice（犧牲）？”

D.However,herparentsdieinacaraccident.

E.DirectorYinRouxinsaidthefilmshowstherealpainanddifficultiesthatmanywomen

face.

F.Anhastogiveupherstudy.

G.An,sparentsdon'tlikeher.

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹電影《我的姐姐》的相關(guān)信息以及它所反映出的現(xiàn)實(shí)問題。

【答案】21.D22.B23.E24.C25.A

21?【解析】根據(jù)"raisingher6-year-oldbrother.”可知安要撫養(yǎng)弟弟，說明父母去世了，

選項(xiàng)D“然而，她的父母死于一場車禍。”符合語境，故選D。

22.【解析】根據(jù)"Tohaveasecondchild,An'sparents”可知安的父母還想要一個(gè)孩子，選

項(xiàng)B“安的家人一直想要個(gè)男孩。”符合語境，故選B。

23.［解析］根據(jù)“?ThcfilmisacalmanddeepexaminationofChina,ssonpreference

problem/ChinaDn"ynoted”可知此處是表示對這部電影的評論，選項(xiàng)E“導(dǎo)演殷若昕表

示，這部電影展現(xiàn)了許多女性面臨的真實(shí)痛苦和困難。”符合語境，故選E。

24.【解析】tKi?fc?Andwe,veseenalotofwomenaroundusexperiencingsuchthings^^（我

們看到我們周圍的很多女性都經(jīng)歷過這樣的事情）可知此處是表示為女性打抱不平，選

項(xiàng)C”為什么人們理所當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為女性應(yīng)該做出犧牲？”符合語境，故選C。

25.根據(jù)"Thefilmhasanopenending,”可知此處是關(guān)于這部電影最終的結(jié)局，選項(xiàng)A“沒

有人知道安能否戰(zhàn)勝生活中的不公平和困難。''符合語境。故選A。

（2022?江蘇宿遷?統(tǒng)考二模）Weallhavebiggoals.Theyarethekeytohelpingusfind

satisfaction.However,whentheyarelong-termgoals（長期的目標(biāo)），Wemayrisklosing

encouragementandenergy.That,swhycelebratingsmallvictoriescanbesoimportant.

26

Energy

Whenenergyislow,itcanbechallengingtocompleteanything.27Onceyou

startexperiencingmoreenergy,youmightnoticefeelingmoreconfidenttocompleteallthose

things—largeandsmall-onyour“todo"list.Thereisevidencetosuggestthatcelebrating

smallvictoriesleadsyoutocompletebiggerones.

Personalandprofessionalgrowth

Acceptingsmallvictorieshelpsyourecordhowfaryou,vecome.Thisisespecially

helpfulwhenyou,retryingtobuildanewhabitormakealifestylechange.

28Butthesechangescanalsobethemostusefulwhenyou,reonthepathto

personalandprofessionalgrowthanddevelopment.Itcanbeeasytofallintothe“allor

nothing^^trap.Forexample,manypeoplefeeliftheycan,tachieveabehavioralchange-like

stoppingsmoking-thefirsttimetheytry,thentheymightaswellgiveup.Positive

strengtheningthroughcelebratingsmallwinshelpsgetbackontrack（回至IJ正軌）.

Happiness

Youaretheonlypersonyouknowforyourwholelife.Whenyouloveyourself

unconditionallyyoucanforgetanydifficultyinyourlife.29Celebratingyoursmall

victoriesisjustoneofmanywaystotakecareofyourself.

Celebratingsmallvictoriesisapowerfulwaytoproveyounoticehowamazingyouare.

Ithelpsyoudependonyourownpositiveinfoιτnationratherthanlookingtotheoutsideworld

totellyouwhatitthinksofyou.

30Itturnsoutthatwhenyouloveyourself,youwillshowothershowyou

wanttobetreated.

A.Youcansharesadnesswithyourparents.

B.Behavioralchangescanbedifficult.

C.Therearemanywaystolookafteryourselfwell.

