學必求其心得，業必貴于專精學必求其心得，業必貴于專精學必求其心得，業必貴于專精虛擬語氣(Ⅰ）語境自主領悟先觀察原句后自主感悟1.Ifyouwereheadofthegovernment,wouldyouallowcloning？2.Ifwehadn'tmadeadequatepreparations,theconferencewouldn'thavebeensowonderful。3.Ifitweretorain/shouldrain/rained，thecropswouldbesaved。4.HadIworkedhard，Iwouldhavesurelysucceeded。5。Wereshemydaughter，Iwouldn’tallowhertostudyabroad.6.ShouldIhavetime，Iwouldcallonher.7。Iftheyhadstartedearlyyesterdaymorning，theywouldbeherenow。8.Ifwehadn’tmadeadequatepreparations，weshouldn’tdaretodotheexperimentnextweek。9.Butforyourhelp,wecouldn'thavesucceeded。10.Shewasn’tfeelingwell.Otherwiseshewouldn'thaveleftthemeetingsoearly.1.1－3句為if引導的非真實條件句的三種基本形式。2。4－6句為省略if的虛擬條件句。3。7－8句中，主句與從句動作所發生的時間不一致，稱之為“錯綜時間條件句”.4。9－10句中，假設的條件不用if條件從句表示，而是通過介詞短語butfor或副詞otherwise等表達出來,這類句子叫“含蓄條件句”。一、虛擬語氣在非真實條件句中的用法虛擬情況從句謂語動詞主句謂語動詞與現在事實相反一般過去時(be用were）would/should/could/might＋動詞原形與過去事實相反過去完成時would/should/could/might＋have＋過去分詞與將來事實相反一般過去時（be用were）should＋動詞原形wereto＋動詞原形would/should/could/might＋動詞原形Ifmybrotherwerehere，everythingwouldbeallright.要是我哥哥在這兒，一切就都沒問題了。（與現在事實相反）IfIhadenoughmoney,Iwouldtakethebeautifuldressformydaughter。如果我的錢夠的話，我就會為女兒買下這件漂亮的禮服.(與現在事實相反）Ifyouhadgotupearlier，youwouldhavecaughtthetrain。如果你早點起床，你就會趕上火車了。(與過去事實相反)Ifitshouldrain/weretorain/rainedtomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthesportsmeeting。如果明天下雨的話，我們就得推遲運動會。(與將來事實相反)[即時訓練1］用括號內動詞的適當形式填空①IfIhadenoughmoneynow，Iwouldbuy(buy）acar.②Ifwehaddriven(drive）inturn，youwouldn’thavegotsotired。③Ifitweretosnowtomorrow,wewouldtake(take)photos.二、虛擬條件句的三種特殊形式1．省略if的虛擬語氣虛擬條件句中若含有were，had或should，可以把if省略,把were，had或should提到句首,構成部分倒裝。WereitSundaytomorrow,weshouldgototheGreatWall。要是明天是星期日,我們就能去長城了。HadItakenmyfather’ssuggestion，Iwouldhavedoneitbetter.如果我聽從了父親的建議，我會做得更好。[名師點津］若省略的條件句中的謂語動詞是否定形式時，不能用動詞的縮略形式。例如:Wereitnotfortheexpense，Iwouldgoabroadnow.（正）Weren’titfortheexpense，Iwouldgoabroadnow.（誤)［即時訓練2]句型轉換①IfIhadnotbeensocareless，Iwouldnothavelostmywatchyesterday.→HadInotsocareless,Iwouldnothavelostmywatchyesterday。②IfIhadknownyourtelephonenumberyesterday,Iwouldhavetelephonedyou.→HadIknownyourtelephonenumberyesterday，Iwouldhavetelephonedyou.③Ifitshouldraintomorrow，theworkwouldbepostponedforsomedays。→Shoulditraintomorrow,theworkwouldbepostponedforsomedays。2．錯綜時間條件句虛擬語氣中，條件從句中謂語可以和主句中的謂語發生時間不一致，這時從句和主句要根據各自所發生的時間選用符合具體時間的虛擬語氣形式.Ifyouhadpreparedinadvance，youwouldn'tbeinsuchanawkwardpositionnow.如果你事先作好準備,現在就不至于那么被動。(從句表示過去，主句表示現在）IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonetoherbirthdayparty。如果我是你,我就去參加她的生日宴會了。（從句表示現在，主句表示過去）[即時訓練3］用括號內動詞的適當形式填空①Ifyouhadlistened（listen)tomeyesterday,youwouldn’tbeinsuchtroublenow。②IfIwere（be）you，Iwouldhaveplantedsometreesaroundthehouse。③Ifyouhadn'twatched（notwatch）TVyesterday，youwouldn'tbe(notbe）sosleepynow.3．含蓄虛擬條件句有時假設的情況不是以if條件從句表示，而是通過其他形式表現出來，這時被稱作含蓄虛擬條件句，其主要用法如下：（1)用butfor，without等介詞（短語）表示條件.Butfortherainweshouldhavehadapleasantjourney。要不是下雨，我們會有一次愉快的旅行。(2）用連詞otherwise,or等暗示后文與前面的情況相反，從而引出后文的虛擬語氣.Therewasatrafficjamontheway，otherwiseIwouldhavearrivedanhourago.路上堵車，要不然我一小時前就到了．(3)虛擬條件通過but暗示出來,but前面為虛擬語氣,后面為真實情況.Ishouldhavegivenyoumorehelp,butIwastoobusy.我本該多幫幫你,但我太忙了。[即時訓練4]用括號內動詞的適當形式填空①Withoutwarintheworld，peoplewouldlive(live）ahappierlife.②Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetaken(take)partinthesportsmeeting.③Ifyouhadturned(turn)uponehourago，Iwouldn'thavegonehomeonfoot。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．IfIlived（live）nearmyworkplace，Iwouldwalktoworkeveryday。2．Ifyouhadattended(attend)themeetingyesterday,youwouldhavemether。3．Shoulditraintomorrow，wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittothepark.4．Ifhehadlistened（listen）tomethen，hewouldn'tbeintroublenow。5．Withoutyourhelpfuladvice，Iwouldn’thavefinishedthetaskontime。6．IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavehelped(help）themanyesterday.7．Iwouldhavegone(go）tomycousin’sbirthdaypartylastnight，butIwasnotavailable。8．Myparentslentmethemoney.Otherwise,Icouldn'thaveaffordedthetrip.9．Iftherewere(be)noairorwater,therewouldbenolivingthingsontheearth.10．Butfortherain，Iwouldhavehad(have）apleasantjourneytheotherday.Ⅱ。單句改錯1．Thesoupisn'tverygood.Itwilltastebetterifitweren'tsosalty.will→would2．Ifhereadthebook,hecouldhaveansweredthequestion.read前加had3．Ifheweresetouttomorrow，hewouldgetthereonSunday。were后加to4．Withoutyourhelp，thechildwouldn’tputupthepictureonthewalljustnow.wouldn’t后加have5．IfIhadhadtime，Iwouldhavegonetothepartywithyou,butIamverybusy.am→wasⅢ。完成句子1．如果你當時在那里就好多了。Hadyoubeenthereatthattime，itwouldhavebeenmuchbetter．2．如果你說得清楚些，別人就會聽懂你了。Ifyouhadspokenclearly,youwouldhavemadeyourselfunderstood.3．要不是這幾次中斷，會議半個小時前就開完了。Butfortheseinterruptions，themeeti