從Para.3中找出Havingdone作狀語的句子Havingworkedhardallday,Iwenttobedearly.HavingexperiencedquiteafewearthquakesinHawaiialready,Ididn’ttakemuchnotice.1.Ihadworkedhardallday,soIwenttobedearly.2.IhadexperiencedquiteafewearthquakesinHawaiialready,soIdidn’ttakemuchnotice.原因狀語Havingdone___________主動，進行_______被動,完成_____________將來；目的_______________強調動作先發生beingdonetobedonehavingbeendone非謂語動詞todo/doing/done/havingdonehavingdonetododonedoing1.看主語，辨主被動2.看時態，辨。。。1.________manytimes,buthestillcouldn'tunderstandit.2.________manytimes,hestillcouldn'tunderstandit.

A.HavingbeentoldB.Told

C.HehadbeentoldD.Thoughhehadbeentold

3.______fromspace,theearthlooksblue.4.______fromspace,wecanseetheearthisblue.

A.SeenB.SeeingC.ToseeD.See

5.Thebuilding______nowwillbearestaurant.6.Thebuilding______nextyearwillbearestaurant.7.Thebuilding______lastyearisarestaurant.

A.havingbeenbuiltB.tobebuilt

C.beingbuiltD.built

CA/DABCBD-ing分詞的構成

-ing分詞是由動詞原形加詞尾-ing構成，表示與主語主動關系。-ing分詞同樣有時態和語態的變化，通常有下表幾種形式〔以do為例〕-ing分詞的一般式和完成式：

-ing分詞的一般式的動作表示和后面句子的動作是同時進行的動作；完成式的動作是先于后面句子的動作發生。如：

Beingastudent,hewasinterestedinbooks.

作為一個學生，他對書本很感興趣。

Nothavingstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hefailedtheexaminations.因為沒有努力學習功課，他考試不及格。

-ing分詞的否認形式是由not/never加-ing分詞構成。如：

Notknowinghisaddress,Icoulddonothingbutstayathomeandwait.

不知道他的地址，我只好在家里等著。

-ing分詞的被動式-ing分詞的被動式表示與后面句子的主語是被動關系。根據-ing分詞動作發生的時間，被動式有進行被動式(beingdone)和完成被動式(havingbeendone)。如：

〔Havingbeencriticized〕bytheteacher,hegaveupsmoking.

被老師批評以后，他把煙戒了。

現在分詞作狀語現在分詞作狀語往往和邏輯主語之間存在主動關系。現在分詞作狀語，常常用來表示原因、時間、方式、結果、條件、伴隨狀況等。現在分詞一般不用作表目的的狀語〔通常用不定式表目的的狀語〕。-ing分詞短語作時間狀語，相當于一個時間狀語從句，。注意：1現在分詞所表示的動作與主句的動作一般是同時發生有時可由連詞when,while引出。2現在分詞所表示的動作一發生，主句的動作就立即發生時，現在分詞一般位于句首。如：

Whilereadingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.

他一邊看書，一邊不時地點頭。

Seeingthosepictures,sherememberedherchildhood.

看到那些畫，她想起了她的童年。

WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.Whilehewaswaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.)Whilewaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.1〕表時間狀語2)表原因狀語〔相當于一個原因狀語從句〕Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.1.(=ashewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.)Beingastudent,youshouldstudyhard.(=Sinceyouareastudent,youshouldstudyhard.〕2.既然你是一個學生，你就應該努力學習。3.由于想到他或許在家，所以我就給他打了。Thinkinghemightbeathome,Icalledhim.(AsIthoughthemightbeathome,Icalledhim.)3)表方式、伴隨情況的狀語：作伴隨狀語地分詞表示的動作，必須是主語的一個動作，或是與謂語所表示的動作〔或狀態〕同時發生，或是對謂語表示的動作〔或狀態〕作進一步地補充說明。Eg.Hesatonthesofa,watchingTV.(=HesatonthesofaandwatchedTV.)他們笑著談著走進了教室。__________________,theywentintotheclassroom.他斜靠(lean)著墻站著。He_______________________thewall.(＝Hestoodandleanedagainstthewall.)Laughingandtalkingstoodleaningagainst4)表結果Eg.Hermotherdiedin1990,leavingherwithheryoungerbrother.(=Hermotherdiedin1990,andleftherwithheryoungerbrother.)全國到處在傳唱這首歌曲，使它成了一首最受歡送的歌曲。Thesongissungalloverthecountry,__________________________________.makingitthemostpopularsong5)表條件Usingyourhead,youwillfindaway.(=Ifyouuseyourhead,youwillfindaway.)一直往前走，你就會看到一座白色地房子。______________,youwillseeawhitehouse.Walkingahead1.Havingnotseenthefilm,Ican’ttellyouwhatIthinkofit.2.Themenworkedforextrahoursgotanextrapay.3.Seenfromthetopofthehill,wefindthecitymorebeautiful.4.Generallyspeak,facialexpressionsarehelpfulcommunications,too.NothavingworkingSeeingspeaking單句改錯5.“Can’tyouread?”themansaid,angrilypointedtothenoticeonthewall.6.Knockingatthedoorbeforeentering,please.7.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,madeitthemostpopularsportintheworld.pointingKnockmaking(6)與邏輯主語構成獨立主格：