D.Andthereasonsforcelebratingsmallwinscanbedividedintothefollowingparts.

E.Italsoleadstobetterrelationshipwithothers.

F.Whenyoucelebratesmallvictories,youwillgiveyourselfalittleenergy.

G.Growthmaybealong-termgoalthatisnotlikedbysomestudents.

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了慶祝小勝利的重要性，以及說明了具體的原因。

【答案】26.D27.F28.B29.C30.E

26.【解析】??guThat,swhycelebratingsmallvictoriescanbesoimportant.,?“Energy”,

kiPersonaIandprofessionalgrowth”和“Happiness”可知，此空介紹慶祝小勝利的原因。

選項(xiàng)D“慶祝小勝利的原因可以分為以下幾個(gè)部分。”符合語境.故選D。

27.［解析］根據(jù)“Onceyoustartexperiencingmoreenergy,youmightnoticefeelingmore

confidenttocompleteallthosethings-largeandsmall-onyour??todo”list.”可知，止匕空介

紹的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該與能量有關(guān)，即慶祝小勝利會給自己帶來能量。選項(xiàng)F“當(dāng)你慶祝小小的

勝利時(shí)，你會給自己一點(diǎn)能量。”符合語境。故選F。

28.［解析】根據(jù)"Butthesechangescanalsobethemostusefulwhenyou,reonthepathto

personalandprofessionalgrowthanddevelop】Tlent.”可知，此空介紹內(nèi)容和空后之間為轉(zhuǎn)折

關(guān)系，應(yīng)該表示改變比較難。選項(xiàng)B“行為改變可能很困難。”符合語境。故選B。

29.［解析］根據(jù)"Celebratingyoursmallvictoriesisjustoneofmanywaystotakecareof

yourself.”可知，此空介紹照顧好自己的方法。選項(xiàng)C“有很多方法可以照顧好自己。”符

合語境。故選C。

30.［解析1根據(jù)"Itturnsoutthatwhenyouloveyourself,youwillshowothershowyouwant

tobetreated.”可知，此空介紹對于自己和他人關(guān)系的好處。選項(xiàng)E“它還可以改善與他人

的關(guān)系。“符合語境。故選E。

（2022?云南昆明?統(tǒng)考一模）WhatCanHelpUsWhenWeFail?

Failureisapartoflifesinceourearliestmomentoflife.Weoftenthinkoffailureas

somethingbad.Butfailureisanormalandnaturalpartoflife.Soitisneitherbadnorgood.

31

?Don,tbeafraidoffailure.

32Ifweneverfailatsomething,weprobablyhaven,tlearnedallthatlifehas

toteachus.Sofailuremeanstakingsomethingawayfromtheexperience.

?Neverstoptιying.

Tryingorlearningsomethingnewisoftenhalfthebattle（戰(zhàn)斗）.33Youmay

getdisappointedbecauseoffailure.Butifyougiveup,yourprogresswillcometoanend.

?34

Nobodycanbeoursafetynetsallthetimeinourlives.Onlywecanactasourown

safetynets.SoWeshouldlearntobeindependentanddoeverythingforourselves.

?Don,tlookback.

Wespendtoomuchofourliveslookingback.There,snothingbacktheretosee.

35AndI,msurethatyou,llfindyourselfinabetterposition.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從以下選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

A.Failureisafriend.

B.Don,tgiveuptrying.

C.FailureishowWelearn.

D.Maybeyouwanttogiveup.

E.Learntodependonourselves.

F.However,whatcanhelpuswhenwefail?

G.Spendmoretimelookingforwardtoyourlifeinthefuture.

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章從四個(gè)方面告訴我們當(dāng)我們失敗的時(shí)候可以如何做。

【答案】31.F32.C33.B34.E35.G

31.【解析】根據(jù)下文的四個(gè)小標(biāo)題“?Don'tbeafraidoffhilure."、"?Neverstoptiying.''、

"?"、"?Doιftlookback.“可知這里這句應(yīng)該是能起到承上啟下作用的過渡句，且

表示“在失敗時(shí)，有什么可以幫到我們？”的意思。選項(xiàng)F.However,whatcanhelpuswhen

Wefai1?“然而，當(dāng)我們失敗的時(shí)候，有什么可以幫到我們？“，符合題意。故選F。

32.【解析】根據(jù)第二段第二句"【fweneverfailatsomething,weprobablyhaven'tlearnedall

thatlifehastoteachus.“可知如果我們從來沒有失敗過，我們就學(xué)不到生活要教會我們的

東西，說明失敗就是我們學(xué)習(xí)的方法。故選C。

33.【解析】根據(jù)第二個(gè)小標(biāo)題“-Neverstoptrying.”可知這一段是圍繞“不要停止嘗試”來

展開說明的。選項(xiàng)BDorftgiveuptrying.“不要放棄嘗試。”貼合這一段的主題，符合題

意。故選B。

34.［解析］根據(jù)第四段最后——句"SoWeshouldIeamtobeindependentanddoeveιything

forOUrSelVes."可知我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會獨(dú)立并且自己的事情自己做。因此這一段的小標(biāo)題應(yīng)是

表示“學(xué)會依靠自己”。選項(xiàng)E.LeamtodependonOUrSeIVeS.“學(xué)會依靠自己”，符合題意。

故選Eo

35.［解析］根據(jù)上一句"There'snothingbacktheretosee.”可知過往沒什么好留戀的，因

此要學(xué)會往前看。選項(xiàng)G.Spendmoretimelookingforwardtoyourlifeinthefuture.“花更

多時(shí)間來期待你未來的生活。''符合題意。故選G。

（2019?云南昆明?中考真題）Somepeopleseemtobebornhappy.Nothingseemstoget

themdown.However,somepeopleseemtohaveeverythinggoingwellbuttheystilldonot

seemtobehappy.36

Listentomusic

Musicisgoodforpeople.37LightmusiccanhelpUSrelax;somepopmusic

canmakeusfeelhappy.Youcanlistentoit,ortakeupplayinganinstrumentinyourspare

time.

Haveapet

Youmaynothaveapetofyourown,butpetsaresogoodatmakingpeople

happy.38Somepetsarelovelyandsomeneedexercise,whichishelpfultoyou,too.

?Stayfitandhealthy

Trytokeepfitandhealthybyexercisingeveryday.39Thegreatthingabout

exerciseisthatithelpsrelease（釋放）chemicalsandthesechemicalsmakeyoufeelhappy!

40

Oftenitisthesmallthingsthatmakepeoplehappy.Beingkindandsmilingatpeoplein

yourdailylifecanmakeothershappy,andatthesametime,itwillalsobuildhappinessfor

you.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余

選項(xiàng)。

A.Bekindandsmile

B.Beactiveandhappy

C.Exercisecankeepyouhappy.

D.Therearedifferentkindsofit.

E.Manyreasonscanexplainwhypeopleliketohavepets.

F.Onethingisforsurethatmoneycannotmakeapersonhappy.

G.Nomatterwhoyouare,youcanbuildhappinessbydoingthefollowing.

【導(dǎo)語】文章大意：短文講了有些人似乎生來就很快樂，似乎沒有什么能讓他們失望；

然而，有些人似乎事事順利，但他們似乎仍然不快樂。詳細(xì)的講述了如何讓人保持快樂

的一些方法。

【答案】36.G37.D38.E39.C40.A

36.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)前句Somepeopleseemtobebornhappy.Nothingseemsto

getthemdown.However,somepeopleseemtohaveeverythinggoingwellbuttheystilldo

notseemtobehapPy.以及下文所給出的一系列方法，再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知G選項(xiàng)Nomatter

whoyouare,youcanbuildhappinessbydoingthefollowing.“無論你是誰，你都可以通過

做下面的事情來建立快樂。''符合語境，故答案選G。

37.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)后句Lightmusiccanhelpusrelax;somepopmusiccanmake

usfeelhappy.輕音樂可以幫助我們放松；一些流行音樂可以讓我們感到快樂。再結(jié)合選

項(xiàng)可知D選項(xiàng)TherearedifTeremkindSofiL音樂有好多種。”符合語境，故答案選D。

38.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)后句Somepetsarelovelyandsomeneedexercise,whichis

helpfultoyou,too.有些寵物很可愛，有些需要鍛煉，這對你也有幫助。再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知