Iwaitingforthebus,abirdfellonmyhair.我等汽車時，一只鳥落到我頭上。

Alltheticketshavingbeensoldout,theywentawaydisappointedly.所有的票已經賣光了，他們失望地離開了。

Timepermitting,we'lldoanothertwoexercises.如果時間允許，我們將做另兩個練習。

有時也可用with(without)+名詞〔代詞賓格〕+分詞形式Withthelightsburning,hefellasleep.他點著燈睡著了。獨立成分：有些分詞短語可以做獨立成分，用來解釋整個句子，不受句子主語的限制。常見的分詞短語有：generally(frankly,honestly…)speaking,supposing(假設),judgingfrom(從…判斷),talkingof〔談到),speakingof〔談到〕等。Generallyspeaking,girlsaremorecarefulthanboys.Supposingyoulose,whatwillyoudo?Judgingfromhisaccent,hemustbefromthenorth.Talkingoftravel,haveyoueverbeentoBeijing?1、分詞(短語)作狀語時,前后兩個動作的主語是同一個人。2、分詞短語做狀語時，前面可以加上連詞或介詞，但是分詞短語和句子之間不能用并列連詞(如but，and)，分詞和主句之間可用逗號。

使用-ing形式需注意的4個問題.3、用V+ing一般式還是Having+done完成式，要看前后兩個動作有沒明顯的先后順序，在可能引起誤解的場合應該用完成式現在分詞表示先發生的動作。4、分詞的否認形式是在分詞短語前面加上not,never等否認詞構成。Afterheheardastrongsound,hewentoutoftheroomforalook.=Havingheard

astrangesound,hewentoutof….Asthegirlwasseriouslyill,shewastakentohospitalimmediately.Beingseriouslyill,thegirlwastakento….be-beingAsshedidn’tknowanyFrench,shecouldn’tgetanyonetohelpher.NotknowinganyFrench,shecouldn’tgetanyonetohelpher.ConsolidationThesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,_____alongspeechforthepresident.A.toprepareB.preparingC.preparedD.waspreparing

2.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,______itthemostpopularsportintheworld.A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomake3.”Can’tyouread?”Marysaid______tothenotice.A.angrilypointingB.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointing4.______areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotNothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived5．Themissingsingerwaslastseen____thevoiceclosetothebridge．

A．exercisingB．tobeexercising

C．exerciseD．toexercise6.Thedirectorsdiscussedtheprojectthattheywouldliketosee____thenextyear．

A．carryoutB．carryingout

C．carriedoutD．tocarryout

7.__________

theclassroom,thestudentswenttotheplaygroundtowatchthefootballmatch.

A.Toclean

B.Havingcleaned

C.Cleaned

D.Cleaning8.WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor________"Sorrytomissyou;willcalllater.“A.readB.readsC.toreadD.reading9.________fromwhathesaid,hemustbethethiefwhohasstolenthecar.A.JudgingB.JudgedC.TojudgeD.Judge10.________fortheterribleaccident,asthepublicthought,themayorfeltnervousandwasatalosswhattodo.A.HavingblamedB.ToblameC.BeingtobeblameD.Beingtoblame11.Wesleptwiththelight________allnightlonglastnight.A.burntB.toburnC.beingburntD.burning12.________hermotherhadcome,herfacelitup.A.HearingB.HavingheardC.WhenhearingD.WhensheheardPractise:Theysetout____forthe____boy.searching;losingB.searching;lostC.tosearch;lostD.searched;losing(2)Thestudentsatthere,____whattodo.doesn’tknowingB.didn’tknowingC.notknowD.notknowingCD(3)Hesatthere_____,withhisheadonhishand.andthinkB.thinkingC.thoughtD.beingthought(4)The____PrimeMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwithhistalks,___thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.visiting;addB.visited;addingC.visiting;addingD.visited;addedBC1.Havingnotseenthefilm,Ican’ttellyouwhatIthinkofit.2.Themenworkedforextrahoursgotanextrapay.3.Seenfromthetopofthehill,wefindthecitymorebeautiful.4.Generallyspeak,facialexpressionsarehelpfulcommunications,too.NothavingworkingSeeingspeaking單句改錯5.“Can’tyouread?”themansaid,angrilypointedtothenoticeonthewall.6.Knockingatthedoorbeforeentering,please.7.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,madeitthemostpopularsportintheworld.pointingKnockmaking1.Thestrangersaidsomethingina_______voiceandthelittlegirlwasverymuch________A.frightening,frightenedB.frightened,frighteningC.frightening,frighteningD.frightened,frightenedChoosethebestanswer.2.________thepiano,someonesuddenlyknockedatthedoor.A.PlayingB.WhenIwasplayingC.RepairingD.Examining3.Mothercaughttheboy______inthecorner.A.smokeB.tosmokeC.beingsmokedD.smoking4.______theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanother2weeks..A.NotcompletingB.NotcompletedC.NothavingcompletedD.Havingnotcompleted5.“Wecan’tgooutinthisweather”,saidBob,____outofthewindow.A.lookingB.tolookC.lookedD.havinglooked6.Though_____money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.A.lackedB.lackingofC.lackingD.lackedin7.Thebell_______theendoftheperiodrang,______ourheateddiscussion.A.indicating;interruptingB.indicated;interruptingC.indicating;interruptedD.indicated;interrupted8._______suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.A.Havingsuffere