E選項(xiàng)ManyreaSOnScanexplainwhypeopleliketohavepets.”許多原因可以解釋為什么人

們喜歡養(yǎng)寵物。”符合語境，故答案選E。

39.［解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)后句Thegreatthingaboutexerciseisthatithelpsrelease（釋

放）chemicalsandthesechemicalsmakeyoufeelhappy!鍛煉的好處在于它有助于釋放化

學(xué)物質(zhì)，這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)讓你感到快樂！再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知C選項(xiàng)Exercisecankeepyou

happy.“運(yùn)動(dòng)能讓你快樂。”符合語境，故答案選C。

40.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)后句Oftenitisthesmallthingsthatmakepeoplehappy.Being

kindandsmilingatpeopleinyourdailylifecanmakeothershappy,andatthesametime,it

willalsobuildhappinessforyou.通常是小事情讓人快樂，在日常生活中對人和善微笑能

讓別人快樂，同時(shí)也能給你帶來快樂。再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知A選項(xiàng)BekindandSrniIe.“友善

地微笑。”可以統(tǒng)領(lǐng)全段，符合題意，故答案選A。

（2022?九年級河南省模擬測試）Atsunrise,parksandotherpublicareasacrossChina

fillupwithpeopledoingTaijiquan.41So,whatexactlyisTaijiquanandwheredoes

itcomefrom?

Taijiquan,alsoknownasTaiChi,isoneofChina,smostfamoustraditionalformsof

martialarts（武術(shù)）.Martialartscanbedifferent.TakeShaolinWushuforexample.Ithasa

cleargoal-towinafight.42Onecarelessmovecancauseseriousinjury（受

傷）?43Itfocusesonrelaxedmovements.Anyonewhoisgoodatitisabletomove

easily,justlikewater.

44WudangTaiChiisone.ItissaidtohavebeeninventedbyZhangSanfeng.

It,ssaidthatheoncewatchedasnakeandabirdfighting.Hewassoimpressedbytheskills

usedbyeachanimal.Thenhemadeuseofthemtodevelophisownmartialart.

It,sourpridethatChina,sTaijiquanhasbeenaddedtoUNESCO'sRepresentativeListof

IntangibleCulturalHeritagee∕7∕"wMZ>'（非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)）inDecember,2020.45

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從選項(xiàng)中選出能填入文中空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

A.WhoinventedWudangTaiChi?

B.However,Taijiquanisverydifferent.

C.Theactionlooksslowandcomfortable.

D.TherearedifferentstylesofTaijiquan.

E.Themainfocusisondevelopingstrengthandspeed.

F.Manythinkit,sasport,whileotherscallitamartialart.

G.Sofar,Chinahastoppedthelistintheworldwithatotalof42items.

【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹被列入人類非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)的武術(shù)形式之一太極，它也是中國人晨練

的一種方式。文中介紹了少林武術(shù)和太極的不同之處，以武當(dāng)太極為例講述「太極的風(fēng)

格。

【答案】41.F42.E43.B44.D45.G

41.［解析］上文“Atsunrise,parksandotherpublicareasacrossChinafillupwithpeople

doingTaijiqUan”人們清晨在公園里打太極；可知，人們把太極作為一種鍛煉方式；選項(xiàng)

F“很多人認(rèn)為這是一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)，而其他人則稱之為武術(shù)”符合語境。故選F。

42.【解析】上文“Ithasacleargoal—towinafight.”少林武術(shù)的目的是為了贏得--場戰(zhàn)斗，

可知，力量和速度是少林武術(shù)的重點(diǎn)；選項(xiàng)E“重點(diǎn)是發(fā)展力量和速度”符合語境。故選

Eo

43.【解析】上文“少林武術(shù)的重點(diǎn)是發(fā)展力量和速度”；T^C??Itfocusesonrelaxed

movements”太極專注于放松的動(dòng)作；可知，少林武術(shù)和太極不一樣。；選項(xiàng)B“然而，太

極拳卻大不相同”符合語境。故選B。

44.【解析】空格在句首是段落的總述句。根據(jù)下文“WudangTaiChiisone…”武當(dāng)太極

就是其中之一；可知，太極有多種形式；選項(xiàng)D“太極拳有不同的風(fēng)格”與語境相符。故

選D。

45.【解析】上文"It'sourpridethatChina,sTaijiquanhasbeenaddedtoUNESCO's

RepresentativeListofIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity^inDeCember,2020”太極被歹JI

入人類非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)；選項(xiàng)G”到目前為止，中國以42個(gè)項(xiàng)目高居世界榜首”承接上

文講述中國列入人類非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)取得的成就；故選G。

（2020?陜西寶雞?統(tǒng)考二模）Anoldmanlivedinavillage.Hewasoneoftherudest

peopleintheworld.Thewholevillagewastiredofhim.46Hewasalways

complainingandwasalwaysinabadmood（情緒）.Whenpeopletriedtocheerhimup,he

wouldrudelyturnthemaway.

Thelongerhelived,themorebad-temperedhebecame.Peoplestayedawayfromhim

becausehisbadmoodwascontagious（傳染性的）.Itwasevenunusualandimpolitetofeel

happyaroundhim.47

Butoneday-thedayheturned80yearsold,infact-anunbelievablethinghappened.

Thevillagerssaidamongthemselves,"Theoldmanishappytoday.Hehasn't

complainedaboutanything.48Itissurprisingthatheispolitetoothersand

seemstobehappyeveryday.π

Thewholevillagewenttoseetheoldman.Oneofthevillagersaskedtheoldman,

nWhathappenedtoyou?Whyareyousohappynow?”

*'Nothingspecialhashappened,infact,"themansaid."For80yearsΓvebeenlooking

forhappiness,butitwasnouse.49That'swhyI,mhappynow.u

Itisimportanttorealizethatyourmoodcanaffect（影響）themoodsofthosearoundyou.

Everyonehasbaddayssometimes.50Justtrytoaccepttheirhelp.

Willyoufeelhappyifyourfriendsarehappy?Ifyourfriendsaresad,howwillyoufeel?

Doyouhaveanywaystocheeryourselfupwhenyoufeelsad?Pleaseshareyourideaswith

A.Becausehewasalwaysunhappy.

B.Heissmilingandhisfacelookskind.

C.Iwanttoaffectothersaroundmeandhelpthemalot.

D.Ifsomeonetriestocheeryouup,don,tberudetothem.

E.Mostofvillagersfelthappywhiletherestfeltsadeveryday.

F.AndthenIdecidedtolivewithouthappinessandjustenjoylife.

G.Bybehavinglikethis,hemadetherestofthevillagefeelunhappyaswell.

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。本文主要講述的是一個(gè)粗魯?shù)睦夏耆耍觳豢鞓罚灿绊?/p>

了周圍的人的情緒，后來終于明白，他一直尋找快樂卻沒有得到快樂，現(xiàn)在不找了，快

樂反而來到身邊。我們要管理好自己的情緒，當(dāng)心情不好時(shí)，不要對那些想要幫助你的

人無禮。

【答案】46.A47.G48.B49.F50.D

46.［解析】根據(jù)下文“Hewasalwayscomplainingandwasalwaysinabadmood（情緒）.”

可知，他總是抱怨，心情不好。推測空格處要表達(dá)跟老人情緒有關(guān)的句子，選